1
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Wu YT, Kumbhar SV, Tsai RF, Yang YC, Zeng WQ, Wang YH, Hsu WC, Chiang YW, Yang T, Lu IC, Wang YH. Manipulating the Rate and Overpotential for Electrochemical Water Oxidation: Mechanistic Insights for Cobalt Catalysts Bearing Noninnocent Bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide Ligands. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:306-318. [PMID: 38855334 PMCID: PMC11157513 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical water oxidation is known as the anodic reaction of water splitting. Efficient design and earth-abundant electrocatalysts are crucial to this process. Herein, we report a family of catalysts (1-3) bearing bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide ligands (H 2 L1-H 2 L3). H 2 L3 contains electron-donating substituents and noninnocent components, resulting in catalyst 3 exhibiting unique performance. Kinetic studies show first-order kinetic dependence on [3] and [H2O] under neutral and alkaline conditions. In contrast to previously reported catalyst 1, catalyst 3 exhibits an insignificant kinetic isotope effect of 1.25 and zero-order dependence on [NaOH]. Based on various spectroscopic methods and computational findings, the L3Co2 III(μ-OH) species is proposed to be the catalyst resting state and the nucleophilic attack of water on this species is identified as the turnover-limiting step of the catalytic reaction. Computational studies provided insights into how the interplay between the electronic effect and ligand noninnocence results in catalyst 3 acting via a different reaction mechanism. The variation in the turnover-limiting step and catalytic potentials of species 1-3 leads to their catalytic rates being independent of the overpotential, as evidenced by Eyring analysis. Overall, we demonstrate how ligand design may be utilized to retain good water oxidation activity at low overpotentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sharad V. Kumbhar
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Feng Tsai
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ching Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Qin Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wei Chiang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - I-Chung Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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2
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DeLucia AA, Olshansky L. Carboxylate Shift Dynamics in Biomimetic Co 2(μ-OH) 2 Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1109-1118. [PMID: 38170989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Carboxylate shift mechanisms provide low-energy pathways to accommodate changes in oxidation state and coordination number required during catalysis in metalloenzyme active sites. These processes are challenging to observe in their native enzymes and molecular models can provide insight into their mechanistic details. We report here the direct observation of a carboxylate shift reaction in biomimetic yet structurally stable dicobalt complexes featuring both monodentate and bridging acetate ligands, as well as intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions. Subjecting the series of complexes [Co2(μ-OH)2(μ-1,3-OAc)(κ-OAc)2(pyR)4]PF6 ([1R]PF6, OAc = acetate, pyR = pyridine with para-R substituents: OMe, H, or CN) to a Lewis acid triggers conversion of a monodentate acetate to a μ-1,3 bridging mode, forming [Co2(μ-OH)2(μ-1,3-OAc)2(pyR)4]2+ ([2R]2+). [2R]2+ is susceptible to solvent binding, affording [Co2(μ-OH)2(μ-1,3-OAc)(κ-OAc)(MeCN)(pyR)4]2+ ([3R]2+) in MeCN. These reaction products and intermediates were isolated and characterized in the solid state by isotopic labeling and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, as well as by X-ray diffraction. The kinetics of the formation and decay of [1R]+, [2R]2+, and [3R]2+ were also examined in situ by 1H-NMR spectroscopy to provide a kinetic model for the carboxylate shift reaction. The rate constants extracted from global fit analyses of these reactions increase with increasing electron donation from R. Leveraging robust diamagnetic CoIII complexes, these studies provide mechanistic details of carboxylate shift reactivity and highlight the utility of ligand dynamicity in mediating the transient formation of unstable metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A DeLucia
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3028, United States
| | - Lisa Olshansky
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3028, United States
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3
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Abaeva M, Ieritano C, Hopkins WS, Schipper DJ. Unsymmetrical Imidazopyrimidine-Based Ligand and Bimetallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1010-1019. [PMID: 38055895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
With bimetallic catalysts becoming increasingly important, the development of electronically and structurally diverse binucleating ligands is desired. This work describes the synthesis of unsymmetric ligand 2,7-di(pyridin-2-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine (dpip) that is achieved in four steps on a multigram scale in an overall 54% yield. The ability of dpip to act as a scaffold for the formation of bimetallic complexes is demonstrated with the one-step syntheses of the dicopper complex [Cu2(dpip)(μ-OH)(CF3COO)3] (4), the dipalladium complex [Pd2(dpip)(μ-OH)(CF3COO)2](CF3COO)·CF3COOH (5), and the dimeric dinickel complex [Ni4(dpip)2(μ-Cl)4Cl2MeOH6][2Cl] (6) in good yields (79-92%). All bimetallic complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography, which revealed metal-metal distances between 3.4821(9) and 4.106(2) Å. Additionally, quantum chemical calculations were conducted on complex 4 and an analogous 1,8-naphthyridine-based dicopper complex to investigate the differences between the imidazopyrimidine motif reported here and the widely used 1,8-naphthyridine motif. Natural bonding orbital (NBO) and Mayer bond order (MBO) analyses validated the ability of dpip to coordinate metals more strongly. Finally, NBO calculations quantified the differences in the binding energy between the two pockets of the unsymmetrical dpip ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Abaeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Christian Ieritano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
| | - W Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Watermine Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
| | - Derek J Schipper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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4
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Hsu WC, Zeng WQ, Lu IC, Yang T, Wang YH. Dinuclear Cobalt Complexes for Homogeneous Water Oxidation: Tuning Rate and Overpotential through the Non-Innocent Ligand. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201317. [PMID: 36083105 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dinuclear cobalt complexes (1 and 2) featuring bis(benzimidazole)pyrazolide-type ligands (H2 L and Me2 L) were prepared and evaluated as molecular electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Notably, 1 bearing a non-innocent ligand (H2 L) displayed faster catalytic turnover than 2 under alkaline conditions, and the base dependence of water oxidation and kinetic isotope effect analysis indicated that the reaction mediated by 1 proceeded by a different mechanism relative to 2. Spectroelectrochemical, cold-spray ionization mass spectrometric and computational studies found that double deprotonation of 1 under alkaline conditions cathodically shifted the catalysis-initiating potential and further altered the turnover-limiting step from nucleophilic water attack on (H2 L)CoIII 2 (superoxo) to deprotonation of (L)CoIII 2 (OH)2 . The rate-overpotential analysis and catalytic Tafel plots showed that 1 exhibited a significantly higher rate than previously reported Ru-based dinuclear electrocatalysts at similar overpotentials. These observations suggest that using non-innocent ligands is a valuable strategy for designing effective metal-based molecular water oxidation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Qin Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chung Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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5
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Haiduc I. Inverse coordination complexes with oxoanions as centroligands. A review of topologies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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Thierer LM, Brooks SH, Weberg AB, Cui P, Zhang S, Gau MR, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Tomson NC. Macrocycle-Induced Modulation of Internuclear Interactions in Homobimetallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6263-6280. [PMID: 35422117 PMCID: PMC9252315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic route has been developed for a series of 3d homobimetallic complexes of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu using three different pyridyldiimine and pyridyldialdimine macrocyclic ligands with ring sizes of 18, 20, and 22 atoms. Crystallographic analyses indicate that while the distances between the metals can be modulated by the size of the macrocycle pocket, the flexibility in the alkyl linkers used to construct the macrocycles enables the ligand to adjust the orientation of the PD(A)I fragments in response to the geometry of the [M2(μ-Cl)2]2+ core, particularly with respect to Jahn-Teller distortions. Analyses by UV-vis spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry revealed deviations in the properties [M2(μ-Cl)2]2+-containing complexes bound by standard mononucleating ligands, highlighting the ability of macrocycles to use ring size to control the magnetic interactions of pseudo-octahedral, high-spin metal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Thierer
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sam H. Brooks
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alexander B. Weberg
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Peng Cui
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Brian C. Manor
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Neil C. Tomson
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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7
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Hsu WC, Wang YH. Homogeneous Water Oxidation Catalyzed by First-Row Transition Metal Complexes: Unveiling the Relationship between Turnover Frequency and Reaction Overpotential. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102378. [PMID: 34881515 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of earth-abundant low-toxicity metal ions in the construction of highly active and efficient molecular catalysts promoting the water oxidation reaction is important for developing a sustainable artificial energy cycle. However, the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the currently available molecular water oxidation catalysts (MWOCs) have not been comprehensively investigated. This Review summarizes the current status of MWOCs based on first-row transition metals in terms of their turnover frequency (TOF, a kinetic property) and overpotential (η, a thermodynamic property) and uses the relationship between log(TOF) and η to assess catalytic performance. Furthermore, the effects of the same ligand classes on these MWOCs are discussed in terms of TOF and η, and vice versa. The collective analysis of these relationships provides a metric for the direct comparison of catalyst systems and identifying factors crucial for catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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8
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Misawa-Suzuki T, Ikeda R, Komatsu R, Toriba R, Miyamoto R, Nagao H. Geometry and Electronic Structures of Cobalt(II) and Iron(III) Complexes Bearing Bis(2-pyridylmethyl)ether or Alkylbis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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DeLucia AA, Kelly KA, Herrera KA, Gray DL, Olshansky L. Intramolecular Hydrogen-Bond Interactions Tune Reactivity in Biomimetic Bis(μ-hydroxo)dicobalt Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15599-15609. [PMID: 34606250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Active site hydrogen-bond (H-bond) networks represent a key component by which metalloenzymes control the formation and deployment of high-valent transition metal-oxo intermediates. We report a series of dinuclear cobalt complexes that serve as structural models for the nonheme diiron enzyme family and feature a Co2(μ-OH)2 diamond core stabilized by intramolecular H-bond interactions. We define the conditions required for the kinetically controlled synthesis of these complexes: [Co2(μ-OH)2(μ-OAc)(κ1-OAc)2(pyR)4][PF6] (1R), where OAc = acetate and pyR = pyridine with para-substituent R, and we describe a homologous series of 1R in which the para-R substituent on pyridine is modulated. The solid state X-ray diffraction (XRD) structures of 1R are similar across the series, but in solution, their 1H NMR spectra reveal a linear free energy relationship (LFER) where, as R becomes increasingly electron-withdrawing, the intramolecular H-bond interaction between bridging μ-OH and κ1-acetate ligands results in increasingly "oxo-like" μ-OH bridges. Deprotonation of the bridging μ-OH results in the quantitative conversion to corresponding cubane complexes: [Co4(μ-O)4(μ3-OAc)4(pyR)4] (2R), which represent the thermodynamic sink of self-assembly. These reactions are unusually slow for rate-limiting deprotonation events, but rapid-mixing experiments reveal a 6000-fold rate acceleration on going from R = OMe to R = CN. These results suggest that we can tune reactivity by modulating the μ-OH pKa in the presence of intramolecular H-bond interactions to maintain stability as the octahedral d6 centers become increasingly acidic. Nature may similarly employ dynamic carboxylate-mediated H-bond interactions to control the reactivity of acidic transition metal-oxo intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A DeLucia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kimberly A Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kevin A Herrera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Danielle L Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lisa Olshansky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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10
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Stevens MA, Hall PD, Colebatch AL. Monometallic and Multimetallic Zinc Complexes of 2,7-Bis(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of zinc complexes of 2,7-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine (BPNP) has been synthesised and characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction and solution state NMR spectroscopic studies. Reactions of BPNP with zinc acetate and zinc chloride were found to give mononuclear complexes of the form [Zn(BPNP)X2] (X = OAc, Cl), whereas reactions with zinc triflate led to a mixture of products. Several of these were identified crystallographically as [Zn(BPNP-H)(H2O)4](OTf)3 and [Zn(BPNP-H)(NCMe)(OTf)2]OTf, in which protonation of one pyridyl group occurred, and the dimeric species [Zn2(BPNP)4(μ-H2O)2](OTf)4. A trimetallic complex [Zn3(μ2-BPNP)(μ2-OAc)3(OAc)2(μ3-OH)] was also isolated from reactions involving zinc acetate, and demonstrates the ability of BPNP to coordinate two zinc atoms in the adjacent binding pockets.
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11
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Fan G, Wasuwanich P, Furst AL. Biohybrid Systems for Improved Bioinspired, Energy-Relevant Catalysis. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2353-2367. [PMID: 33594779 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic catalysts, ranging from small-molecule metal complexes to supramolecular assembles, possess many exciting properties that could address salient challenges in industrial-scale manufacturing. Inspired by natural enzymes, these biohybrid catalytic systems demonstrate superior characteristics, including high activity, enantioselectivity, and enhanced aqueous solubility, over their fully synthetic counterparts. However, instability and limitations in the prediction of structure-function relationships are major drawbacks that often prevent the application of biomimetic catalysts outside of the laboratory. Despite these obstacles, recent advances in synthetic enzyme models have improved our understanding of complicated biological enzymatic processes and enabled the production of catalysts with increased efficiency. This review outlines important developments and future prospects for the design and application of bioinspired and biohybrid systems at multiple length scales for important, biologically relevant, clean energy transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Pris Wasuwanich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ariel L Furst
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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12
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Nicolay A, Héron J, Shin C, Kuramarohit S, Ziegler MS, Balcells D, Tilley TD. Unsymmetrical Naphthyridine-Based Dicopper(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Stability, and Carbon–Hydrogen Bond Activations. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Nicolay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Julie Héron
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Chungkeun Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Serene Kuramarohit
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Micah S. Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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13
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Desnoyer AN, Nicolay A, Ziegler MS, Lakshmi KV, Cundari TR, Tilley TD. A Dicopper Nitrenoid by Oxidation of a Cu ICu I Core: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7135-7143. [PMID: 33877827 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A dicopper nitrenoid complex was prepared by formal oxidative addition of the nitrenoid fragment to a dicopper(I) center by reaction with the iminoiodinane PhINTs (Ts = tosylate). This nitrenoid complex, (DPFN)Cu2(μ-NTs)[NTf2]2 (DPFN = 2,7-bis(fluorodi(2-pyridyl)methyl)-1,8-naphthyridine), is a powerful H atom abstractor that reacts with a range of strong C-H bonds to form a mixed-valence Cu(I)/Cu(II) μ-NHTs amido complex in the first example of a clean H atom transfer to a dicopper nitrenoid core. In line with this reactivity, DFT calculations reveal that the nitrenoid is best described as an iminyl (NR radical anion) complex. The nitrenoid was trapped by the addition of water to form a mixed-donor hydroxo/amido dicopper(II) complex, which was independently obtained by reaction of a Cu2(μ-OH)2 complex with an amine through a protonolysis pathway. This mixed-donor complex is an analogue for the proposed intermediate in copper-catalyzed Chan-Evans-Lam coupling, which proceeds via C-X (X = N or O) bond formation. Treatment of the dicopper(II) mixed donor complex with MgPh2(THF)2 resulted in generation of a mixture that includes both phenol and a previously reported dicopper(I) bridging phenyl complex, illustrating that both reduction of dicopper(II) to dicopper(I) and concomitant C-X bond formation are feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addison N Desnoyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Amélie Nicolay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Micah S Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - K V Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch '60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy, Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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14
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Ruan G, Engelberg L, Ghosh P, Maayan G. A unique Co(iii)-peptoid as a fast electrocatalyst for homogeneous water oxidation with low overpotential. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:939-942. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06912d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A peptoid trimer incorporating terpyridine and ethanol forms an intermolecular cobalt(iii) complex, which performs as a soluble electrocatalyst for water oxidation with a minimal overpotential of 350 mV and a high turnover frequency of 108 s−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Ruan
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Lee Engelberg
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Pritam Ghosh
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
| | - Galia Maayan
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa
- Israel
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15
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Gutiérrez-Tarriño S, Olloqui-Sariego JL, Calvente JJ, Espallargas GM, Rey F, Corma A, Oña-Burgos P. Cobalt Metal-Organic Framework Based on Layered Double Nanosheets for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation in Neutral Media. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19198-19208. [PMID: 33125226 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A new cobalt metal-organic framework (2D-Co-MOF) based on well-defined layered double cores that are strongly connected by intermolecular bonds has been developed. Its 3D structure is held together by π-π stacking interactions between the labile pyridine ligands of the nanosheets. In aqueous solution, the axial pyridine ligands are exchanged by water molecules, producing a delamination of the material, where the individual double nanosheets preserve their structure. The original 3D layered structure can be restored by a solvothermal process with pyridine, so that the material shows a "memory effect" during the delamination-pillarization process. Electrochemical activation of a 2D-Co-MOF@Nafion-modified graphite electrode in aqueous solution improves the ionic migration and electron transfer across the film and promotes the formation of the electrocatalytically active cobalt species for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The so-activated 2D-Co-MOF@Nafion composite exhibits an outstanding electrocatalytic performance for the OER at neutral pH, with a TOF value (0.034 s-1 at an overpotential of 400 mV) and robustness superior to those reported for similar electrocatalysts under similar conditions. The particular topology of the delaminated nanosheets, with quite distant cobalt centers, precludes the direct coupling between the electrocatalytically active centers of the same sheet. On the other hand, the increase in ionic migration across the film during the electrochemical activation stage rules out the intersheet coupling between active cobalt centers, as this scenario would impair electrolyte permeation. Altogether, the most plausible mechanism for the O-O bond formation is the water nucleophilic attack to single Co(IV)-oxo or Co(III)-oxyl centers. Its high electrochemical efficiency suggests that the presence of nitrogen-containing aromatic equatorial ligands facilitates the water nucleophilic attack, as in the case of the highly efficient cobalt porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gutiérrez-Tarriño
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis Olloqui-Sariego
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Sevilla. Profesor García González 1. 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan José Calvente
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Sevilla. Profesor García González 1. 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Fernando Rey
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Química y Física, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
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16
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Desnoyer AN, Nicolay A, Rios P, Ziegler MS, Tilley TD. Bimetallics in a Nutshell: Complexes Supported by Chelating Naphthyridine-Based Ligands. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1944-1956. [PMID: 32878429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bimetallic motifs are a structural feature common to some of the most effective and synthetically useful catalysts known, including in the active sites of many metalloenzymes and on the surfaces of industrially relevant heterogeneous materials. However, the complexity of these systems often hampers detailed studies of their fundamental properties. To glean valuable mechanistic insight into how these catalysts function, this research group has prepared a family of dinucleating 1,8-naphthyridine ligands that bind two first-row transition metals in close proximity, originally designed to help mimic the proposed active site of metal oxide surfaces. Of the various bimetallic combinations examined, dicopper(I) is particularly versatile, as neutral bridging ligands adopt a variety of different binding modes depending on the configuration of frontier orbitals available to interact with the Cu centers. Organodicopper complexes are readily accessible, either through the traditional route of salt metathesis or via the activation of tetraarylborate anions through aryl group abstraction by a dicopper(I) unit. The resulting bridging aryl complexes engage in C-H bond activations, notably with terminal alkynes to afford bridging alkynyl species. The μ-hydrocarbyl complexes are surprisingly tolerant of water and elevated temperatures. This stability was leveraged to isolate a species that typically represents a fleeting intermediate in Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne coupling (CuAAC); reaction of a bridging alkynyl complex with an organic azide afforded the first example of a well-defined, symmetrically bridged dicopper triazolide. This complex was shown to be an intermediate during CuAAC, providing support for a proposed bimetallic mechanism. These platforms are not limited to formally low oxidation states; chemical oxidation of the hydrocarbyl complexes cleanly results in formation of mixed valence CuICuII complexes with varying degrees of distortion in both the bridging moiety and the dicopper core. Higher oxidation states, e.g., dicopper(II), are easily accessed via oxidation of a dicopper(I) compound with air to give a CuII2(μ-OH)2 complex. Reduction of this compound with silanes resulted in the unexpected formation of pentametallic copper(I) dihydride clusters or trimetallic monohydride complexes, depending on the nature of the silane. Finally, development of an unsymmetrical naphthyridine ligand with mixed donor side-arms enables selective synthesis of an isostructural series of six heterobimetallic complexes, demonstrating the power of ligand design in the preparation of heterometallic assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addison N. Desnoyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Amélie Nicolay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Pablo Rios
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Micah S. Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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17
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Gutiérrez-Tarriño S, Olloqui-Sariego JL, Calvente JJ, Palomino M, Mínguez Espallargas G, Jordá JL, Rey F, Oña-Burgos P. Cobalt Metal-Organic Framework Based on Two Dinuclear Secondary Building Units for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46658-46665. [PMID: 31752488 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new microporous metal-organic framework (MOF) based on two secondary building units, with dinuclear cobalt centers, has been developed. The employment of a well-defined cobalt cluster results in an unusual topology of the Co2-MOF, where one of the cobalt centers has three open coordination positions, which has no precedent in MOF materials based on cobalt. Adsorption isotherms have revealed that Co2-MOF is in the range of best CO2 adsorbents among the carbon materials, with very high CO2/CH4 selectivity. On the other hand, dispersion of Co2-MOF in an alcoholic solution of Nafion gives rise to a composite (Co2-MOF@Nafion) with great resistance to hydrolysis in aqueous media and good adherence to graphite electrodes. In fact, it exhibits high electrocatalytic activity and robustness for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with a turnover frequency number value superior to those reported for similar electrocatalysts. Overall, this work has provided the basis for the rational design of new cobalt OER catalysts and related materials employing well-defined metal clusters as directing agents of the MOF structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gutiérrez-Tarriño
- Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC) , Avda. de los Naranjos, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - José Luis Olloqui-Sariego
- Departamento de Química Física , Universidad de Sevilla , Profesor García González, 1 , 41012 Sevilla , Spain
| | - Juan José Calvente
- Departamento de Química Física , Universidad de Sevilla , Profesor García González, 1 , 41012 Sevilla , Spain
| | - Miguel Palomino
- Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC) , Avda. de los Naranjos, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) , Universidad de Valencia , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain
| | - José L Jordá
- Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC) , Avda. de los Naranjos, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Fernando Rey
- Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC) , Avda. de los Naranjos, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC) , Avda. de los Naranjos, s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
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18
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Isaac JA, Thibon-Pourret A, Durand A, Philouze C, Le Poul N, Belle C. High-valence CuIICuIII species in action: demonstration of aliphatic C–H bond activation at room temperature. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12711-12714. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04422a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemically generated CuIICuIII mixed-valence species promotes activation of strong aliphatic C–H bonds (i.e. toluene), turning from stoichiometric to catalytic upon addition of a base.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amélie Durand
- Université Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- ICMG
- 38000 Grenoble
- France
| | | | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale
- CNRS UMR 6521
- 29238 Brest
- France
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19
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Brodsky CN, Passard G, Ullman AM, Jaramillo DE, Bloch ED, Huynh M, Gygi D, Costentin C, Nocera DG. Oxygen activation at a dicobalt centre of a dipyridylethane naphthyridine complex. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11903-11908. [PMID: 29942938 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01598h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of oxygen activation at a dicobalt bis-μ-hydroxo core is probed by the implementation of synthetic methods to isolate reaction intermediates. Reduction of a dicobalt(iii,iii) core ligated by the polypyridyl ligand dipyridylethane naphthyridine (DPEN) by two electrons and subsequent protonation result in the release of one water moiety to furnish a dicobalt(ii,ii) center with an open binding site. This reduced core may be independently isolated by chemical reduction. Variable-temperature 1H NMR and SQUID magnetometry reveal the reduced dicobalt(ii,ii) intermediate to consist of two low spin Co(ii) centers coupled antiferromagnetically. Binding of O2 to the open coordination site of the dicobalt(ii,ii) core results in the production of an oxygen adduct, which is proposed to be a dicobalt(iii,iii) peroxo. Electrochemical studies show that the addition of two electrons results in cleavage of the O-O bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey N Brodsky
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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20
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Nicolay A, Tilley TD. Selective Synthesis of a Series of Isostructural M II Cu I Heterobimetallic Complexes Spontaneously Assembled by an Unsymmetrical Naphthyridine-Based Ligand. Chemistry 2018; 24:10329-10333. [PMID: 29852541 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal-metal cooperation is integral to the function of many enzymes and materials, and model complexes hold enormous potential for providing insights into the capabilities of analogous multimetallic cores. However, the selective synthesis of heterobimetallic complexes still presents a significant challenge, especially for systems that hold the metals in close proximity and feature open or reactive coordination sites for both metals. To address this issue, a rigid, naphthyridine-based dinucleating ligand featuring distinct binding environments was synthesized. This ligand enables the selective synthesis of a series of MII CuI bimetallic complexes (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), in which each metal center exclusively occupies its preferred binding pocket, from simple chloride salts. The precision of this selectivity is evident from cyclic voltammetry, ESI-MS and anomalous X-ray diffraction measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Nicolay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1460, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
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21
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Song F, Moré R, Schilling M, Smolentsev G, Azzaroli N, Fox T, Luber S, Patzke GR. {Co4O4} and {CoxNi4–xO4} Cubane Water Oxidation Catalysts as Surface Cut-Outs of Cobalt Oxides. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14198-14208. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Moré
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Schilling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta R. Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Nguyen AI, Wang J, Levine DS, Ziegler MS, Tilley TD. Synthetic control and empirical prediction of redox potentials for Co 4O 4 cubanes over a 1.4 V range: implications for catalyst design and evaluation of high-valent intermediates in water oxidation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4274-4284. [PMID: 29081963 PMCID: PMC5635813 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00627f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxo-cobalt cubane unit [Co4O4] is of interest as a homogeneous oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) catalyst, and as a functional mimic of heterogeneous cobalt oxide OER catalysts. The synthesis of several new cubanes allows evaluation of redox potentials for the [Co4O4] cluster, which are highly sensitive to the ligand environment and span a remarkable range of 1.42 V. The [CoIII4O4]4+/[CoIII3CoIVO4]5+ and [CoIII3CoIVO4]5+/[CoIII2CoIV2O4]6+ redox potentials are reliably predicted by the pKas of the ligands. Hydrogen bonding is also shown to significantly raise the redox potentials, by ∼500 mV. The potential-pKa correlation is used to evaluate the feasibility of various proposed OER catalytic intermediates, including high-valent Co-oxo species. The synthetic methods and structure-reactivity relationships developed by these studies should better guide the design of new cubane-based OER catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy I Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720-1460 , USA .
- Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720-1460 , USA .
| | - Daniel S Levine
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720-1460 , USA .
| | - Micah S Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720-1460 , USA .
- Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720-1460 , USA .
- Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA
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23
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Muñoz-Becerra K, Aravena D, Ruiz E, Spodine E, Soto-Donoso N, Paredes-García V, Venegas-Yazigi D. Models to predict the magnetic properties of single- and multiple-bridged phosphate CuII systems: a theoretical DFT insight. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qi00394j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Models for the 1,1 and 1,3-bridging modes of phosphate for copper(ii) compounds were developed. Using unrestricted corresponding orbitals (UCO), a graphical identification of the predominant exchange pathway was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Muñoz-Becerra
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - D. Aravena
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología
| | - E. Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional
- Universitat de Barcelona
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - E. Spodine
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología
- Santiago
- Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad de Chile
| | - N. Soto-Donoso
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología
| | - V. Paredes-García
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - D. Venegas-Yazigi
- Facultad de Química y Biología
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología
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24
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An artificial photosynthetic system containing an inorganic semiconductor and a molecular catalyst for photocatalytic water oxidation. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Ziegler MS, Levine DS, Lakshmi KV, Tilley TD. Aryl Group Transfer from Tetraarylborato Anions to an Electrophilic Dicopper(I) Center and Mixed-Valence μ-Aryl Dicopper(I,II) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6484-91. [PMID: 27176131 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of discrete, cationic binuclear μ-aryl dicopper complexes [Cu2(μ-η(1):η(1)-Ar)DPFN]X (Ar = C6H5, 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3, and C6F5; DPFN = 2,7-bis(fluoro-di(2-pyridyl)methyl)-1,8-naphthyridine; X = BAr4(-) and NTf2(-); Tf = SO2CF3) was achieved by treatment of a dicopper complex [Cu2(μ-η(1):η(1)-NCCH3)DPFN]X2 (X = PF6(-) and NTf2(-)) with tetraarylborates. Structural characterization revealed symmetrically bridging aryl groups, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy evidenced the same structure in solution at 24 °C. Electrochemical investigation of the resulting arylcopper complexes uncovered reversible redox events that led to the synthesis and isolation of a rare mixed-valence organocopper complex [Cu2(μ-η(1):η(1)-Ph)DPFN](NTf2)2 in high yield. The solid-state structure of the mixed-valence μ-phenyl complex exhibits inequivalent copper centers, despite a short Cu···Cu distance. Electronic and variable-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the mixed-valence μ-phenyl complex suggest that the degree of spin localization is temperature-dependent, with a high degree of spin localization observed at lower temperatures. Electronic structure calculations agree with the experimental results and suggest that the spin is localized almost entirely on one metal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah S Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel S Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - K V Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch '60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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26
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Davenport TC, Tilley TD. Dinuclear first-row transition metal complexes with a naphthyridine-based dinucleating ligand. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:12244-55. [PMID: 25420206 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02727b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of dinuclear and tetranuclear first-row transition metal complexes were synthesized with the dinucleating ligand 2,7-bis(di(2-pyridyl)fluoromethyl)-1,8-naphthyridine (DPFN). The coordination pocket and rigidity of the DPFN ligand enforces pseudo-octahedral geometries about the metal centers that contain chloro, hydroxo, and aqua bridging ligands forming a "diamond" shaped configuration with metal-metal distances varying from 2.7826(5) to 3.2410(11) Å. Each metal center in the dinuclear complexes has an additional open coordination site that accommodates terminal ligands in a syn geometry of particular interest in catalyst design. The complexes are characterized by electronic spectroscopy, electrochemistry and potentiometric titration methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Davenport
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
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27
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Ullman AM, Brodsky CN, Li N, Zheng SL, Nocera DG. Probing Edge Site Reactivity of Oxidic Cobalt Water Oxidation Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4229-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Ullman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Casey N. Brodsky
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Nancy Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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28
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Passard G, Ullman AM, Brodsky CN, Nocera DG. Oxygen Reduction Catalysis at a Dicobalt Center: The Relationship of Faradaic Efficiency to Overpotential. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2925-8. [PMID: 26876226 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The selective four electron, four proton, electrochemical reduction of O2 to H2O in the presence of a strong acid (TFA) is catalyzed at a dicobalt center. The faradaic efficiency of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is furnished from a systematic electrochemical study by using rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) methods over a wide potential range. We derive a thermodynamic cycle that gives access to the standard potential of O2 reduction to H2O in organic solvents, taking into account the presence of an exogenous proton donor. The difference in ORR selectivity for H2O vs H2O2 depends on the thermodynamic standard potential as dictated by the pKa of the proton donor. The model is general and rationalizes the faradaic efficiencies reported for many ORR catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Passard
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Andrew M Ullman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Casey N Brodsky
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel G Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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29
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Ishizuka T, Watanabe A, Kotani H, Hong D, Satonaka K, Wada T, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Ohara K, Yamaguchi K, Kato S, Fukuzumi S, Kojima T. Homogeneous Photocatalytic Water Oxidation with a Dinuclear CoIII–Pyridylmethylamine Complex. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1154-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Atsuko Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Dachao Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Kenta Satonaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Tohru Wada
- Department of Chemistry,
College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials
Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries, Kyoto University, Nishi-ku, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ohara
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Science at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Science at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, and ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, and ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tempaku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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Smith PF, Hunt L, Laursen AB, Sagar V, Kaushik S, Calvinho KUD, Marotta G, Mosconi E, De Angelis F, Dismukes GC. Water Oxidation by the [Co4O4(OAc)4(py)4]+ Cubium is Initiated by OH– Addition. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15460-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul F. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Liam Hunt
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Anders B. Laursen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Viral Sagar
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Shivam Kaushik
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Karin U. D. Calvinho
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Gabriele Marotta
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM-CNR), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM-CNR), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational
Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM-CNR), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - G. Charles Dismukes
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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31
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Nguyen AI, Ziegler MS, Oña-Burgos P, Sturzbecher-Hohne M, Kim W, Bellone DE, Tilley TD. Mechanistic Investigations of Water Oxidation by a Molecular Cobalt Oxide Analogue: Evidence for a Highly Oxidized Intermediate and Exclusive Terminal Oxo Participation. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12865-72. [PMID: 26390993 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis (AP) promises to replace society's dependence on fossil energy resources via conversion of sunlight into sustainable, carbon-neutral fuels. However, large-scale AP implementation remains impeded by a dearth of cheap, efficient catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Cobalt oxide materials can catalyze the OER and are potentially scalable due to the abundance of cobalt in the Earth's crust; unfortunately, the activity of these materials is insufficient for practical AP implementation. Attempts to improve cobalt oxide's activity have been stymied by limited mechanistic understanding that stems from the inherent difficulty of characterizing structure and reactivity at surfaces of heterogeneous materials. While previous studies on cobalt oxide revealed the intermediacy of the unusual Co(IV) oxidation state, much remains unknown, including whether bridging or terminal oxo ligands form O2 and what the relevant oxidation states are. We have addressed these issues by employing a homogeneous model for cobalt oxide, the [Co(III)4] cubane (Co4O4(OAc)4py4, py = pyridine, OAc = acetate), that can be oxidized to the [Co(IV)Co(III)3] state. Upon addition of 1 equiv of sodium hydroxide, the [Co(III)4] cubane is regenerated with stoichiometric formation of O2. Oxygen isotopic labeling experiments demonstrate that the cubane core remains intact during this stoichiometric OER, implying that terminal oxo ligands are responsible for forming O2. The OER is also examined with stopped-flow UV-visible spectroscopy, and its kinetic behavior is modeled, to surprisingly reveal that O2 formation requires disproportionation of the [Co(IV)Co(III)3] state to generate an even higher oxidation state, formally [Co(V)Co(III)3] or [Co(IV)2Co(III)2]. The mechanistic understanding provided by these results should accelerate the development of OER catalysts leading to increasingly efficient AP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy I Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Micah S Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almería , Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Manuel Sturzbecher-Hohne
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wooyul Kim
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Donatela E Bellone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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32
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Evangelisti F, Moré R, Hodel F, Luber S, Patzke GR. 3d–4f {CoII3Ln(OR)4} Cubanes as Bio-Inspired Water Oxidation Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11076-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Evangelisti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Moré
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Hodel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta Ricarda Patzke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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33
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34
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Laine TM, Kärkäs MD, Liao RZ, Siegbahn PEM, Åkermark B. A Dinuclear Ruthenium-Based Water Oxidation Catalyst: Use of Non-Innocent Ligand Frameworks for Promoting Multi-Electron Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:10039-48. [PMID: 25925847 PMCID: PMC4517172 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insight into how H2 O is oxidized to O2 is envisioned to facilitate the rational design of artificial water oxidation catalysts, which is a vital component in solar-to-fuel conversion schemes. Herein, we report on the mechanistic features associated with a dinuclear Ru-based water oxidation catalyst. The catalytic action of the designed Ru complex was studied by the combined use of high-resolution mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, and quantum chemical calculations. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the designed ligand scaffold in Ru complex 1 has a non-innocent behavior, in which metal-ligand cooperation is an important part during the four-electron oxidation of H2 O. This feature is vital for the observed catalytic efficiency and highlights that the preparation of catalysts housing non-innocent molecular frameworks could be a general strategy for accessing efficient catalysts for activation of H2 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja M Laine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Markus D Kärkäs
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 (P.R. China).
| | - Per E M Siegbahn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
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Gupta SK, Kuppuswamy S, Walsh JPS, McInnes EJL, Murugavel R. Discrete and polymeric cobalt organophosphates: isolation of a 3-D cobalt phosphate framework exhibiting selective CO2 capture. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5587-601. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03379e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Auxiliary ligand assisted control over the structural diversity has been achieved in the case of cobalt(ii) organophosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400 076
- India
| | | | - James P. S. Walsh
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Eric J. L. McInnes
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400 076
- India
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36
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Tirfoin R, Chamoreau LM, Li Y, Fleury B, Lisnard L, Journaux Y. Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of phenylhydroxamate-based coordination clusters. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:16805-17. [PMID: 25287754 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02405b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The strategic recombination of preformed coordination clusters in the presence of polymodal bridging ligands has successfully led to the characterisation of five new compounds of structural and magnetic interest. Indeed using the dinuclear complex [M2(H2O)(piv)4(Hpiv)4] (M = Co, Ni; Hpiv = pivalic acid) as starting material and reacting it with phenylhydroxamic acid (H2pha) has yielded the four tetrametallic coordination clusters [Co4(Hpha)2(piv)6(Hpiv)4] (1), [Ni4(Hpha)2(piv)6(Hpiv)2(DMF)2] (2), [Co4(Hpha)2(piv)6(EtOH)2(H2O)2] (3), [Ni4(Hpha)2(piv)6(EtOH)2(H2O)2] (4) and the hexanuclear complex [Co6(Hpha)4(piv)8(EtOH)2]·EtOH (5). All the compounds have been structurally characterised revealing a particular binding mode for the hydroxamate ligand. The study of their magnetic properties has been performed and the modelling of these properties has been done using the appropriate hamiltonians for each compound. The experimental data and their modelling show non-zero spin ground states for compounds 4 and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Tirfoin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France.
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