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Zarcone SR, Verardi PJ, Chu GM, Bhuvanesh N, Gladysz JA. Macrobicyclic Dibridgehead Di(trialkyl)pnictogens E((CH 2) n ) 3E (E/ n = As/10, As/12, As/14, Sb/14) and Their Cage-like Metal Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, and Homeomorphic Isomerizations. Organometallics 2024; 43:1285-1298. [PMID: 39364292 PMCID: PMC11449212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.4c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Photolyses of trans-Fe(CO)3(As((CH2) n )3As) (n = a, 10; b, 12; c, 14) in the presence of PMe3, or reactions of trans-[Fe(CO)2(NO)(As((CH2) n )3As)]+ BF4 - and n-Bu4N+ Cl-, afford the air stable title complexes As((CH2) n )3As (8a-c) in 79-34% yields. With 8a, the in, in and out, out isomers are separable and each is crystallographically characterized. With 8b,c, the isomers rapidly interconvert by homeomorphic isomerization, but each crystallizes (contrathermodynamically) as an out, out isomer. Reactions of 8c with H2O2 or 8b with BH3 give 8c·2O or 8b·2BH3, respectively (85-94%). Reactions of 8c with MCl2 (M = Pt, Pd, Ni), Rh(CO)(Cl), and Fe(CO)3 sources afford the corresponding cage-like complexes trans-ML n (As((CH2)14)3As) (86-51%). The crystal structures of 8c·2O and the PtCl2 and PdCl2 adducts are determined and compared to those of 8a-c and diphosphorus analogs. The corresponding distibine Sb((CH2)14)3Sb is analogously prepared, but precursors necessary for the bismuth analog could not be accessed due to the diminished BiR3 Lewis basicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Zarcone
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Peter J Verardi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Gong M Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - John A Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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Zarcone SR, Verardi PJ, Bhuvanesh N, Gladysz JA. A surprise landing on the terra incognita of macrocyclic dibridgehead diorganoarsines: syntheses, structures, and reactivities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8694-8697. [PMID: 35833414 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of trans-[Fe(CO)2(NO)(As((CH2)n)3As)]+ BF4- (n = 10, 12, 14) and Bu4N+ Cl- afford the title compounds As((CH2)n)3As, which upon reaction (n = 14) with MCl2 (M = Pt, Ni), Rh(CO)(Cl), and Fe(CO)3 sources reconstitute cage like complexes trans-MLn(As((CH2)14)3As). Reactions with H2O2 and BH3 give the corresponding arsine oxides and boranes. Crystal structures of metal-free species reveal out,out isomers, but cage complex formation is proposed to entail homeomorphic isomerization to in,in isomers with endo directed lone pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Zarcone
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Peter J Verardi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - John A Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
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Phan NM, Percástegui EG, Johnson DW. Dynamic Covalent Chemistry as a Facile Route to Unusual Main-Group Thiolate Assemblies and Disulfide Hoops and Cages. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1270-1282. [PMID: 32529751 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic Covalent Chemistry (DCC) - combining the robustness of covalent bonds with the self-correcting nature of supramolecular chemistry - facilitates the modular synthesis of complex molecular assemblies in high yields. Although numerous reactions form covalent bonds, only a small set of chemical transformations affect covalent bond formation reversibly under suitable conditions for DCC. Further progress in this area still requires the identification of dynamic motifs and greater insights into their reversibility. We have fruitfully employed DCC of both thiolate coordination to main-group elements and disulfide formation for the facile self-assembly of: (1) metal/metalloid-thiolate assemblies, and (2) purely organic cyclic and caged disulfides, thioethers, and even hydrocarbons, many of which have remained elusive by traditional stepwise synthesis yet form readily through our methods. In this Minireview, we highlight the approaches to prepare these unusual compounds and the factors inducing structural transformations or favoring the formation of certain products over others, given a set of external stimuli or reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Minh Phan
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253, USA
| | - Edmundo G Percástegui
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, México.,Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, C.P.50200, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253, USA
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Collins MS, Shear TA, Smith EK, Strain SM, Zakharov LN, Johnson DW. Self-Assembly of a Trithioorthoformate-Capped Cyclophane and Its Endohedral Inclusion of a Methine Group. Chemistry 2019; 25:13290-13293. [PMID: 31456286 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An unusual trithioorthoformate-capped cyclophane cage was assembled via antimony-activated iodine oxidation of thiols as confirmed by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The disulfide bridges can undergo desulfurization with hexamethylphosphorous triamide (HMPT) at ambient temperature to capture a trithioether cyclophane cage capped by the trithioorthoformate. In both cages a methine proton points directly into the small cavity. This unexpected structure is hypothesized to have formed as a result of haloform insertion during oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary S Collins
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Trevor A Shear
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Smith
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
| | - S Michael Strain
- CAMCOR-Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1443, USA
| | - Lev N Zakharov
- CAMCOR-Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1443, USA
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, USA
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Feng Z, Zeng T, Xuan J, Liu Y, Lu L, Xiao WJ. C–H allylation of N-aryl-tetrahydroisoquinolines by merging photoredox catalysis with iodide catalysis. Sci China Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cook TR, Stang PJ. Recent Developments in the Preparation and Chemistry of Metallacycles and Metallacages via Coordination. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7001-45. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5005666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1299] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Cook
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 359 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E. Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Collins MS, Choi RY, Zakharov LN, Watson LA, Hay BP, Johnson DW. Self-assembled trinuclear arsenic and antimony macrobicycles. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2444-2448. [PMID: 29308156 PMCID: PMC5646260 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc04042b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of six trinuclear Pn3L2 macrobicycles (Pn = As, Sb) was achieved by self-assembly of a pnictogen trichloride and a 2,4,6-trisubstituted-1,3,5-benzenetrimethanethiol ligand. 1H-NMR spectroscopy reveals self-assembly in 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is dynamic in solution producing two structural isomers. The symmetric and the asymmetric isomers (in which a single chloride ligand is cast in an opposing direction from other chlorides) of the As3L2 complexes exist in a ca. 2 : 1 distribution, whereas only the symmetric isomer is observed in solution for Sb3L2. Solvent effects appear to influence conformational isomerism and conversion to the final products. Macrobicycles were confirmed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography and further studied by MP2/LANL2DZ optimizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary S Collins
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon , USA 97403-1253 . ; ; Tel: +1-541-346-1695
| | - Robert Y Choi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon , USA 97403-1253 . ; ; Tel: +1-541-346-1695
| | - Lev N Zakharov
- CAMCOR - Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon , University of Oregon , Eugene , OR 97403-1443 , USA
| | - Lori A Watson
- Department of Chemistry , Earlham College , Richmond , IN 47374-4095 , USA
| | - Benjamin P Hay
- Supramolecular Design Institute , Oak Ridge , TN 37830-7185 , USA
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon , USA 97403-1253 . ; ; Tel: +1-541-346-1695
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