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Abstract
Nitroxides, also known as nitroxyl radicals, are long-lived or stable radicals with the general structure R1R2N-O•. The spin distribution over the nitroxide N and O atoms contributes to the thermodynamic stability of these radicals. The presence of bulky N-substituents R1 and R2 prevents nitroxide radical dimerization, ensuring their kinetic stability. Despite their reactivity toward various transient C radicals, some nitroxides can be easily stored under air at room temperature. Furthermore, nitroxides can be oxidized to oxoammonium salts (R1R2N═O+) or reduced to anions (R1R2N-O-), enabling them to act as valuable oxidants or reductants depending on their oxidation state. Therefore, they exhibit interesting reactivity across all three oxidation states. Due to these fascinating properties, nitroxides find extensive applications in diverse fields such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, materials science, and organic synthesis. This review focuses on the versatile applications of nitroxides in organic synthesis. For their use in other important fields, we will refer to several review articles. The introductory part provides a brief overview of the history of nitroxide chemistry. Subsequently, the key methods for preparing nitroxides are discussed, followed by an examination of their structural diversity and physical properties. The main portion of this review is dedicated to oxidation reactions, wherein parent nitroxides or their corresponding oxoammonium salts serve as active species. It will be demonstrated that various functional groups (such as alcohols, amines, enolates, and alkanes among others) can be efficiently oxidized. These oxidations can be carried out using nitroxides as catalysts in combination with various stoichiometric terminal oxidants. By reducing nitroxides to their corresponding anions, they become effective reducing reagents with intriguing applications in organic synthesis. Nitroxides possess the ability to selectively react with transient radicals, making them useful for terminating radical cascade reactions by forming alkoxyamines. Depending on their structure, alkoxyamines exhibit weak C-O bonds, allowing for the thermal generation of C radicals through reversible C-O bond cleavage. Such thermally generated C radicals can participate in various radical transformations, as discussed toward the end of this review. Furthermore, the application of this strategy in natural product synthesis will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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2
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Zhu WJ, Yu X, Liu HY, Liu Y, Zhao JB, Zhang PF, Xia CC, Li FR. Synthesis of ( E)-2-(1-(methoxyimino)ethyl)-2-phenylbenzofuran-3(2 H)-ones from ( E)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)ethan-1-one O-methyl oximes and iodobenzenes via a palladium-catalyzed dearomative arylation/oxidation reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6307-6311. [PMID: 37492010 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00772c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
A new method has been successfully developed that offers a facile and reliable approach for synthesizing (E)-2-(1-(methoxyimino)ethyl)-2-phenylbenzofuran-3(2H)-one, providing 28 compounds. This optimized process enables efficient preparation of a wide range of compounds using readily available (E)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)ethan-1-one O-methyl oxime and iodobenzene, and provides alternative ideas for the structural modification of benzofuran ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
| | - Jin-Bo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Cheng-Cai Xia
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- School of Pharmacy College, Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China.
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3
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Nair SR, Baire B. Recent Dearomatization Strategies of Benzofurans and Benzothiophenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sindoori R. Nair
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Beeraiah Baire
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
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4
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Adib M, Rajai-Daryasarei S, Pashazadeh R, Mahdavi M, Madadi M, Jahani M. Regio- and Diastereoselective KMnO 4
/RCO 2
H Mediated Acyloxyarylation of Chalcones - An Indirect α-Arylation of Chalcones. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Adib
- School of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Tehran; PO Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran
| | - Saideh Rajai-Daryasarei
- School of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Tehran; PO Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran
| | - Rahim Pashazadeh
- School of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Tehran; PO Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center; Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Madadi
- School of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Tehran; PO Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Jahani
- School of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Tehran; PO Box 14155-6455 Tehran Iran
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5
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Feng J, Wang S, Feng J, Li Q, Yue J, Yue G, Zou P, Wang G. Mild and efficient synthesis of trans-3-aryl-2-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans on water. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A protocol to prepare trans-3-aryl-2-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans has been developed on water. The protocol avoids the use of toxic solvents, tedious work-up procedures, and chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Feng
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Jinxiang Feng
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuju Li
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Junping Yue
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Guizhou Yue
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Ping Zou
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Guangtu Wang
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
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6
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Perego LA, Wagschal S, Grüber R, Fleurat‐Lessard P, El Kaïm L, Grimaud L. From Benzofurans to Indoles: Palladium‐Catalyzed Reductive Ring‐Opening and Closure
via
β‐Phenoxide Elimination. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca A. Perego
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL UniversitySorbonne Université, CNRS 75005 Paris France
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie ParisCNRS-Chimie ParisTech, UMR 8247 11 rue P. et M. Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Simon Wagschal
- Laboratoire LSO ENSTA-Polytechnique-CNRS, UMR 7652Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau France
- current address: Discovery, Product Development and SupplyJanssen Pharmaceutica Hochstrasse 201 8200 Schaffhausen Switzerland
| | - Raymond Grüber
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182 46 Allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon France
- Institut Francilien des Sciences AppliquéesUniversité Paris-Est, UPEM 5 boulevard Descartes 77454 Champs-sur-Marne Cedex 02 France
| | - Paul Fleurat‐Lessard
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Université Lyon 1Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182 46 Allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, UMR-CNRS 6302Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté 9 Avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon France
| | - Laurent El Kaïm
- Laboratoire LSO ENSTA-Polytechnique-CNRS, UMR 7652Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Laurence Grimaud
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL UniversitySorbonne Université, CNRS 75005 Paris France
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7
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Liang RX, Wang K, Song LJ, Sheng WJ, Jia YX. Synthesis of tetracyclic indolin-3-ones through Pd-catalyzed intramolecular deacetylative dearomatization of 3-acetoxy-indoles. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13959-13967. [PMID: 35519305 PMCID: PMC9064017 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02569c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient palladium-catalyzed intramolecular deacetylative dearomatization reaction of 3-acetoxyindoles has been developed. A range of tetracyclic indolin-3-ones bearing C2-quaternary stereocenters are achieved in good yields, showing a wide substrate scope for this reaction. A preliminary enantioselective reaction is established to furnish the product in 63% ee by using (R,R,R)-phosphoramide-PE as a chiral ligand. An efficient palladium-catalyzed intramolecular deacetylative dearomatization reaction of 3-acetoxyindoles is disclosed, affording tetracyclic indolin-3-ones bearing C2-quaternary stereocenters in good yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Xiao Liang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Ling-Jie Song
- College of Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Wei-Jian Sheng
- College of Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Yi-Xia Jia
- College of Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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8
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Zhang H, Li S, Kang Q, Du Y. Chiral-at-metal rhodium(iii) complex catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of C2-substituted benzofuran derivatives. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01022j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective C2-nucleophilic functionalization of 3-aminobenzofurans has been realized under catalysis of chiral rhodium(iii) complexes, affording a large array of C2-substituted benzofuran derivatives in high yields and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Shiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Qiang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Yu Du
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
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9
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Ding X, Su R, Yang W, Deng W. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Formal Aza‐[3+3]Cyclo‐additions of 3‐Aminobenzofuran with
α,β
‐Unsaturated Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Feng Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ruo‐Heng Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wu‐Lin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wei‐Ping Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
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10
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Wang Z, Luo W, Lu L, Yin B. Synthesis of N,O-Spiroacetals and α-Arylfurans via Pd-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative 2,5-Aminoarylation and α-Arylation of N-[3-(2-Furanyl)propyl]-p-toluenesulfonamides with Boronic Acids. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10080-10088. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510640
| | - Wenkun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510640
| | - Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510640
| | - Biaolin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510640
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11
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Bisht S, Rani R, Peddinti RK. Regioselective Synthesis of Bicyclic and Polycyclic Systems by Cycloaddition Reactions of Alkenyl p-Benzoquinones. J Org Chem 2018; 83:75-84. [PMID: 29220185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An efficient [3 + 2]/[4 + 2] or double [4 + 2] cycloaddition strategy has been established for the synthesis of heterocyclic systems under mild conditions. The reaction pathway is governed by the nature of reaction partner. Several dihydrofurocoumarin, furopyranocoumarin, dihydrofuran, dihydrobenzopyran, and dihydrobenzofuran derivatives were obtained as single diastereomers from cyclic or acyclic enol ethers and styrenes. This one-pot transformation constructed C-C and C-O bonds and generated molecular complexity by domino/tandem process to produce the heterocyclic systems in good yields. The ring closure of domino protocol was highly stereoselective and resulted in the formation of cis-fused systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bisht
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand India
| | - Rashmi Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand India
| | - Rama Krishna Peddinti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand India
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12
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Li J, Lu L, Pan Q, Ren Y, Liu B, Yin B. Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomatizing Alkoxydiarylation of Furan Rings by Coupling with Arylboronic Acids: Access to Polysubstituted Oxabicyclic Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China, 510640
| | - Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China, 510640
| | - Qi Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou People's Republic of China 510006
| | - Yanwei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China, 510640
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou People's Republic of China 510006
| | - Biaolin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China, 510640
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13
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Janssen-Müller D, Fleige M, Schlüns D, Wollenburg M, Daniliuc CG, Neugebauer J, Glorius F. NHC-Catalyzed Enantioselective Dearomatizing Hydroacylation of Benzofurans and Benzothiophenes for the Synthesis of Spirocycles. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Janssen-Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mirco Fleige
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Danny Schlüns
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center
for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marco Wollenburg
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center
for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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14
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Li J, Peng H, Wang F, Wang X, Jiang H, Yin B. 2,5-Oxyarylation of Furans: Synthesis of Spiroacetals via Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Boronic Acids with α-Hydroxyalkylfurans. Org Lett 2016; 18:3226-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Hui Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Furong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiujun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Biaolin Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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15
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Ramella V, He Z, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomatizing Difunctionalization of Indoles and Benzofurans. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Chen J, Shao Y, Zheng H, Cheng J, Wan X. Metal-Free Coupling of 2-Vinylphenols and Carboxylic Acids: An Access to 3-Acyloxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10734-41. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jijun Chen
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ying Shao
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory
of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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17
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Miao P, Wang H, Liu L, Chang W, Li J. Palladium-Catalyzed Highly Chemoselective Cascade Coupling-Cyclization of Allenol Derivatives and Aryl Halides for the Construction of Dihydrobenzofuranols or Chromanols and Indolinols. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Miao
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Weijin Road 94# Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Weijin Road 94# Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Weijin Road 94# Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Weixing Chang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Weijin Road 94# Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jing Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Weijin Road 94# Tianjin 300071 China
- the Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300071 China
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18
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Ramella V, He Z, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Palladium-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Oxyarylation of 2-Alkylindoles. Org Lett 2015; 17:664-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503689r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ramella
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Zhiheng He
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Shaikh AK, Varvounis G. One-pot cascade synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans via ortho-quinone methide intermediates generated in situ. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15024d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and efficient one-pot cascade reaction for the regioselective synthesis of trans or cis/trans-2,3-disubstituted 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul kadar Shaikh
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ioannina
- 45110 Ioannina
- Greece
| | - George Varvounis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ioannina
- 45110 Ioannina
- Greece
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Manley DW, McBurney RT, Miller P, Walton JC. Titania-promoted carboxylic acid alkylations of alkenes and cascade addition-cyclizations. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1386-98. [PMID: 24437519 PMCID: PMC3963454 DOI: 10.1021/jo4027929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions employing TiO2 and carboxylic acids under dry anaerobic conditions led to several types of C-C bond-forming processes with electron-deficient alkenes. The efficiency of alkylation varied appreciably with substituents in the carboxylic acids. The reactions of aryloxyacetic acids with maleimides resulted in a cascade process in which a pyrrolochromene derivative accompanied the alkylated succinimide. The selectivity for one or other of these products could be tuned to some extent by employing the photoredox catalyst under different conditions. Aryloxyacetic acids adapted for intramolecular ring closures by inclusion of 2-alkenyl, 2-aryl, or 2-oximinyl functionality reacted rather poorly. Profiles of reactant consumption and product formation for these systems were obtained by an in situ NMR monitoring technique. An array of different catalyst forms were tested for efficiency and ease of use. The proposed mechanism, involving hole capture at the TiO2 surface by the carboxylates followed by CO2 loss, was supported by EPR spectroscopic evidence of the intermediates. Deuterium labeling indicated that the titania likely donates protons from surface hydroxyl groups as well as supplying electrons and holes, thus acting as both a catalyst and a reaction partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Manley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University
of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Roy T. McBurney
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University
of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip Miller
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University
of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - John C. Walton
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University
of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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