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Probing the Potential Energy Profile of the I + (H 2O) 3 → HI + (H 2O) 2OH Forward and Reverse Reactions: High Level CCSD(T) Studies with Spin-Orbit Coupling Included. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020904. [PMID: 36677960 PMCID: PMC9866029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Three different pathways for the atomic iodine plus water trimer reaction I + (H2O)3 → HI + (H2O)2OH were preliminarily examined by the DFT-MPW1K method. Related to previous predictions for the F/Cl/Br + (H2O)3 reactions, three pathways for the I + (H2O)3 reaction are linked in terms of geometry and energetics. To legitimize the results, the "gold standard" CCSD(T) method was employed to investigate the lowest-lying pathway with the correlation-consistent polarized valence basis set up to cc-pVQZ(-PP). According to the CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ(-PP)//CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ(-PP) results, the I + (H2O)3 → HI + (H2O)2OH reaction is predicted to be endothermic by 47.0 kcal mol-1. The submerged transition state is predicted to lie 43.7 kcal mol-1 above the separated reactants. The I···(H2O)3 entrance complex lies below the separated reactants by 4.1 kcal mol-1, and spin-orbit coupling has a significant impact on this dissociation energy. The HI···(H2O)2OH exit complex is bound by 4.3 kcal mol-1 in relation to the separated products. Compared with simpler I + (H2O)2 and I + H2O reactions, the I + (H2O)3 reaction is energetically between them in general. It is speculated that the reaction between the iodine atom and the larger water clusters may be energetically analogous to the I + (H2O)3 reaction. The iodine reaction I + (H2O)3 is connected with the analogous valence isoelectronic bromine/chlorine reactions Br/Cl + (H2O)3 but much different from the F + (H2O)3 reaction. Significant difference with other halogen systems, especially for barrier heights, are seen for the iodine systems.
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Csorba B, Szabó P, Góger S, Lendvay G. The Role of Zero-Point Vibration and Reactant Attraction in Exothermic Bimolecular Reactions with Submerged Potential Barriers: Theoretical Studies of the R + HBr → RH + Br (R = CH 3, HO) Systems. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8386-8396. [PMID: 34543008 PMCID: PMC8488937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of the reactions CH3 + HBr → CH4 + Br and HO + HBr → H2O + Br have been studied using the quasiclassical trajectory method to explore the interplay of the vibrational excitation of the breaking bond and the potential energy surface characterized by a prereaction van der Waals well and a submerged barrier to reaction. The attraction between the reactants is favorable for the reaction, because it brings together the reactants without any energy investment. The reaction can be thought to be controlled by capture. The trajectory calculations indeed provide excitation functions typical to capture: the reaction cross sections diverge when the collision energy is reduced toward zero. Excitation of reactant vibration accelerates both reactions. The barrier on the potential surface is so early that the coupling between the degrees of freedom at the saddle point geometry is negligible. However, the trajectory calculations show that when the breaking bond is stretched at the time of the encounter, an attractive force arises, as if the radical approached a HBr molecule whose bond is partially broken. As a result, the dynamics of the reaction are controlled more by the temporary "dynamical", vibrationally induced than by the "static" van der Waals attraction even when the reactants are in vibrational ground state. The cross sections are shown to drop to very small values when the amplitude of the breaking bond's vibration is artificially reduced, which provides an estimate of the reactivity due to the "static" attraction. Without zero-point vibration these reactions would be very slow, which is a manifestation of a unique quantum effect. Reactions where the reactivity is determined by dynamical factors such as the vibrationally enhanced attraction are found to be beyond the range of applicability of Polanyi's rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjámin Csorba
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Szabó
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Góger
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Lendvay
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Center for Natural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10. Veszprém, 8200 Hungary
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Keshavarz F. Chemical Kinetics Approves the Occurrence of C ( 3P j) Reaction with H 2O. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5877-5892. [PMID: 31268710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although both atomic carbon and water are omnipresent in human life, there is a debate about the possibility of carbon reaction with water. Some low-temperature spectroscopic investigations have rejected the reaction, whereas some room-temperature experiments and theoretical studies have accepted the possibility of the reaction by reporting rate coefficients ranging from 105 to 109 L mol-1 s-1. This study provides new lines of evidence about the reaction through exploration of the reaction mechanism using the CCSD(T) method and solving the corresponding master equation by following two main approaches. According to the results, the rate coefficient of the reaction is significantly influenced by the tunneling and hindered rotation effects, in addition to the selected total angular momentum (J). Furthermore, the total rate coefficient of the reaction increases dramatically (from 107 to 1011 L mol-1 s-1) with the rise of temperature from 100 to 4000 K, while the total rate coefficient is insensitive to pressure (0.1-10 atm). Despite some differences between the results of the two approaches, the rate coefficients of both methods are consistent with the previously reported rate coefficients. Also, in agreement with the previous studies, the major products are 2HOC + 2H and 2HCO + 2H. In general, the findings approve the occurrence of the title reaction and indicate that the mentioned conflict is due to the sensitivity of the reaction to the investigated temperature and J level. The sensitivity does not permit low-temperature spectroscopic studies to detect any products and varies the measured and calculated rate coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Keshavarz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Shiraz University , Shiraz 71946-84795 , Iran
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Coutinho ND, Sanches-Neto FO, Carvalho-Silva VH, de Oliveira HCB, Ribeiro LA, Aquilanti V. Kinetics of the OH+HCl→H 2 O+Cl reaction: Rate determining roles of stereodynamics and roaming and of quantum tunneling. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:2508-2516. [PMID: 30365178 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The OH + HCl → H2 O + Cl reaction is one of the most studied four-body systems, extensively investigated by both experimental and theoretical approaches. Here, as a continuation of our previous work on the OH + HBr and OH + HI reactions, which manifest an anti-Arrhenius behavior that was explained by stereodynamic and roaming effects, we extend the strategy to understand the transition to the sub-Arrhenius behavior occurring for the HCl case. As previously, we perform first-principles on-the-fly Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics calculations, thermalized at four temperatures (50, 200, 350, and 500 K), but this time we also apply a high-level transition-state-theory, modified to account for tunneling conditions. We find that the theoretical rate constants calculated with Bell tunneling corrections are in good agreement with extensive experimental data available for this reaction in the ample temperature range: (i) simulations show that the roles of molecular orientation in promoting this reaction and of roaming in finding the favorable path are minor than in the HBr and HI cases, and (ii) dominating is the effect of quantum mechanical penetration through the energy barrier along the reaction path on the potential energy surface. The discussion of these results provides clarification of the origin on different non-Arrhenius mechanisms observed along this series of reactions. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara D Coutinho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 4478, 70904-970, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Flavio O Sanches-Neto
- Grupo de Química Teórica e Estrutural de Anápolis, Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, CP 459, 75001-970, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Heibbe C B de Oliveira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 4478, 70904-970, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Ribeiro
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Vincenzo Aquilanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.,Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area dela Ricerca di Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133, Rome, Italy
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Lee KLK, Quinn MS, Kolmann SJ, Kable SH, Jordan MJT. Zero-point energy conservation in classical trajectory simulations: Application to H2CO. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:194113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5023508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitchell S. Quinn
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kolmann
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Scott H. Kable
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Meredith J. T. Jordan
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Zhang B, Vandezande JE, Reynolds RD, Schaefer HF. Spin–Orbit Coupling via Four-Component Multireference Methods: Benchmarking on p-Block Elements and Tentative Recommendations. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:1235-1246. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Zhang
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jonathon E. Vandezande
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Ryan D. Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Wang H, Li G, Li QS, Xie Y, Schaefer HF. I + (H2O)2 → HI + (H2O)OH Forward and Reverse Reactions. CCSD(T) Studies Including Spin-Orbit Coupling. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:1743-8. [PMID: 26562487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b09253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential energy profile for the atomic iodine plus water dimer reaction I + (H2O)2 → HI + (H2O)OH has been explored using the "Gold Standard" CCSD(T) method with quadruple-ζ correlation-consistent basis sets. The corresponding information for the reverse reaction HI + (H2O)OH → I + (H2O)2 is also derived. Both zero-point vibrational energies (ZPVEs) and spin-orbit (SO) coupling are considered, and these notably alter the classical energetics. On the basis of the CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ-PP results, including ZPVE and SO coupling, the forward reaction is found to be endothermic by 47.4 kcal/mol, implying a significant exothermicity for the reverse reaction. The entrance complex I···(H2O)2 is bound by 1.8 kcal/mol, and this dissociation energy is significantly affected by SO coupling. The reaction barrier lies 45.1 kcal/mol higher than the reactants. The exit complex HI···(H2O)OH is bound by 3.0 kcal/mol relative to the asymptotic limit. At every level of theory, the reverse reaction HI + (H2O)OH → I + (H2O)2 proceeds without a barrier. Compared with the analogous water monomer reaction I + H2O → HI + OH, the additional water molecule reduces the relative energies of the entrance stationary point, transition state, and exit complex by 3-5 kcal/mol. The I + (H2O)2 reaction is related to the valence isoelectronic bromine and chlorine reactions but is distinctly different from the F + (H2O)2 system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guoliang Li
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | | | - Yaoming Xie
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Li J, Jiang B, Song H, Ma J, Zhao B, Dawes R, Guo H. From ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces to State-Resolved Reactivities: X + H2O ↔ HX + OH [X = F, Cl, and O(3P)] Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4667-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Hongwei Song
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic
and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Richard Dawes
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Hua Guo
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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9
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de Oliveira-Filho AGS, Ornellas FR, Bowman JM. Energy disposal and thermal rate constants for the OH + HBr and OH + DBr reactions: quasiclassical trajectory calculations on an accurate potential energy surface. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:12080-8. [PMID: 25365787 DOI: 10.1021/jp509430p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report reaction cross sections, energy disposal, and rate constants for the OH + HBr → Br + H2O and OH + DBr → Br + HDO reactions from quasiclassical trajectory calculations using an ab initio potential energy surface [ de Oliveira-Filho , A. G. S. ; Ornellas , F. R. ; Bowman , J. M. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014 , 5 , 706 - 712 ]. Comparison with available experiments are made and generally show good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio G S de Oliveira-Filho
- Departamento de Quı́mica Fundamental, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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10
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Hao Y, Xie Y, Schaefer III HF. Features of the potential energy surface for the SiO + OH → SiO 2+ H reaction: relationship to oxygen isotopic partitioning during gas phase SiO 2formation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09829c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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11
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Czakó G, Császár AG, Schaefer HF. Surprising Quenching of the Spin–Orbit Interaction Significantly Diminishes H2O···X [X = F, Cl, Br, I] Dissociation Energies. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:11956-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506287z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Czakó
- Laboratory of
Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Attila G. Császár
- Laboratory of
Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Research
Group on Complex Chemical Systems, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center
for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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