1
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Nigam R, Kar KK. Effect of Mixed Morphology (Simple Cubic, Face-Centered Cubic, and Body-Centered Cubic)-Based Electrodes on the Electric Double Layer Capacitance of Supercapacitors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14266-14280. [PMID: 38941262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Supercapacitors store energy due to the formation of an electric double layer (EDL) at the interface of the electrodes and electrolyte. The present article deals with the finite element study of equilibrium electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) in the mixed morphology electrodes comprising all three fundamental crystal structures, simple cubic (SC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and face-centered cubic morphologies (FCC). Mesoporous-activated carbon forms the electrode in the supercapacitor with (C2H5)4NBF4/propylene carbonate organic electrolyte. Electrochemical interference is clearly demonstrated in the supercapacitors with the formation of the potential bands, as in the case of interference theory due to the increasing packing factor. The effects of electrode thickness varying from a wide range of 50 nm to 0.04 mm on specific EDLC have been discussed in detail. The interfacial geometry of the unit cell in contact with the electrolyte is the most important parameter determining the properties of the EDL. The critical thickness of the electrodes is 1.71 μm in all the morphologies. Polarization increases the interfacial potential and leads to EDL formation. The Stern layer specific capacitance is 167.6 μF cm-2 in all the morphologies. The maximum capacitance is in the decreasing order of interfacial geometry, as FCC > BCC > SC, dependent on the packing factor. The minimum transmittance in all the morphologies is 98.35%, with the constant figure of merit at higher electrode thickness having applications in the chip interconnects. The transient analysis shows that the interfacial current decreases with increasing polarization in the EDL. The capacitance also decreases with the increase of the scan rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Nigam
- Advanced Nanoengineering Materials Laboratory, Materials Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Kamal K Kar
- Advanced Nanoengineering Materials Laboratory, Materials Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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2
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Lai J, Zhang H, Xu K, Shi F. Linking Interfacial Structure and Electrochemical Behaviors of Batteries by High-Resolution Electrocapillarity. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39013600 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The electrode-electrolyte interface governs the kinetics and reversibility of all electrochemical processes. While theoretical models can calculate and simulate the structure and associated properties of this intriguing component, their validation by direct experimental measurement has been a long-standing challenge. Electrocapillarity is a classical technique that derives the interfacial structure through potential-dependent surface tensions, but its limited resolution has confined its application to ideal systems such as extremely diluted aqueous electrolytes. In this work, we revive this technique with unprecedented time resolution, which allows fast and precise extraction of intrinsic interfacial structure and properties for a wide spectrum of electrolytes, be it ideal or nonideal, aqueous or nonaqueous, dilute or superconcentrated. For the very first time, this new electrocapillarity enables the measurements of a set of interfacial quantities, such as ion concentration distribution and potential drop across Helmholtz planes. Applying it on Zn-battery electrolytes, we discovered that Cl- specific adsorption at the inner-Helmholtz plane results in unexpected Zn2+ aggregation at the outer-Helmholtz plane, and identified such a unique interfacial structure as the fundamental driving force for fast Zn deposition/stripping kinetics and crystallographic texturing. The renaissance of electrocapillarity brings a new tool to the understanding and design of new electrolytes for future battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Lai
- John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Hanrui Zhang
- John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kang Xu
- SES AI Corporation, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Feifei Shi
- John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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3
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Zhang R, Sun T. Ink-based additive manufacturing for electrochemical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33023. [PMID: 38994065 PMCID: PMC11238056 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, has drawn substantial attention in recent decades due to its efficiency and precise control in part fabrication. The limitations of conventional fabrication processes, especially regarding geometry complexity, supply chain, and environmental impact, have prompted the exploration of diverse AM technologies in electrochemistry. Especially, three ink-based AM techniques, binder jet printing (BJP), direct ink writing (DIW), and Inkjet Printing (IJP), have been extensively applied by numerous research teams to produce electrodes, catalyst scaffolds, supercapacitors, batteries, etc. BJP's versatility in utilizing a wide range of materials as powder feedstock promotes its potential for various electrode and battery applications. DIW and IJP stand out for their ability to handle multi-material manufacturing tasks and deliver high printing resolution. To capture recent advancements in this field, we present a comprehensive review of the applications of BJP, DIW, and IJP techniques in fabricating electrochemical devices and components. This review intends to provide an overview of the process-structure-property relationship in electrochemical materials and components across diverse applications manufactured using AM techniques. We delve into how the significantly improved design freedom over the structure offered by these ink-based AM techniques highlights the performance of electrochemical products. Moreover, we highlight their advantages in terms of material compatibility, geometry control, and cost-effectiveness. In specific cases, we also compare the performance of electrochemical components fabricated using AM and conventional manufacturing methods. Finally, we conclude this review article by offering some insights into the future development in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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4
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Choi J, Jung JC, Jung W. Advances in Carbon Xerogels: Structural Optimization for Enhanced EDLC Performance. Gels 2024; 10:400. [PMID: 38920946 PMCID: PMC11203384 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the recent progress on carbon xerogels (CXs) and highlights their development and use as efficient electrodes in organic electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). In addition, this work examines how the adjustment of synthesis parameters, such as pH, polymerization duration, and the reactant-to-catalyst ratio, crucially affects the structure and electrochemical properties of xerogels. The adaptability of xerogels in terms of modification of their porosity and structure plays a vital role in the improvement of EDLC applications as it directly influences the interaction between electrolyte ions and the electrode surface, which is a key factor in determining EDLC performance. The review further discusses the substantial effects of chemical activation with KOH on the improvement of the porous structure and specific surface area, which leads to notable electrochemical enhancements. This structural control facilitates improvement in ion transport and storage, which are essential for efficient EDLC charge-discharge (C-D) cycles. Compared with commercial activated carbons for EDLC electrodes, CXs attract interest for their superior surface area, lower electrical resistance, and stable performance across diverse C-D rates, which underscore their promising potential in EDLC applications. This in-depth review not only summarizes the advancements in CX research but also highlights their potential to expand and improve EDLC applications and demonstrate the critical role of their tunable porosity and structure in the evolution of next-generation energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongyun Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Chul Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea;
| | - Wonjong Jung
- Department of Mechanical, Smart, and Industrial Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
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5
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Dehghani P, Karthikeyan V, Tajabadi A, Assi DS, Catchpole A, Wadsworth J, Leung HY, Roy VAL. Rapid Near-Patient Impedimetric Sensing Platform for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14580-14591. [PMID: 38560003 PMCID: PMC10976404 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the global escalation of concerns surrounding prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, reliance on the serologic prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test remains the primary approach. However, the imperative for early PCa diagnosis necessitates more effective, accurate, and rapid diagnostic point-of-care (POC) devices to enhance the result reliability and minimize disease-related complications. Among POC approaches, electrochemical biosensors, known for their amenability and miniaturization capabilities, have emerged as promising candidates. In this study, we developed an impedimetric sensing platform to detect urinary zinc (UZn) in both artificial and clinical urine samples. Our approach lies in integrating label-free impedimetric sensing and the introduction of porosity through surface modification techniques. Leveraging a cellulose acetate/reduced graphene oxide composite, our sensor's recognition layer is engineered to exhibit enhanced porosity, critical for improving the sensitivity, capture, and interaction with UZn. The sensitivity is further amplified by incorporating zincon as an external dopant, establishing highly effective recognition sites. Our sensor demonstrates a limit of detection of 7.33 ng/mL in the 0.1-1000 ng/mL dynamic range, which aligns with the reference benchmark samples from clinical biochemistry. Our sensor results are comparable with the results of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) where a notable correlation of 0.991 is achieved. To validate our sensor in a real-life scenario, tests were performed on human urine samples from patients being investigated for prostate cancer. Testing clinical urine samples using our sensing platform and ICP-MS produced highly comparable results. A linear correlation with R2 = 0.964 with no significant difference between two groups (p-value = 0.936) was found, thus confirming the reliability of our sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Dehghani
- James
Watt School of Engineering, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | | | - Ataollah Tajabadi
- James
Watt School of Engineering, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Dani S. Assi
- James
Watt School of Engineering, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Anthony Catchpole
- Scottish
Trace Element and Micronutrient Diagnostic and Research Laboratory,
Department of Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, U.K.
| | - John Wadsworth
- Scottish
Trace Element and Micronutrient Diagnostic and Research Laboratory,
Department of Biochemistry, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, U.K.
| | - Hing Y. Leung
- Cancer
Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K.
- School
of Cancer Sciences, MVLS, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K.
| | - Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
- School
of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan
University, Ho Man Tin, Hong Kong
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6
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Pan L, Wang D, Wang J, Chu Y, Li X, Wang W, Mitsuzaki N, Jia S, Chen Z. Morphological control and performance engineering of Co-based materials for supercapacitors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9096-9111. [PMID: 38456310 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most promising energy storage devices, supercapacitors exhibit a higher power density than batteries. However, its low energy density usually requires high-performance electrode materials. Although the RuO2 material shows desirable properties, its high cost and toxicity significantly limit its application in supercapacitors. Recent developments demonstrated that Co-based materials have emerged as a promising alternative to RuO2 for supercapacitors due to their low cost, favorable redox reversibility and environmental friendliness. In this paper, the morphological control and performance engineering of Co-based materials are systematically reviewed. Firstly, the principle of supercapacitors is briefly introduced, and the characteristics and advantages of pseudocapacitors are emphasized. The special forms of cobalt-based materials are introduced, including 1D, 2D and 3D nanomaterials. After that, the ways to enhance the properties of cobalt-based materials are discussed, including adding conductive materials, constructing heterostructures and doping heteroatoms. Particularly, the influence of morphological control and modification methods on the electrochemical performances of materials is highlighted. Finally, the application prospect and development direction of Co-based materials are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Dan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Jibiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Yuan Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Wenchang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
- Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213032, China
| | | | - Shuyong Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Zhidong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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7
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Xu P, Wang R, Zhang H, Carnevale V, Borguet E, Suntivich J. Cation Modifies Interfacial Water Structures on Platinum during Alkaline Hydrogen Electrocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2426-2434. [PMID: 38228289 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The molecular details of an electrocatalytic interface play an essential role in the production of sustainable fuels and value-added chemicals. Many electrochemical reactions exhibit strong cation-dependent activities, but how cations affect reaction kinetics is still elusive. We report the effect of cations (K+, Li+, and Ba2+) on the interfacial water structure using second-harmonic generation (SHG) and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The second- (χH2O(2)) and third-order (χH2O(3)) optical susceptibilities of water on Pt are smaller in the presence of Ba2+ compared to those of K+, suggesting that cations can affect the interfacial water orientation. MD simulation reproduces experimental SHG observations and further shows that the competition between cation hydration and interfacial water alignment governs the net water orientation. The impact of cations on interfacial water supports a cation hydration-mediated mechanism for hydrogen electrocatalysis; i.e., the reaction occurs via water dissociation followed by cation-assisted hydroxide/water exchange on Pt. Our study highlights the role of interfacial water in electrocatalysis and how innocent additives (such as cations) can affect the local electrochemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Center for Complex Materials from First-Principles (CCM), Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Haojian Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Vincenzo Carnevale
- Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Eric Borguet
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
- Center for Complex Materials from First-Principles (CCM), Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jin Suntivich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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8
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Sitlapersad RS, Thornton AR, den Otter WK. Charging and discharging a supercapacitor in molecular simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:044111. [PMID: 38275193 DOI: 10.1063/5.0177103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world moves more toward unpredictable renewable energy sources, better energy storage devices are required. Supercapacitors are a promising technology to meet the demand for short-term, high-power energy storage. Clearly, understanding their charging and discharging behaviors is essential to improving the technology. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations provide microscopic insights into the complex interplay between the dynamics of the ions in the electrolyte and the evolution of the charge distributions on the electrodes. Traditional MD simulations of (dis)charging supercapacitors impose a pre-determined evolving voltage difference between the electrodes, using the Constant Potential Method (CPM). Here, we present an alternative method that explicitly simulates the charge flow to and from the electrodes. For a disconnected capacitor, i.e., an open circuit, the charges are allowed to redistribute within each electrode while the sum charges on both electrodes remain constant. We demonstrate, for a model capacitor containing an aqueous salt solution, that this method recovers the charge-potential curve of CPM simulations. The equilibrium voltage fluctuations are related to the differential capacitance. We next simulate a closed circuit by introducing equations of motion for the sum charges, by explicitly accounting for the external circuit element(s). Charging and discharging of the model supercapacitor via a resistance proceed by double exponential processes, supplementing the usual time scale set by the electrolyte dynamics with a novel time scale set by the external circuit. Finally, we propose a simple equivalent circuit that reproduces the main characteristics of this supercapacitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranisha S Sitlapersad
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony R Thornton
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter K den Otter
- Department of Fluid and Thermal Engineering and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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9
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Bukhari H, Iqbal AM, Awan SU, Hussain D, Shah SA, Rizwan S. Intercalation of C60 into MXene Multilayers: A Promising Approach for Enhancing the Electrochemical Properties of Electrode Materials for High-Performance Energy Storage Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:227-238. [PMID: 38222541 PMCID: PMC10785070 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we report on the enhancement of the electrochemical properties of MXene by intercalating C60 nanoparticles between its layers. The aim was to increase the interlayer spacing of MXene, which has a direct effect on capacitance by allowing the electrolyte flow in the electrode. To achieve this, various concentrations of Ti3SiC2 (known as MXene) and C60 nanocomposites were prepared through a hydrothermal process under optimal conditions. The resulting composites were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Electrodes were fabricated using different concentrations of MXene and C60 nanocomposites, and current-voltage (I-V) measurements were performed at various scan rates to analyze the capacitance of pseudo supercapacitors. The results showed the highest capacitance of 348 F g1- for the nanocomposite with a composition of 90% MXene and 10% C60. We introduce MXene-C60 composites as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors and highlight their unique properties. Our work provides a new approach to designing high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors, which can have significant implications for the development of efficient energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Bukhari
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Asad M. Iqbal
- Department
of Basic Sciences and Humanities, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ullah Awan
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Danish Hussain
- Department
of Mechatronics Engineering, NUST College of Electrical and Mechanical
Engineering, National University of Sciences
and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Saqlain A. Shah
- Department
of Physics, Forman Christian College (University), Lahore 54600,Pakistan
| | - Syed Rizwan
- Physics
Characterization and Simulation Lab (PCSL), Department of Physics,
School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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10
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Nazemzadeh N, Miranda CR, Liang Y, Andersson MP. First-Principles Prediction of Amorphous Silica Nanoparticle Surface Charge: Effect of Size, pH, and Ionic Strength. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9608-9619. [PMID: 37906160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of surface charge properties of silica nanoparticles is essential for several applications. To determine these properties, many experimental and theoretical methods have been introduced, which are time-consuming and/or challenging to use. In this study, a first-principles approach is developed to determine the surface charge properties of amorphous silica nanoparticles against the nanoparticle size, pH, and ionic strength without relying on experimental data. An amorphous silica nanoparticle of 1.34 nm diameter is simulated by using integrated molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo methods. A detailed analysis of the nanoparticle structure is provided by analyzing the types of silanol groups on the surface. Moreover, a model is developed to estimate the probability distribution of the surface silanol groups based on the nearest neighbor distances and the diameter of the nanoparticle to determine the number of surface silanols on larger nanoparticles. Thereafter, a computational chemistry approach is used to calculate the acid dissociation constants of the corresponding deprotonation reactions. The calculated constants and the point of zero charge value are in excellent agreement with experiments. The surface charge properties of the nanoparticle with various diameters are then estimated by using a mean-field model at different pH and ionic strength values. The results of the developed model are compared to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation as a reference model. The developed model predictions agree well with the reference model for low and mid-electrolyte concentrations (1 and 10 mM) and small nanoparticles (smaller than 100 nm). However, the developed model seems to qualitatively predict the surface charge properties more accurately than the Poisson-Boltzmann model for high electrolyte concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Nazemzadeh
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Søltofts Plads, Building 228A, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Caetano R Miranda
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 66318, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil
| | - Yunfeng Liang
- Department of Systems Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Martin P Andersson
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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11
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Tamrin SH, Phelps J, Nezhad AS, Sen A. Critical considerations in determining the surface charge of small extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12353. [PMID: 37632212 PMCID: PMC10457570 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a focal point of EV research due to their significant role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes within living systems. However, uncertainties about the nature of these vesicles have added considerable complexity to the already difficult task of developing EV-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Whereas small EVs have been shown to be negatively charged, their surface charge has not yet been properly quantified. This gap in knowledge has made it challenging to fully understand the nature of these particles and the way they interact with one another, and with other biological structures like cells. Most published studies have evaluated EV charge by focusing on zeta potential calculated using classical theoretical approaches. However, these approaches tend to underestimate zeta potential at the nanoscale. Moreover, zeta potential alone cannot provide a complete picture of the electrical properties of small EVs since it ignores the effect of ions that bind tightly to the surface of these particles. The absence of validated methods to accurately estimate the actual surface charge (electrical valence) and determine the zeta potential of EVs is a significant knowledge gap, as it limits the development of effective label-free methods for EV isolation and detection. In this study, for the first time, we show how the electrical charge of small EVs can be more accurately determined by accounting for the impact of tightly bound ions. This was accomplished by measuring the electrophoretic mobility of EVs, and then analytically correlating the measured values to their charge in the form of zeta potential and electrical valence. In contrast to the currently used theoretical expressions, the employed analytical method in this study enabled a more accurate estimation of EV surface charge, which will facilitate the development of EV-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hassanpour Tamrin
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Jolene Phelps
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Amir Sanati Nezhad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Arindom Sen
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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12
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Nuroldayeva G, Balanay MP. Flexing the Spectrum: Advancements and Prospects of Flexible Electrochromic Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2924. [PMID: 37447568 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The application potential of flexible electrochromic materials for wearable devices, smart textiles, flexible displays, electronic paper, and implantable biomedical devices is enormous. These materials offer the advantages of conformability and mechanical robustness, making them highly desirable for these applications. In this review, we comprehensively examine the field of flexible electrochromic materials, covering topics such as synthesis methods, structure design, electrochromic mechanisms, and current applications. We also address the challenges associated with achieving flexibility in electrochromic materials and discuss strategies to overcome them. By shedding light on these challenges and proposing solutions, we aim to advance the development of flexible electrochromic materials. We also highlight recent advances in the field and present promising directions for future research. We intend to stimulate further innovation and development in this rapidly evolving field and encourage researchers to explore new opportunities and applications for flexible electrochromic materials. Through this review, readers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the synthesis, design, mechanisms, and applications of flexible electrochromic materials. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals looking to harness the potential of these materials for various technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzat Nuroldayeva
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Batteries LLC, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Mannix P Balanay
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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13
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Kondrat S, Feng G, Bresme F, Urbakh M, Kornyshev AA. Theory and Simulations of Ionic Liquids in Nanoconfinement. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6668-6715. [PMID: 37163447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have exciting properties such as nonvolatility, large electrochemical windows, and remarkable variety, drawing much interest in energy storage, gating, electrocatalysis, tunable lubrication, and other applications. Confined RTILs appear in various situations, for instance, in pores of nanostructured electrodes of supercapacitors and batteries, as such electrodes increase the contact area with RTILs and enhance the total capacitance and stored energy, between crossed cylinders in surface force balance experiments, between a tip and a sample in atomic force microscopy, and between sliding surfaces in tribology experiments, where RTILs act as lubricants. The properties and functioning of RTILs in confinement, especially nanoconfinement, result in fascinating structural and dynamic phenomena, including layering, overscreening and crowding, nanoscale capillary freezing, quantized and electrotunable friction, and superionic state. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of the fundamental physical phenomena controlling the properties of such systems and the current state-of-the-art theoretical and simulation approaches developed for their description. We discuss these approaches sequentially by increasing atomistic complexity, paying particular attention to new physical phenomena emerging in nanoscale confinement. This review covers theoretical models, most of which are based on mapping the problems on pertinent statistical mechanics models with exact analytical solutions, allowing systematic analysis and new physical insights to develop more easily. We also describe a classical density functional theory, which offers a reliable and computationally inexpensive tool to account for some microscopic details and correlations that simplified models often fail to consider. Molecular simulations play a vital role in studying confined ionic liquids, enabling deep microscopic insights otherwise unavailable to researchers. We describe the basics of various simulation approaches and discuss their challenges and applicability to specific problems, focusing on RTIL structure in cylindrical and slit confinement and how it relates to friction and capacitive and dynamic properties of confined ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svyatoslav Kondrat
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
- Nano Interface Centre for Energy, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ,United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Urbakh
- School of Chemistry and the Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alexei A Kornyshev
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ,United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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14
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Xiao T, Song X. A Gaussian field approach to the planar electric double layer structures in electrolyte solutions. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2887562. [PMID: 37125713 DOI: 10.1063/5.0138568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the planar, electric, double-layer structures of non-polarizable electrodes in electrolyte solutions are studied with Gaussian field theory. A response function with two Yukawa functions is used to capture the electrostatic response of the electrolyte solution, from which the modified response function in the planar symmetry is derived analytically. The modified response function is further used to evaluate the induced charge density and the electrostatic potential near an electrode. The Gaussian field theory, combined with a two-Yukawa response function, can reproduce the oscillatory decay behavior of the electric potentials in concentrated electrolyte solutions. When the exact sum rules for the bulk electrolyte solutions and the electric double layers are used as constraints to determine the parameters of the response function, the Gaussian field theory could at least partly capture the nonlinear response effect of the surface charge density. Comparison with results for a planar electrode with fixed surface charge densities from molecular simulations demonstrates the validity of Gaussian field theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Xiao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Synergetic Innovation Center of Scientific Big Data for Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyu Song
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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15
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Asha AS, Iroegbu JN, Visayas BRB, Mayes M, Shen C. Molecular Insights into the Electric Double-Layer Structure at a Polymer Electrolyte-Electrode Interface. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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16
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Electric Double Layer: The Good, the Bad, and the Beauty. ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The electric double layer (EDL) is the most important region for electrochemical and heterogeneous catalysis. Because of it, its modeling and investigation are something that can be found in the literature for a long time. However, nowadays, it is still a hot topic of investigation, mainly because of the improvement in simulation and experimental techniques. The present review aims to present the classical models for the EDL, as well as presenting how this region affects electrochemical data in everyday experimentation, how to obtain and interpret information about EDL, and, finally, how to obtain some molecular point of view insights on it.
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17
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ALD-fabricated two-dimensional SnO2-In2O3 n-n nanohybrid electrode for electrochemical supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Hussain A, Khan AM. Electrochemically tracking interactions between molecular ions of sodium dodecyl sulphate and the selected amino acid at the electrode-electrolyte interface. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Vos JE, Inder Maur D, Rodenburg HP, van den Hoven L, Schoemaker SE, de Jongh PE, Erné BH. Electric Potential of Ions in Electrode Micropores Deduced from Calorimetry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:186001. [PMID: 36374685 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.186001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The internal energy of capacitive porous carbon electrodes was determined experimentally as a function of applied potential in aqueous salt solutions. Both the electrical work and produced heat were measured. The potential dependence of the internal energy is explained in terms of two contributions, namely the field energy of a dielectric layer of water molecules at the surface and the potential energy of ions in the pores. The average electric potential of the ions is deduced, and its dependence on the type of salt suggests that the hydration strength limits how closely ions can approach the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joren E Vos
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Danny Inder Maur
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hendrik P Rodenburg
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lennart van den Hoven
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Suzan E Schoemaker
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Petra E de Jongh
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ben H Erné
- Van 't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
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20
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Suresh S, Sindhu V. CeO2/PANI/MoS2 composite electrode for symmetric supercapacitor application. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Alkhadra M, Su X, Suss ME, Tian H, Guyes EN, Shocron AN, Conforti KM, de Souza JP, Kim N, Tedesco M, Khoiruddin K, Wenten IG, Santiago JG, Hatton TA, Bazant MZ. Electrochemical Methods for Water Purification, Ion Separations, and Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13547-13635. [PMID: 35904408 PMCID: PMC9413246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural development, extensive industrialization, and rapid growth of the global population have inadvertently been accompanied by environmental pollution. Water pollution is exacerbated by the decreasing ability of traditional treatment methods to comply with tightening environmental standards. This review provides a comprehensive description of the principles and applications of electrochemical methods for water purification, ion separations, and energy conversion. Electrochemical methods have attractive features such as compact size, chemical selectivity, broad applicability, and reduced generation of secondary waste. Perhaps the greatest advantage of electrochemical methods, however, is that they remove contaminants directly from the water, while other technologies extract the water from the contaminants, which enables efficient removal of trace pollutants. The review begins with an overview of conventional electrochemical methods, which drive chemical or physical transformations via Faradaic reactions at electrodes, and proceeds to a detailed examination of the two primary mechanisms by which contaminants are separated in nondestructive electrochemical processes, namely electrokinetics and electrosorption. In these sections, special attention is given to emerging methods, such as shock electrodialysis and Faradaic electrosorption. Given the importance of generating clean, renewable energy, which may sometimes be combined with water purification, the review also discusses inverse methods of electrochemical energy conversion based on reverse electrosorption, electrowetting, and electrokinetic phenomena. The review concludes with a discussion of technology comparisons, remaining challenges, and potential innovations for the field such as process intensification and technoeconomic optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad
A. Alkhadra
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiao Su
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Matthew E. Suss
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion—Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel,Wolfson
Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion—Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel,Nancy
and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Huanhuan Tian
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Eric N. Guyes
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion—Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Amit N. Shocron
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion—Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Kameron M. Conforti
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - J. Pedro de Souza
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nayeong Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michele Tedesco
- European
Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Wetsus, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Khoiruddin Khoiruddin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi
Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia,Research
Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - I Gede Wenten
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi
Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia,Research
Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha no. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Juan G. Santiago
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - T. Alan Hatton
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Martin Z. Bazant
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States,Department
of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States,
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22
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Xu L, Liu D, Liu W, Yang J, Huang J, Wang X, He Q. Ammonia Recovery from Wastewater as a Fuel: Effects of Supporting Electrolyte on Ammonium Permeation through a Cation-Exchange Membrane. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:20634-20643. [PMID: 35755378 PMCID: PMC9219067 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrodeionization (EDI) is used to recover ammonia from wastewater as a fuel, but how its performance for ammonia recovery is affected by the supporting electrolyte is not very clear. This study involved experimental tests and theoretical calculations on NH3 recovery, NH4 + permeation, and NH4 + and Na+ interacting with the functional groups in a cation exchange membrane (CEM) using Na2SO4 as the supporting electrolyte. The results demonstrated that a low concentration (≤0.250 mol L-1 of Na2SO4) was conducive to NH4 + permeation, while the a concentration (0.750 mol L-1 of Na2SO4) hindered NH4 + permeation. A maximum recovery efficiency of ammonia of 80.00%, a current efficiency of 70.10%, and an energy balance ratio of 0.66 were obtained at 0.250 mol L-1 of Na2SO4. Numerical results indicated that an increase in Na2SO4 concentration caused severe concentration polarization that resisted NH4 + migration in the CEM. The DFT results demonstrated that competitive adsorption of Na+ to the CEM hindered NH4 + migration. The weaker interacting force between NH4 + and the sulfonate functional group (-SOH3) in comparison to that between Na+ and -SOH3 might be related to the geometric and orientation effects, which generated an additional energy barrier for NH4 + transport. Therefore, this study suggests that the supporting electrolyte concentration should be matched with that of the desalted ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linji Xu
- Faculty
of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingyang Liu
- Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Heterogeneous Material Mechanics, College of Aerospace
Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 401174, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing
University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Heterogeneous Material Mechanics, College of Aerospace
Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang He
- Faculty
of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Sundararaman R, Vigil-Fowler D, Schwarz K. Improving the Accuracy of Atomistic Simulations of the Electrochemical Interface. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10651-10674. [PMID: 35522135 PMCID: PMC10127457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Atomistic simulation of the electrochemical double layer is an ambitious undertaking, requiring quantum mechanical description of electrons, phase space sampling of liquid electrolytes, and equilibration of electrolytes over nanosecond time scales. All models of electrochemistry make different trade-offs in the approximation of electrons and atomic configurations, from the extremes of classical molecular dynamics of a complete interface with point-charge atoms to correlated electronic structure methods of a single electrode configuration with no dynamics or electrolyte. Here, we review the spectrum of simulation techniques suitable for electrochemistry, focusing on the key approximations and accuracy considerations for each technique. We discuss promising approaches, such as enhanced sampling techniques for atomic configurations and computationally efficient beyond density functional theory (DFT) electronic methods, that will push electrochemical simulations beyond the present frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Derek Vigil-Fowler
- Materials, Chemical, and Computational Science Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kathleen Schwarz
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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24
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Tan S, Zhang D, Nguyen MT, Shutthanandan V, Varga T, Rousseau R, Johnson GE, Glezakou VA, Prabhakaran V. Tuning the Charge and Hydrophobicity of Graphene Oxide Membranes by Functionalization with Ionic Liquids at Epoxide Sites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19031-19042. [PMID: 35420797 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) membranes is generally achieved using carboxyl groups as binding sites for ligands. Herein, by taking advantage of the ability of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) to undergo an epoxide ring-opening reaction, a new approach of GO modification was established, in which ILs were bonded to the abundant epoxides on GO without sacrificing the carboxyl groups. Computational methods confirmed this unique configuration of ILs on GO, which enabled the dispersion of IL/GO flakes in water for facile casting into laminate membranes. Compared with neat GO, the ILs in IL/GO membranes served as spacers that substantially reduced the multi-valent cation mobility, simultaneously facilitated ion desolvation, and increased the water flux across the membrane. Our studies found that the higher separation efficiency of IL/GO membranes may be attributed to the synergistic modification of the hydrophobicity and surface charge. Specifically, the protonated nitrogen of the imidazolium cations altered the surface charge of GO, thereby generating electrostatic repulsion that enhanced the selectivity of cation rejection. On the other hand, the increased length of the alkyl chains bound to the imidazolium rings was found to increase the hydrophobicity of GO, which, in turn, aided the fine-tuning of the water desolvation/transport dynamics at the GO/IL interface to achieve a high water flux. Additionally, the water retention was reduced on the hydrophobic planes, which inhibited GO swelling during aqueous separations. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed increased water diffusivity when ILs were intercalated within GO layers. We establish that without requiring a high energy input, functionalization of GO membranes with ILs may be a promising approach to achieve efficient ion separation and critical material recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Tan
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Difan Zhang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Vaithiyalingam Shutthanandan
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Tamas Varga
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Roger Rousseau
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Grant E Johnson
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Vassiliki-Alexandra Glezakou
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Venkateshkumar Prabhakaran
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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25
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Bruch D, Balzer C, Wang ZG. Thermodynamics of Electrolyte Solutions Near Charged Surfaces: Constant Surface Charge vs. Constant Surface Potential. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:174704. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0089260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Electric double layers are ubiquitous in science and engineering and are of current interest, owing to their applications in the stabilization of colloidal suspensions and as supercapacitors. While the structure and properties of electric double layers in electrolyte solutions near a charged surface are well characterized, there are subtleties in calculating thermodynamic properties from the free energy of a system with charged surfaces. These subtleties arise from the difference in the free energy between systems with constant surface charge and constant surface potential. In this work, we present a systematic, pedagogical framework to properly account for the different specifications on charged bodies in electrolyte solutions. Our approach is fully variational---that is, all free energies, boundary conditions, relevant electrostatic equations, and thermodynamic quantities are systematically derived using variational principles of thermodynamics. We illustrate our approach by considering a simple electrolyte solution between two charged surfaces using the Poisson--Boltzmann theory. Our results highlight the importance of using the proper thermodynamic potential and provide a general framework for calculating thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solutions near charged surfaces. Specifically, we present the calculation of the pressure and the surface tension between two charged surfaces for different boundary conditions, including mixed boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Bruch
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, United States of America
| | | | - Zhen-Gang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, United States of America
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26
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Schalenbach M, Durmus YE, Tempel H, Kungl H, Eichel RA. The role of the double layer for the pseudocapacitance of the hydrogen adsorption on platinum. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3375. [PMID: 35233048 PMCID: PMC8888654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudocapacitances such as the hydrogen adsorption on platinum (HAoPt) are associated with faradaic chemical processes that appear as capacitive in their potentiodynamic response, which was reported to result from the kinetics of adsorption processes. This study discusses an alternative interpretation of the partly capacitive response of the HAoPt that is based on the proton transport of ad- or desorbed hydrogen in the double layer. Potentiodynamic perturbations of equilibrated surface states of the HAoPt lead to typical double layer responses with the characteristic resistive–capacitive relaxations that overshadow the fast adsorption kinetics. A potential-dependent double layer representation by a dynamic transmission line model incorporates the HAoPt in terms of capacitive contributions and can computationally reconstruct the charge exchanged in full range cyclic voltammetry data. The coupling of charge transfer with double layer dynamics displays a novel physicochemical theory to explain the phenomenon of pseudocapacitance and the mechanisms in thereon based supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schalenbach
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK‑9), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Y Emre Durmus
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK‑9), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hermann Tempel
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK‑9), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Hans Kungl
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK‑9), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger-A Eichel
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK‑9), Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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27
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Interfacial Pockels Effect of Solvents with a Larger Static Dielectric Constant than Water and an Ionic Liquid on the Surface of a Transparent Oxide Electrode. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The optical Pockels effect is a change in the refractive index proportional to an applied electric field. As a typical example of the interfacial Pockels effect occurring at interfaces where the spatial inversion symmetry is broken, it is known that water in the electric double layer (EDL) on the transparent oxide electrode surface has a large Pockels coefficient, but the physical factors that determine its size are not clear. Therefore, we experimentally studied the Pockels effect of water and other characteristic liquids—formamide (FA), methylformamide (NMF) (these two have larger static dielectric constants than water), dimethylformamide (DMF), and an ionic liquid that is itself salts (IL, [BMIM] [BF4])—and evaluated their Pockels coefficients in the EDL on the transparent electrode surface. The magnitude of the Pockels coefficient was found to be in the order of water, DMF, FA, NMF, and IL, with the magnitude of the static dielectric constant not being an important factor.
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28
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Double-Layer Capacitances Caused by Ion–Solvent Interaction in the Form of Langmuir-Typed Concentration Dependence. ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem2040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations of the double layer capacitances (DLCs) at a platinum electrode with concentrations and kinds of salts in aqueous solutions were examined in the context of facilitating orientation of solvent dipoles. With an increase in ionic concentrations, the DLCs increased by ca. a half and then kept constant at concentrations over 1 mol dm−3. This increase was classically explained in terms of the Gouy–Chapman (GC) equation combined with the Stern model. Unfortunately, measured DLCs were neither satisfied with the Stern model nor the GC theory. Our model suggests that salts destroy hydrogen bonds at the electrode–solution interface to orient water dipoles toward the external electric field. A degree of the orientation depends on the interaction energy between the salt ion and a water dipole. The statistical mechanic calculation allowed us to derive an equation for the DLC as a function of salt concentration and the interaction energy. The equation took the Langmuir-type in the relation with the concentration. The interaction energy was obtained for eight kinds of salts. The energy showed a linear relation with the interaction energy of ion–solvent for viscosity, called the B-coefficient.
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Islam MS, Shudo Y, Hayami S. Energy conversion and storage in fuel cells and super-capacitors from chemical modifications of carbon allotropes: State-of-art and prospect. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yuta Shudo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials (IINa), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Center for Agricultural and Environmental Biology (IRCAEB) 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Aderyani S, Flouda P, Shah S, Green M, Lutkenhaus J, Ardebili H. Simulation of cyclic voltammetry in structural supercapacitors with pseudocapacitance behavior. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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AlQahtani H, Alswieleh A, Al-Khurayyif I, AlGarni S, Grell M. Parallel Potentiometric and Capacitive Response in a Water-Gate Thin Film Transistor Biosensor at High Ionic Strength. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21165618. [PMID: 34451066 PMCID: PMC8402598 DOI: 10.3390/s21165618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We show that an SnO2-based water-gate thin film transistor (WGTFT) biosensor responds to a waterborne analyte, the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, by a parallel potentiometric and capacitive mechanism. We draw our conclusion from an analysis of transistor output characteristics, which avoids the known ambiguities of the common analysis based on transfer characteristics. Our findings contrast with reports on organic WGTFT biosensors claiming a purely capacitive response due to screening effects in high ionic strength electrolytes, but are consistent with prior work that clearly shows a potentiometric response even in strong electrolytes. We provide a detailed critique of prior WGTFT analysis and screening reasoning. Empirically, both potentiometric and capacitive responses can be modelled quantitatively by a Langmuir‒Freundlich (LF) law, which is mathematically equivalent to the Hill equation that is frequently used for biosensor response characteristics. However, potentiometric and capacitive model parameters disagree. Instead, the potentiometric response follows the Nikolsky-Eisenman law, treating the analyte ‘RBD spike protein’ as an ion carrying two elementary charges. These insights are uniquely possible thanks to the parallel presence of two response mechanisms, as well as their reliable delineation, as presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi AlQahtani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.-K.); (S.A.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdullah Alswieleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim Al-Khurayyif
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.-K.); (S.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Saad AlGarni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.-K.); (S.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Martin Grell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (I.A.-K.); (S.A.); (M.G.)
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32
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Varela L, Andraus S, Trizac E, Téllez G. Relaxation dynamics of two interacting electrical double-layers in a 1D Coulomb system. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:394001. [PMID: 34233303 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We consider an out-of-equilibrium one-dimensional model for two electrical double-layers. With a combination of exact calculations and Brownian dynamics simulations, we compute the relaxation time (τ) for an electroneutral salt-free suspension, made up of two fixed colloids, withNneutralizing mobile counterions. ForNodd, the two double-layers never decouple, irrespective of their separationL; this is the regime of like-charge attraction, whereτexhibits a diffusive scaling inL2for largeL. On the other hand, for evenN,Lno longer is the relevant length scale for setting the relaxation time; this role is played by the Bjerrum length. This leads to distinctly different dynamics: forNeven, thermal effects are detrimental to relaxation, increasingτ, while they accelerate relaxation forNodd. Finally, we also show that the mean-field theory is recovered for largeNand moreover, that it remains an operational treatment down to relatively small values ofN(N> 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Varela
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LPTMS, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sergio Andraus
- Graduate School of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | - Gabriel Téllez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Bhattacharyya D, Videla PE, Cattaneo M, Batista VS, Lian T, Kubiak CP. Vibrational Stark shift spectroscopy of catalysts under the influence of electric fields at electrode-solution interfaces. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10131-10149. [PMID: 34377403 PMCID: PMC8336477 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01876k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
External control of chemical processes is a subject of widespread interest in chemical research, including control of electrocatalytic processes with significant promise in energy research. The electrochemical double-layer is the nanoscale region next to the electrode/electrolyte interface where chemical reactions typically occur. Understanding the effects of electric fields within the electrochemical double layer requires a combination of synthesis, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and theory. In particular, vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy is a powerful technique to probe the response of molecular catalysts at the electrode interface under bias. Fundamental understanding can be obtained via synthetic tuning of the adsorbed molecular catalysts on the electrode surface and by combining experimental VSFG data with theoretical modelling of the Stark shift response. The resulting insights at the molecular level are particularly valuable for the development of new methodologies to control and characterize catalysts confined to electrode surfaces. This Perspective article is focused on how systematic modifications of molecules anchored to surfaces report information concerning the geometric, energetic, and electronic parameters of catalysts under bias attached to electrode surfaces. Heterogeneous electrocatalysis: characterization of interfacial electric field within the electrochemical double layer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhritiman Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Pablo E Videla
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University 225 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA
| | - Mauricio Cattaneo
- INQUINOA-UNT-CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Instituto de Química Física, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Ayacucho 471 (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University 225 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Clifford P Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla California 92093 USA
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Identification of the different contributions of pseudocapacitance and quantum capacitance and their electronic-structure-based intrinsic transport kinetics in electrode materials. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Shaikh JS, Shaikh NS, Mishra YK, Pawar SS, Parveen N, Shewale PM, Sabale S, Kanjanaboos P, Praserthdam S, Lokhande CD. The implementation of graphene-based aerogel in the field of supercapacitor. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:362001. [PMID: 34125718 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and graphene-based hybrid materials have emerged as an outstanding supercapacitor electrode material primarily because of their excellent surface area, high electrical conductivity, and improved thermal, mechanical, electrochemical cycling stabilities. Graphene alone exhibits electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) with low energy density and high power density. The use of aerogels in a supercapacitor is a pragmatic approach due to its extraordinary properties like ultra-lightweight, high porosity and specific surface area. The aerogels encompass a high volume of pores which leads to easy soak by the electrolyte and fast charge-discharge process. Graphene aerogels assembled into three-dimensional (3D) architecture prevent there stacking of graphene sheets and maintain the high surface area and hence excellent cycling stability and rate capacitance. However, the energy density of graphene aerogels is limited due to EDLC type of charge storage mechanism. Consequently, 3D graphene aerogel coupled with pseudocapacitive materials such as transition metal oxides, metal hydroxides, conducting polymers, nitrides, chalcogenides show an efficient energy density and power density performance due to the presence of both types of charge storage mechanisms. This laconic review focuses on the design and development of graphene-based aerogel in the field of the supercapacitor. This review is an erudite article about methods, technology and electrochemical properties of graphene aerogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin S Shaikh
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur, 416006, Maharashtra, India
| | - Navajsharif S Shaikh
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - S S Pawar
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Vadgaon, Pune, 41, India
| | - Nazish Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, PO Box 380, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poonam M Shewale
- D. Y. Patil School of Engineering and Technology, Lohegaon, Pune-412 105, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandip Sabale
- P.G. Department of Chemistry, Jaysingpur College, Jaysingpur-416101, India
| | - Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supareak Praserthdam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chandrakant D Lokhande
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur, 416006, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract
Many key industrial processes, from electricity production, conversion, and storage to electrocatalysis or electrochemistry in general, rely on physical mechanisms occurring at the interface between a metallic electrode and an electrolyte solution, summarized by the concept of an electric double layer, with the accumulation/depletion of electrons on the metal side and of ions on the liquid side. While electrostatic interactions play an essential role in the structure, thermodynamics, dynamics, and reactivity of electrode-electrolyte interfaces, these properties also crucially depend on the nature of the ions and solvent, as well as that of the metal itself. Such interfaces pose many challenges for modeling because they are a place where quantum chemistry meets statistical physics. In the present review, we explore the recent advances in the description and understanding of electrode-electrolyte interfaces with classical molecular simulations, with a focus on planar interfaces and solvent-based liquids, from pure solvent to water-in-salt electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Scalfi
- Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, CNRS 8234, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, CNRS 8234, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Benjamin Rotenberg
- Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, CNRS 8234, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
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37
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Yang J, Gallegos A, Lian C, Deng S, Liu H, Wu J. Curvature effects on electric-double-layer capacitance. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gong Z, Padua AAH. Effect of side chain modifications in imidazolium ionic liquids on the properties of the electrical double layer at a molybdenum disulfide electrode. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084504. [PMID: 33639754 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of how the molecular structures of ionic liquids (ILs) affect their properties at electrified interfaces is key to the rational design of ILs for electric applications. Polarizable molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the structural, electrical, and dynamic properties of electric double layers (EDLs) formed by imidazolium dicyanamide ([ImX1][DCA]) at the interface with the molybdenum disulfide electrode. The effect of side chain of imidazolium on the properties of EDLs was analyzed by using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([Im21]), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium ([Im81]), 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium ([ImB1]), and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium ([ImO1]) as cations. Using [Im21] as reference, we find that the introduction of octyl or benzyl groups significantly alters the interfacial structures near the cathode because of the reorientation of cations. For [Im81], the positive charge on the cathode induces pronounced polar and non-polar domain separation. In contrast, the hydroxyl group has a minor effect on the interfacial structures. [ImB1] is shown to deliver slightly larger capacitance than other ILs even though it has larger molecular volume than [Im21]. This is attributed to the limiting factor for capacitance being the strong association between counter-ions, instead of the free space available to ions at the interface. For [Im81], the charging mechanism is mainly the exchange between anions and octyl tails, while for the other ILs, the mechanism is mainly the exchange of counter-ions. Analysis on the charging process shows that the charging speed does not correlate strongly with macroscopic bulk dynamics like viscosity. Instead, it is dominated by local displacement and reorientation of ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gong
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Agilio A H Padua
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, 69364 Lyon, France
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Li P, Lee GH, Kim SY, Kwon SY, Kim HR, Park S. From Diagnosis to Treatment: Recent Advances in Patient-Friendly Biosensors and Implantable Devices. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1960-2004. [PMID: 33534541 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Patient-friendly medical diagnostics and treatments have been receiving a great deal of interest due to their rapid and cost-effective health care applications with minimized risk of infection, which has the potential to replace conventional hospital-based medical procedures. In particular, the integration of recently developed materials into health care devices allows the rapid development of point-of-care (POC) sensing platforms and implantable devices with special functionalities. In this review, the recent advances in biosensors for patient-friendly diagnosis and implantable devices for patient-friendly treatment are discussed. Comprehensive analysis of portable and wearable biosensing platforms for patient-friendly health monitoring and disease diagnosis is provided, including topics such as materials selection, device structure and integration, and biomarker detection strategies. Moreover, specific challenges related to each biological fluid for wearable biosensor-based POC applications are presented. Also, advances in implantable devices, including recent materials development and wireless communication strategies, are discussed. Furthermore, various patient-friendly surgical and treatment approaches are reviewed, such as minimally invasive insertion and mounting, in vivo electrical and optical modulations, and post-operation health monitoring. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives toward the development of the patient-friendly diagnosis and treatment are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Hee Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Young Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- College of Dentistry and Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Steve Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Wang M, Wang Y, Li M, Wang S, He H. Atomic structure and electrical property of ionic liquids at the MoS 2 electrode with varying interlayer spacing. J Mol Model 2021; 27:41. [PMID: 33459900 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the structure and properties at the electrolyte-electrode interface is vital for the rational design of the supercapacitors or other electrochemical devices. In this work, we explored the influence of interlayer spacing of the MoS2 electrode on the interfacial structure and electrical properties of sodium-ionic liquids (ILs) electrolytes via performing the all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. From the number density, charge density, and electrical potential distribution near the surface, the Mo- and S-terminal edges possess positive and negative features when the interlayer spacing is less than 8.5 Å. Meanwhile, the strength of the first density layer of ILs increases with the increase of the interlayer spacing of MoS2 for both Mo- and S- terminal surfaces in the neutral or charging state. Furthermore, the coordination number of sodium ion at the electrode surface was analyzed, and it was shown that the S-terminal surface has a larger coordination number than that on the Mo-terminal surface. Interestingly, the coordination number of MoS2 with the interlayer spacing of 8.0 Å is the lowest in the ranges of 6.5~8.5 Å. The electrolyte's charge screening factor also reflects the opposite electrical state of Mo- and S-terminal surfaces and weakens with increasing the interlayer spacing and surface charge density. The obtained understanding of ILs at electrode interfaces with different layer spacings in this work will provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of ILs-based sodium supercapacitors or other electrochemical devices in critical chemical engineering processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Quality & Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Xueyuan Street 258, Xiasha University Park, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sufan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| | - Hongyan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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Liu H, Zhou ZY, Li SH, Lu BA, Zhao HW, Liu QQ. The preparation and characterization of high-performance mesoporous carbon from a highly π-conjugated polybenzoxazine precursor. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06194h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work focusing on the effects of chemical structure can broaden the study of functional mesoporous carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage And Conversion
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- China
| | - Zi-yuan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage And Conversion
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- China
| | - Shi-han Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage And Conversion
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- China
| | - Bing-an Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry Hunan University, and School of Physics and Electronics
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Hong-wei Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage And Conversion
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- China
| | - Qing-quan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage And Conversion
- Hunan University of Science and Technology
- Xiangtan 411201
- China
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Bakhshandeh A, Segala M, Colla T. Electrolytes in regimes of strong confinement: surface charge modulations, osmotic equilibrium and electroneutrality. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10488-10505. [PMID: 33073284 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we study an electrolyte solution confined between planar surfaces with nanopatterned charged domains, which has been connected to a bulk ionic reservoir. The system is investigated through an improved Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method, suitable for simulation of electrolytes in the presence of modulated surface charge distributions. We also employ a linear approach in the spirit of the classical Debye-Hückel approximation, which allows one to obtain explicit expressions for the averaged potentials, ionic profiles, effective surface interactions and the net ionic charge confined between the walls. Emphasis is placed on the limit of strongly confined electrolytes, in which case local electroneutrality in the inter-surface space might not be fulfilled. In order to access the effects of such a lack of local charge neutrality on the ion-induced interactions between surfaces with modulated charge domains, we consider two distinct model systems for the confined electrolyte: one in which a salt reservoir is explicitly taken into account via the osmotic equilibrium with an electrolyte of fixed bulk concentration, and a second one in which the equilibrium with a charge neutral ionic reservoir is implicitly considered. While in the former case the osmotic ion exchange might lead to non-vanishing net charges, in the latter model charge neutrality is enforced through the appearance of an implicit Donnan potential across the charged interfaces. A strong dependence of the ion-induced surface interactions on the employed model system is observed at all surface separations. These findings strongly suggest that due care is to be taken while choosing among different scenarios to describe the ion exchange in electrolytes confined between charged surfaces, even in cases when the monopole (non zero net charge) surface contributions are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Bakhshandeh
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. and Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maximiliano Segala
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Colla
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
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43
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Yang J, Lian C, Liu H. Chain length matters: Structural transition and capacitance of room temperature ionic liquids in nanoporous electrodes. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Lamperski S. Structural and thermodynamic properties of the electrical double layer in slit nanopores: A Monte Carlo study. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:134703. [PMID: 33032423 DOI: 10.1063/5.0020905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation techniques at a constant electrode-electrolyte potential drop are employed to study the differential capacitance of a planar electric double layer in slit nanopores. According to the technique, a single randomly selected ion is exchanged between a simulation box and a reservoir. The probability of this step is given by the GCMC algorithm. To preserve the electroneutrality of the system after the ion exchange, the electrode charge is adequately modified, which produces electrode charge fluctuations. The charge fluctuations are used to calculate the differential capacitance of the double layer. Results for the ion distributions, electrode surface charge density, and differential capacitance in slit nanopores are reported for a symmetric system of +1:-1 ionic valences with a common ionic diameter of 0.4 nm at electrolyte concentrations of 0.2M, 1.0M, and 2.5M, pore widths of 0.6 nm, 0.8 nm, and 1.2 nm, a potential drop of 0.05 V, a relative permittivity of 78.5, and a temperature of 298.15 K. These results are compared with the corresponding data for a +1:-2 valence asymmetric system and a size asymmetric system with ionic diameters of 0.4 nm and 0.3 nm. The results show that with increasing electrolyte concentration, the range of confinement effects decreases. For divalent anions, the width dependence of electrode charge and differential capacitance reveals a maximum. The differential capacitance curves show a camel shape to bell shape transition as the electrolyte concentration increases. Asymmetry in both ionic valences and diameters leads to asymmetric capacitance curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Lamperski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Wang YL, Li B, Sarman S, Mocci F, Lu ZY, Yuan J, Laaksonen A, Fayer MD. Microstructural and Dynamical Heterogeneities in Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5798-5877. [PMID: 32292036 PMCID: PMC7349628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a special category of molten salts solely composed of ions with varied molecular symmetry and charge delocalization. The versatility in combining varied cation-anion moieties and in functionalizing ions with different atoms and molecular groups contributes to their peculiar interactions ranging from weak isotropic associations to strong, specific, and anisotropic forces. A delicate interplay among intra- and intermolecular interactions facilitates the formation of heterogeneous microstructures and liquid morphologies, which further contributes to their striking dynamical properties. Microstructural and dynamical heterogeneities of ILs lead to their multifaceted properties described by an inherent designer feature, which makes ILs important candidates for novel solvents, electrolytes, and functional materials in academia and industrial applications. Due to a massive number of combinations of ion pairs with ion species having distinct molecular structures and IL mixtures containing varied molecular solvents, a comprehensive understanding of their hierarchical structural and dynamical quantities is of great significance for a rational selection of ILs with appropriate properties and thereafter advancing their macroscopic functionalities in applications. In this review, we comprehensively trace recent advances in understanding delicate interplay of strong and weak interactions that underpin their complex phase behaviors with a particular emphasis on understanding heterogeneous microstructures and dynamics of ILs in bulk liquids, in mixtures with cosolvents, and in interfacial regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lei Wang
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bin Li
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
| | - Sten Sarman
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Mocci
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aatto Laaksonen
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- Centre of
Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Department
of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Michael D. Fayer
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Electric double layer formation and storing energy processes on graphene-based supercapacitors from electrical and thermodynamic perspectives. J Mol Model 2020; 26:159. [PMID: 32468204 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the processes of electrical double layer formation and electrolyte confinement in graphene-based supercapacitors. For both processes, free energy calculations were used to analyze the thermodynamics involved in the electrolyte confinement and its re-arrangement in a double layer on the electrode surface. The value of the free energy of the formation of the double electric layer was related to the energy required to charge the supercapacitor, i.e., the energy density stored, and compared with values obtained using Poisson's electrostatic formalism, which is the conventionally employed approach. Both analyzes were consistent with each other, presenting compatible values for the stored energy.
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Khademi M, Barz DPJ. Structure of the Electrical Double Layer Revisited: Electrode Capacitance in Aqueous Solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4250-4260. [PMID: 32227968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the electrical double layer at the interface of planar electrodes and aqueous solutions is investigated. Electrical impedance spectroscopy is used to measure the impedance of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and two different surfactants over a wide range of concentrations. The electrode capacitance is directly inferred from the admittance spectra as well as by regression of the impedance spectra to an equivalent circuit. It is found that the electrode capacitance remains on the same order of magnitude over the entire range of investigated concentrations. This is contradictive to the predictions of the Gouy-Chapman-Stern theory which predicts that, at low concentrations, the electrode capacitance should be determined by the diffuse layer. It is concluded that the Stern layer capacitance always dominates the electrode capacitance, even at very low concentrations, and the establishment of a diffuse layer capacitance requires an ionic strength of around 1 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Khademi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Dominik P J Barz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Kibona TE, Achola L, Kerns P, Macharia J, King’ondu CK, Suib SL. Highly microporous Parinari Curatellifolia carbon nanomaterials for supercapacitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2020.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yang J, Ding Y, Lian C, Ying S, Liu H. Theoretical Insights into the Structures and Capacitive Performances of Confined Ionic Liquids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030722. [PMID: 32213943 PMCID: PMC7183059 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) together with nano-porous electrodes are the most promising materials for supercapacitors and batteries. Many theoretical works have addressed the structures and performances of RTILs inside nanopores. However, only limited attention has been given to how the dispersion forces of RTILs influence the behavior of ions inside the slit pores. Toward this aim, we investigate the effects of various dispersion forces between ions on the macroscopic structures in nanoconfinement and the capacitance performance of supercapacitors by the classical density functional theory (CDFT). The results show that the dispersion force can significantly change the mechanism of the charging process and even the shape of differential capacitance curves. In addition, the voltage-dependent structures of RTILs with appropriate dispersion force appears in a given silt pore, which leads to extremely high capacitance and enhances the energy storage density. We hope that this work could further offer guidance for the optimizing of electrolytes for electrical double layer capacitors, like tuning the dispersion force between ions by adding/removing certain chemical groups on the cations and anions of RTILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yajun Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Cheng Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Sanjiu Ying
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Honglai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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50
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Park S, McDaniel JG. Interference of electrical double layers: Confinement effects on structure, dynamics, and screening of ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074709. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5144260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suehyun Park
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
| | - Jesse G. McDaniel
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
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