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Ko HS, Kang M, Lee JT, Bae JY. Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Sol with Low Refractive Properties for Increasing Transmittance. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:892. [PMID: 39064403 PMCID: PMC11278989 DOI: 10.3390/mi15070892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Currently, coating with anti-reflective materials is an attractive approach to improve the quality of screen-based displays. In this study, mesoporous silica particles were systematically synthesized as a function of surfactant (i.e., CTAC-cetyltrimethylammonium chloride) concentration to serve as main coating fillers possessing low refractive indices. Precisely changing the amount of the CTAC surfactant, silica sol with an average diameter of 50 nm exhibits distinctively different specific surface areas, pore size, and pore volume. Prior to the preparation of final coating solutions containing these silica particle fillers, the percentage of solid content was optimized on a glass slide. The use of 50 wt% solid content exhibited the highest transmittance of light. Among various content levels of silica sol, the use of 3.5 wt% of silica particles in the solid content displayed the highest transmittance (i.e., best anti-reflectiveness). Under the almost identical coating layers prepared with the fixed amount of silica particles possessing different surface areas, pore size, and pore volume, it appears that the largest pore volume played the most important role in improving the anti-reflective properties. Experimentally understanding the key feature of low-refractive filler materials under the optimized conditions could provide a clear view to develop highly effective anti-reflective materials for various display applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jae Young Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.K.); (M.K.); (J.-t.L.)
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2
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Pizarro AD, Berli CLA, Soler-Illia GJAA, Bellino MG. Ion-Fluid Transport-Control Feedback along Nanopore Networks. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16199-16207. [PMID: 38860922 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Biological signaling correlates with the interrelation between ion and nanofluidic transportation pathways. However, artificial embodies with reconfigurable ion-fluid transport interaction aspects remain largely elusive. Herein, we unveiled an intimate interplay between nanopore-driven advancing flow and ion carriage for the spontaneous imbibition of aqueous solutions at the nanoporous thin film level. Ionic factors dominate transport phenomena processing and integration (ions influence fluid motion, which in turn governs the self-regulated ion traveling). We show an ion-induced translation effect that finely converts a chemical input, the nature of ions, into a related fluidic output: modulation of the extent of imbibition. We further find complex imbibition dynamics induced by the ion type and population. We peculiarly pinpoint a stop-and-go effective transport process with a programmable delay time triggered by selective guest-host interactions. The ion-fluid transport interplay is captured by a simple model that considers the counterbalance between the capillary infiltration and solution concentration, owing to water loss at the nanoporous film-air interface. Our results demonstrate that nanopore networks present fresh scenarios for understanding and controlling autonomous macroscopic liquid locomotion and offer a distinctive working principle for smart ion operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin D Pizarro
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, (INS-EByN-UNSAM-CONICET), Av. 25 de Mayo 1169, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Claudio Luis Alberto Berli
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC-UNL-CONICET) Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Galo J A A Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, (INS-EByN-UNSAM-CONICET), Av. 25 de Mayo 1169, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Martín Gonzalo Bellino
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, San Martín, 1650 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Scala-Benuzzi M, Fernández SN, Giménez G, Ybarra G, Soler-Illia GJAA. Ordered Mesoporous Electrodes for Sensing Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24128-24152. [PMID: 37457464 PMCID: PMC10339336 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors have become increasingly relevant in fields such as medicine, environmental monitoring, and industrial process control. Selectivity, specificity, sensitivity, signal reproducibility, and robustness are among the most important challenges for their development, especially when the target compound is present in low concentrations or in complex analytical matrices. In this context, electrode modification with Mesoporous Thin Films (MTFs) has aroused great interest in the past years. MTFs present high surface area, uniform pore distribution, and tunable pore size. Furthermore, they offer a wide variety of electrochemical signal modulation possibilities through molecular sieving, electrostatic or steric exclusion, and preconcentration effects which are due to mesopore confinement and surface functionalization. In order to fully exploit these advantages, it is central to develop reproducible routes for sensitive, selective, and robust MTF-modified electrodes. In addition, it is necessary to understand the complex mass and charge transport processes that take place through the film (particularly in the mesopores, pore surfaces, and interfaces) and on the electrode in order to design future intelligent and adaptive sensors. We present here an overview of MTFs applied to electrochemical sensing, in which we address their fabrication methods and the transport processes that are critical to the electrode response. We also summarize the current applications in biosensing and electroanalysis, as well as the challenges and opportunities brought by integrating MTF synthesis with electrode microfabrication, which is critical when moving from laboratory work to in situ sensing in the field of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- María
L. Scala-Benuzzi
- INTI-Micro
y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Nacional
de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, 1560 San Martín, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
- Instituto
de Nanosistemas, Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, UNSAM-CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo 1169, 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sol N. Fernández
- INTI-Micro
y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Nacional
de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, 1560 San Martín, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
- Instituto
de Nanosistemas, Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, UNSAM-CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo 1169, 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto
de Calidad Industrial (INCALIN-UNSAM), Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650 San Martín, Provincia
de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gustavo Giménez
- INTI-Micro
y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Nacional
de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, 1560 San Martín, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Ybarra
- INTI-Micro
y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Nacional
de Tecnología Industrial, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, 1560 San Martín, Buenos
Aires, Argentina
| | - Galo J. A. A. Soler-Illia
- Instituto
de Nanosistemas, Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, UNSAM-CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo 1169, 1650 San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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4
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Transition metal tungstates AWO4 (A2+ = Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) thin films and their photoelectrochemical behavior as photoanode for photocatalytic applications. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-023-01851-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Innocenzi P. Mesoporous ordered films via self-assembly: trends and perspectives. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13264-13279. [PMID: 36507165 PMCID: PMC9682886 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04828k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of ordered mesoporous films via self-assembly represents one of the main accomplishments in nanoscience. In fact, controlling the complex chemical-physical phenomena that govern the process triggered by the solvent's fast evaporation during film deposition has represented a challenging task. Several years after the first articles on the subject, the research in the field entered a new stage. New advanced applications based on the peculiar properties of mesoporous films are envisaged while basic research is still going on, especially to clarify the mechanism behind self-organization in a spatially defined environment and the physics and chemistry in mesoscale porosity. This review has been dedicated to analysing the main trends in the fields and the perspective for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plinio Innocenzi
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology (LMNT), Department of Biomedical Sciences, CR-INSTM, University of SassariViale San Pietro 43/BSassari 07100Italy,Department of Chemistry, University of United Arab Emirates, Al Ain. United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates
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6
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Hübner H, Niebuur B, Janka O, Gemmer L, Koch M, Kraus T, Kickelbick G, Stühn B, Gallei M. Crystalline Carbosilane‐Based Block Copolymers: Synthesis by Anionic Polymerization and Morphology Evaluation in the Bulk State. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hübner
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Universität des Saarlandes Campus Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Bart‐Jan Niebuur
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Oliver Janka
- Inorganic Solid‐State Chemistry Saarland University Campus C4 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Lea Gemmer
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Universität des Saarlandes Campus Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry Saarland University Campus D2 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Guido Kickelbick
- Inorganic Solid‐State Chemistry Saarland University Campus C4 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Bernd Stühn
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics Technical University of Darmstadt Hochschulstraße 8 64289 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Universität des Saarlandes Campus Saarbrücken Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Campus C4 2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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7
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Droplets in underlying chemical communication recreate cell interaction behaviors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3047. [PMID: 35650217 PMCID: PMC9160030 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sensory-motor interaction is a hallmark of living systems. However, developing inanimate systems with “recognize and attack” abilities remains challenging. On the other hand, controlling the inter-droplet dynamics on surfaces is key in microengineering and biomedical applications. We show here that a pair of droplets can become intelligently interactive (chemospecific stimulus-response inter-droplet autonomous operation) when placed on a nanoporous thin film surface. We find an attacker-victim-like non-reciprocal interaction between spatially separated droplets leading to an only-in-one shape instability that triggers a drop projection to selectively couple, resembling cellular phenomenologies such as pseudopod emission and phagocytic-like functions. The nanopore-driven underlying communication and associated chemical activity are the main physical ingredients behind the observed behavior. Our results reveal that basic features found in many living cell types can emerge from a simple two-droplet framework. This work is a promising step towards the design of microfluidic smart robotics and for origin-of-life protocell models. While a hallmark of living systems, developing sensory-motor interactions in inanimate systems remains challenging. Here, authors show that nanoporous surfaces can be used to create stimuli-responsive droplet interplay with shape transformation and complex behaviours reminiscent of living cell actions.
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8
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Hara M, Oguri R, Shingo S, Nagano S, Seki T. Crystallization-Induced Uniform Nanodots Formation of Titanium Dioxide Films. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Ryota Oguri
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Sarkar Shingo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
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9
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Wacht D, David M, Hinkov B, Detz H, Schwaighofer A, Baumgartner B, Lendl B. Mesoporous Zirconia Coating for Sensing Applications Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:141-149. [PMID: 34918968 DOI: 10.1177/00037028211057156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mid-infrared attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for in situ monitoring of various processes. Mesoporous silica, an extensively studied material, has already been applied in sensing schemes due to its high surface area and tunable surface chemistry. However, its poor chemical stability in aqueous solutions at pH values higher than 8 and strong absorption below 1250 cm-1 limits its range of applications. To circumvent these problems, a mesoporous zirconia coating on ATR crystals was developed. Herein, the synthesis, surface modification, and characterization of ordered mesoporous zirconia films on Si wafers and Si-ATR crystals are presented. The modified coating was applied in sensing schemes using aromatic and aliphatic nitriles in aqueous solution as organic pollutants. The mesoporous zirconia coating shows strong chemical resistance when kept in alkaline solution for 72 h. The success of surface modification is confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Benzonitrile and valeronitrile in water are used as model analytes to evaluate the enrichment performance of the film. The experimental results are fitted using Freundlich isotherms, and enrichment factors of 162 and 26 are calculated for 10 mg L-1 benzonitrile and 25 mg L-1 valeronitrile in water, respectively. Limits of detection of 1 mg L-1 for benzonitrile and 11 mg L-1 for valeronitrile are obtained. The high chemical stability of this coating allows application in diverse fields such as catalysis with the possibility of in situ monitoring using FT-IR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wacht
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mauro David
- Institute of Solid-State Electronics and Center for Micro- and Nanostructures, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Borislav Hinkov
- Institute of Solid-State Electronics and Center for Micro- and Nanostructures, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Detz
- Institute of Solid-State Electronics and Center for Micro- and Nanostructures, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Schwaighofer
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bettina Baumgartner
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Lendl
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Ahoulou S, Vilà N, Pillet S, Carteret C, Schaniel D, Walcarius A. Multi-stimuli Photo and Redox-active Nanostructured Mesoporous Silica Films on Transparent Electrodes. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2464-2477. [PMID: 34708493 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Silica matrices hosting transition metal guest complexes may offer remarkable platforms for the development of advanced functional devices. We report here the elaboration of ordered and vertically oriented mesoporous silica thin films containing covalently attached tris(bipyridine)iron derivatives using a combination of electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method and Huisgen cycloaddition reaction. Such a versatile approach is primarily used to bind nitrogen-based chelating ligands such as (4-[(2-propyn-1-yloxy)]4'-methyl-2,2'-bypiridine, bpy') inside the nanochannels. Further derivatization of the bpy'-functionalized silica thin films is then achieved via a subsequent in-situ complexation step to generate [Fe(bpy)2 (bpy')]2+ inside the mesopore channels. After giving spectroscopic evidences for the presence of such complexes in the functionalized film, electrochemistry is used to transform the confined diamagnetic (S=0) F e L S b p y 2 b p y ' 2 + species to paramagnetic (S=1/2) oxidized F e L S b p y 2 b p y ' 3 + species in a reversible way, while blue light irradiation (λ=470 nm) enables populating the short-lived paramagnetic (S=2) F e H S b p y 2 b p y ' 2 + excited state. [Fe(bpy)2 (bpy')]2+ -functionalized ordered films are therefore both electro- and photo-active through the manipulation of the oxidation state and spin state of the confined complexes, paving the way for their integration in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ahoulou
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME UMR 7564, 54000, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, CRM2 UMR 7036, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Neus Vilà
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME UMR 7564, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Cédric Carteret
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME UMR 7564, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Alain Walcarius
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME UMR 7564, 54000, Nancy, France
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11
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Alberti S, Piccinini E, Ramirez PG, Longo GS, Ceolín M, Azzaroni O. Mesoporous thin films on graphene FETs: nanofiltered, amplified and extended field-effect sensing. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19098-19108. [PMID: 34761778 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ionic screening and the response of non-specific molecules are great challenges of biosensors based on field-effect transistors (FETs). In this work, we report the construction of graphene based transistors modified with mesoporous silica thin films (MTF-GFETs) and the unique (bio)sensing properties that arise from their synergy. The developed method allows the preparation of mesoporous thin films free of fissures, with an easily tunable thickness, and prepared on graphene-surfaces, preserving their electronic properties. The MTF-GFETs show good sensing capacity to small probes that diffuse inside the mesopores and reach the graphene semiconductor channel such as H+, OH-, dopamine and H2O2. Interestingly, MTF-GFETs display a greater electrostatic gating response in terms of amplitude and sensing range compared to bare-GFETs for charged macromolecules that infiltrate the pores. For example, for polyelectrolytes and proteins of low MW, the amplitude increases almost 100% and the sensing range extends more than one order of magnitude. Moreover, these devices show a size-excluded electrostatic gating response given by the pore size. These features are even displayed at physiological ionic strength. Finally, a developed thermodynamic model evidences that the amplification and extended field-effect properties arise from the decrease of free ions inside the MTFs due to the entropy loss of confining ions in the mesopores. Our results demonstrate that the synergistic coupling of mesoporous films with FETs leads to nanofiltered, amplified and extended field-effect sensing (NAExFES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Alberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Suc. 4, CC 16, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Esteban Piccinini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Suc. 4, CC 16, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Pedro G Ramirez
- Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis (IMASL), UNSL-CONICET, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriel S Longo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Suc. 4, CC 16, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Marcelo Ceolín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Suc. 4, CC 16, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Suc. 4, CC 16, La Plata, Argentina.
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Walcarius A. Electroinduced Surfactant Self-Assembly Driven to Vertical Growth of Oriented Mesoporous Films. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3563-3575. [PMID: 34469107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular soft-templating approaches to mesoporous materials have revolutionized the generation of regular nanoarchitectures exhibiting unique features such as uniform pore structure with tunable dimensions, large surface area, and high pore volume, variability of composition, and/or ease of functionalization with a wide range of organo-functional groups or good hosts for the in situ synthesis of nano-objects. One appealing concept in this field is the development of ordered mesoporous thin films as such a configuration has proven to be essential for various applications including separation, sensing, catalysis (electro and photo), energy conversion and storage, photonics, solar cells, photo- and electrochromism, and low-k dielectric coatings for microelectronics, bio and nanobio devices, or biomimetic surfaces. Supported or free-standing mesoporous films are mostly prepared by evaporation induced self-assembly methods, thanks to their good processing capability and flexibility to manufacture mesostructured oxides and organic-inorganic hybrids films with periodically organized porosity.One important challenge is the control of pore orientation, especially in one-dimensional nanostructures, which is not straightforward from the above evaporation induced self-assembly methods. Accessibility of the pores represents another critical issue, which can be basically ensured in the event of effective interconnections between the pores, but the vertical alignment of mesopore channels will definitely offer the best configuration to secure the most efficient transfer processes through the mesoporous membranes. The orthogonal growth of mesochannels is however not thermodynamically favored, requiring the development of methods enabling self-organization through nonequilibrium states. We found that electrochemistry afforded a real boon to tackle this problem via the electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method, which not only provides a fast and versatile way to generate highly ordered and hexagonally packed mesopore channels but also constitutes a real platform for the development of functionalized oriented films carrying a wide range of organo-functional groups of adjustable composition and properties.This Account introduces the EASA concept and discusses its development along with the significant progress made from its discovery, notably in view of recent advances on the functionalization of oriented mesoporous silica films, which expand their fields of application. EASA is based on the in situ combination of electrochemically triggered pH-induced polycondensation of silica precursors with electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating, leading to the very fast (a few seconds) growth of vertically aligned silica walls through self-assembly around surfactant hemimicelles transiently formed onto the underlying support. This method benefits from the possibility to deposit uniform thin films onto surfaces of different natures and complex morphologies including at the microscale. From this discovery, our research expanded to cover domains beyond the simple production of bare silica films, turning to the challenge of incorporation and exploitation of organo-functional groups or nanofilaments. So far, the great majority of methods developed for the functionalization of mesoporous silica is based on postsynthesis grafting or co-condensation approaches, which suffer from serious limitations with oriented films (pore blocking, lack of ordering). We demonstrated the uniqueness of EASA combined with click chemistry to afford a versatile and universal route to oriented mesoporous films bearing organo-functional groups of multiple composition. This opened perspectives for future developments and applications, some of which (sensing, permselective coatings, energy storage, electrocatalysis, electrochromism) are also considered in this Account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Walcarius
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l’Environnement (LCPME), 405 Rue de Vandoeuvre, F-54000 Nancy, France
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13
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SBA-15 with Crystalline Walls Produced via Thermal Treatment with the Alkali and Alkali Earth Metal Ions. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185270. [PMID: 34576497 PMCID: PMC8466871 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Crystalline walled SBA-15 with large pore size were prepared using alkali and alkali earth metal ions (Na+, Li+, K+ and Ca2+). For this work, the ratios of alkali metal ions (Si/metal ion) ranged from 2.1 to 80, while the temperatures tested ranged from 500 to 700 °C. The SBA-15 prepared with Si/Na+ ratios ranging from 2.1 to 40 at 700 °C exhibited both cristobalite and quartz SiO2 structures in pore walls. When the Na+ amount increased (i.e., Si/Na increased from 80 to 40), the pore size was increased remarkably but the surface area and pore volume of the metal ion-based SBA-15 were decreased. When the SBA-15 prepared with Li+, K+ and Ca2+ ions (Si/metal ion = 40) was thermally treated at 700 °C, the crystalline SiO2 of quartz structure with large pore diameter (i.e., 802.5 Å) was observed for Ca+2 ion-based SBA-15, while no crystalline SiO2 structures were observed in pore walls for both the K+ and Li+ ions treated SBA-15. The crystalline SiO2 structures may be formed by the rearrangement of silica matrix when alkali or alkali earth metal ions are inserted into silica matrix at elevated temperature.
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14
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Liu Y, Wang J, Teng W, Hung CT, Zhai Y, Shen D, Li W. Ultrahigh Adsorption Capacity and Kinetics of Vertically Oriented Mesoporous Coatings for Removal of Organic Pollutants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101363. [PMID: 34216424 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient removal of organic pollutants currently is a main worldwide concern in water treatment, and highly challenging. Here, vertically oriented mesoporous coatings (MCs) with tunable surface properties and pore sizes have been developed via the single-micelle directing assembly strategy, which show good adsorption performances toward a wide range of organic pollutants. The micelle size and structure can be precisely regulated by oil molecules based on their n-octanol/water partition coefficients (Log P) in the oil-water diphase assembly system, which are critical to the pore size and pore surface property of the MCs. The affinity and steric effects of the MCs can be on-demand adjusted, as a result, the MCs show a ultrahigh adsorption capacity (263 mg g-1 ), surface occupancy ratio (≈41.92%), and adsorption rate (≈10.85 mg g-1 min-1 ) for microcystin-LR, which is among the best performances up to date. The MCs also show an excellent universality to remove organic pollutants with different properties. Moreover, overcoming the challenges proposed by particulate absorbents, the MCs are stable and can be easily regenerated and reused without secondary contamination. This work paves a new route to the synthesis of high-quality MCs for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Teng
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Chin-Te Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yunpu Zhai
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dengke Shen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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15
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Synthesis of Vertically Aligned Porous Silica Thin Films Functionalized by Silver Ions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147505. [PMID: 34299121 PMCID: PMC8306079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have developed a chemical procedure enabling the preparation of highly ordered and vertically aligned mesoporous silica films containing selected contents of silver ions bonded inside the mesopore channels via anchoring propyl-carboxyl units. The procedure involves the electrochemically assisted self-assembly co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane and (3-cyanopropyl)triethoxysilane in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a surfactant, the subsequent hydrolysis of cyano groups into carboxylate ones, followed by their complexation with silver ions. The output materials have been electrochemically characterized with regard to the synthesis effectiveness in order to confirm and quantify the presence of the silver ions in the material. The mesostructure has been observed by transmission electron microscopy. We have pointed out that it is possible to finely tune the functionalization level by controlling the co-condensation procedure, notably the concentration of (3-cyanopropyl)triethoxysilane in the synthesis medium.
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16
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Fernanda Torresan M, Morrone J, Sorbello C, Etchenique R, Angelomé PC, Wolosiuk A. Emissive Platforms Employing NaYF
4
‐based Upconverting Nanoparticles and Mesoporous Metal Oxide Thin Films. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Fernanda Torresan
- Gerencia Química & Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET Av. Gral. Paz 1499 B1650KNA San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina
- DQIAyQF – INQUIMAE – CONICET Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria 1428 Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Josefina Morrone
- Gerencia Química & Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET Av. Gral. Paz 1499 B1650KNA San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Cecilia Sorbello
- DQIAyQF – INQUIMAE – CONICET Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria 1428 Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Roberto Etchenique
- DQIAyQF – INQUIMAE – CONICET Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria 1428 Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Paula C. Angelomé
- Gerencia Química & Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET Av. Gral. Paz 1499 B1650KNA San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Alejandro Wolosiuk
- Gerencia Química & Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET Av. Gral. Paz 1499 B1650KNA San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina
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17
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Sartori B, Amenitsch H, Marmiroli B. Functionalized Mesoporous Thin Films for Biotechnology. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:740. [PMID: 34202530 PMCID: PMC8304103 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous materials bear great potential for biotechnological applications due to their biocompatibility and versatility. Their high surface area and pore interconnection allow the immobilization of molecules and their subsequent controlled delivery. Modifications of the mesoporous material with the addition of different chemical species, make them particularly suitable for the production of bioactive coatings. Functionalized thin films of mesoporous silica and titania can be used as scaffolds with properties as diverse as promotion of cell growth, inhibition of biofilms formation, or development of sensors based on immobilized enzymes. The possibility to pattern them increase their appeal as they can be incorporated into devices and can be tailored both with respect to architecture and functionalization. In fact, selective surface manipulation is the ground for the fabrication of advanced micro devices that combine standard micro/nanofluids with functional materials. In this review, we will present the advantages of the functionalization of silica and titania mesoporous materials deposited in thin film. Different functional groups used to modify their properties will be summarized, as well as functionalization methods and some examples of applications of modified materials, thus giving an overview of the essential role of functionalization to improve the performance of such innovative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benedetta Marmiroli
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.S.); (H.A.)
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18
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Celik E, Ma Y, Brezesinski T, Elm MT. Ordered mesoporous metal oxides for electrochemical applications: correlation between structure, electrical properties and device performance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10706-10735. [PMID: 33978649 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00834j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous metal oxides with a high specific surface area, tailored porosity and engineered interfaces are promising materials for electrochemical applications. In particular, the method of evaporation-induced self-assembly allows the formation of nanocrystalline films of controlled thickness on polar substrates. In general, mesoporous materials have the advantage of benefiting from a unique combination of structural, chemical and physical properties. This Perspective article addresses the structural characteristics and the electrical (charge-transport) properties of mesoporous metal oxides and how these affect their application in energy storage, catalysis and gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdogan Celik
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Yanjiao Ma
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Torsten Brezesinski
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Matthias T Elm
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany. and Institute of Experimental Physics I, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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19
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Miyata H, Takahashi M. Lithographically Formed Fine Wavy Surface Morphology for Universal Alignment Control of Mesochannels in Mesostructured Silica Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2179-2186. [PMID: 33543614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In-plane orientation of mesochannels in mesostructured silica films is fully controlled by a lithographically formed anisotropic surface morphology of a substrate. The orientation is determined simply by elastic properties of a liquid crystal phase, which appears in the course of the formation of mesostructured silica films through the sol-gel process. When an array of linear microscopic grooves with a round cross section is closely formed on the substrate surface, the cylindrical mesochannels in the films are entirely aligned strictly perpendicular to the grooves, as a consequence of minimization of the total elastic energy. When the surface morphology geometrically fits to the hexagonal arrangement of the mesochannels, the orientation abruptly changes into the direction parallel to the long axis of the grooves. The alignment control based on the elastic property of the liquid crystal phase described in this report does not require any specific chemical interactions between the surfactant molecules and the substrate surface. Therefore, aligned mesostructured silica films with a large structural periodicity can successfully be formed using block copolymer surfactants, which hardly form an aligned mesostructure without the support of external fields. The vapor-phase synthesis, which enables considerable retardation of the solidification process of siliceous species, is the most favorable way, and totally aligned mesostructured silica films with significantly large thickness, more than 1 μm, can be obtained. Appropriate combination of the bottom-up and the top-down nanoprocesses reported in this paper, that is, self-assembly and photolithography, will enable the formation of highly anisotropic nanostructured materials, which will find various practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokatsu Miyata
- Corporate R&D Headquarters, Canon Inc., 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Corporate R&D Headquarters, Canon Inc., 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
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20
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Gimenez R, Gonzalez F, Soler-Illia GJAA, Berli CLA, Bellino MG. Nanopore-Mediated Spontaneous Dilution of Droplets: When Evaporation Turns to a Dilutor. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:1241-1247. [PMID: 33474933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Droplet evaporation on surfaces is ubiquitous and affects areas as diverse as climate, microbiology, the chemical industry, and materials science. While solute concentration is the universally taken-for-granted behavior in drop evaporation, the present work shows that saline droplets evaporating on nanoporous thin-film surfaces can get diluted rather than concentrated. The driving mechanism of this phenomenon is attributed to the flow drawn from the drop through the nanopores by an annular peripheral evaporation. This fluid transport can continuously collect the salt solution from a concentrated region of the droplet, which is induced by radial microflows during drop evaporation. The coupling of these processes leads to the overall drop dilution effect. The influence of substrate temperature and drop volume was also investigated. This study opens up new perspectives on many natural phenomena and offers alternatives for physicochemical applications in small dimensions as well as for water desalination technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Gimenez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Gonzalez
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Avda. Gral. Paz 1499, Villa Maipú, 1650 San Martín, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Galo J A A Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo 1021, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Claudio L A Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET) Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Martín G Bellino
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Li C, Wu C, Zhang K, Chen M, Wang Y, Shi J, Tang Z. The charge transfer effect on SERS in a gold-decorated surface defect anatase nanosheet/methylene blue (MB) system. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03941e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increase in the transition route of the CT process enhances the Raman scattering of MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
| | - Chuanqiang Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mingqiang Chen
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
| | - Yishuang Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tang
- Analytical and Testing Center, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001, Huainan, China
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22
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Herzog N, Hübner H, Rüttiger C, Gallei M, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Functional Metalloblock Copolymers for the Preparation and In Situ Functionalization of Porous Silica Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4015-4024. [PMID: 32267702 PMCID: PMC7360126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive mesoporous silica films were prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly through the physical entrapment of a functional metalloblock copolymer structuring agent, which simultaneously served to functionalize the mesopore. After end-functionalization with a silane group, the applied functional metalloblock copolymers were covalently integrated into the silica mesopore wall. In addition, they were partly degraded after the formation of the mesoporous film, which enabled the precise design of accessible mesopores. These polymer-silica hybrid materials exhibited remarkable and gating ionic permselectivity and offer the potential for highly precise pore filling design and combination with high-throughput printing techniques. This in situ functionalization strategy of mesoporous silica using responsive metalloblock copolymers has the potential to improve how we approach the design of complex architectures at the nanoscale for tailored transport. This functionalization strategy paves the way for a variety of technologies based on molecular transport in nanoscale pores, including separation, sensing, catalysis, and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Herzog
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hanna Hübner
- Chair
in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Rüttiger
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair
in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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23
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Gimenez R, Soler-Illia GJAA, Berli CLA, Bellino MG. Nanopore-Enhanced Drop Evaporation: When Cooler or More Saline Water Droplets Evaporate Faster. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2702-2708. [PMID: 31927978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The evaporation of water droplets on surfaces is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and has critical importance in a broad range of technical applications. Here, we show a substantial enhancement of liquid evaporation rate when droplets are on nanoporous thin film surfaces. We also reveal how this nanopore-enhanced evaporation leads to counterintuitive phenomena: cooler or more saline water droplets evaporate faster. We find indeed that, contrary to typical evaporation behavior of sessile droplets on nonporous surfaces, the droplets placed on nanoporous thin films evaporate more rapidly when salt concentration increases or when the temperature decreases. This peculiar droplet evaporation behavior is related to the key role of the steady wetted annulus that is self-generated into the nanopore network in the drop periphery, which leads to an effectively enhanced evaporation area that controls the overall evaporation process. Our results provide the prospect of conceiving fresh scenarios in the evaporation of drops on surfaces in both relevant applications and fundamental insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Gimenez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CNEA-CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650, Argentina
| | - Galo J A A Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - Claudio Luis Alberto Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET) Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000, Santa Fe 1704, Argentina
| | - Martín Gonzalo Bellino
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología CNEA-CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650, Argentina
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24
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Robbennolt S, Yu P, Nicolenco A, Mercier Fernandez P, Coll M, Sort J. Magneto-ionic control of magnetism in two-oxide nanocomposite thin films comprising mesoporous cobalt ferrite conformally nanocoated with HfO 2. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:5987-5994. [PMID: 32108848 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology require of robust methods to fabricate new types of nanostructured materials whose properties can be controlled at will using simple procedures. Nanoscale composites can benefit from actuation protocols that involve mutual interfacial interactions on the nanoscale. Herein, a method to create nanoscale composite thin films consisting of mesoporous cobalt ferrite (CFO) whose pore walls are nanocoated with HfO2 is presented. Porous CFO films are first prepared by sol-gel. Atomic layer deposition is subsequently used to conformally grow a HfO2 layer at the surface of the pore walls, throughout the thickness of the films. The magnetic properties of uncoated and HfO2-coated CFO mesoporous films are then modulated by applying external voltage, via magneto-ionic effects. The CFO-HfO2 composite films exhibit an enhanced magnetoelectric response. The magnetic moment at saturation of the composite increases 56% upon the application of -50 V (compared to 24% for CFO alone). Furthermore, dissimilar trends in coercivity are observed: after applying -50 V, the coercivity of the composite film increases by 69% while the coercivity of the CFO alone decreases by 25%. The effects can be reversed applying suitable positive voltages. This two-oxide nanocomposite material differs from archetypical magneto-ionic architectures, in which voltage-driven ion migration is induced between fully-metallic and oxide counterparts. The synthesized material is particularly appealing to develop new types of magnetoelectric devices with a highly tunable magnetic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna Robbennolt
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Pengmei Yu
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aliona Nicolenco
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. and Institute of Applied Physics, MD-2028 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Pau Mercier Fernandez
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Mariona Coll
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sort
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Gimenez R, Mercuri M, Berli CLA, Bellino MG. Sliding of drops on mesoporous thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5915-5919. [PMID: 32108834 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06993c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in developing surfaces with enhanced properties for the sliding of liquid droplets. Here we show that both water and oil droplets placed on mesoporous thin film surfaces slide at relatively small tilt angles with respect to non-porous surfaces of the same material. The effect arises from a particular soft pinning at the contact line, which is a consequence of the fact that sessile droplets are partially "floating" onto a locally self-imbibed mesoporous film. Therefore, droplets present a reduced sliding angle and an enhanced sliding velocity in comparison to droplets on non-porous surfaces of the same material. The formed droplet-substrate interface is different to those observed on superhydrophobic or oil-infused surfaces, and involves a particular sliding dynamic. These findings would help to improve technical developments that require the precise handling of droplet mobility, whose interest span from chemical and biological assays in open microfluidic platforms to applications in energy and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gimenez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, Argentina.
| | - M Mercuri
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, Argentina.
| | - C L A Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET) Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - M G Bellino
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, Argentina.
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26
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Rodríguez RC, Troiani H, Moya SE, Bruno MM, Angelomé PC. Bimetallic Ag-Au Nanoparticles Inside Mesoporous Titania Thin Films: Synthesis by Photoreduction and Galvanic Replacement, and Catalytic Activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rusbel Coneo Rodríguez
- Gerencia Química & Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; Centro Atómico Constituyentes; Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET; Av. Gral. Paz 1499 B1650KNA San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CONICET; X5804BYA Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - Horacio Troiani
- Departamento de Caracterización de Materiales, GIA; CONICET, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Sergio E. Moya
- CIC biomaGUNE; Paseo de Miramón 182 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Mariano M. Bruno
- Departamento de Química; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CONICET; X5804BYA Río Cuarto Córdoba Argentina
| | - Paula C. Angelomé
- Gerencia Química & Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología; Centro Atómico Constituyentes; Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET; Av. Gral. Paz 1499 B1650KNA San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina
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27
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Antibiofilm effect of mesoporous titania coatings on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 203:111762. [PMID: 31896049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Activation of photocatalytic titania by ultraviolet-A (UVA) radiation has been proposed as a good approach for combating bacteria. Titania powder, in solution or immobilized on a surface, has excellent UVA-assisted killing properties on several microorganisms. However, these properties could not be demonstrated in biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a resistant opportunistic human pathogen that can cause severe complications in patients who are immunocompromised or have burn wounds or cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa biofilms have detrimental effects on health and industry, causing serious economic damage. In this study, the effect of titania photocatalysis for controlling P. aeruginosa biofilms was investigated by employing different coatings obtained through sol-gel and evaporation-induced self-assembly. Biofilms were grown on non-mesoporous and mesoporous titania surfaces with different pore sizes, which were achieved based on the use of surfactants Brij-58 and Pluronics-F127. In addition, two structural forms of titania were assayed: amorphous and anatase. As well as inhibiting biofilm formation, these coatings significantly enhanced the bactericidal effect of UVA on P. aeruginosa biofilms. The most efficient surface with regard to total antibacterial effect was the mesoporous Brij-58-templated anatase film, which, compared to control biofilms, decreased the number of viable bacteria by about 5 orders, demonstrating the efficacy of this methodology as a disinfection system.
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Cop P, Hess K, Werner S, Meinusch R, Smarsly BM, Kozuka H. Comparison of In-Plane Stress Development in Sol-Gel- and Nanoparticle-Derived Mesoporous Metal Oxide Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:16427-16437. [PMID: 31746614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
By using an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process, mesoporous metal oxide thin films are prepared via molecular precursors undergoing a sol-gel transition or by using nanoparticle dispersions as the starting materials. Both methods are employed together with PIB50-b-PEO45 as the structure-directing agent to produce porous TiO2 and ZrO2 thin films with spherical mesopores of around 14 nm in diameter. These nanoparticle- and sol-gel-derived films were investigated in terms of the intrinsic in-plane stress development during the heat treatment up to 500 °C to evaluate the impact of solvent evaporation, template decomposition and crystallization on the mechanical state of the film. The investigation revealed the lowest intrinsic stress for the nanoparticle-derived mesoporous film, which is assigned to the combination of the relaxing effects of the utilized diblock copolymer and the interparticular gaps between the precrystalline nanoparticles. Furthermore, the residual in-plane stress was studied after annealing steps ranging from 300 to 1000 °C and cooling down to room temperature. Here, TiO2 nanoparticle-derived mesoporous films possess a lower residual stress than the sol-gel-derived mesoporous films, while in the case of ZrO2 films, sol-gel-derived coatings reveal the smallest residual stress. The latter is based on the lower thermal expansion coefficient of the dominant monoclinic crystal phase compared to that of the silicon substrate. Hence, the present crystal structure has a strong influence on the mechanical state. The observation in this study helps to further understand the stress-related mechanical properties and the formation of mesoporous metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Cop
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Center of Materials Research , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Kevin Hess
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Center of Materials Research , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Kansai University , 3-3-35 Yamate-cho , Suita , Osaka 564-8680 , Japan
| | - Sebastian Werner
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Center of Materials Research , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Rafael Meinusch
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Center of Materials Research , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Bernd M Smarsly
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Center of Materials Research , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Hiromitsu Kozuka
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering , Kansai University , 3-3-35 Yamate-cho , Suita , Osaka 564-8680 , Japan
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Couzon N, Roiban L, Chassagneux F, Bois L, Brioude A, Maillard M. Electroactive Area from Porous Oxide Films Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles: Electrochemical and Electron Tomography Observations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:37270-37278. [PMID: 31523946 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical studies of nanomaterial-based electrodes have been widely developed for catalyst and energy-harvesting applications. The evolution of these electrodes over time and their efficiency have been extensively studied and analyzed in order to optimize their performance. However, the electrochemical responses of electrodes are rarely studied in terms of the position of the active species within these electrodes. In this paper, we highlight that the spatial location of silver nanoparticles (NPs) embedded inside semiconductive porous films, TiO2 or Fe2O3, is crucial for the electrochemical response. In fact, by using cycling voltammetry and electron tomography experiments, we show the existence of an "electroactive area", corresponding to a reduced thickness of the sample in close vicinity to a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate where most of the electrochemical responses originate. Our results demonstrate that, for a film thickness of several hundred nanometers, only less than 30 nm close to the substrate responds electrochemically. However, cyclic voltammetry empties the electroactive area of silver NPs. Therefore, application of chronoamperometry coupled to irradiation allowed regeneration of this area thanks to an increased diffusion of silver species. In this paper, we also show the significant diffusion of silver species within the film during electrochemical experiments, a phenomenon even increased by irradiation. These results are therefore an important step that shows the importance of the localization of active species within a porous film and help in understanding and increasing the durability of nanomaterial-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Couzon
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces , F-69622 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Lucian Roiban
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, MATEIS, UMR5510 CNRS , 7 Avenue Jean Capelle , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Fernand Chassagneux
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces , F-69622 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Laurence Bois
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces , F-69622 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Arnaud Brioude
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces , F-69622 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Mathieu Maillard
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces , F-69622 Villeurbanne , France
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Shpigel N, Sigalov S, Malchik F, Levi MD, Girshevitz O, Khalfin RL, Aurbach D. Quantification of porosity in extensively nanoporous thin films in contact with gases and liquids. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4394. [PMID: 31562308 PMCID: PMC6765025 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoporous layers are widely spread in nature and among artificial devices. However, complex characterization of extensively nanoporous thin films showing porosity-dependent softening lacks consistency and reliability when using different analytical techniques. We introduce herein, a facile and precise method of such complex characterization by multi-harmonic QCM-D (Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring) measurements performed both in the air and liquids (Au-Zn alloy was used as a typical example). The porosity values determined by QCM-D in air and different liquids are entirely consistent with that obtained from parallel RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy) and GISAXS (Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle Scattering) characterizations. This ensures precise quantification of the nanolayer porosity simultaneously with tracking their viscoelastic properties in liquids, significantly increasing sensitivity of the viscoelastic detection (viscoelastic contrast principle). Our approach is in high demand for quantifying potential-induced changes in nanoporous layers of complex architectures fabricated for various electrocatalytic energy storage and analytical devices. Thin porous layers are largely used, but a reliable method to quantify their porosity is missing. Here the authors demonstrate a method, based on quartz crystal microbalance measurements with dissipation monitoring, for accurate assessment of porosity and mechanical properties in thin porous films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Netanel Shpigel
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Sergey Sigalov
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Fyodor Malchik
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Mikhael D Levi
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Olga Girshevitz
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Rafail L Khalfin
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Doron Aurbach
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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31
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Reid B, Taylor A, Alvarez-Fernandez A, Ismael MH, Sharma S, Schmidt-Hansberg B, Guldin S. Photocatalytic Template Removal by Non-Ozone-Generating UV Irradiation for the Fabrication of Well-Defined Mesoporous Inorganic Coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:19308-19314. [PMID: 31001970 PMCID: PMC6543510 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The processing of mesoporous inorganic coatings typically requires a high-temperature calcination step to remove organic precursors that are essential during the material assembly. Lowering the fabrication energy costs and cutting back on the necessary resources would provide a greater scope for the deployment in applications such as architectural glass, optical components, photovoltaic cells, and energy storage, as well as further compatibilize substrates with low temperature stability. Organic removal methods based on UV-ozone treatment are increasing in popularity, but concerns remain regarding large-scale ozone generation and usage of mercury-containing UV lamps. To this end, we present a method that relies on non-ozone-generating UV radiation at 254 nm (UV254) and incorporation of small amounts of photocatalytic material in the formulation, here demonstrated with TiO2 nanocrystals. At concentrations as low as 5 wt % relative to the main inorganic aluminosilicate material, the TiO2 nanocrystals catalyze a "cold combustion" of the organic components under UV254 irradiation to reveal a porous inorganic network. Using block copolymer-based co-assembly in conjunction with photocatalytic template removal, we produce well-defined mesoporous inorganic thin films with controlled porosity and refractive index values, where the required processing time is governed by the amount of TiO2 loading. This approach provides an inexpensive, flexible, and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional organic removal techniques, such as UV-ozone degradation and thermal calcination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Reid
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Alaric Taylor
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Alberto Alvarez-Fernandez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Muhamad Hafiz Ismael
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Shatakshi Sharma
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Benjamin Schmidt-Hansberg
- BASF
SE, Process Research & Chemical Engineering, Coating & Film
Processing, Carl-Bosch-Strasse
38, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 67056, Germany
| | - Stefan Guldin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
- E-mail:
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Abstract
AbstractAs a preparation method for organic–inorganic or mesoporous inorganic materials via sol–gel condensation of a metal alkoxide, the combination of lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) and sol–gel chemistry is a versatile tool to fabricate various nanostructures. Despite previous investigations into such systems, no attempt has been made to utilize the dynamic switching functions of such nanostructures via the phase transition of LLCs in films. A polysiloxane containing an amine-hydrochloride group and a vinyl group was recently synthesized. By controlling the relative humidity, we achieved the phase transition of LLCs and on-demand UV-curing of LLC phases in the polysiloxane film. We further developed vertically oriented organic–inorganic nanochannels by using π−π interactions between discotic molecules and the substrate surface or the spontaneous vertical alignment of LLC containing azobenzene units.
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Steinberg PY, Zalduendo MM, Giménez G, Soler-Illia GJAA, Angelomé PC. TiO 2 mesoporous thin film architecture as a tool to control Au nanoparticles growth and sensing capabilities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10347-10356. [PMID: 31073574 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01896d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a systematic study regarding the effect of the mesoporous structure over Au nanoparticles (NPs) growth inside and through the pores of mesoporous TiO2 thin films (MTTFs) is presented, and the effect of such characteristics over the composites' sensing capabilities is evaluated. Highly stable MTTFs with different pore diameters (range: 4-8 nm) and pore arrangements (body- and face-centered cubic) were synthesized and characterized. Au NPs were grown inside the pores, and it was demonstrated-through a careful physicochemical characterization-that the amount of incorporated Au and NP size depends on the pore array; being higher for bigger pore diameters and face-centered cubic structures. The same structure allows the growth of more and longer tips over Au NPs deposited at the thin film-substrate interface. Finally, to confirm the effect of the structural characteristics of the composites over their possible applications, the materials were tested as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based substrates. The composites with a higher amount of Au and more ramified NPs were the ones that presented better sensitivity in the detection of a probe molecule (4-nitrothiophenol). Overall, this work demonstrates that the pore size and ordering in MTTFs determine the materials' accessibility and connectivity, and therefore, have a clear impact on their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Y Steinberg
- Gerencia Química & INN, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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34
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Alberti S, Steinberg PY, Giménez G, Amenitsch H, Ybarra G, Azzaroni O, Angelomé PC, Soler-Illia GJAA. Chemical Stability of Mesoporous Oxide Thin Film Electrodes under Electrochemical Cycling: from Dissolution to Stabilization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6279-6287. [PMID: 30990724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous oxide thin films (MOTF) present very high surface areas and highly controlled monodisperse pores in the nanometer range. These features spurred their possible applications in separation membranes and permselective electrodes. However, their performance in real applications is limited by their reactivity. Here, we perform a basic study of the stability of MOTF toward dissolution in aqueous media using a variety of characterization techniques. In particular, we focus in their stability behavior under the influence of ionic strength, adsorption of electrochemical probes, and applied electrode potential. Mesoporous silica thin films present a limited chemical stability after electrochemical cycling, particularly under high ionic strength, due to their high specific surface area and the interactions between the electrochemical probes and the surface. In contrast, TiO2 or Si0.9Zr0.1O2 matrices present higher stability; thus, they are an adequate alternative to produce accessible, sensitive, and robust permselective electrodes or membranes that perform under a wide variety of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Alberti
- Gerencia Química - Centro Atómico Constituyentes , Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET , Avenida General Paz 1499 , 1650 San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET , CC 16 Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Paula Y Steinberg
- Gerencia Química - Centro Atómico Constituyentes , Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET , Avenida General Paz 1499 , 1650 San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Gustavo Giménez
- Centro de Micro y Nanoelectrónica del Bicentenario , INTI-CMNB, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial , Avenida General Paz 5445 , B1650WAB San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9/IV , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Gabriel Ybarra
- Unidad Técnica Nanomateriales, INTI-Procesos Superficiales , Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial , Avenida General Paz 5445 , B1650WAB San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) - Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET , CC 16 Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Paula C Angelomé
- Gerencia Química - Centro Atómico Constituyentes , Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET , Avenida General Paz 1499 , 1650 San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Galo J A A Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas , UNSAM, CONICET , Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021 , 1650 San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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35
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Innocenzi P, Malfatti L. Mesoporous materials as platforms for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wu PH, Mäkie P, Odén M, Björk EM. Growth and Functionalization of Particle-Based Mesoporous Silica Films and Their Usage in Catalysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E562. [PMID: 30959939 PMCID: PMC6523614 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the formation of mesoporous films consisting of SBA-15 particles grown directly onto substrates and their usage as catalysts in esterification of acetic acid and ethanol. The film thickness was altered between 80 nm and 750 nm by adding NH₄F to the synthesis solution. The salt also affects the formation rate of the particles, and substrates must be added during the formation of the siliceous network in the solution. Various substrate functionalizations were tested and hydrophobic substrates are required for a successful film growth. We show that large surfaces (> 75 cm²), as well as 3D substrates, can be homogenously coated. Further, the films were functionalized, either with acetic acid through co-condensation, or by coating the films with a thin carbon layer through exposure to furfuryl alcohol fumes followed by carbonization and sulfonation with H₂SO₄. The carbon-coated film was shown to be an efficient catalyst in the esterification reaction with acetic acid and ethanol. Due to the short, accessible mesopores, chemical variability, and possibility to homogenously cover large, rough surfaces. the films have a large potential for usage in various applications such as catalysis, sensing, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hsuan Wu
- Nanostructured Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Peter Mäkie
- Nanostructured Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Magnus Odén
- Nanostructured Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Emma M Björk
- Nanostructured Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry II, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 890 81 Ulm, Germany.
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Herzog N, Brilmayer R, Stanzel M, Kalyta A, Spiehl D, Dörsam E, Hess C, Andrieu-Brunsen A. Gravure printing for mesoporous film preparation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:23570-23578. [PMID: 35530608 PMCID: PMC9069313 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents gravure printing as a new strategy for rapid printing of ceramic mesoporous thin films and highlights its advantages over conventional mesoporous film preparation using evaporation induced self-assembly together with dip-coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Herzog
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Robert Brilmayer
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Mathias Stanzel
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Anastasia Kalyta
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Dieter Spiehl
- Institute of Printing Science and Technology
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64289 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Edgar Dörsam
- Institute of Printing Science and Technology
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64289 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Christian Hess
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Annette Andrieu-Brunsen
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
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38
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HARA M. On-Demand Control of Phase Transition and Orientation of Organic-Inorganic Complex Lyotropic Liquid Crystals. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2018. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2018-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo HARA
- Department of Molecular & Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
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39
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Redzheb M, Okudur OO, Bernstorff S, Juraic K, Van Der Voort P, Armini S. Tuning the Properties of Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Films for Low-k Application by Gemini Surfactants. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2295-2298. [PMID: 29924463 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) thin films were synthesized by evaporation-induced self-assembly of 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane and an ionic Gemini 16-12-16 surfactant under acidic conditions. The films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, ellipsometric porosimetry, impedance measurements, and nanoindentation. The ease of control of the packing parameter in Gemini surfactants makes the PMO film templated by a Gemini an exciting first step towards small pore size PMO films with engineered mesostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oguzhan Orkut Okudur
- Kapeldreef 75, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.,Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Basovizza (TS), 34149, Italy
| | - Krunoslav Juraic
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, A-8010, Graz, Austria.,Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics & Catalysis (COMOC) Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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40
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Lee Y, Lee S, Jin CM, Kwon JA, Kang T, Choi I. Facile Fabrication of Large-Scale Porous and Flexible Three-Dimensional Plasmonic Networks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28242-28249. [PMID: 30052422 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Assembling metallic nanoparticles and trapping target molecules within the probe volume of the incident light are important in plasmonic detection. Porous solid structures with three-dimensionally integrated metal nanoparticles would be very beneficial in achieving these objectives. Currently, porous inorganic oxides are being prepared under stringent conditions and further subjected to either physical or chemical attachment of metal nanoparticles. In this study, we propose a facile method to fabricate large-scale porous and flexible three-dimensional (3D) plasmonic networks. Initially, uncured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), in which metal ions are dissolved, diffuses spontaneously into the simple sugar crystal template via capillary action. As PDMS is cured, metal ions are automatically reduced to form a dense array of metal nanoparticles. After curing, the sugar template is easily removed by water treatment to obtain porous 3D plasmonic networks. We controlled the far-field scattering and near-field enhancement of the network by changing either the metal ion precursor or its concentration. To demonstrate the key advantages of our 3D plasmonic networks, such as simple fabrication, optical signal enhancement, and molecular trapping, we conducted sensitive Raman detection of several important molecules, including adenine, humidifier disinfectants, and volatile organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Lee
- Department of Life Science , University of Seoul , Seoul 130-743 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Lee
- Department of Life Science , University of Seoul , Seoul 130-743 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Jin
- Department of Life Science , University of Seoul , Seoul 130-743 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung A Kwon
- Department of Life Science , University of Seoul , Seoul 130-743 , Republic of Korea
| | - Taewook Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Sogang University , Seoul 121-742 , Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Choi
- Department of Life Science , University of Seoul , Seoul 130-743 , Republic of Korea
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41
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Robbennolt S, Quintana A, Pellicer E, Sort J. Large magnetoelectric effects mediated by electric-field-driven nanoscale phase transformations in sputtered (nanoparticulate) and electrochemically dealloyed (nanoporous) Fe-Cu films. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14570-14578. [PMID: 30027980 PMCID: PMC6244191 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03924k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Large magnetoelectric effects are observed in as-sputtered (nanoparticulate-like) and electrochemically dealloyed (nanoporous) 200 nm thick Fe-Cu films. Application of positive voltages decreases both the saturation magnetization (MS) and coercivity (HC) of the films, while negative voltages cause the reverse effect (increase of MS and HC). The relative variations are as high as 20% for MS and beyond 100% for HC, both for the as-sputtered and dealloyed states. These changes in magnetic properties are caused by controlled and reversible electric-field-driven nanoscale phase transformations between face-centered cubic (fcc) and body-centered cubic (bcc) structures. These phase transitions are in turn due to selective redox reactions induced by the applied voltage, which can be regarded as a "magnetoionic effect." The controlled tuning of HC and MS with the moderate values of applied voltage, together with the sustainable composition of the investigated alloys (not containing noble metals, as opposed to many previous works on magnetoelectric effects in thin films), pave the way towards the implementation of magnetic and spintronic devices with enhanced energy efficiency and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna Robbennolt
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Alberto Quintana
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Eva Pellicer
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Jordi Sort
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
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42
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Kumar P, Kim KH, Vellingiri K, Samaddar P, Kumar P, Deep A, Kumar N. Hybrid porous thin films: Opportunities and challenges for sensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 104:120-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Cop P, Kitano S, Niinuma K, Smarsly BM, Kozuka H. In-plane stress development in mesoporous thin films. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7002-7015. [PMID: 29610809 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00793d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous thin films of TiO2 and CexZr1-xO2 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) were prepared via an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process and subsequently investigated in terms of the developing intrinsic and residual in-plane stress. These mechanical properties were determined by the curvature method, which is based on the determination of the deflection of light due to concave or convex bending of the films on a substrate. The films were investigated with regard to the intrinsic stress during heat treatment up to 500 °C and to the residual stress at room temperature for several annealing temperatures. Following this strategy, the influence of the decomposition of a block copolymer template on the intrinsic stress as well as the pore collapsing on the residual stress was analyzed. Nanoporous TiO2 thin films were prepared using two different block copolymers (PIB50-b-PEO45 and Pluronic® F127). A comparison between the templated and non-templated TiO2 films showed the lowest intrinsic and residual stress for the ordered mesoporous material prepared with PIB50-b-PEO45 indicating that the distributed polymer and the corresponding mesopores act as relaxing agents for the system. This was verified by mesoporous CexZr1-xO2 (x = 0, 0.5, 1) thin films showing a comparable behavior in terms of the experienced intrinsic stress. This work reveals an increase in the residual in-plane stress during pore collapse, which lays the foundation for further understanding of the stress-related mechanical properties of mesoporous thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cop
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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44
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Wan L, Song H, Ma J, Ren Y, Cheng X, Su J, Yue Q, Deng Y. Polymerization-Induced Colloid Assembly Route to Iron Oxide-Based Mesoporous Microspheres for Gas Sensing and Fenton Catalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:13028-13039. [PMID: 29561143 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide materials have wide applications due to their special physicochemical properties; however, it is a great challenge to synthesize mesoporous iron oxide-based microspheres conveniently and controllably with high surface area, large pore volume, and interconnected porous structures. Herein, mesoporous α-Fe2O3-based microspheres with high porosity are synthesized via a facile polymerization induced colloid assembly method through polymerization of urea-formaldehyde resin (UF resin) and its simultaneously cooperative assembly with Fe(OH)3 colloids in an aqueous solution, followed by subsequent thermal treatment. Remarkably, by controlling the cross-linking degree of UF, pure mesoporous α-Fe2O3 and α-Fe2O3/carbon hybrid microspheres can be synthesized controllably, respectively. They exhibit a uniform spherical morphology with a particle size of around 1.0 μm, well-interconnected mesopores (24.5 and 8.9 nm, respectively), and surface area of 54.4 m2/g (pure mFe2O3 microspheres) and 144.7 m2/g (hybrids), respectively. As a result, mesoporous pure α-Fe2O3 microspheres exhibited excellent H2S sensing performance with a good selectivity, high response to low concentration H2S at 100 °C, and quick response (4 s)/recovery (5 s) dynamics owing to the high surface area, open mesopores, and crystalline structure of the n-type α-Fe2O3 semiconductor. Moreover, mesoporous α-Fe2O3/carbon hybrid microspheres were used as a novel Fenton-like catalyst for the decomposition of methylene blue in a mild condition and exhibit quick degradation rate, high removal efficiency (∼93% within 35 min), and stable recycling performance owing to the synergetic effect of a high surface area and the carbon-protected α-Fe2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Hongyuan Song
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma, Changhai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Junhao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Yuan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Xiaowei Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma, Changhai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Qin Yue
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610051 , China
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
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46
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Reid B, Taylor A, Chen Y, Schmidt-Hansberg B, Guldin S. Robust Operation of Mesoporous Antireflective Coatings under Variable Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10315-10321. [PMID: 29441787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Generating mesoporous films with adequate film thickness and refractive index is a common method to achieve amplitude and phase matching in low-cost interference-based antireflective coatings (ARCs). For high-surface-energy materials, pores on the 2-50 nm (i.e., on the subwavelength scale) are subject to capillary condensation by surrounding gas phase water molecules, which hampers their functioning. In this work, we examine the effect of relative humidity on mesoporous ARCs and present a simple method for the preparation of ARCs with robust operation under variable conditions. The materials route is based on the generation of well-defined porous aluminosilicate networks by block copolymer co-assembly with poly(isobutylene)- block-poly(ethylene oxide) and postsynthesis grafting of trichloro(octyl)silane molecules to the pore walls. The functionalized films exhibited a maximum transmittance value of 99.8%, with an average transmittance of 99.1% in the visible wavelength range from 400 to 700 nm. Crucially, the antireflection performance was maintained at high humidity values, with an average transmittance decrease of only 0.2% and maximum values maintained at 99.7%. This compared to maximum and average losses of 3.6 and 2.7%, respectively, for nonfunctionalized reference samples. The ARCs were shown to retain their optical properties within 50 humidity cycles, indicating long-term stability against fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Reid
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
| | - Alaric Taylor
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
| | - Yinong Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
| | - Benjamin Schmidt-Hansberg
- Chemical & Process Engineering, Coating & Film Processing , BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38 , Ludwigshafen am Rhein 67056 , Germany
| | - Stefan Guldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University College London , Torrington Place , London WC1E 7JE , U.K
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47
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Gimenez R, Mercuri M, Berli CLA, Bellino MG. Electrical current nanogeneration driven by spontaneous nanofluidic oscillations. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3144-3147. [PMID: 29383366 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00269j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting natural phenomena is a central route for providing electricity to sustainably drive wearable electronics. Here we report a nano-scale water-driven energy generator that produces tiny electrical currents from spontaneous wetting-drying oscillations in mesoporous thin films. The system was fabricated with a wormlike mesoporous silica film, which was packed in between Cu and silicon contacts. The nanogenerator runs autonomously when a water droplet is laid over the film close to the Cu electrode, as water infiltration into the film under the electrode produces a direct-current. Wetting-drying cycles, which are spontaneously triggered by water evaporation, are perfectly correlated to the generated electrical current. The autonomous water displacement through the film yields a sustained energy conversion until the droplet reservoir vanishes. This novel water-driven nanogenerator opens new alternatives for versatile, mobile and cost-effective self-powering of nanosystems and nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gimenez
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Av.Gral. Paz 1499, 1650, Argentina.
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48
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Hara M, Orito T, Nagano S, Seki T. Humidity-responsive phase transition and on-demand UV-curing in a hygroscopic polysiloxane–surfactant nanohybrid film. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1457-1460. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Humidity-responsive phase transition of a lyotropic liquid crystalline surfactant and on-demand UV-curing in a hygroscopic polysiloxane film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Taiki Orito
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory
- Nagoya
- Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University
- Nagoya
- Japan
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49
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Lima A, Costa M, Santos R, Batista N, Cavalcante L, Longo E, Luz G. Facile preparation of CuWO4 porous films and their photoelectrochemical properties. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Vowinkel S, Paul S, Gutmann T, Gallei M. Free-Standing and Self-Crosslinkable Hybrid Films by Core-Shell Particle Design and Processing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E390. [PMID: 29140279 PMCID: PMC5707607 DOI: 10.3390/nano7110390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The utilization and preparation of functional hybrid films for optical sensing applications and membranes is of utmost importance. In this work, we report the convenient and scalable preparation of self-crosslinking particle-based films derived by directed self-assembly of alkoxysilane-based cross-linkers as part of a core-shell particle architecture. The synthesis of well-designed monodisperse core-shell particles by emulsion polymerization is the basic prerequisite for subsequent particle processing via the melt-shear organization technique. In more detail, the core particles consist of polystyrene (PS) or poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), while the comparably soft particle shell consists of poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) and different alkoxysilane-based poly(methacrylate)s. For hybrid film formation and convenient self-cross-linking, different alkyl groups at the siloxane moieties were investigated in detail by solid-state Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS, NMR) spectroscopy revealing different crosslinking capabilities, which strongly influence the properties of the core or shell particle films with respect to transparency and iridescent reflection colors. Furthermore, solid-state NMR spectroscopy and investigation of the thermal properties by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements allow for insights into the cross-linking capabilities prior to and after synthesis, as well as after the thermally and pressure-induced processing steps. Subsequently, free-standing and self-crosslinked particle-based films featuring excellent particle order are obtained by application of the melt-shear organization technique, as shown by microscopy (TEM, SEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Vowinkel
- Ernst-Berl-Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Stephen Paul
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Markus Gallei
- Ernst-Berl-Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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