1
|
Bright SA, Erby M, Poynton FE, Monteyne D, Pérez-Morga D, Gunnlaugsson T, Williams DC, Elmes RBP. Tracking the cellular uptake and phototoxicity of Ru(ii)-polypyridyl-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base conjugates. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:344-359. [PMID: 38576718 PMCID: PMC10989513 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00206c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium(ii) complexes are attracting significant research attention as a promising class of photosensitizers (PSs) in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Having previously reported the synthesis of two novel Ru(ii)-polypyridyl-1,8-naphthalimide Tröger's base compounds 1 and 2 with interesting photophysical properties, where the emission from either the Ru(ii) polypyridyl centres or the naphthalimide moieties could be used to monitor binding to nucleic acids, we sought to use these compounds to investigate further and in more detail their biological profiling, which included unravelling their mechanism of cellular uptake, cellular trafficking and cellular responses to photoexcitation. Here we demonstrate that these compounds undergo rapid time dependent uptake in HeLa cells that involved energy dependent, caveolae and lipid raft-dependent mediated endocytosis, as demonstrated by confocal imaging, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Following endocytosis, both compounds were shown to localise to mostly lysosomal and Golgi apparatus compartments with some accumulation in mitochondria but no localisation was found to the nucleus. Upon photoactivation, the compounds increased ROS production and induced ROS-dependent apoptotic cell death. The photo-activated compounds subsequently induced DNA damage and altered tubulin, but not actin structures, which was likely to be an indirect effect of ROS production and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, by changing the concentration of the compounds or the laser used to illuminate the cells, the mechanism of cell death could be changed from apoptosis to necrosis. This is the first detailed biological study of Ru(ii)-polypyridyl Tröger's bases and clearly suggests caveolae-dependent endocytosis is responsible for cell uptake - this may also explain the lack of nuclear uptake for these compounds and similar results observed for other Ru(ii)-polypyridyl complexes. These conjugates are potential candidates for further development as PDT agents and may also be useful in mechanistic studies on cell uptake and trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Bright
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8962596
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8963459
| | - MariaLuisa Erby
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8962596
| | - Fergus E Poynton
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8963459
| | - Daniel Monteyne
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, IBMM-DBM Université Libre de Bruxelles Gosselies Belgium
| | - David Pérez-Morga
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, IBMM-DBM Université Libre de Bruxelles Gosselies Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging CMMI Université Libre de Bruxelles Gosselies Belgium
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8963459
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick Ireland
| | - D Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland +353 1 8962596
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick Ireland
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland +353 1708 4615
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Design, Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-Microbial, Anti-Oxidant, DNA, HSA, Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Studies of Nitrogen-Substituted Chrysin Derivatives and Metal(II) Complexes. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
3
|
Anithabanu P, Balasubramanian S, David Dayanidhi P, Nandhini T, Vaidyanathan VG. Physico-chemical characterization studies of collagen labelled with Ru(II) polypyridyl complex. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10173. [PMID: 36033328 PMCID: PMC9404281 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rich luminescence behaviour exerted by transition metal complexes has found significant role in the development of biomolecular and cellular probes. The conjugation of fluorophore to a protein has its own advantage over the label-free system due to its high sensitivity. While numerous proteins have been labelled with either organic or inorganic fluorophores, the conjugation of luminescent transition metal complexes with collagen has not yet been attempted. Here, in this study, the conjugation of a Ru(II) polypyridyl complex with collagen was carried out and its physico-chemical characterization was studied. The conjugation of Ru(II) to collagen was characterized by UV-Visible, fluorescence and ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy. The conjugation of Ru(II) did not alter the triple helical structure of the collagen as evidenced from CD spectral data. The luminescence behaviour of the Ru-tagged collagen was found to be similar to that of the commercially available fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) tagged collagen with increase in luminescence upon addition of collagenase. Gel-based collagenase assay showed that the digestion of collagen can be vizualized using UV light due to intrinsic fluorophore tag without carrying out the staining-destaining processes. Energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDAX) confirms the presence of Ru in Ru-collagen fibrils. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the conjugation of a Ru(II) complex with the fibrous protein collagen that exhibits similar property as of FITC-collagen and can be used as an alternative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Anithabanu
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Surabhya Balasubramanian
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - P David Dayanidhi
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - T Nandhini
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - V G Vaidyanathan
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Luis ET, Day AI, König B, Beves JE. Photophysical Activity and Host-Guest Behavior of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Catalysts Encapsulated in Cucurbit[10]uril. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9135-9142. [PMID: 32578987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This work outlines a strategy to combine the use of visible light and confined spaces to form a supramolecular photocatalyst system. Polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), [Ru(bpy)2(bpm)]2+ (bpm = 2,2'-bipyrimidine), and [Ru(bpy)2(bpz)]2+ (bpz = 2,2'-bipyrazine) are encapsulated in cucurbit[10]uril to form host-guest systems in aqueous solution. The photophysical properties of the complexes are altered by encapsulation, with improved emissive behavior for the heteroleptic complexes. Oxidative quenching of the photocatalyst's excited state via intermolecular charge transfer to methyl viologen can occur within the internal cavity, which acts to preorganize the reagents. The host-guest system containing [Ru(bpy)3]2+ can bind suitable substrates, and essential criteria for its use as a supramolecular photocatalyst are investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ena T Luis
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony I Day
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Delavar Mendi F, Sh Saljooghi A, Ramezani M, Kruszynski R, Poupon M, Kucerakova M, Huch V, Socha P, Babaei M, Alibolandi M. Five new complexes with deferiprone and N,N-donor ligands: evaluation of cytotoxicity against breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and HSA-binding determination. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4845-4858. [PMID: 32579069 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1782769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, five new complexes containing deferiprone (dfp) and N,N-donor ligands [bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and ethylenediamine (en)] were synthesized: [Fe(dfp)2(bpy)](PF6) (1), [Fe(dfp)2(phen)](PF6) (2), [Cu2(dfp)2(bpy)2](PF6)2 (3), [Ga(dfp)2(bpy)](PF6) (4), and [Fe(dfp)2(en)](PF6) (5). Characterization of these complexes was carried out through elemental analysis and FT-IR, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography was used to determine their structures. Whilst the polyhedron has a distorted octahedral geometry in 1, 2, 4, and 5, it adopts a distorted square-pyramidal geometry in 3. Interaction of these compounds with human serum albumin (HSA) has been investigated through electronic absorption and fluorescence titration techniques. Emission quenching was performed separately for each complex at three different temperatures and thermodynamic parameters were calculated using binding constants to better understand the power of different binding forces with the HSA. Results demonstrated that compounds interact strongly with the HSA with a static quenching mechanism. Our evaluation of the cytotoxicity of complexes against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line showed that complex 2 presents a better cytotoxicity than the standard cis-Pt. Finally, using the AutoDock 4.2 program, simulations to analyze the mechanism of complex-HSA interactions and their binding mode were carried out. Results showed that the best binding mode is located in subdomain IB for 1, 2, and 4, in I/II for 3, and in IA/IIA for 5. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Delavar Mendi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sh Saljooghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rafal Kruszynski
- Department of X-ray Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Morgane Poupon
- Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kucerakova
- Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Volker Huch
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Pawel Socha
- The Czochralski Laboratory of Advanced Crystal Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maryam Babaei
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mazuryk O, Gajda-Morszewski P, Brindell M. Versatile Impact of Serum Proteins on Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes Properties - Opportunities and Obstacles. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 20:1052-1059. [PMID: 31092177 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190513090851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes have been extensively studied for the past few decades as promising anticancer agents. Despite the expected intravenous route of administration, the interaction between Ru(II) polypyridyl compounds and serum proteins is not well characterized and vast majority of the available literature data concerns determination of the binding constant. Ru-protein adducts can modify the biological effects of the Ru complexes influencing their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity as well as introduce significant changes in their photophysical properties. More extensive research on the interaction between serum proteins and Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes is important for further development of Ru(II) polypyridyl compounds towards their application in anticancer therapy and diagnostics and can open new opportunities for already developed complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mazuryk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30- 387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemysław Gajda-Morszewski
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30- 387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Brindell
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 2, 30- 387, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Das M, Mukherjee S, Koley B, Choudhuri I, Bhattacharyya N, Roy P, Samanta BC, Barai M, Maity T. Developing novel zinc(ii) and copper(ii) Schiff base complexes: combined experimental and theoretical investigation on their DNA/protein binding efficacy and anticancer activity. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03844j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Zn(ii) and Cu(ii) Schiff base complexes having DNA and HSA binding efficacy have been exploited as cancer therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manik Das
- Department of Chemistry
- P. K. College
- Contai
- Purba Medinipur
- India
| | - Somali Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata 700009
- India
| | - Biplab Koley
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | - Indranil Choudhuri
- Department of Biotechnology
- Panskura Banamali College
- Purba Medinipur
- India
| | | | - Pritam Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur
- India
| | | | - Manas Barai
- Department of Chemistry
- Vidyasagar University
- West Bengal
- India
| | - Tithi Maity
- Department of Chemistry
- P. K. College
- Contai
- Purba Medinipur
- India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
van Hilst QVC, Vasdev RAS, Preston D, Findlay JA, Scottwell SØ, Giles GI, Brooks HJL, Crowley JD. Synthesis, Characterisation and Antimicrobial Studies of some 2,6‐
bis
(1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)Pyridine Ruthenium(II) “Click” Complexes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinn V. C. van Hilst
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology New Zealand
| | - Roan A. S. Vasdev
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology New Zealand
| | - James A. Findlay
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology New Zealand
| | - Synøve Ø. Scottwell
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
| | - Gregory I. Giles
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Heather J. L. Brooks
- Department of Pathology Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun B, Sundaraneedi MK, Southam HM, Poole RK, Musgrave IF, Keene FR, Collins JG. Synthesis and biological properties of tetranuclear ruthenium complexes containing the bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,7-heptane ligand. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14505-14515. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The non-linear polypyridylruthenium(ii) complex (Rubb7-TNL) exhibited good antimicrobial activity, but surprisingly was also highly active against cancer cells. The results suggestRubb7-TNLmay have potential as a new anticancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Sun
- School of Science
- University of New South Wales Canberra
- Australian Defence Force Academy
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - Madhu K. Sundaraneedi
- School of Science
- University of New South Wales Canberra
- Australian Defence Force Academy
- Canberra
- Australia
| | - Hannah M. Southam
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Robert K. Poole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- The University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Ian F. Musgrave
- Discipline of Pharmacology
- Adelaide Medical School
- University of Adelaide
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - F. Richard Keene
- School of Physical Sciences
- University of Adelaide
- Adelaide
- Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine/Centre for Molecular Therapeutics
| | - J. Grant Collins
- School of Science
- University of New South Wales Canberra
- Australian Defence Force Academy
- Canberra
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu W, Liu M, Escaño MC, Redshaw C, Bian B, Fan Y, Tao Z, Xiao X. Alkyl substituted 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium salts encapsulated in the cavity of cucurbit[10]uril. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between cucuribit[10]uril (Q[10]) and a series of 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium salts bearing aliphatic substituents at the pyridinium nitrogen, namely 4-(C4H8N)C5H5NRBr, where R = Et (g1), n-butyl (g2), n-pentyl (g3), n-hexyl (g4), n-octyl (g5), n-dodecyl (g6), has been studied in aqueous solution by 1H NMR spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Mary Clare Escaño
- Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region
- University of Fukui
- Fukui 910-8507
- Japan
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of Hull
- Hull HU6 7RX
- UK
| | - Bing Bian
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shandong University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266590
- China
| | - Ying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang 550025
- China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun B, Musgrave IF, Day AI, Heimann K, Keene FR, Collins JG. Eukaryotic Cell Toxicity and HSA Binding of [Ru(Me 4phen)(bb 7)] 2+ and the Effect of Encapsulation in Cucurbit[10]uril. Front Chem 2018; 6:595. [PMID: 30560120 PMCID: PMC6287197 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity (IC50) of a series of mononuclear ruthenium complexes containing bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,n-alkane (bbn) as a tetradentate ligand against three eukaryotic cell lines—BHK (baby hamster kidney), Caco-2 (heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma) and Hep-G2 (liver carcinoma)—have been determined. The results demonstrate that cis-α-[Ru(Me4phen)(bb7)]2+ (designated as α-Me4phen-bb7, where Me4phen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) showed little toxicity toward the three cell lines, and was considerably less toxic than cis-α-[Ru(phen)(bb12)]2+ (α-phen-bb12) and the dinuclear complex [{Ru(phen)2}2{μ-bb12}]4+. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the binding of the ruthenium complexes with human serum albumin (HSA). The binding of α-Me4phen-bb7 to the macrocyclic host molecule cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]) was examined by NMR spectroscopy. Large upfield 1H NMR chemical shift changes observed for the methylene protons in the bb7 ligand upon addition of Q[10], coupled with the observation of several intermolecular ROEs in ROESY spectra, indicated that α-Me4phen-bb7 bound Q[10] with the bb7 methylene carbons within the cavity and the metal center positioned outside one of the portals. Simple molecular modeling confirmed the feasibility of the binding model. An α-Me4phen-bb7-Q[10] binding constant of 9.9 ± 0.2 × 106 M−1 was determined by luminescence spectroscopy. Q[10]-encapsulation decreased the toxicity of α-Me4phen-bb7 against the three eukaryotic cell lines and increased the binding affinity of the ruthenium complex for HSA. Confocal microscopy experiments indicated that the level of accumulation of α-Me4phen-7 in BHK cells is not significantly affected by Q[10]-encapsulation. Taken together, the combined results suggest that α-Me4phen-7 could be a good candidate as a new antimicrobial agent, and Q[10]-encapsulation could be a method to improve the pharmacokinetics of the ruthenium complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Sun
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ian F Musgrave
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anthony I Day
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kirsten Heimann
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - F Richard Keene
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine/Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - J Grant Collins
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Li X, Gorle AK, Sundaraneedi MK, Keene FR, Collins JG. Kinetically-inert polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes as therapeutic agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
14
|
Li F, Gorle AK, Ranson M, Vine KL, Kinobe R, Feterl M, Warner JM, Keene FR, Collins JG, Day AI. Probing the pharmacokinetics of cucurbit[7, 8 and 10]uril: and a dinuclear ruthenium antimicrobial complex encapsulated in cucurbit[10]uril. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:4172-4179. [PMID: 28443914 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00724h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The relatively non-toxic family of cucurbit[n]uril, Q[n], have shown considerable potential in vitro as drug delivery agents, with only a few examples of pharmacokinetic (PK) studies for drug⊂Q[n]. Drug-free Q[n] PK studies are the next step in determining the pharmacological applicability in their drug delivery potential. The results for the first PK and bio-distribution of drug-free 14C-Q[7] are described for administration via intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) dosing. A study of oral administration of drug-free 14C-Q[8] has also been undertaken to determine the time course for the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), absorption and subsequent bio-distribution. Q[10], a potential drug carrier for larger drugs, was evaluated for its effect on the PK profile of a dinuclear ruthenium complex (Rubb12), a potential antimicrobial agent. The Rubb12⊂Q[10] complex and free Rubb12 were administered by i.v. to determine differences in Rubb12 plasma concentrations and organ accumulation. Interestingly, the PK profiles and bio-distribution observed for Q[7] showed similarities to those of Rubb12⊂Q[10]. Drug-free Q[7] has a relatively fast plasma clearance and a generally low organ accumulation except for the kidneys. Drug-free Q[8] showed a low absorption from the GIT into the blood stream but the small percentage absorbed reflected the organ accumulation of Q[7]. These results provide a better understanding of the probable PK profile and bio-distribution for a drug⊂Q[n] through the influence of the drug delivery vehicle and the positive clearance of drug-free Q[n] via the kidneys supports its potential value in future drug delivery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Li
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
| | - Anil K Gorle
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
| | - Marie Ranson
- School of Biological Sciences, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Kara L Vine
- School of Biological Sciences, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Robert Kinobe
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia and Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Marshall Feterl
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia and Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M Warner
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia and Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - F Richard Keene
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia and School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - J Grant Collins
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
| | - Anthony I Day
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Poynton FE, Bright SA, Blasco S, Williams DC, Kelly JM, Gunnlaugsson T. The development of ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl complexes and conjugates for in vitro cellular and in vivo applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7706-7756. [PMID: 29177281 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00680b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(ii) [Ru(ii)] polypyridyl complexes have been the focus of intense investigations since work began exploring their supramolecular interactions with DNA. In recent years, there have been considerable efforts to translate this solution-based research into a biological environment with the intention of developing new classes of probes, luminescent imaging agents, therapeutics and theranostics. In only 10 years the field has expanded with diverse applications for these complexes as imaging agents and promising candidates for therapeutics. In light of these efforts this review exclusively focuses on the developments of these complexes in biological systems, both in cells and in vivo, and hopes to communicate to readers the diversity of applications within which these complexes have found use, as well as new insights gained along the way and challenges that researchers in this field still face.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fergus E Poynton
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Assaf KI, Gabel D, Zimmermann W, Nau WM. High-affinity host-guest chemistry of large-ring cyclodextrins. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:7702-6. [PMID: 27456317 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The host-guest chemistry of large-ring cyclodextrins (LRCDs) has been largely unexplored due to the lack of suitable guest molecules that bind with significant affinities to enable potential applications. Herein, we report their complexation with dodecaborate anions (B12X12(2-)), a novel class of guest molecules. The binding constants of the inorganic guests (10(4)-10(6) M(-1)) allow their classification as the first tight binders for LRCDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaleel I Assaf
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Detlef Gabel
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Zimmermann
- Department of Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner M Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cong H, Ni XL, Xiao X, Huang Y, Zhu QJ, Xue SF, Tao Z, Lindoy LF, Wei G. Synthesis and separation of cucurbit[n]urils and their derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:4335-64. [PMID: 26991738 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00268d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]uril chemistry has become an important part of contemporary supramolecular chemistry since cucurbit[n]urils (Q[n]s) are not only able to encapsulate various guests, but are also capable of coordinating to a wide range of metal ions, leading to the establishment of Q[n]-based host-guest chemistry and coordination chemistry. Each of these impressive developments can be attributed to the growth of protocols for obtaining Q[n]s. In this review, we survey synthetic procedures for obtaining cucurbit[n]urils and their substituted derivatives together with the separation and purification of these remarkable compounds. The coverage is aimed at both existing workers in the field as well as at those requiring an "entry" into Q[n]-based research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Cong
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Xing Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Qian-Jiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Sai-Feng Xue
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Leonard F Lindoy
- School of Chemistry, the University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Gang Wei
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship, PO Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Alrawashdeh LR, Cronin MP, Day AI, Wallace L, Woodward CE. Modelling the luminescence of iridium cyclometalated complexes encapsulated in cucurbituril. Analyst 2018; 143:519-527. [PMID: 29231223 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01632h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Iridium(iii) cyclometalated complexes in aqueous solution often display relatively weak luminescence. It has been shown in previous work that this emission can be significantly enhanced (by up to two orders of magnitude) by encapsulation in cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]). Luminescence lifetime measurements suggest a dynamic self-quenching mechanism is active, possibly due to displacement of an excited guest complex via collision with an unbound complex. We devise a model for the association of a group of iridium(iii) cyclometalated complexes with Q[10]. The model parameters are then fitted to steady-state emission titration curves. The excellent agreement of experimental data with the model provides valuable mechanistic information relating to the way this class of metal complexes interact and associate with the Q[10] host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna R Alrawashdeh
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mårtensson AKF, Bergentall M, Tremaroli V, Lincoln P. Diastereomeric bactericidal effect of Ru(phenanthroline) 2 dipyridophenazine. Chirality 2018; 28:713-720. [PMID: 27791316 PMCID: PMC5248623 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Metal susceptibility assays and spot plating were used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of enantiopure [Ru(phen)2 dppz]2+ (phen =1,10-phenanthroline and dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2´,3´-c]phenazine) and [μ-bidppz(phen)4 Ru2 ]4+ (bidppz =11,11´-bis(dipyrido[3,2-a:2´,3´-c]phenazinyl)), on Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis as bacterial models. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined for both complexes: while [μ-bidppz(phen)4 Ru2 ]4+ only showed a bactericidal effect at the highest concentrations tested, the antimicrobial activity of [Ru(phen)2 dppz]2+ against B. subtilis was comparable to that of tetracyline. In addition, the Δ-enantiomer of [Ru(phen)2 dppz]2+ showed a 2-fold higher bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect compared to the Λ-enantiomer. This was in accordance with the enantiomers relative binding affinity for DNA, thus strongly indicating DNA binding as the mode of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna K F Mårtensson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Bergentall
- Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
DNA and HSA interaction of Vanadium (IV), Copper (II), and Zinc (II) complexes derived from an asymmetric bidentate Schiff-base ligand: multi spectroscopic, viscosity measurements, molecular docking, and ONIOM studies. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 23:181-192. [PMID: 29119261 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of three complexes [Zn(II), Cu(II), and V(IV)] derived from an asymmetric bidentate Schiff-base ligand with DNA and HSA was studied using fluorescence quenching, UV-Vis spectroscopy, viscosity measurements, and computational methods [molecular docking and our Own N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and molecular Mechanics (ONIOM)]. The obtained results revealed that the DNA and HSA affinities for binding of the synthesized compounds follow as V(IV) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) and Zn(II) > V(IV) > Cu(II), respectively. The distance between these compounds and HSA was obtained based on the Förster's theory of non-radiative energy transfer. Furthermore, computational molecular docking was carried out to investigate the DNA- and HSA-binding pose of the compounds. Molecular docking calculations showed that H-bond, hydrophobic, and π-cation interactions have dominant role in stability of the compound-HSA complexes. ONIOM method was utilized to investigate the HSA binding of the compounds more precisely in which molecular-mechanics method (UFF) and semi-empirical method (PM6) were selected for the low layer and the high layer, respectively. The results show that the structural parameters of the compounds changed along with binding, indicating the strong interaction between the compounds with HSA and DNA. Viscosity measurements as well as computational docking data suggest that all metal complexes interact with DNA, presumably by groove-binding mechanism.
Collapse
|
22
|
Macartney DH. Cucurbit[n]uril Host-Guest Complexes of Acids, Photoacids, and Super Photoacids. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donal H. Macartney
- Department of Chemistry; Queen's University; 90 Bader Lane, Kingston ON Canada K7L3N6
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dehkhodaei M, Khorshidifard M, Amiri Rudbari H, Sahihi M, Azimi G, Habibi N, Taheri S, Bruno G, Azadbakht R. Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and DNA, HSA-binding studies of four Schiff base complexes derived from salicylaldehyde and isopropylamine. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
24
|
Khosravi I, Sahihi M, Rudbari HA, Borhan G, Chavoshpour-Natanzi Z. The Interaction of a New Schiff Base Ligand with Human Serum Albumin: Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies. J MACROMOL SCI B 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2017.1356634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Khosravi
- Department of Chemistry, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sahihi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ghazal Borhan
- Clinical Laboratory, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Khosravi I, Sahihi M, Dashtbani M, Rudbari HA, Borhan G. Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Bovine Serum Albumin Interaction with the Asymmetric Schiff Base Ligand and Its Molybdenum (VI) Complex: Multi Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Studies. J MACROMOL SCI B 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2017.1361265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Khosravi
- Department of Chemistry, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sahihi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Ghazal Borhan
- Clinical Laboratory, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kazemi Z, Amiri Rudbari H, Mirkhani V, Sahihi M, Moghadam M, Tangestaninejad S, Mohammadpoor-Baltork I, Kajani AA, Azimi G. Self-recognition of the racemic ligand in the formation of homochiral dinuclear V(V) complex: In vitro anticancer activity, DNA and HSA interaction. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:230-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
Yu Y, Li Y, Wang X, Nian H, Wang L, Li J, Zhao Y, Yang X, Liu S, Cao L. Cucurbit[10]uril-Based [2]Rotaxane: Preparation and Supramolecular Assembly-Induced Fluorescence Enhancement. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5590-5596. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Li
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Hao Nian
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xiran Yang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Simin Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
The effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on the structure and function of human serum albumin (HSA): Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies. Struct Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-017-0963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
29
|
Abstract
Ruthenium is seldom mentioned in microbiology texts, due to the fact that this metal has no known, essential roles in biological systems, nor is it generally considered toxic. Since the fortuitous discovery of cisplatin, first as an antimicrobial agent and then later employed widely as an anticancer agent, complexes of other platinum group metals, such as ruthenium, have attracted interest for their medicinal properties. Here, we review at length how ruthenium complexes have been investigated as potential antimicrobial, antiparasitic and chemotherapeutic agents, in addition to their long and well-established roles as biological stains and inhibitors of calcium channels. Ruthenium complexes are also employed in a surprising number of biotechnological roles. It is in the employment of ruthenium complexes as antimicrobial agents and alternatives or adjuvants to more traditional antibiotics, that we expect to see the most striking developments in the future. Such novel contributions from organometallic chemistry are undoubtedly sorely needed to address the antimicrobial resistance crisis and the slow appearance on the market of new antibiotics.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yao YQ, Liu Q, Huang Y, Zhu QJ, Zhang YQ, Xiao X, Tao Z, Wei G. Supramolecular Assemblies of Cucurbit[10]uril Based on Outer Surface Interactions. Aust J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Using an established method, we isolated a large quantity of cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]) and prepared Q[10]-based supramolecular assemblies via different approaches. For example, the structure-directing agent [CdCl4]2– was used or the Q[10] molecule itself acted as a self-structure-directing agent to form different Q[10]-based supramolecular assemblies through the outer surface interaction of Q[10]. Generally, the Q[10]-based supramolecular assemblies possess porous features that suggest that Q[n]-based compounds could be used to manufacture molecular sieves and sensors and applied in absorption and separation technologies.
Collapse
|
31
|
Gong W, Yang X, Zavalij PY, Isaacs L, Zhao Z, Liu S. From Packed "Sandwich" to "Russian Doll": Assembly by Charge-Transfer Interactions in Cucurbit[10]uril. Chemistry 2016; 22:17612-17618. [PMID: 27862408 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As the host possessing the largest cavity in the cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) family, CB[10] has previously displayed unusual recognition and assembly properties with guests but much remains to be explored. Herein, we present the recognition properties of CB[10] toward a series of bipyridinium guests including the tetracationic cyclophane known as blue box along with electron-rich guests and detail the influence of encapsulation on the charge-transfer interactions between guests. For the mono-bipyridinium guest (methylviologen, MV2+ ), CB[10] not only forms 1:1 and 1:2 inclusion complexes, but also enhances the charge-transfer interactions between methylviologen and dihydroxynaphthalene (HN) by mainly forming the 1:2:1 packed "sandwich" complex (CB[10]⋅2 MV2+ ⋅HN). For guest 1 with two bipyridinium units, an interesting conformational switching from linear to "U" shape is observed by adding catechol to the solution of CB[10] and the guest. For the tetracationic cyclophane-blue box, CB[10] forms a stable 1:1 inclusion complex; the two bipyridinium units tilt inside the cavity of CB[10] according to the X-ray crystal structure. Finally, a supramolecular "Russian doll" was built up by threading a guest through the cavities of both blue box and CB[10].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Xiran Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Peter Y Zavalij
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P.R. China
| | - Simin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P.R. China.,The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Synthesis, characterization and separation of chiral and achiral diastereomers of Schiff base Pd(II) complex: A comparative study of their DNA- and HSA-binding. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:246-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
33
|
Kumar SV, Scottwell SØ, Waugh E, McAdam CJ, Hanton LR, Brooks HJL, Crowley JD. Antimicrobial Properties of Tris(homoleptic) Ruthenium(II) 2-Pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole “Click” Complexes against Pathogenic Bacteria, Including Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9767-9777. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreedhar V. Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Synøve Ø. Scottwell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Emily Waugh
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - C. John McAdam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lyall R. Hanton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Heather J. L. Brooks
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James D. Crowley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li X, Heimann K, Dinh XT, Keene FR, Collins JG. Biological processing of dinuclear ruthenium complexes in eukaryotic cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:3032-45. [PMID: 27453040 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00431h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The biological processing - mechanism of cellular uptake, effects on the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial membranes, intracellular sites of localisation and induction of reactive oxygen species - of two dinuclear polypyridylruthenium(ii) complexes has been examined in three eukaryotic cells lines. Flow cytometry was used to determine the uptake of [{Ru(phen)2}2{μ-bb12}](4+) (Rubb12) and [Ru(phen)2(μ-bb7)Ru(tpy)Cl](3+) {Rubb7-Cl, where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, tpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and bbn = bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]-1,n-alkane} in baby hamster kidney (BHK), human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) and liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. The results demonstrated that the major uptake mechanism for Rubb12 and Rubb7-Cl was active transport, although with a significant contribution from carrier-assisted diffusion for Rubb12 and passive diffusion for Rubb7-Cl. Flow cytometry coupled with Annexin V/TO-PRO-3 double-staining was used to compare cell death by membrane damage or apoptosis. Rubb12 induced significant direct membrane damage, particularly with HepG2 cells, while Rubb7-Cl caused considerably less membrane damage but induced greater levels of apoptosis. Confocal microscopy, coupled with JC-1 assays, demonstrated that Rubb12 depolarises the mitochondrial membrane, whereas Rubb7-Cl had a much smaller affect. Cellular localisation experiments indicated that Rubb12 did not accumulate in the mitochondria, whereas significant mitochondrial accumulation was observed for Rubb7-Cl. The effect of Rubb12 and Rubb7-Cl on intracellular superoxide dismutase activity showed that the ruthenium complexes could induce cell death via a reactive oxygen species-mediated pathway. The results of this study demonstrate that Rubb12 predominantly kills eukaryotic cells by damaging the cytoplasmic membrane. As this dinuclear ruthenium complex has been previously shown to exhibit greater toxicity towards bacteria than eukaryotic cells, the results of the present study suggest that metal-based cationic oligomers can achieve selective toxicity against bacteria, despite exhibiting a non-specific membrane damage mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Synthesis, characterization and biological application of four novel metal-Schiff base complexes derived from allylamine and their interactions with human serum albumin: Experimental, molecular docking and ONIOM computational study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:448-462. [PMID: 27450299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel metal-based drug candidate including VOL2, NiL2, CuL2 and PdL2 have been synthesized from 2-hydroxy-1-allyliminomethyl-naphthalen ligand and have been characterized by means of elemental analysis (CHN), FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopies. In addition, (1)H and (13)C NMR techniques were employed for characterization of the PdL2 complex. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique was utilized to characterise the structure of the complexes. The Cu(II), Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes show a square planar trans-coordination geometry, while in the VOL2, the vanadium center has a distorted tetragonal pyramidal N2O3 coordination sphere. The HSA-binding was also determined, using fluorescence quenching, UV-vis spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD) titration method. The obtained results revealed that the HSA affinity for binding the synthesized compounds follows as PdL2>CuL2>VOL2>NiL2, indicating the effect of metal ion on binding constant. The distance between these compounds and HSA was obtained based on the Förster's theory of non-radiative energy transfer. Furthermore, computational methods including molecular docking and our Own N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and molecular Mechanics (ONIOM) were carried out to investigate the HSA-binding of the compounds. Molecular docking calculation indicated the existence of hydrogen bond between amino acid residues of HSA and all synthesized compounds. The formation of the hydrogen bond in the HSA-compound systems leads to their stabilization. The ONIOM method was utilized in order to investigate HSA binding of compounds more precisely in which molecular mechanics method (UFF) and semi empirical method (PM6) were selected for the low layer and the high layer, respectively. The results show that the structural parameters of the compounds changed along with binding to HSA, indicating the strong interaction between the compounds and HSA. The value of binding constant depends on the extent of the resultant changes. This should be mentioned that both theoretical methods calculated the Kb values in the same sequence and are in a good agreement with the experimental data.
Collapse
|
36
|
Alrawashdeh LR, Cronin MP, Woodward CE, Day AI, Wallace L. Iridium Cyclometalated Complexes in Host–Guest Chemistry: A Strategy for Maximizing Quantum Yield in Aqueous Media. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6759-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna R. Alrawashdeh
- School of Physical, Environmental
and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, Australia
| | - Michael P. Cronin
- School of Physical, Environmental
and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, Australia
| | - Clifford E. Woodward
- School of Physical, Environmental
and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anthony I. Day
- School of Physical, Environmental
and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, Australia
| | - Lynne Wallace
- School of Physical, Environmental
and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Binding interaction, conformational change, and molecular docking study of N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)aniline derivatives and carbazole Ru(II) complexes with human serum albumins. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
38
|
Kaspler P, Lazic S, Forward S, Arenas Y, Mandel A, Lilge L. A ruthenium(ii) based photosensitizer and transferrin complexes enhance photo-physical properties, cell uptake, and photodynamic therapy safety and efficacy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:481-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00450k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mixing the novel Ru2+complex TLD1433 with transferrin prior to administration generates a photosensitizing drug with reduced dark toxicity and improved photophysical properties including NIR activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Forward
- University Health Network
- Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower and University of Toronto
- Department of Medical Biophysics
- Toronto
- Canada
| | | | | | - Lothar Lilge
- University Health Network
- Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower and University of Toronto
- Department of Medical Biophysics
- Toronto
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wragg A, Gill MR, McKenzie L, Glover C, Mowll R, Weinstein JA, Su X, Smythe C, Thomas JA. Serum Albumin Binding Inhibits Nuclear Uptake of Luminescent Metal-Complex-Based DNA Imaging Probes. Chemistry 2015; 21:11865-71. [PMID: 26133680 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The DNA binding and cellular localization properties of a new luminescent heterobimetallic Ir(III) Ru(II) tetrapyridophenazine complex are reported. Surprisingly, in standard cell media, in which its tetracationic, isostructural Ru(II) Ru(II) analogue is localized in the nucleus, the new tricationic complex is poorly taken up by live cells and demonstrates no nuclear staining. Consequent cell-free studies reveal that the Ir(III) Ru(II) complex binds bovine serum albumin, BSA, in Sudlow's Site I with a similar increase in emission and binding affinity to that observed with DNA. Contrastingly, in serum-free conditions the complex is rapidly internalized by live cells, where it localizes in cell nuclei and functions as a DNA imaging agent. The absence of serum proteins also greatly alters the cytotoxicity of the complex, where high levels of oncosis/necrosis are observed due to this enhanced uptake. This suggests that simply increasing the lipophilicity of a DNA imaging probe to enhance cellular uptake can be counterproductive as, due to increased binding to serum albumin protein, this strategy can actually disrupt nuclear targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chemistry, Sheffield S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114-222-9346
| | - Martin R Gill
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN (UK)
| | - Luke McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chemistry, Sheffield S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114-222-9346
| | - Caroline Glover
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chemistry, Sheffield S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114-222-9346
| | - Rachel Mowll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chemistry, Sheffield S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114-222-9346
| | - Julia A Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chemistry, Sheffield S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114-222-9346
| | - Xiaodi Su
- Institute of Material Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 117602
| | - Carl Smythe
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN (UK)
| | - Jim A Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chemistry, Sheffield S3 7HF (UK), Fax: (+44) 114-222-9346.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhao Z, Luo Z, Wu Q, Zheng W, Feng Y, Chen T. Mixed-ligand ruthenium polypyridyl complexes as apoptosis inducers in cancer cells, the cellular translocation and the important role of ROS-mediated signaling. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:17017-28. [PMID: 25087850 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium (Ru) polypyridyl complexes have emerged as leading players among the potential metal-based candidates for cancer treatment. However, the roles of cellular translocation in their action mechanisms remain elusive. Herein we present the synthesis and characterization of a series of ruthenium (Ru) complexes containing phenanthroline derivatives with varying lipophilicities, and examine their mechanism of anticancer action. Results showed that increasing the lipophilicity of complexes can enhance the rates of cellular uptake. The in vitro anticancer efficacy of these complexes depended on the levels of ROS overproduction, rather than on cellular Ru uptake levels. The introduction of a phenolic group on the ligand effectively enhanced their intracellular ROS generation and anticancer activities. In particular, complex 4, with an ortho-phenolic group on the ligand, exhibited better selectivity between cancer and normal cells in comparison with cisplatin. Notably, complex 4 entered the cancer cells partially through transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis, and then it translocated from lysosomes to the mitochondria, where it activated mitochondrial dysfunction by regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins, thus leading to intracellular ROS overproduction. Excess ROS amplified apoptotic signals by activating many downstream pathways such as p53 and MAPK pathways to promote cell apoptosis. Overall, this study provides a drug design strategy for discovery of Ru-based apoptosis inducers, and elucidates the intracellular translocation of these complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Senthamarai Kannan B, Suresh Kumar D, Host Antony David R, Stalin A, Ignacimuthu S. Acid–base effects, light emission, DNA-binding and photocleavage studies of oligo-homonuclear ruthenium(II) complexes and their computational study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
42
|
Kalalbandi VKA, Seetharamappa J, Katrahalli U. Synthesis, crystal studies and in vivo anti-hyperlipidemic activities of indole derivatives containing fluvastatin nucleus. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02908b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As a part of our efforts to prepare better analogues of fluvastatin for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, we have synthesized some indole derivatives containing a fluvastatin nucleus by methanol mediated Claisen–Schmidt aldol condensation reaction.
Collapse
|
43
|
Tripathy SK, Taviti AC, Dehury N, Sahoo A, Pal S, Beuria TK, Patra S. Synthesis, characterisation and antibacterial activity of [(p-cym)RuX(L)]+/2+ (X = Cl, H2O; L = bpmo, bpms) complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5114-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03647f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple replacement of Cl− by H2O in {(p-cym)RuII(L)X]n+ (X = Cl or H2O) complexes enhances antibacterial activity significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Tripathy
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | | | - Niranjan Dehury
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | - Anupam Sahoo
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | - Satyanaryan Pal
- Department of Chemistry
- Ravenshaw University
- Cuttack-753 003
- India
| | | | - Srikanta Patra
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cucurbituril: Chiral Applications. Chirality 2014; 26:712-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
45
|
Adamson K, Dolan C, Moran N, Forster RJ, Keyes TE. RGD Labeled Ru(II) Polypyridyl Conjugates for Platelet Integrin αIIbβ3 Recognition and as Reporters of Integrin Conformation. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:928-44. [DOI: 10.1021/bc5000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kellie Adamson
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ciaran Dolan
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Niamh Moran
- The
Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Robert J. Forster
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Tia E. Keyes
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Alrawashdeh LR, Day AI, Wallace L. Strong enhancement of luminescence from an iridium polypyridyl complex via encapsulation in cucurbituril. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:16478-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51836a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
47
|
Chen W, Ou W, Wang L, Hao Y, Cheng J, Li J, Liu YN. Synthesis and biological evaluation of hydroxyl-substituted Schiff-bases containing ferrocenyl moieties. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15678-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51977e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|