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Fan L, Wang X, Szeto IMY, Liu B, Sinclair AJ, Li D. Dietary intake of different ratios of ARA/DHA in early stages and its impact on infant development. Food Funct 2024; 15:3259-3273. [PMID: 38469864 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04629j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) are essential in the development of infants. ARA and DHA from breast milk or infant formula are the main sources of access for infants to meet their physiological and metabolic needs. The ratio of ARA to DHA in breast milk varies among regions and different lactation stages. Different ratios of ARA and DHA mainly from algal oil, animal fat, fish oil, and microbial oil, are added to infant formula in different regions and infant age ranges. Supplementing with appropriate ratios of ARA and DHA during infancy promotes brain, neural, visual, and other development aspects. In this review, we first introduced the current intake status of ARA and DHA in different locations, lactation stages, and age ranges in breast milk and infant formula. Finally, we discussed the effect of different ratios of ARA and DHA on infant development. This review provided a comprehensive research basis for the nutritional research of infants who consume different ratios of ARA and DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Fan
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xincen Wang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | | | - Biao Liu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Andrew J Sinclair
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3152, Australia
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Brockway MM, Daniel AI, Reyes SM, Granger M, McDermid JM, Chan D, Refvik R, Sidhu KK, Musse S, Patel PP, Monnin C, Lotoski L, Geddes D, Jehan F, Kolsteren P, Allen LH, Hampel D, Eriksen KG, Rodriguez N, Azad MB. Human Milk Macronutrients and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First Two Years: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100149. [PMID: 37981047 PMCID: PMC10831902 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Among exclusively breastfed infants, human milk (HM) provides complete nutrition in the first mo of life and remains an important energy source as long as breastfeeding continues. Consisting of digestible carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids, as well as fats and fatty acids, macronutrients in human milk have been well studied; however, many aspects related to their relationship to growth in early life are still not well understood. We systematically searched Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science to synthesize evidence published between 1980 and 2022 on HM components and anthropometry through 2 y of age among term-born healthy infants. From 9992 abstracts screened, 57 articles reporting observations from 5979 dyads were included and categorized based on their reporting of HM macronutrients and infant growth. There was substantial heterogeneity in anthropometric outcome measurement, milk collection timelines, and HM sampling strategies; thus, meta-analysis was not possible. In general, digestible carbohydrates were positively associated with infant weight outcomes. Protein was positively associated with infant length, but no associations were reported for infant weight. Finally, HM fat was not consistently associated with any infant growth metrics, though various associations were reported in single studies. Fatty acid intakes were generally positively associated with head circumference, except for docosahexaenoic acid. Our synthesis of the literature was limited by differences in milk collection strategies, heterogeneity in anthropometric outcomes and analytical methodologies, and by insufficient reporting of results. Moving forward, HM researchers should accurately record and account for breastfeeding exclusivity, use consistent sampling protocols that account for the temporal variation in HM macronutrients, and use reliable, sensitive, and accurate techniques for HM macronutrient analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Merilee Brockway
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Allison I Daniel
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah M Reyes
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Matthew Granger
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Deborah Chan
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Canada
| | - Rebecca Refvik
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Karanbir K Sidhu
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Suad Musse
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pooja P Patel
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Caroline Monnin
- Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Larisa Lotoski
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Donna Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fyezah Jehan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aga Khan University, Pakistan
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Lindsay H Allen
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Daniela Hampel
- Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Kamilla G Eriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natalie Rodriguez
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Meghan B Azad
- Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada.
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A comparative study of human milk fat substitute from Rhodococcus opacus and plant-oil based commercial products. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Karadayi R, Pallot C, Cabaret S, Mazzocco J, Gabrielle PH, Semama DS, Chantegret C, Ternoy N, Martin D, Donier A, Gregoire S, Creuzot-Garcher CP, Bron AM, Bretillon L, Berdeaux O, Acar N. Modification of erythrocyte membrane phospholipid composition in preterm newborns with retinopathy of prematurity: The omegaROP study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:921691. [PMID: 36158214 PMCID: PMC9504055 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.921691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may prevent retinal vascular abnormalities observed in oxygen-induced retinopathy, a model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In the OmegaROP prospective cohort study, we showed that preterm infants who will develop ROP accumulate the n-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (ARA) at the expense of the n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in erythrocytes with advancing gestational age (GA). As mice lacking plasmalogens -That are specific phospholipids considered as reservoirs of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs- Display a ROP-like phenotype, the aim of this study was to determine whether plasmalogens are responsible for the changes observed in subjects from the OmegaROP study. Accordingly, preterm infants aged less than 29 weeks GA were recruited at birth in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of University Hospital Dijon, France. Blood was sampled very early after birth to avoid any nutritional influence on its lipid composition. The lipid composition of erythrocytes and the structure of phospholipids including plasmalogens were determined by global lipidomics using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). LC-HRMS data confirmed our previous observations by showing a negative association between the erythrocyte content in phospholipid esterified to n-6 PUFAs and GA in infants without ROP (rho = -0.485, p = 0.013 and rho = -0.477, p = 0.015 for ethanolamine and choline total phospholipids, respectively). Phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) species with ARA, namely PtdCho16:0/20:4 (rho = -0.511, p < 0.01) and PtdEtn18:1/20:4 (rho = -0.479, p = 0.015), were the major contributors to the relationship observed. On the contrary, preterm infants developing ROP displayed negative association between PtdEtn species with n-3 PUFAs and GA (rho = -0.380, p = 0.034). They were also characterized by a positive association between GA and the ratio of ethanolamine plasmalogens (PlsEtn) with n-6 PUFA to PlsEtn with n-3 PUFAs (rho = 0.420, p = 0.029), as well as the ratio of PlsEtn with ARA to PlsEtn with DHA (rho = 0.843, p = 0.011). Altogether, these data confirm the potential accumulation of n-6 PUFAs with advancing GA in erythrocytes of infants developing ROP. These changes may be partly due to plasmalogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Karadayi
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
| | - Charlotte Pallot
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
- University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabaret
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, ChemoSens Platform, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Mazzocco
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
| | | | - Denis S. Semama
- University Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dijon, France
| | | | - Ninon Ternoy
- University Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dijon, France
| | - Delphine Martin
- University Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Donier
- University Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Gregoire
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine P. Creuzot-Garcher
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
- University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon, France
| | - Alain M. Bron
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
- University Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Dijon, France
| | - Lionel Bretillon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, ChemoSens Platform, Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, Institut Agro, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Eye and Nutrition Research Group, Dijon, France
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Patel A, Desai SS, Mane VK, Enman J, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Matsakas L. Futuristic food fortification with a balanced ratio of dietary ω-3/ω-6 omega fatty acids for the prevention of lifestyle diseases. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Docosahexaenoic acid-rich algae oil supplementation on breast milk fatty acid profile of mothers who delivered prematurely: a randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21492. [PMID: 34728723 PMCID: PMC8564506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants are deficient in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a fatty acid (FA) associated with an increase in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In two previous randomized control trials, DHA supplementation did not reduce the risk of BPD. We examined the breast milk FA profile, collected 14 days after birth, of mothers who delivered before 29 weeks of gestation and who were supplemented with DHA-rich algae oil or a placebo within 72 h after birth as part of the MOBYDIck trial. Milk FA were analyzed by gas chromatography. The total amount of FA (mg/mL) was similar in both groups but the supplementation increased DHA (expressed as % of total FA, mean ± SD, treatment vs placebo, 0.95 ± 0.44% vs 0.34 ± 0.20%; P < 0.0001), n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (0.275 ± 0.14% vs 0.04 ± 0.04%; P < 0.0001) and eicosapentaenoic acid (0.08 ± 0.08% vs 0.07 ± 0.07%; P < 0.0001) while decreasing n-3 DPA (0.16 ± 0.05% vs 0.17 ± 0.06%; P < 0.05). Supplementation changed the ratio of DHA to arachidonic acid (1.76 ± 1.55% vs 0.60 ± 0.31%; P < 0.0001) and n-6 to n-3 FA (0.21 ± 0.06% vs 0.17 ± 0.04%; P < 0.0001). DHA-rich algae supplementation successfully increased the DHA content of breast milk but also included secondary changes that are closely involved with inflammation and may contribute to changing clinical outcomes.
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7
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Chen Y, Wang B, Yang C, Shi Y, Dong Z, Troy FA. Functional Correlates and Impact of Dietary Lactoferrin Intervention and its Concentration-dependence on Neurodevelopment and Cognition in Neonatal Piglets. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001099. [PMID: 33641262 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Lactoferrin (Lf), a sialylated milk glycoprotein, promotes early neurodevelopment and cognition. Functional concentrations of Lf, however, remain unknown. Our objective is to determine the concentration-dependency of Lf on genes associated with neurodevelopment and cognition in neonatal piglets. METHODS AND RESULTS Piglets are given milk replacer with Lf at concentrations of 155 (low) or 285 mg kg-1 day-1 (high) from postnatal days 3 to 38. Gene expression associated with neurodevelopment, cognition, and cognate proteins were quantitated. This study found 1) The rate of learning and long-term memory was higher with 155 mg kg-1 day-1 assessed in an eight-arm radial maze; 2) Global gene transcription profiling showed this lower concentration upregulated genes and functions correlated with neurodevelopment and cognition, while the higher concentration regulated cellular processes for neuroprotection; 3) Expression of BDNF genes and proteins were higher with both concentrations, while genes regulating BDNF signaling, including SLC6A3, IGF-1 responded more to the lower concentration; 4) The lower concentration modulated genes in the five highest networks associated with cellularity and neurocognition, while the prevention of neurodevelopmental and neurological pathologies was associated with the higher concentration. CONCLUSION The lower concentrations of Lf enhanced neurodevelopment and cognition, while higher concentrations are greater neuroprotective, findings of potential novel clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Changwei Yang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Nestle Research Centre, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Zhizhong Dong
- Nutrition & Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing, 102209, China
| | - Frederic A Troy
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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8
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Zhang LS, Chu MY, Zong MH, Yang JG, Lou WY. Facile and Green Production of Human Milk Fat Substitute through Rhodococcus opacus Fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9368-9376. [PMID: 32700528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human milk fat substitute (HMFS) is a class of structured lipids widely used in infant formulas. Herein, HMFS was prepared by Rhodococcus opacus fermentation. The substrate oils suitable for HMFS production were coconut oil (66.1-57.5%), soybean oil (17.5-26.5%), high oleic acid sunflower oil (5.4-4.5%), Antarctic krill oil (9-9.5%), and fungal oil (2%). Six HMFSs were prepared, among which HMFS V and VI were similar to human milk fat from Chinese in terms of fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol species. The sn-2 position of HMFS was occupied by palmitic acid (49.31 and 43.48% in HMFS V and VI, respectively). The major triacylglycerols were OPL, OPO, and LPL, accounting for 15.90, 9.49, and 6.84 and 17.52, 8.44, and 8.55% in HMFS V and VI, respectively. This study is the first to prepare structured lipids intended for infant formula through fermentation, providing a novel strategy for the edible oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Shang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Mei-Yun Chu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ji-Guo Yang
- South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Xincheng Road, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
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9
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Zhang LS, Chu MY, Zong MH, Yang JG, Lou WY. Carbon source modify lipids composition of Rhodococcus opacus intended for infant formula. J Biotechnol 2020; 319:8-14. [PMID: 32470464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Human milk fat substitutes (HMFSs) are the structured lipids intended for infant formula. It provides energy and essential fatty acid for infant. HMFSs are mainly prepared by enzymatic method. In this study, we aim to explore the potential for producing HMFSs by fermentation using R. opacus. The results indicated that different compounds with chain length from 12 to 18, used as carbon source, could be incorporated into triacylglycerols directly. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in term of ARA, EPA, DHA could enter the kennedy pathway directly and involved in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerols. GC, UPLC-MS and 13C-NMR analysis demonstrated that typical structured lipids β-OPL (40.09%) was synthesized in R. opacus. Transcriptome analysis revealed that β-oxidation, fatty acid elongation and kennedy pathways existed in R. opacus. It was concluded that fatty acid supplied as carbon source could enter the kennedy pathways directly or via the de novo fatty acid biosynthesis pathway depending on the chain length, thus, affect the triacylglycerol species formed in the Rhodococcus opacus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Shang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Mei-Yun Chu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ji-Guo Yang
- South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Xincheng Road, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Li D, Yi H, Xu T, Li S, Zhang L. Fatty acid and triacylglycerol comparison of infant formulas on the Chinese market. Int Dairy J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Hauser J, Sultan S, Rytz A, Steiner P, Schneider N. A blend containing docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B9, iron and sphingomyelin promotes myelination in an in vitro model. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 23:931-945. [PMID: 30806182 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1580918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
During the development of the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes (OLs) are responsible for myelination, the formation of the myelin sheath around axons. This process enhances neuronal connectivity and supports the maturation of emerging cognitive functions. In humans, recent evidence suggests that early life nutrition may affect myelination. In the present study, we investigated the impact of a blend containing docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B9, iron and sphingomyelin, or each of these nutrients individually, on oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) proliferation and maturation into OLs as well as their myelinating properties. By using an in vitro model, developed to study each step of myelination, we found that the nutrient blend increased the number of OPCs and promoted their differentiation and maturation into OLs, as measured by quantifying A2B5 positive cells, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) positive cells and area, myelin binding protein (MBP) positive cells and area, respectively. Moreover, measuring myelination by quantifying the overlapping signal between neurofilament and either MAG or MBP revealed a positive effect of the blend on OLs myelinating properties. In contrast, treatment with each individual nutrient resulted in differential effects on the various readouts. This work suggests that dietary intake of these nutrients during early life, might be beneficial for myelination.
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12
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Keilhoff G, Mbou RP, Lucas B, Schild L. The Differentiation of Spinal Cord Motor Neurons is Associated with Changes of the Mitochondrial Phospholipid Cardiolipin. Neuroscience 2019; 400:169-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Qasem RJ. Single-tube biosynthesis and extraction of U-13C and U-14C arachidonic acid from microcultures of Mortierella alpina for in vivo pharmacology and metabolic tracing studies. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 92:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Wen M, Ding L, Zhang L, Cong P, Zhang T, Xu J, Chang Y, Wang Y, Xue C. A comparative study of eicosapentaenoic acid enriched phosphatidylcholine and ethyl ester in improving cognitive deficiency in Alzheimer's disease model rats. Food Funct 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01815k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms of EPA-PC and EPA-EE in improving Aβ-induced cognitive deficiency in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wen
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Research
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
| | - Lin Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
| | - Peixu Cong
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
| | - Yuming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao 266003
- P.R. China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology
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15
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Toxicological evaluation of arachidonic acid (ARA)-rich oil and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich oil. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 96:133-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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16
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Fink NH, Collins CT, Gibson RA, Makrides M, Penttila IA. Targeting inflammation in the preterm infant: The role of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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17
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He YB, Ren HW, Cao YT, Li HJ, Zhang Z, Liu N. Comparing the composition and trend of fatty acid in human milk with bovine milk and infant formula in northeast region of China. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2016.1188858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Bo He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Dairy Engineering & Technical Research Center, Heilongjiang Dairy Industry Technical Development Center, Harbin, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao-Wei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Dairy Engineering & Technical Research Center, Heilongjiang Dairy Industry Technical Development Center, Harbin, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Tong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Dairy Engineering & Technical Research Center, Heilongjiang Dairy Industry Technical Development Center, Harbin, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - He-Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Dairy Engineering & Technical Research Center, Heilongjiang Dairy Industry Technical Development Center, Harbin, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Dairy Engineering & Technical Research Center, Heilongjiang Dairy Industry Technical Development Center, Harbin, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Dairy Engineering & Technical Research Center, Heilongjiang Dairy Industry Technical Development Center, Harbin, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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18
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Dai P, Chen H, Yang B, Wang H, Yang Q, Zhang H, Chen W, Chen YQ. Mortierella alpina feed supplementation enriched hen eggs with DHA and AA. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Eggs enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered an important nutrition source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
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Barrio J, Díaz-Martín J, Manrique I, Martín Martínez B, Ortega E. Expert consensus on the nutritional aspects of initial and follow-on infant formulas. ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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20
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Mikhael EM. Comparison Among Commonly Available Infant Formula Milks in the Iraqi Market. Glob Pediatr Health 2015; 2:2333794X15608716. [PMID: 27335982 PMCID: PMC4784611 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x15608716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast-feeding is the best method of feeding infants. In some cases, formula milk can be a suitable alternative, so this study aimed to compare the safety and nutritional adequacy of commonly available formula milks in the Iraqi market. An observational study for the commonly available formula milks was conducted in the largest supermarkets of Baghdad, Iraq, during January-March 2015. The macronutrient and micronutrient contents as presented in the label of each type of formula milk was compared with the standard requirement of formula milk according to the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) guidelines. Dielac formula milk is the commonest formula milk in the Iraqi market, with the lowest price when compared with other formula milks. All infant formula milks (Similac, Guigoz, and S-26 Gold) except Dielac have the mandatory contents within the specified ranges, according to the ESPGHAN guidelines. Dielac lacks more than 1 of the major mandatory contents besides lacking all optional contents in its formula. Guigoz formula milk lacks the optional ingredients arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and nucleotides. Similac milk was supplemented with a higher-than-specified level of nucleotides, and its l-carnitine contents were not declared. Only S26 Gold formula milk contained all mandatory and optional ingredients within the specified range, according to the ESPGHAN guidelines. In conclusion, no formula milk can resemble breast milk; however, S26 Gold formula milk is the most acceptable formula, and Dielac formula milk is the worst. Therefore, it is recommended that Dielac be withdrawn from the Iraqi market.
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21
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Liu G, Ding Z, Li X, Chen X, Wu Y, Xie L. Relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in maternal diets and human milk in the first month post-partum. J Hum Nutr Diet 2015; 29:405-10. [PMID: 26419741 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study evaluated the relationship between dietary fatty acid (FA) intakes and human milk FA levels. METHODS Healthy lactating women (n = 514) from Northern China participated in the study. Dietary intake was assessed with a 24-h dietary recall questionnaire and evaluated using golden key maternal nutrition software (Wincome, Shanghai, China) and China Food Composition 2009. Human milk FA composition was determined by gas chromatography. RESULTS The maternal daily median intakes of linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (ALA) and arachidonic acid (AA) were 19.93 g, 3.08 g and 16.33 mg, respectively. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intakes were below the recommended levels. FA levels in 100 g of human milk were 0.363 g LA, 0.038 g γ-linolenic acid (GLA), 0.052 g dihomo γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), 0.144 g ALA, 0.079 g AA, 0.007 g EPA, 0.018 g docosatetraenoic acid (DTA) and 0.048 g DHA. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that human milk DGLA levels were negatively correlated with dietary LA intake (β = -0.223, P = 0.030), and human milk GLA and DTA levels were negatively correlated with dietary ALA intake (β = -2.189, P = 0.031; β = -2.252, P = 0.027) after adjusting for possible confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggest the presence of competitive interactions between n-3 fatty acids (ALA) and n-6 fatty acids (GLA and DTA).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Liu
- Experimental Center of Prevention, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Z Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - L Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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He M, Guo S, Li Z. Dynamically in situ monitoring lipid changes in DHA-treated breast cells by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:987-990. [PMID: 26407314 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manwen He
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, P.R. China
| | - Zhili Li
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, P.R. China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To outline new evidence published from 2013 to 2014 about breast milk fortification in preterm infants. RECENT FINDINGS Breast milk is the feeding choice for preterm infants because of its immunoprotective properties. However, breast milk's nutrient content is not sufficient for preterm infants, and interindividual variation is high. The variation challenges standard fortification, which assumes a standard breast milk composition. Two new fortification strategies (adjustable fortification and target fortification) optimize macronutrient intake and improve growth. Adjustable fortification uses blood urea nitrogen levels to adjust fortifier strength. Target fortification analyzes breast milk and fortifies macronutrients individually to achieve targeted intake. Its feasibility is shown in clinical routine. Current breast milk analyzers used for target fortification achieve acceptable precision for protein and fat but not for lactose and energy. Evidence of benefits for postdischarge breast milk fortification is lacking. Eliminating cow's milk products and feeding exclusively breast milk may decrease the occurrence of feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis. To facilitate exclusively breast milk diets, a collaboration of prenatal, nutrition and lactation stakeholders is key. Fortification increases osmolality; however, safety cutoffs to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis are unclear. There is also new evidence that composition and structure of various macronutrients and micronutrients affect growth and development, and might play a role in future fortification concepts. SUMMARY Recent research focuses on the variability of breast milk composition, its impact on postnatal growth patterns and the usefulness of target fortification. As well, diets exclusively composed of human milk are a promising approach to improve feeding tolerance. For safe fortification, osmolality cutoff levels are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Rochow
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Barrio J, Díaz-Martín JJ, Manrique I, Martín Martínez B, Ortega E. [Expert consensus on the nutritional aspects of initial and follow-on infant formulas]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2015; 83:376-86. [PMID: 25801069 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infant feeding in the first months/years of life affects the health in the short and long term. Breastfeeding is the perfect food due to its many benefits. However, when breastfeeding is not possible, infant formulas are the best alternative. The aim of this study is to define the role of the supplemented formulas in infant nutrition using the opinion of a panel of experts in infant gastroenterology and nutrition. MATERIAL AND METHODS A survey, using 62 items, stratified into 5 blocks, was performed by 48 panelists using the Delphi method to achieve a professional criteria consensus on nutritional aspects of infant formulas. RESULTS A consensus was reached in 64.6% of the items, with a non-unified agreement being established as regards the nutritional aspects of infant formulas, and their influence in body and brain development and immune maturity. CONCLUSIONS According to the experts surveyed, there is consensus as regards the suitable composition of lipids, lactose, calcium, vitamin D, and prebiotics in infant formulas, for a correct cerebral, immune and somatic development. There was no consensus on the not yet well-defined subjects, such as nutritional quality of proteins, use of thickeners, taurine supplementation, probiotic, and symbiotic aspects. More studies are necessary to confirm these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barrio
- Sección de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Infantil, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, España.
| | - J J Díaz-Martín
- Sección de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica, Área de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
| | - I Manrique
- Instituto Valenciano de Pediatría y Puericultura, Valencia, España
| | - B Martín Martínez
- Unidad de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Infantil, Hospital de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, España
| | - E Ortega
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Maracena, Maracena, Granada, España
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