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Khan GA, Demirtaş Ö, Demir AK, Aytekin Ö, Bek A, Bhatti AS, Ahmed W. Fabrication of flexible, cost-effective, and scalable silver substrates for efficient surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy based trace detection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Kim SJ, Hwang JS, Park JE, Yang M, Kim S. Exploring SERS from complex patterns fabricated by multi-exposure laser interference lithography. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:315303. [PMID: 33892481 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abfb32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Designing uniform plasmonic surfaces in a large area is highly recommended for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). As periodic morphologies exhibit uniform SERS and optical tunability, diverse fabrication methods of periodic nanostructures have been reported for SERS applications. Laser interference lithography (LIL) is one of the most versatile tools since it can rapidly fabricate periodic patterns without the usage of photomasks. Here, we explore complex interference patterns for spatially uniform SERS sensors and its cost-effective fabrication method termed multi-exposure laser interference lithography (MELIL). MELIL can produce nearly periodic profiles along every direction confirmed by mathematical background, and in virtue of periodicity, we show that highly uniform Raman scattering (relative standard deviation <6%) can also be achievable in complex geometries as the conventional hole patterns. We quantitatively characterize the Raman enhancement of the MELIL complex patterns after two different metal deposition processes, Au e-beam evaporation and Ag electroplating, which results in 0.387 × 105and 1.451 × 105in enhancement factor respectively. This alternative, vacuum-free electroplating method realizes an even more cost-effective process with enhanced performance. We further conduct the optical simulation for MELIL complex patterns which exhibits the broadened and shifted absorption peaks. This result supports the potential of the expanded optical tunability of the suggested process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - June Sik Hwang
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering Education, Chungnam National University (CNU), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The State University of New York Korea (SUNY Korea), Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanha Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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3
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Min S, Li S, Zhu Z, Li W, Tang X, Liang C, Wang L, Cheng X, Li WD. Gradient wettability induced by deterministically patterned nanostructures. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2020; 6:106. [PMID: 34567715 PMCID: PMC8433471 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-020-00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a large-scale surface with continuously varying wettability induced by ordered gradient nanostructures. The gradient pattern is generated from nonuniform interference lithography by utilizing the Gaussian-shaped intensity distribution of two coherent laser beams. We also develop a facile fabrication method to directly transfer a photoresist pattern into an ultraviolet (UV)-cured high-strength replication molding material, which eliminates the need for high-cost reactive ion etching and e-beam evaporation during the mold fabrication process. This facile mold is then used for the reproducible production of surfaces with gradient wettability using thermal-nanoimprint lithography (NIL). In addition, the wetting behavior of water droplets on the surface with the gradient nanostructures and therefore gradient wettability is investigated. A hybrid wetting model is proposed and theoretically captures the contact angle measurement results, shedding light on the wetting behavior of a liquid on structures patterned at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518052 China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Zhouyang Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Chuwei Liang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
- HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, 311305 Zhejiang China
| | - Xing Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518052 China
| | - Wen-Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
- HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, 311305 Zhejiang China
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4
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Gao M, Lin X, Li Z, Wang X, Qiao Y, Zhao H, Zhang J, Wang L. Fabrication of highly sensitive and reproducible 3D surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates through in situ cleaning and layer-by-layer assembly of Au@Ag nanocube monolayer film. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:345604. [PMID: 31067524 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1ff2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and uniform three-dimensional (3D) surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate has been fabricated by in situ ultraviolet ozone cleaning and layer-by-layer self-assembly. The SERS properties and the structural changes of the substrates were systematically studied by adjusting the cleaning time upon the in situ and post cleaning strategy. Under the optimal cleaning condition, the cleaning technology could give rise to clean and optimal surfaces for SERS analysis, thus obtaining efficient plasmonic films populated with a large number of homogeneous 'hot-spots'. Then with the optimal monolayer film, the SERS performance derived from plasmon coupling in multilayers of the Au@Ag nanocubes substrates was explored. It demonstrated that the plasmon coupling between layers (out-of-plane) contributed much to the SERS intensity, leading a more superior SERS enhancement from the 3D SERS substrates than that from the conventional two-dimensional SERS substrates. Also the in situ cleaning 3D SERS substrates displayed a nice uniformity and excellent time stability. With this method, the optimized substrates were further used to detect prohibited pigments in drink with an excellent linear relationship between characteristic peak intensity and analytes concentration over wide concentration ranges. Our experimental results clearly show that the in situ cleaning 3D SERS substrates provide an ideal candidate for SERS applications in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Gao
- School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, People's Republic of China. School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
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5
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Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors are very powerful analytical tools for the highly sensitive detection of chemical and biological molecules. Substantial efforts have been devoted to the design of a great number of hybrid SERS substrates such as silicon or zinc oxide nanosystems coated with gold/silver nanoparticles. By comparison with the SERS sensors based on Au and Ag nanoparticles/nanostructures, higher enhancement factors and excellent reproducibilities are achieved with hybrid SERS nanosensors. This enhancement can be due to the appearance of hotspots located at the interface between the metal (Au/Ag) and the semiconducting substrates. Thus, in this last decade, great advances in the domain of hybrid SERS nanosensors have occurred. In this short review, the recent advances of these hybrid metal-coated semiconducting nanostructures as SERS sensors of chemical and biological molecules are presented.
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6
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Quispe LT, Menezes JW, Chong W, Zegarra LBR, Armas LEG. Influence of gold nanoholes and nanoslits arrays on Raman spectra and optical reflectance of graphene oxide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:31253-31263. [PMID: 30650714 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.031253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the effect of gold nanostructured substrates, fabricated by interference lithography technique (IL), on the Raman spectra and optical reflectance of graphene oxide (GO) layers. For purposes of comparison two gold nanostructured substrates, nanoslits (AuNSs) and circular nanoholes (AuNHs) were compared with a non-nanostructured gold substrate. Effects induced by the gold nanostructured substrates are discussed in terms of the ID/IG ratio and the FWHM of the G band (FWHM(G)) as a function of the G band intensity (IG), showing that both ID/IG and FWHM(G) parameters are highly sensitive to the number of GO layers (nGO), which would allow to identify the number of GO layers in a reliable way. Optical reflectance spectra (R(λ)) reveal that plasmons are generated on the surface of nanostructured substrates by the incident radiation. Dips in R(λ) are ascribed as coupling by surface plasmon polaritons described by Bloch waves (BW-SPP). A peak in R(λ) is also observed and it is ascribed to visible radiation produced by Förster resonance energy transfer and Purcell effect. The relevance of these results lies in the possibility of designing colorimetric plasmonic sensors, based on few layers of GO with an excellent control of nGO and with potential in detection of molecules by fluorescent absorption.
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7
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Okeil S, Schneider JJ. Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:2813-2831. [PMID: 30498654 PMCID: PMC6244324 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The design of efficient substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for large-scale fabrication at low cost is an important issue in further enhancing the use of SERS for routine chemical analysis. Here, we systematically investigate the effect of different radio frequency (rf) plasmas (argon, hydrogen, nitrogen, air and oxygen plasma) as well as combinations of these plasmas on the surface morphology of thin silver films. It was found that different surface structures and different degrees of surface roughness could be obtained by a systematic variation of the plasma type and condition as well as plasma power and treatment time. The differently roughened silver surfaces act as efficient SERS substrates showing greater enhancement factors compared to as prepared, sputtered, but untreated silver films when using rhodamine B as Raman probe molecule. The obtained roughened silver films were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron (XPS and Auger) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) as well as contact angle measurements. It was found that different morphologies of the roughened Ag films could be obtained under controlled conditions. These silver films show a broad range of tunable SERS enhancement factors ranging from 1.93 × 102 to 2.35 × 105 using rhodamine B as probe molecule. The main factors that control the enhancement are the plasma gas used and the plasma conditions, i.e., pressure, power and treatment time. Altogether this work shows for the first time the effectiveness of a plasma treatment for surface roughening of silver thin films and its profound influence on the interface-controlled SERS enhancement effect. The method can be used for low-cost, large-scale production of SERS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Okeil
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jörg J Schneider
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Gisbert Quilis N, Lequeux M, Venugopalan P, Khan I, Knoll W, Boujday S, Lamy de la Chapelle M, Dostalek J. Tunable laser interference lithography preparation of plasmonic nanoparticle arrays tailored for SERS. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:10268-10276. [PMID: 29790495 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08905h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The facile preparation of arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles over a square centimeter surface area is reported. The developed method relies on tailored laser interference lithography (LIL) that is combined with dry etching and it offers means for the rapid fabrication of periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures with well controlled morphology. Adjusting the parameters of the LIL process allows for the preparation of arrays of nanoparticles with a diameter below hundred nanometers independently of their lattice spacing. Gold nanoparticle arrays were precisely engineered to support localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) with different damping at desired wavelengths in the visible and near infrared part of the spectrum. The applicability of these substrates for surface enhanced Raman scattering is demonstrated where cost-effective, uniform and reproducible substrates are of paramount importance. The role of deviations in the spectral position and the width of the LSPR band affected by slight variations of plasmonic nanostructures is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Gisbert Quilis
- Biosensor Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
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9
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Polarization-dependent surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from microarrays. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 972:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Zhao Y, Yang D, Li X, Liu Y, Hu X, Zhou D, Lu Y. Toward highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering: the design of a 3D hybrid system with monolayer graphene sandwiched between silver nanohole arrays and gold nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1087-1096. [PMID: 27973628 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06834k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel graphene-metal hybrid system by introducing monolayer graphene between gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and silver nanohole (Ag NH) arrays. The design incorporates three key advantages to promote the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing capacity: (i) making full use of the single-atomic feature of graphene for generating uniform sub-nanometer spaces; (ii) maintaining the bottom layer of Ag nanoarrays with an ordered manner for facilitating the transfer of graphene films and assembly of the top layer of Au NPs; (iii) integrating the advantages of the strong plasmonic effect of Ag, the chemical stability of Au, as well as the mechanical flexibility and biological compatibility of graphene. In this configuration, the plasmonic properties can be fine-tuned by separately optimizing the horizontal or vertical gaps between the metal NPs. Exactly, sub-20 nm spaces between the horizontally patterned Ag tips constructed by adjacent Ag NHs, and sub-nanometer scale graphene gaps between the vertically distributed Au NP-Ag NH have been achieved. Finite element numerical simulations demonstrate that the multi-dimensional plasmonic couplings (including the Au NP-Au NP, Au NP-Ag NH and Ag NH-Ag NH couplings) promote for the hybrid platform an electric field enhancement up to 137 times. Impressively, the as-prepared 3D Au NP-graphene-Ag NH array hybrid structure manifests ultrahigh SERS sensitivity with a detection limit of 10-13 M for R6G molecules, as well as good reproducibility and stability. This work represents a step towards high-performance SERS substrate fabrication, and opens up a new route for graphene-plasmonic hybrids in SERS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China. and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Dong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Xiyu Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Xiang Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dianfa Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yalin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China and Laser Optics Research Center, Physics Department, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado 80840, USA
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11
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Kim KH, Chae SS, Jang S, Choi WJ, Chang H, Lee JO, Lee TI. "Atomic Force Masking" Induced Formation of Effective Hot Spots along Grain Boundaries of Metal Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32094-32101. [PMID: 27933813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an interesting phenomenon, "atomic force masking", which is the deposition of a few-nanometer-thick gold film on ultrathin low-molecular-weight (LMW) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) engineered on a polycrystalline gold thin film, and demonstrated the formation of hot spot based on SERS. The essential principle of this atomic force masking phenomenon is that an LMW PDMS layer on a single crystalline grain of gold thin film would repel gold atoms approaching this region during a second cycle of evaporation, whereas new nucleation and growth of gold atoms would occur on LMW PDMS deposited on grain boundary regions. The nanostructure formed by the atomic force masking, denoted here as "hot spots on grain boundaries" (HOGs), which is consistent with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation, and the mechanism of atomic force masking were investigated by carrying out systematic experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were made to carefully explain the related fundamental physics. Also, to highlight the manufacturing advantages of the proposed method, we demonstrated the simple synthesis of a flexible HOG SERS, and we used this substrate in a swabbing test to detect a common pesticide placed on the surface of an apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University , Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Soo Sang Chae
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Seunghun Jang
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Won Jin Choi
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114, South Korea
- Materials and Science Engineering Department, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hyunju Chang
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Jeong-O Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University , Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do 13120, South Korea
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12
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Kim K, Lee J, Jo G, Shin S, Kim JB, Jang JH. Dendrimer-Capped Gold Nanoparticles for Highly Reliable and Robust Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:20379-84. [PMID: 27403733 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimer-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au-Den) were prepared by a facile solution based method for a highly reliable and robust surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. Au-Den was selectively attached on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by noncovalent interactions between the Au capping dendrimer and the graphene surface. Au-Den/rGO exhibits the outstandingly stable and highly magnified Raman signal with an enhancement factor (EF) of 3.9 × 10(7) that enables detection of R6G dyes with concentration as low as 10 nM, retaining 95% of the Raman signal intensity after 1 year. The remarkable stability and enhancement originated not only from a simple combination of the electromagnetic and chemical mechanism of SERS but also from intensified packing density of stable Au-Den on the graphene substrate due to the firm binding between the dendrimer capped metal nanoparticles and the graphene substrate. This method is not limited to the gold nanoparticles and G4 dendrimer used herein, but also can be applied to other dendrimers and metal nanoparticles, which makes the material platform suggested here superior to other SERS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghyun Kim
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyeop Lee
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongcheon Jo
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Shin
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST , 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34142, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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13
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Zhang L, Guan C, Wang Y, Liao J. Highly effective and uniform SERS substrates fabricated by etching multi-layered gold nanoparticle arrays. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:5928-37. [PMID: 26911794 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00502k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticle multilayers printed on silicon substrates layer by layer were etched by a gold etchant to form highly effective and uniform substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The performance of the SERS substrates was systematically studied by adjusting the number of nanoparticle layers and the etching time. The optimized enhancement factor (EF) and the detection limit of the substrates were determined to be 8.6 × 10(6) and 1 × 10(-12) M, respectively. The high EF and low detection limit were attributed to the high density of "hot-spots" and the facile accession of probe molecules to these spots. Moreover, the SERS substrates exhibited a nice uniformity with a small spot-to-spot variation and a good sample-to-sample reproducibility as well. The experimental results were supported by finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulations. Our study suggests that low-cost, large-scale, and uniform SERS substrates with a high EF and low detection limit can be achieved by using bottom-up chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Changrong Guan
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Jianhui Liao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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14
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Kara SA, Keffous A, Giovannozzi AM, Rossi AM, Cara E, D'Ortenzi L, Sparnacci K, Boarino L, Gabouze N, Soukane S. Fabrication of flexible silicon nanowires by self-assembled metal assisted chemical etching for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20323j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible silicon nanowires fabricated by nano spheres lithography and metal assisted chemical etching for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Kara
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Technology
- University of Blida 1
- 09000 Blida
- Algeria
| | - A. Keffous
- Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l'Energétique (CRTSE)
- Thin Films, Surface and Interface Division
- 16038 Algiers
- Algeria
| | | | - A. M. Rossi
- Department of Quality of Life
- Food Metrology Group
- INRiM
- Turin
- Italy
| | | | | | - K. Sparnacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica
- Università del Piemonte Orientale “Avogadro”
- INSTM
- Alessandria
- Italy
| | | | - N. Gabouze
- Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l'Energétique (CRTSE)
- Thin Films, Surface and Interface Division
- 16038 Algiers
- Algeria
| | - S. Soukane
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Faculty of Technology
- University of Blida 1
- 09000 Blida
- Algeria
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15
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Fang C, Xie Y, Johnston MR, Ruan Y, Tang BZ, Peng Q, Tang Y. SERS and NMR Studies of Typical Aggregation-Induced Emission Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:8049-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global
Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Yujun Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | | | - Yinlan Ruan
- Institute
of Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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16
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Hakonen A, Svedendahl M, Ogier R, Yang ZJ, Lodewijks K, Verre R, Shegai T, Andersson PO, Käll M. Dimer-on-mirror SERS substrates with attogram sensitivity fabricated by colloidal lithography. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:9405-9410. [PMID: 25952612 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic substrates with optimized field-enhancement properties are a key component in the continued development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) molecular analysis but are challenging to produce inexpensively in large scale. We used a facile and cost-effective bottom-up technique, colloidal hole-mask lithography, to produce macroscopic dimer-on-mirror gold nanostructures. The optimized structures exhibit excellent SERS performance, as exemplified by detection of 2.5 and 50 attograms of BPE, a common SERS probe, using Raman microscopy and a simple handheld device, respectively. The corresponding Raman enhancement factor is of the order 10(11), which compares favourably to previously reported record performance values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Hakonen
- Department of Applied Physics, Division of Bionanophotonics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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17
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Cao J, Wang J. Development of Ag nanopolyhedra based fiber-optic probes for high performance SERS detection. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj02014f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tapered fiber probes based on silver nanopolyhedra were fabricated using a direct and effective autoclave reaction method and exhibited high SERS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Anhui 230031
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzu Wang
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Anhui 230031
- People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhao Y, Zeng W, Tao Z, Xiong P, Qu Y, Zhu Y. Highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering based on multi-dimensional plasmonic coupling in Au-graphene-Ag hybrids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 51:866-9. [PMID: 25429404 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07937j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate by utilizing the multi-dimensional plasmonic coupling in Au nanoparticle (NP)-graphene-Ag NP hybrid structures. An ultrasensitive SERS detection with a limit of down to 10(-13) M has been achieved when the sandwiched hybrid film is fabricated on an Ag substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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19
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Giangregorio MM, Dastmalchi B, Suvorova A, Bianco GV, Hingerl K, Bruno G, Losurdo M. Effect of Interface energy and electron transfer on shape, plasmon resonance and SERS activity of supported surfactant-free gold nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03749a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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20
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Zhu SQ, Zhang T, Guo XL, Zhang XY. Self-assembly of large-scale gold nanoparticle arrays and their application in SERS. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:114. [PMID: 24624899 PMCID: PMC3995606 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering is an effective analytical method that has been intensively applied in the field of identification of organic molecules from Raman spectra at very low concentrations. The Raman signal enhancement that makes this method attractive is usually ascribed to the noble metal nanoparticle (NMNP) arrays which can extremely amplify the electromagnetic field near NMNP surface when localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mode is excited. In this work, we report a simple, facile, and room-temperature method to fabricate large-scale, uniform gold nanoparticle (GNP) arrays on ITO/glass as SERS substrates using a promoted self-assembly deposition technique. The results show that the deposition density of GNPs on ITO/glass surface increases with prolonging deposition time, and nanochain-like aggregates appear for a relatively longer deposition time. It is also shown that these films with relatively higher deposition density have tremendous potential for wideband absorption in the visible range and exhibit two LSPR peaks in the extinction spectra because the electrons simultaneously oscillate along the nanochain at the transverse and the longitudinal directions. The SERS enhancement activity of these GNP arrays was determined using 10-6 M Rhodamine 6G as the Raman probe molecules. A SERS enhancement factor as large as approximately 6.76 × 106 can be obtained at 1,363 cm-1 Raman shift for the highest deposition density film due to the strong plasmon coupling effect between neighboring particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qing Zhu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Metal Nano-Optoelectronic Technology, Suzhou Research Institute of Southeast University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Metal Nano-Optoelectronic Technology, Suzhou Research Institute of Southeast University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Li Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Metal Nano-Optoelectronic Technology, Suzhou Research Institute of Southeast University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Kim K, Kim MJ, Kim SI, Jang JH. Towards visible light hydrogen generation: quantum dot-sensitization via efficient light harvesting of hybrid-TiO2. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3330. [PMID: 24270426 PMCID: PMC3839030 DOI: 10.1038/srep03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report pronounced enhancement of photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation of a quantum dot-sensitized hybrid-TiO2 (QD/H-TiO2) electrode that is composed of a mesoporous TiO2 layer sandwiched by a double sided energy harvesting layer consisting of a surface-textured TiO2 inverse opals layer on the bottom and a patterned mesoporous TiO2 layer on the top. CdSe/H-TiO2 exhibits a maximum photocurrent density of ~16.2 mA/cm(2), which is 35% higher than that of the optimized control sample (CdSe/P25), achieved by matching of the bandgap of quantum dot-sensitization with the wavelength where light harvesting of H-TiO2 is observed. Furthermore, CdSe/H-TiO2 under filtered exposure conditions recorded current density of ~14.2 mA/cm(2), the greatest value in the visible range. The excellent performance of the quantum dot-sensitized H-TiO2 suggests that alteration of the photoelectrodes to suitable nanostructures with excellent light absorption may offer optimal strategies for attaining maximum efficiency in a variety of photoconversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghyun Kim
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST, Korea
| | - Myeong-Jong Kim
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST, Korea
| | - Sun-I Kim
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jang
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST, Korea
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22
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Kim K, Thiyagarajan P, Ahn HJ, Kim SI, Jang JH. Optimization for visible light photocatalytic water splitting: gold-coated and surface-textured TiO2 inverse opal nano-networks. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:6254-6260. [PMID: 23733045 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01552a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A gold nanoparticle-coated and surface-textured TiO2 inverse opal (Au/st-TIO) structure that provides a dramatic improvement of photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation has been fabricated by nano-patterning of TiO2 precursors on TiO2 inverse opal (TIO) and subsequent deposition of gold NPs. The surface-textured TiO2 inverse opal (st-TIO) maximizes the photon trapping effects triggered by the large dimensions of the structure while maintaining the adequate surface area achieved by the small dimensions of the structure. Au NPs are incorporated to further improve photoconversion efficiency in the visible region via surface plasmon resonance. st-TIO and Au/st-TIO exhibit a maximum photocurrent density of ∼0.58 mA cm(-2) and ∼0.8 mA cm(-2), which is 2.07 and 2.86 times higher than that of bare TIO, respectively, at an applied bias of +0.5 V versus an Ag/AgCl electrode under AM 1.5 G simulated sunlight illumination via a photocatalytic hydrogen generation reaction. The excellent performance of the surface plasmon-enhanced mesoporous st-TIO structure suggests that tailoring the nanostructure to proper dimensions, and thereby obtaining excellent light absorption, can maximize the efficiency of a variety of photoconversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghyun Kim
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST, Korea
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