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Labella J, Durán-Sampedro G, Krishna S, Martínez-Díaz MV, Guldi DM, Torres T. Anthracene-Fused Oligo-BODIPYs: A New Class of π-Extended NIR-Absorbing Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214543. [PMID: 36350769 PMCID: PMC10107270 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Large π-conjugated systems are key in the area of molecular materials. Herein, we prepare via AuI -catalyzed cyclization a series of fully π-conjugated anthracene-fused oligo-BODIPYs. Their structural and optoelectronic properties were studied by several techniques, ranging from X-ray, UV/Vis, and cyclic voltammetry to transient absorption spectroscopy. As a complement, their electronic structures were explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Depending on the size and shape of the π-conjugated skeleton, unique features-such as face-to-face supramolecular organization, NIR absorption and fluorescence as well as strong electron accepting character-were noted. All in all, the aforementioned features render them valuable for technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Swathi Krishna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Victoria Martínez-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Martynov VI, Pakhomov AA. BODIPY derivatives as fluorescent reporters of molecular activities in living cells. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fluorescent compounds have become indispensable tools for imaging molecular activities in the living cell. 4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) is currently one of the most popular fluorescent reporters due to its unique photophysical properties. This review provides a general survey and presents a summary of recent advances in the development of new BODIPY-based cellular biomarkers and biosensors. The review starts with the consideration of the properties of BODIPY derivatives required for their application as cellular reporters. Then review provides examples of the design of sensors for different biologically important molecules, ions, membrane potential, temperature and viscosity defining the live cell status. Special attention is payed to BODPY-based phototransformable reporters.
The bibliography includes 339 references.
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3
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Dhokale B, Yadav IS, Mobin SM, Misra R. Thioether linked meso functionalized BODIPY DYEmer. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thioether linked meso BODIPY DYEmer 3 was synthesized by two different routes. The reaction of dipyrrothioketone 1 and 8-chloro BODIPY 2 in the presence of triethylamine followed by complexation with BF[Formula: see text] resulted in thioether linked meso functionalized BODIPY DYEmer 3. Using another route, the reaction of 8-chloro BODIPY 2 with sodium hydrosulphide (NaSH) at room temperature resulted in the thioether linked meso BODIPY DYEmer 3. The DYEmer 3 was characterized by 1H, [Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]B, [Formula: see text]F NMR, HRMS, and single crystal X-ray crystallography. The properties of DYEmer 3 was compared with the previously reported thioether linked [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] BODIPY DYEmers 4 and 5. The structural parameters indicating the intramolecular arrangements of two BODIPY units of DYEmer were compared and corelated with the observed properties. The time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations suggested that the thioether group at meso position of BODIPY 3 stabilizes the LUMO energy than 8-chloro BODIPY 2. Compared to 8-chloro BODIPY 2 the HOMO-1 of DYEmer 3 is destabilized whereas the LUMO+1 is stabilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhausaheb Dhokale
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Indresh Singh Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India
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4
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Patra A, Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Werz DB. Ausgedehnte, benzanellierte Oligo‐BODIPYs: In nur drei Schritten zu einer Serie planarer, bogenförmiger Nahinfrarot‐Farbstoffe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Patra
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Organische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Organische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Organische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
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5
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Patra A, Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Werz DB. Extended Benzene-Fused Oligo-BODIPYs: In Three Steps to a Series of Large, Arc-Shaped, Near-Infrared Dyes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:747-752. [PMID: 33022876 PMCID: PMC7839587 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a straightforward, three-step synthesis engaging an oligomerization and subsequent one-pot oxidation step to form fully conjugated, benzene-fused oligo-BODIPYs from simple BODIPY precursors. FeCl3 serves as an efficient, bifunctional oxidant for a (multiple) cyclization/desaturation process, applied to ethylene-bridged dimeric, trimeric and oligomeric species to transform linking ethano units into stiff benzene fusions between unsubstituted β-positions of each BODIPY unit. The structural integrity was verified by X-ray crystallography, and all target compounds were studied in detail by photophysical, electrochemical and computational means. The main S1 excited state gradually converges to a structure-specific excitation limit, displaying a strong shift of the absorption event from about 500 nm (BODIPY monomer) to 955 nm (octamer) with attenuation coefficients up to ca. 500 000 M-1 cm-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Patra
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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6
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Wu Q, Jia G, Tang B, Guo X, Wu H, Yu C, Hao E, Jiao L. Conformationally Restricted α, α Directly Linked BisBODIPYs as Highly Fluorescent Near-Infrared Absorbing Dyes. Org Lett 2020; 22:9239-9243. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Guowei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Bing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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7
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Wu Q, Kang Z, Gong Q, Guo X, Wang H, Wang D, Jiao L, Hao E. Strategic Construction of Ethene-Bridged BODIPY Arrays with Absorption Bands Reaching the Near-Infrared II Region. Org Lett 2020; 22:7513-7517. [PMID: 32969229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient strategy for the controllable synthesis of BODIPY arrays based on the Stille cross-coupling reaction has been developed, from which a family of well-defined ethene-bridged BODIPY arrays from dimer to hexamer was synthesized. These arrays showed strong absorptions reaching the near-infrared II (NIR II, 1000-1700 nm) region with maxima tunable from 702 nm (dimer) to 1114 nm (hexamer) and possessed efficient light-harvesting capabilities, excellent photostability, and good photothermal conversion abilities under NIR light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhengxin Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qingbao Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Xing Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Hua Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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8
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Mori S, Kawamoto N, Uno H. Chrysene-Bridged Porphyrin Tweezers: Chiral Receptors for Fullerenes. Chempluschem 2020; 84:686-693. [PMID: 31944003 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bis(bicyclic) molecules dimethanochrysene and diethanochrysene were prepared by Diels-Alder reaction of the naphthodiyne equivalent with cyclopentadiene and 1,3-cyclohexadiene, respectively. Reaction of dimethanochrysene and 7,9-diphenyl-8H-cyclopent[a]acenaphthylen-8-one resulted in the generation of a fluorescent hydrocarbon in unexpected multistep pericyclic reactions. Syn-oriented diethanochrysene-connected bisporphyrin tweezers was prepared from the reaction of chrysene-bridged syn-dipyrrole with tripyrranedicarbaldehyde. The structure of the receptor and its 1 : 1 complex with C60 or C70 was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The dihedral angles of the bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene moieties were narrowed by complexation of the receptor with the fullerenes. The binding affinities of the tweezers with C60 and C70 were calculated to be 2.7(4)×104 and 8.01(7)×104 M-1 , respectively by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Mori
- Division of Material Science, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
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9
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10
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Uno H, Hirose M, Honda T, Mori S, Takase M, Okujima T. Di(acenaphtho)BODIPYs and Dipyrrins as Dyes with Deep-Red To NIR Absorptions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidemitsu Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Mako Hirose
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Takayuki Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Division of Material Science, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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11
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Sadowski B, Loebnitz M, Dombrowski DR, Friese DH, Gryko DT. Electron-Rich Dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones: Synthesis and Optical Properties. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11645-11653. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcel Loebnitz
- Heinrich Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische und Computerchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dennis R. Dombrowski
- Heinrich Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische und Computerchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel H. Friese
- Heinrich Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Theoretische und Computerchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Uno H, Honda T, Kitatsuka M, Hiraoka S, Mori S, Takase M, Okujima T, Nakae T. Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s, stable near-infrared-selective dyes. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14072-14083. [PMID: 35539325 PMCID: PMC9079909 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01694a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s prepared by retro-Diels–Alder reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursors showed strong absorption bands in the near-infrared region and very weak absorptions in the visible region. Benzene-fused bis(acenaphthoBODIPY)s prepared by retro-Diels–Alder reaction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused precursors showed strong absorption bands in the near-infrared region and very weak absorptions in the visible region.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemitsu Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Takayuki Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Manami Kitatsuka
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Shogo Hiraoka
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Division of Material Science
- Advanced Research Support Center
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakae
- Institute of Advanced Energy
- Kyoto University
- Uji 711-0011
- Japan
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13
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Uno H, Tagawa K, Mori S, Okujima T, Takase M, Nakae T. Synthesis and Properties of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene- and Benzene-Fused Bis(thiaporphyrin)s. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidemitsu Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577
| | - Kazunari Tagawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577
| | - Takahiro Nakae
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577
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14
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Liu W, Yao J, Zhan C. A Novel BODIPY-Based Low-Band-Gap Small-Molecule Acceptor for Efficient Non-fullerene Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
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15
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Cristóbal López J, Del Rio M, Oliden A, Bañuelos J, López-Arbeloa I, García-Moreno I, Gómez AM. Solvent-Sensitive Emitting Urea-Bridged bis-BODIPYs: Ready Access by a One-Pot Tandem Staudinger/Aza-Wittig Ureation. Chemistry 2017; 23:17511-17520. [PMID: 28853181 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the synthesis, and computationally aided photophysical characterization of a new set of urea-bridged bis-BODIPY derivatives. These new dyads are efficiently obtained by a one-pot tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig ureation protocol, from easily accessible meso-phenyl ortho-azidomethyl BODIPYs. These symmetric bis-BODIPYs outstand by a high absorption probability and excellent fluorescence and laser emission in less polar media. Nevertheless, this emission ability decreases in more polar media, which is ascribed to a light-induced charge-transfer from the urea spacer to the dipyrrin core, a process that can be modulated by appropriate changes in the substitution pattern of the BODIPY core. Furthermore, this ureation protocol can also be employed for the direct conjugation of our BODIPY-azides to amine-containing compounds, thus providing access to fluorescent non-symmetric ureas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cristóbal López
- Bio-organic Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mayca Del Rio
- Bio-organic Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Oliden
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco-EHU, Aptd. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco-EHU, Aptd. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iñigo López-Arbeloa
- Departamento Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco-EHU, Aptd. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Inmaculada García-Moreno
- Departamento de Sistemas de baja Dimensionalidad, SuperficiesyMateria Condensada, Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Gómez
- Bio-organic Chemistry Department, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Zhao N, Xuan S, Zhou Z, Fronczek FR, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and Spectroscopic and Cellular Properties of Near-IR [a]Phenanthrene-Fused 4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacenes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9744-9750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Sunting Xuan
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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17
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Cui J, Sheng W, Wu Q, Yu C, Hao E, Bobadova-Parvanova P, Storer M, Asiri AM, Marwani HM, Jiao L. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Near-Infrared [b]Phenanthrene-Fused BF 2 Azadipyrromethenes. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2486-2493. [PMID: 28730703 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A new class of phenanthrene-fused BF2 azadipyrromethene (azaBODIPY) dyes have been synthesized through a tandem Suzuki reaction and oxidative ring-fusion reaction, or a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C-H activation reaction. These phenanthrene-fused azaBODIPY dyes are highly photostable and display markedly redshifted absorption (up to λ=771 nm) and emission bands (λ≈800 nm) in the near-infrared region. DFT calculations and cyclic voltammetry studies indicate that, upon annulation, more pronounced stabilization of the LUMO is the origin of the bathochromic shift of the absorption and high photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuen Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P.R. China
| | - Wanle Sheng
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P.R. China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P.R. China
| | - Erhong Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P.R. China
| | | | - Marie Storer
- Department of Chemistry, Rockhurst University, 1100 Rockhurst Rd, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi M Marwani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, P.R. China
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18
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Maeda C, Todaka T, Ueda T, Ema T. Synthesis of carbazole-based BODIPY dimers showing red fluorescence in the solid state. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9283-9287. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02419c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole-based BODIPY dimers 2a–g were synthesized via direct arylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| | - Takumi Todaka
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| | - Tomomi Ueda
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Tsushima
- Japan
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19
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Maeda C, Nagahata K, Ema T. Carbazole-based BODIPYs with ethynyl substituents at the boron center: solid-state excimer fluorescence in the VIS/NIR region. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7783-7788. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01473b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole-based BODIPYs 1–6 with several different substituents at the boron atom site were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Keiji Nagahata
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
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20
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Cidarér C, Hoffmann M, Oelmann J, Wolfram B, Bröring M. One-Pot Preparation of Non-Symmetric meso
-Aryl-BODIPYs: Functional Derivatives with Unusual Reactivity. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Cidarér
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; TU Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Martin Hoffmann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; TU Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Julian Oelmann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; TU Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Benedikt Wolfram
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; TU Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Martin Bröring
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; TU Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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21
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22
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Neena KK, Thilagar P. Conformational Restrictions in meso
-(2-Thiazolyl)-BODIPYs: Large Stokes Shift and pH-Dependent Optical Properties. Chempluschem 2016; 81:955-963. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalluvettukuzhy K. Neena
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
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23
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Ahrens J, Cordes B, Wicht R, Wolfram B, Bröring M. Acidic Condensation of BODIPYs with Aldehydes: A Quick and Versatile Route to Alkenyl-BODIPYs and C(sp3
)-Connected DYEmers. Chemistry 2016; 22:10320-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Ahrens
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Technical University Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Birte Cordes
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Technical University Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Richard Wicht
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Technical University Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Benedikt Wolfram
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Technical University Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Martin Bröring
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Technical University Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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24
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Yamazawa S, Nakashima M, Suda Y, Nishiyabu R, Kubo Y. 2,3-Naphtho-Fused BODIPYs as Near-Infrared Absorbing Dyes. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1310-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yamazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Mika Nakashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yukie Suda
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Nishiyabu
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yuji Kubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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25
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Wang J, Wu Q, Xu Y, Yu C, Wei Y, Mu X, Hao E, Jiao L. Synthesis, structure and photophysical properties of near-infrared 3,5-diarylbenzoBODIPY fluorophores. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthetic method for 3,5-diarylbenzoBODIPYs was reported, which showed tunable absorption/emission via the variation of the 3,5-aryl substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Qinghua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yajun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Changjiang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yun Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Xiaolong Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Erhong Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
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26
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Wang J, Wu Q, Wang S, Yu C, Li J, Hao E, Wei Y, Mu X, Jiao L. Conformation-Restricted Partially and Fully Fused BODIPY Dimers as Highly Stable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dyes. Org Lett 2015; 17:5360-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Jin Li
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Yun Wei
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Xiaolong Mu
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based
Materials; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China, 241000
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27
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Aotake T, Suzuki M, Tahara K, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Tamai N, Yamada H. An Optically and Thermally Switchable Electronic Structure Based on an Anthracene-BODIPY Conjugate. Chemistry 2015; 21:4966-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Uno H, Nakamura M, Jodai K, Mori S, Okujima T. 4,8-Dihydropyrrol[3,4-f]isoindole as a Useful Building Block for Near-Infrared Dyes. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-s(k)91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Yu C, Jiao L, Li T, Wu Q, Miao W, Wang J, Wei Y, Mu X, Hao E. Fusion and planarization of bisBODIPY: a new family of photostable near infrared dyes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16852-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07304a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of directly-fused bisBODIPY BBP was developed by fusion and planarization of bisBODIPY 4 through a FeCl3-mediated intramolecular oxidative cyclodehydrogenation reaction, showing intriguing electrochemical and spectroscopic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Tingting Li
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Qinghua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Wei Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Jun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yun Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Xiaolong Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Erhong Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
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30
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Uno H, Yoshino M, Seike A, Mori S, Nakae T, Okujima T. Face- and Regioselectivity in Electrophilic Phenylsulfenylation of 7-tert-Butoxybicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-dienes. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidemitsu Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Masaki Yoshino
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Aya Seike
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
- Integrated Center for Sciences; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakae
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
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