1
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Haino T, Nitta N. Supramolecular Synthesis of Star Polymers. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400014. [PMID: 38407573 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers, in which monomers are assembled via intermolecular interactions, have been extensively studied. The fusion of supramolecular polymers with conventional polymers has attracted the attention of many researchers. In this review article, the recent progress in the construction of supramolecular star polymers, including regular star polymers and miktoarm star polymers, is discussed. The initial sections briefly provide an overview of the conventional classification and synthesis methods for star polymers. Coordination-driven self-assembly was investigated for the supramolecular synthesis of star polymers. Star polymers with multiple polymer chains radiating from metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) have also been described. Particular focus has been placed on the synthesis of star polymers featuring supramolecular cores formed through hydrogen-bonding-directed self-assembly. After describing the synthesis of star polymers based on host-guest complexes, the construction of miktoarm star polymers based on the molecular recognition of coordination capsules is detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Natsumi Nitta
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Elise Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
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2
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Gibson HW, Rouser MA, Schoonover DV. Synthesis of Bottlebrush Copolymers Using a Polypseudorotaxane Intermediate. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry W. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Mason A. Rouser
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Daniel V. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
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3
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Plucinski A, Willersinn J, Lira RB, Dimova R, Schmidt BVKJ. Aggregation and Crosslinking of Poly(
N,N
‐dimethylacrylamide)‐
b
‐pullulan Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Plucinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam 14476 Germany
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Jochen Willersinn
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam 14476 Germany
| | - Rafael B. Lira
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam 14476 Germany
- Moleculaire BiofysicaZernike Instituut Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Groningen Netherlands
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam 14476 Germany
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam 14476 Germany
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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4
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Ooi HW, Kocken JMM, Morgan FLC, Malheiro A, Zoetebier B, Karperien M, Wieringa PA, Dijkstra PJ, Moroni L, Baker MB. Multivalency Enables Dynamic Supramolecular Host-Guest Hydrogel Formation. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2208-2217. [PMID: 32243138 PMCID: PMC7284802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Supramolecular
and dynamic biomaterials hold promise to recapitulate
the time-dependent properties and stimuli-responsiveness of the native
extracellular matrix (ECM). Host–guest chemistry is one of
the most widely studied supramolecular bonds, yet the binding characteristics
of host–guest complexes (β-CD/adamantane) in relevant
biomaterials have mostly focused on singular host–guest interactions
or nondiscrete multivalent pendent polymers. The stepwise synergistic
effect of multivalent host–guest interactions for the formation
of dynamic biomaterials remains relatively unreported. In this work,
we study how a series of multivalent adamantane (guest) cross-linkers
affect the overall binding affinity and ability to form supramolecular
networks with alginate-CD (Alg-CD). These binding constants of the
multivalent cross-linkers were determined via NMR titrations and showed
increases in binding constants occurring with multivalent constructs.
The higher multivalent cross-linkers enabled hydrogel formation; furthermore,
an increase in binding and gelation was observed with the inclusion
of a phenyl spacer to the cross-linker. A preliminary screen shows
that only cross-linking Alg-CD with an 8-arm-multivalent guest results
in robust gel formation. These cytocompatible hydrogels highlight
the importance of multivalent design for dynamically cross-linked
hydrogels. These materials hold promise for development toward cell-
and small molecule-delivery platforms and allow discrete and fine-tuning
of network properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey Wen Ooi
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jordy M M Kocken
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Francis L C Morgan
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Afonso Malheiro
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Zoetebier
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A Wieringa
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Dijkstra
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew B Baker
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
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5
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Yao X, Huang P, Nie Z. Cyclodextrin-based polymer materials: From controlled synthesis to applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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6
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7
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Willersinn J, Schmidt BVKJ. Pure hydrophilic block copolymer vesicles with redox- and pH-cleavable crosslinks. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The formation and stimuli cleavable crosslinking of completely water drained double hydrophilic block copolymer vesicles is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Willersinn
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces; Department of Colloid Chemistry
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces; Department of Colloid Chemistry
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
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8
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Bai Y, Xie FY, Tian W. Controlled Self-assembly of Thermo-responsive Amphiphilic H-shaped Polymer for Adjustable Drug Release. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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Willersinn J, Schmidt BVKJ. Aqueous self-assembly of pullulan-b
-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) double hydrophilic block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Willersinn
- Department of Colloid Chemistry; Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1; Potsdam 14476 Germany
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Department of Colloid Chemistry; Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1; Potsdam 14476 Germany
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10
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Willersinn J, Schmidt BVKJ. Self-Assembly of Double Hydrophilic Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) Block Copolymers in Aqueous Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E293. [PMID: 30970968 PMCID: PMC6431970 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of a novel combination of hydrophilic blocks in water is presented, namely poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PEtOx-b-PVP). The completely water-soluble double hydrophilic block copolymer (DHBC) is formed via copper-catalyzed polymer conjugation, whereas the molecular weight of the PVP is varied in order to study the effect of block ratio on the self-assembly process. Studies via dynamic light scattering, static light scattering as well as microscopy techniques, e.g., cryo scanning electron microscopy or laser scanning confocal microscopy, show the formation of spherical particles in an aqueous solution with sizes between 300 and 400 nm. Particles of the DHBCs are formed without the influence of external stimuli. Moreover, the efficiency of self-assembly formation relies significantly on the molar ratio of the utilized blocks. The nature of the formed structures relies further on the concentration, and indications of particular and vesicular structures are found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Willersinn
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
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11
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Schmidt BVKJ, Barner-Kowollik C. Dynamisches makromolekulares Materialdesign - die Vielseitigkeit von Cyclodextrin-basierter Wirt-Gast-Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Abteilung für Kolloidchemie; Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloid- und Grenzflächenforschung; 14424 Potsdam Deutschland
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Engesserstrasse 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen; Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
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12
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Schmidt BVKJ, Barner-Kowollik C. Dynamic Macromolecular Material Design-The Versatility of Cyclodextrin-Based Host-Guest Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8350-8369. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Department of Colloid Chemistry; Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces; 14424 Potsdam Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); 2 George Street QLD 4000 Brisbane Australia
- Macromolecular Architectures; Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstrasse 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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13
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Schmidt BVKJ, Kugele D, von Irmer J, Steinkoenig J, Mutlu H, Rüttiger C, Hawker CJ, Gallei M, Barner-Kowollik C. Dual-Gated Supramolecular Star Polymers in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Materials
Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Dennis Kugele
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse
18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft
Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jonas von Irmer
- Ernst-Berl-Institute
for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan Steinkoenig
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse
18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft
Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse
18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft
Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christian Rüttiger
- Ernst-Berl-Institute
for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials
Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Markus Gallei
- Ernst-Berl-Institute
for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse
18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft
Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- School of
Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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14
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Willersinn J, Bogomolova A, Cabré MB, Schmidt BVKJ. Vesicles of double hydrophilic pullulan and poly(acrylamide) block copolymers: a combination of synthetic- and bio-derived blocks. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02212j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The formation of vesicular structures with average diameters from 200 to 300 nm consisting of double hydrophilic diblock copolymers pullulan-b-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) and pullulan-b-poly(N-ethylacrylamide) in aqueous solution is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Willersinn
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- Department of Colloid Chemistry
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Anna Bogomolova
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- Department of Colloid Chemistry
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Marc Brunet Cabré
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- Department of Colloid Chemistry
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
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15
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Elacqua E, Croom A, Manning KB, Pomarico SK, Lye D, Young L, Weck M. Supramolecular Diblock Copolymers Featuring Well-defined Telechelic Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Elacqua
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Anna Croom
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Kylie B. Manning
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Scott K. Pomarico
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Diane Lye
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Lauren Young
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
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16
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Elacqua E, Croom A, Manning KB, Pomarico SK, Lye D, Young L, Weck M. Supramolecular Diblock Copolymers Featuring Well-defined Telechelic Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15873-15878. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Elacqua
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Anna Croom
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Kylie B. Manning
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Scott K. Pomarico
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Diane Lye
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Lauren Young
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry; New York University; 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
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17
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Willersinn J, Drechsler M, Antonietti M, Schmidt BVKJ. Organized Polymeric Submicron Particles via Self-Assembly and Cross-Linking of Double Hydrophilic Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Willersinn
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Drechsler
- Bayreuth
Institute of Macromolecular Research (BIMF) - Laboratory for Soft
Matter Electron Microscopy, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr.
30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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18
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Ren JM, McKenzie TG, Fu Q, Wong EHH, Xu J, An Z, Shanmugam S, Davis TP, Boyer C, Qiao GG. Star Polymers. Chem Rev 2016; 116:6743-836. [PMID: 27299693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 525] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in controlled/living polymerization techniques and highly efficient coupling chemistries have enabled the facile synthesis of complex polymer architectures with controlled dimensions and functionality. As an example, star polymers consist of many linear polymers fused at a central point with a large number of chain end functionalities. Owing to this exclusive structure, star polymers exhibit some remarkable characteristics and properties unattainable by simple linear polymers. Hence, they constitute a unique class of technologically important nanomaterials that have been utilized or are currently under audition for many applications in life sciences and nanotechnologies. This article first provides a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies towards star polymers, then reviews the latest developments in the synthesis and characterization methods of star macromolecules, and lastly outlines emerging applications and current commercial use of star-shaped polymers. The aim of this work is to promote star polymer research, generate new avenues of scientific investigation, and provide contemporary perspectives on chemical innovation that may expedite the commercialization of new star nanomaterials. We envision in the not-too-distant future star polymers will play an increasingly important role in materials science and nanotechnology in both academic and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing M Ren
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas G McKenzie
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zesheng An
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 2000444, People's Republic of China
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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19
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Yao H, Qi M, Liu Y, Tian W. Host-Guest Binding-Site-Tunable Self-Assembly of Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Polymers. Chemistry 2016; 22:8508-19. [PMID: 27167577 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable progress made in controllable self-assembly of stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymers (SSPs), a basic issue that has not been consideration to date is the essential binding site. The noncovalent binding sites, which connect the building blocks and endow supramolecular polymers with their ability to respond to stimuli, are expected to strongly affect the self-assembly of SSPs. Herein, the design and synthesis of a dual-stimuli thermo- and photoresponsive Y-shaped supramolecular polymer (SSP2) with two adjacent β-cyclodextrin/azobenzene (β-CD/Azo) binding sites, and another SSP (SSP1) with similar building blocks, but only one β-CD/Azo binding site as a control, are described. Upon gradually increasing the polymer solution temperature or irradiating with UV light, SSP2 self-assemblies with a higher binding-site distribution density; exhibits a flower-like morphology, smaller size, and more stable dynamic aggregation process; and greater controllability for drug-release behavior than those observed with SSP1 self-assemblies. The host-guest binding-site-tunable self-assembly was attributed to the positive cooperativity generated among adjacent binding sites on the surfaces of SSP2 self-assemblies. This work is beneficial for precisely controlling the structural parameters and controlled release function of SSP self-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
| | - Miao Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China.
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20
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Callari M, Thomas DS, Stenzel MH. The dual-role of Pt(iv) complexes as active drug and crosslinker for micelles based on β-cyclodextrin grafted polymer. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:2114-2123. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02429c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymer based on poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMEMA) and a block with pendant cyclodextrin units were self-assembled into micelles in the presence of the hydrophobic bile acid-based Pt(IV) drug, which also acted as crosslinker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Callari
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Donald S. Thomas
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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21
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Kalow JA, Swager TM. Synthesis of Miktoarm Branched Conjugated Copolymers by ROMPing In and Out. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1229-1233. [PMID: 26523242 PMCID: PMC4627642 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Architecture represents an underutilized yet promising control element in polymer design due to the challenging synthesis of compositionally varied branched copolymers. We report the one-pot synthesis of miktoarm branched polymers by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. In this work, we graft to and from telechelic poly(3-hexylthiophene), which is end-capped by oxime click chemistry, using various norbornene monomers. The self-assembly of the resulting miktoarm H-shaped conjugated polymers is studied in solution and in the solid state. A dual stimuli-responsive miktoarm polymer is prepared which displays pH-switchable lower critical solution temperature and fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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22
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Hirschbiel AF, Konrad W, Schulze-Sünninghausen D, Wiedmann S, Luy B, Schmidt BVKJ, Barner-Kowollik C. Access to Multiblock Copolymers via Supramolecular Host-Guest Chemistry and Photochemical Ligation. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1062-1066. [PMID: 35614804 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We combine supramolecular host-guest interactions of β-cyclodextrin (CD) with light-induced Diels-Alder reactions of 2-methoxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde (photoenol, PE) for the formation of multiblock copolymers. Via the synthesis of a new bifunctional chain transfer agent (CTA) and subsequent reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, we introduce a supramolecular recognition unit (tert-butyl phenyl) and a photoactive unit (photoenol) to a polymer chain in order to obtain an α,ω-functionalized polymeric center block, having orthogonal recognition units at each chain end. Multiblock copolymers are formed via the light-induced reaction of the photoenol with a maleimide-functionalized polymer chain and the supramolecular self-assembly of the tert-butyl phenyl group with the β-CD end group of a third polymer chain. By employing the fast and efficient photoinduced Diels-Alder reaction in combination with supramolecular host-guest interactions, a novel method for macromolecular modular ligation is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid F. Hirschbiel
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Waldemar Konrad
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - David Schulze-Sünninghausen
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Steffen Wiedmann
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Luy
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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23
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Bennevault V, Huin C, Guégan P, Evgeniya K, Qiu XP, Winnik FM. Temperature sensitive supramolecular self assembly of per-6-PEO-β-cyclodextrin and α,ω-di-(adamantylethyl)poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:6432-6443. [PMID: 26179328 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01293g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The host/guest interactions in water of a star polymer consisting of a β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) core bearing six poly(ethylene oxide) arms linked to the C6 positions of β-CD (β-CD-PEO7, Mn 5000 g mol(-1)) and α,ω-di-(adamantylethyl)poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (Ad-PNIPAM-12K, Mn 12,000 g mol(-1)) were studied by 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, isothermal calorimetry (ITC), and light scattering (LS). In cold water (T < 26 °C) supramolecular "dumbbell" assemblies, consisting of PNIPAM chains with β-CD/Ad inclusion complexes at each end, formed viaβ-CD-insertion of the terminal Ads through the β-CD secondary face. Light scattering, microcalorimetry (DSC), and DOSY NMR studies indicated that mixed aqueous solutions of β-CD-PEO7 and Ad-PNIPAM-12K undergo a reversible heat-induced phase transition at ∼32 °C, accompanied by a release of a fraction of the Ad-bound β-CD-PEO7 into bulk solution and the formation of aggregated Ad-PNIPAM-12K stabilized by a β-CD-PEO7 shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bennevault
- Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, 91025 Evry Cedex, France
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24
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Hirschbiel AF, Schmidt BVKJ, Krolla-Sidenstein P, Blinco JP, Barner-Kowollik C. Photochemical Design of Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles Prepared by Supramolecular Host–Guest Chemistry. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid F. Hirschbiel
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | | | - James P. Blinco
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., 4001 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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25
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Liu BW, Zhou H, Zhou ST, Yuan JY. Macromolecules based on recognition between cyclodextrin and guest molecules: Synthesis, properties and functions. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Mao Q, Liu K, Li W, Yan J, Zhang A. OEGylated cyclodextrin-based thermoresponsive polymers and their switchable inclusion complexation with fluorescent dyes. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01444h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OEGylated cyclodextrin-based polymers exhibit characteristic thermoresponsiveness and switchable inclusion ability towards fluorescent dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongqin Mao
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Kun Liu
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Jiatao Yan
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Afang Zhang
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
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27
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Abstract
This mini-review highlights the recent progress in cyclodextrin-functionalized polymers as drug carriers for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Cui-yun Yu
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of South China
- Hengyang 421001
- China
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28
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Fleischmann C, Wöhlk H, Ritter H. End group functionalization of poly(ethylene glycol) with phenolphthalein: towards star-shaped polymers based on supramolecular interactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2263-9. [PMID: 25298793 PMCID: PMC4187025 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a new phenolphthalein azide derivative, which can be easily utilized in polymer analogous reactions, is presented. The subsequent cycloaddition reaction with propargyl-functionalized methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) yielded polymers bearing phenolphthalein as the covalently attached end group. In presence of per-β-cyclodextrin-dipentaerythritol, the formation of stable inclusion complexes was observed, representing an interesting approach towards the formation of star shaped polymers. The decolorization of a basic polymer solution caused by the complexation was of great advantage since this behavior enabled following the complex formation by UV-vis spectroscopy and even the naked eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Fleischmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik Wöhlk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Ritter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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29
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Rao J, Ma H, Baettig J, Woo S, Stuparu MC, Bang J, Khan A. Self-assembly of an interacting binary blend of diblock copolymers in thin films: a potential route to porous materials with reactive nanochannel chemistry. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:5755-5762. [PMID: 24979238 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of a binary mixture of poly(styrene)336-block-poly(4-vinyl pyridine)25 (PS336-b-P4VP25) and poly(ethylene glycol)113-block-poly(4-hydroxy styrene)25 (PEG113-b-P4HS25) is shown to give rise to a cylindrical morphology in thin films through pyridine/phenol-based hetero-complementary hydrogen bonding interactions between the P4VP and P4HS copolymer segments. Removal of the cylindrical phase (PEG-b-P4HS) allowed access to porous materials having a pore surface decorated with P4VP polymer blocks. These segments could be transformed into cationic polyelectrolytes through quaternization of the pyridine nitrogen atom. The resulting positively charged nanopore surface could recognize negatively charged gold nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions. This work, therefore, outlines the utility of the supramolecular AB/CD type of block copolymer towards preparation of ordered porous thin films carrying a chemically defined channel surface with a large number of reactive sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Rao
- Department of Materials, ETH, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland.
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