1
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Corbet CHWA, van den Bersselaar BWL, de Waal BFM, Reynaerts R, Mali KS, De Feyter S, Jonas AM, Meijer EW, Vantomme G. Self-Assembly of Discrete Oligomers of Naphthalenediimides in Bulk and on Surfaces. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303107. [PMID: 38009432 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on the synthesis of discrete oligomers of alkyl-bridged naphthalenediimides (NDIs) and study their molecular nanostructures both in bulk, in solution, and at the liquid-solid interface. Via an iterative synthesis method, multiple NDI cores were bridged with short and saturated alkyl-diamines (C3 and C12 ) or long and unsaturated alkyl-diamines (u2 C33 to u8 C100 ) at their imide termini. The strong intermolecular interaction between the NDI cores was observed by probing their photophysical properties in solution. In bulk, the discrete NDI oligomers preferentially ordered in lamellar morphologies, irrespective of whether a saturated or unsaturated spacer was employed. Moreover, both the molecular architecture as well as the crystallization conditions play a significant role in the nanoscale ordering. The long unsaturated alkyl chains lead preferably to folded-chain conformations while their saturated analogues form stretched arrangements. At the solution-solid interface, well-defined lamellar regions were observed. These results show that precision in chemical structure alone is not sufficient to reach well-defined structures of discrete oligomers, but that it must be combined with precision in processing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan H W A Corbet
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bart W L van den Bersselaar
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas F M de Waal
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Robby Reynaerts
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kunal S Mali
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alain M Jonas
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Bio- and Soft Matter, Université catholique de Louvain-UCLouvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- School of Chemistry and RNA Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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2
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Irshad R, Asim S, Mansha A, Arooj Y. Naphthalene and its Derivatives: Efficient Fluorescence Probes for Detecting and Imaging Purposes. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03153-y. [PMID: 36735102 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Naphthalene, white crystalline solid having polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with characteristic mothball order is naturally present in crucial oils of various plants. Naphthalene derivatives are extensive drug resources and are use as wetting agents, surfactants and as insecticides. These derivatives exhibit unique photo physical and chemical properties. These characteristics make them the most studied group of organic compounds. Naphthalene dyes have rigid plane and large π-electron conjugation. Therefor they have high quantum yield and excellent photostability. Naphthalene based fluorescence probes due to hydrophobic nature exhibit excellent sensing and selectivity properties towards anions and cations and also used as a part of target biomolecules. In conjugated probe system, introducing naphthalene moiety caused improvement in photo-stability. Therefore among various conjugated framework, naphthalene derivatives are considered excellent candidate for the construction of organic electronic appliances. These derivatives are useful for a variety of applications owing to their strong fluorescence, electroactivity and photostability. This article is based upon investigation of photophysical properties of naphthalene derivatives and fluorescence detecting probe of naphthalene. For photophysical properties the techniques under investigation are UV visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Concentration dependent spectra and solvatochromic shifts on UV visible spectra are also part of discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqaya Irshad
- Department of Physics, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Asim
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yusra Arooj
- Department of Physics, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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3
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Nose K, Yoshioka K, Yamaji M, Tani F, Goto K, Okamoto H. Solvent-dependent fluorescence behaviour of imide-fused [ n]phenacenes ( n = 3, 5, 7). RSC Adv 2023; 13:4096-4101. [PMID: 36756556 PMCID: PMC9890965 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07771j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Imide-fused [n]phenacenes (nPDIs, n = 3, 5, 7) were systematically synthesised and their electronic features were investigated by electrochemical and electronic spectral measurements. nPDIs showed two reduction waves attributed to formation of radical ions and dianions. 3PDI produced blue fluorescence independent of solvent polarity. In contrast, 5PDI and 7PDI displayed marked positive solvatofluorochromism due to intramolecular charge transfer characters between the imide moieties and phenacene π cores in the excited state. The spectral features were analyzed by the Lippert-Mataga relationship and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keito Nose
- Division of Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Kaito Yoshioka
- Division of Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Minoru Yamaji
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma UniversityOta 373-0057Japan
| | - Fumito Tani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan
| | - Kenta Goto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan
| | - Hideki Okamoto
- Division of Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan
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4
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Medium Effects on the Fluorescence of Imide-substituted Naphthalene Diimides. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Kwon NY, Kim Y, Kataria M, Park SH, Cho S, Harit AK, Woo HY, Cho MJ, Park S, Choi DH. Donor-σ-Acceptor Dyad-Based Polymers for Portable Sensors: Controlling Photoinduced Electron Transfer via Tuning the Frontier Molecular Orbital Energies of Acceptors. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Yeon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Youngseo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Meenal Kataria
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Su Hong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seunguk Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Amit Kumar Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Min Ju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sungnam Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
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6
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Wang C, Bai FY, You ZX, Xing YH, Shi Z. Framework Materials Based on Naphthalenediimide Derivatives Supported by Aromatic Carboxylic Acids for Application as Multifunctional Fluorescence Sensors. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal University Huanghe Road 850# Dalian 116029 P. R. China
| | - Feng Ying Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal University Huanghe Road 850# Dalian 116029 P. R. China
| | - Zi Xin You
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal University Huanghe Road 850# Dalian 116029 P. R. China
| | - Yong Heng Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal University Huanghe Road 850# Dalian 116029 P. R. China
| | - Zhan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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7
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Nature of the N‐Substituted Alkyl Chain Influencing Emission Properties of Naphthalene Diimide (NDI) Via Excimer, and Exciplex Formation. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Kumar VB, Fleming CL, Murali SS, Hume PA, Davis NJLK, Söhnel T, Leitao EM. The photophysical properties of naphthalene bridged disilanes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21343-21350. [PMID: 35478807 PMCID: PMC9034148 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02961d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The photophysical properties of different structural isomers of naphthalene bridged disilanes are distinct. The presence of the Si–Si bond is key to excimer formation in non-polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin B. Kumar
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Cassandra L. Fleming
- Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences
- School of Science
- Auckland University of Technology
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Sai Shruthi Murali
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- New Zealand
| | - Paul A. Hume
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- New Zealand
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- New Zealand
| | - Nathaniel J. L. K. Davis
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- New Zealand
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Victoria University of Wellington
- New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Erin M. Leitao
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
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9
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Shejul DA, Wagalgave SM, Jadhav RW, Kobaisi MA, La DD, Jones LA, Bhosale RS, Bhosale SV, Bhosale SV. Aggregation-induced emission characteristics and solvent triggered hierarchical self-assembled chiral superstructures of naphthalenediimide amphiphiles. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05137f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the design, synthesis and self-assembly of two naphthalene diimide amphiphiles NDI-TA1 and NDI-TA2 bearing acylated and deacylated hydroxyl groups of tartaric acid, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak A. Shejul
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | - Sopan M. Wagalgave
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Ratan W. Jadhav
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Goa University
- Taleigao Plateau
- India
| | - Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- School of Science
- Faculty of Science
- Engineering and Technology
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Hawthorn
| | - Duong Duc La
- Institute of Chemistry and Materials
- Hoang Sam
- Vietnam
| | | | | | - Sidhanath V. Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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10
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Roy B, Govindaraju T. Amino Acids and Peptides as Functional Components in Arylenediimide-Based Molecular Architectonics. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bappaditya Roy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P. O., Bengaluru-560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P. O., Bengaluru-560064, Karnataka, India
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11
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Zhang J, Ma H. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures of Imides Condensed with p-Phenylamino(Phenyl) Amine and Fluorescence Property. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1873. [PMID: 31185634 PMCID: PMC6600954 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of aromatic diimide and monoimide compounds condensed with p-phenylamino(phenyl)amine were synthesized and confirmed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Elemental Analysis (EA), and High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy (HRMS). Meanwhile, single crystal X-ray diffraction showed the existence of intermolecular N···O hydrogen bonds, which affected the thermal stabilities of corresponding compounds by the support of Thermalgravimetric Analysis (TGA) curves. The steady-state UV-vis absorption peaks of synthetic compounds 1-6 appeared in the range of 220-380 nm. Fluorescence emission spectra showed peaks in the range of 290-420 nm. Meanwhile, deep-blue or violet-blue emissions for 2, 4, and 5 in THF under excitations of 254 nm and 365 nm, respectively, were observed at room temperature in air. Furthermore, Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammogram CV were conducted within -1.5-+1.5 V to show quasi-reversible behavior for conjugated compounds and irreversible behavior for less conjugated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Huaibo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
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12
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Maniam S, Higginbotham HF, Bell TDM, Langford SJ. Harnessing Brightness in Naphthalene Diimides. Chemistry 2019; 25:7044-7057. [PMID: 30675936 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of brightly emissive compounds is of great research and commercial interest, with established and emerging applications across chemistry, biology, physics, medicine and engineering. Among the many types of molecules available, naphthalene diimides have been widely used for both fundamental photophysical studies and in practical applications that utilise fluorescence as an information readout. The monomeric naphthalene diimide is weakly fluorescent, however through various methods of core-derivatisation, it can be developed to be highly fluorescent and further functionalised to add utility. In this review, we highlight recent advances made in naphthalene diimide chemistry that have led to development of molecules with improved optical properties, and the design strategies utilised to produce bright fluorescence emission as small molecules or in supramolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subashani Maniam
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | | | - Toby D M Bell
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Steven J Langford
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria, 3122, Australia
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13
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Boer SA, Cox RP, Beards MJ, Wang H, Donald WA, Bell TDM, Turner DR. Elucidation of naphthalene diimide metallomacrocycles and catenanes by solvent dependent excimer and exciplex emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:663-666. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09191a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The formation of metallocatenanes, and their disruption by aromatic solvents, is followed by excimer and exciplex emission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosalind P. Cox
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- VIc 3800
- Australia
| | | | - Huixin Wang
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | | | - Toby D. M. Bell
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- VIc 3800
- Australia
| | - David R. Turner
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton
- VIc 3800
- Australia
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14
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Kumar R, Ugale SN, Kale AM, Bhosale RS, Narayan R. Influence of Acetylation/Deacetylation on Aggregation-Induced Emission, Chirality and Self-Assembly Behavior of β
-d
-Glucopyranoside-Tethered Naphthalene Diimide Amphiphiles. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kumar
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT); Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-HRDC Campus; Ghaziabad- 201002 India
| | - Sham N. Ugale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT); Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Amol M. Kale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT); Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Rajesh S. Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT); Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - Ramanuj Narayan
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT); Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-HRDC Campus; Ghaziabad- 201002 India
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15
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Avinash MB, Govindaraju T. Architectonics: Design of Molecular Architecture for Functional Applications. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:414-426. [PMID: 29364649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The term architectonics has its roots in the architectural and philosophical (as early as 1600s) literature that refers to "the theory of structure" and "the structure of theory", respectively. The concept of architectonics has been adapted to advance the field of molecular self-assembly and termed as molecular architectonics. In essence, the methodology of organizing molecular units in the required and controlled configurations to develop advanced functional systems for materials and biological applications comprises the field of molecular architectonics. This concept of designing noncovalent systems enables to focus on different functional aspects of designer molecules for biological and nonbiological applications and also strengthens our efforts toward the mastery over the art of controlled molecular self-assemblies. Programming complex molecular interactions and assemblies for specific functions has been one of the most challenging tasks in the modern era. Meticulously ordered molecular assemblies can impart remarkable developments in several areas spanning energy, health, and environment. For example, the well-defined nano-, micro-, and macroarchitectures of functional molecules with specific molecular ordering possess potential applications in flexible electronics, photovoltaics, photonic crystals, microreactors, sensors, drug delivery, biomedicine, and superhydrophobic coatings, among others. The functional molecular architectures having unparalleled properties are widely evident in various designs of Nature. By drawing inspirations from Nature, intended molecular architectures can be designed and developed to harvest various functions, as there is an inexhaustible resource and scope. In this Account, we present exquisite designer molecules developed by our group and others with an objective to master the art of molecular recognition and self-assembly for functional applications. We demonstrate the tailor-ability of molecular self-assemblies by employing biomolecules like amino acids and nucleobases as auxiliaries. Naphthalenediimide (NDI), perylenediimide (PDI), and few other molecular systems serve as functional modules. The effects of stereochemistry and minute structural modifications in the molecular designs on the supramolecular interactions, and construction of self-assembled zero-dimensional (OD), one-dimensional (1D), and two-dimensional (2D) nano- and microarchitectures like particles, spheres, cups, bowls, fibers, belts, helical belts, supercoiled helices, sheets, fractals, and honeycomb-like arrays are discussed in extensive detail. Additionally, we present molecular systems that showcase the elegant designs of coassembly, templated assembly, hierarchical assembly, transient self-assembly, chiral denaturation, retentive helical memory, self-replication, supramolecular regulation, supramolecular speciation, supernon linearity, dynamic pathway complexity, supramolecular heterojunction, living supramolecular polymerization, and molecular machines. Finally, we describe the molecular engineering principles learnt over the years that have led to several applications, namely, organic electronics, self-cleaning, high-mechanical strength, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Avinash
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
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16
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Barendt TA, Rašović I, Lebedeva MA, Farrow GA, Auty A, Chekulaev D, Sazanovich IV, Weinstein JA, Porfyrakis K, Beer PD. Anion-Mediated Photophysical Behavior in a C60 Fullerene [3]Rotaxane Shuttle. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1924-1936. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Barendt
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Ilija Rašović
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria A. Lebedeva
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - George A. Farrow
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Auty
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitri Chekulaev
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Laser for Science Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Julia A. Weinstein
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriakos Porfyrakis
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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17
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Reddy SMM, Dorishetty P, Deshpande AP, Shanmugam G. Hydrogelation Induced by Change in Hydrophobicity of Amino Acid Side Chain in Fmoc-Functionalised Amino Acid: Significance of Sulfur on Hydrogelation. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2170-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samala Murali Mohan Reddy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory; CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar; Chennai- 600020 India), Phone: +91 44 24437224, Fax: +91 44 24911589
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); New Delhi 110 001 India
| | - Pramod Dorishetty
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai- 600036 India
| | - Abhijit P. Deshpande
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai- 600036 India
| | - Ganesh Shanmugam
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory; CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar; Chennai- 600020 India), Phone: +91 44 24437224, Fax: +91 44 24911589
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); New Delhi 110 001 India
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Avinash MB, Swathi K, Narayan KS, Govindaraju T. Molecular Architectonics of Naphthalenediimides for Efficient Structure-Property Correlation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:8678-8685. [PMID: 27002593 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a bioinspired design strategy to effectively tailor the assembly of naphthalenediimides (NDIs) into a wide variety of architectures by functionalizing with amino acid derivatives. This bioinspired process of custom designing and engineering molecular assemblies is termed "bioinspired architectonics". By employing minute structural mutations in the form of α-substituents of amino acids, we successfully engineered molecular assembly of NDIs into zero-dimensional (0D, spheres), one-dimensional (1D, fibers), and two-dimensional (2D, sheets) architectures. The 2D sheets of phenylalanine methylester appended NDI 1 showed remarkable bulk electron mobility of up to 1 cm(2) V(-1)s(-1). With the aid of photophysical, diffraction, and microscopy techniques we rationalize the effect of molecular structure with their ordering and electronic properties in an effort to find structure-property correlations via a bioinspired modular approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Avinash
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit (NCU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) , Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - K Swathi
- Molecular Electronics Lab, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) , Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - K S Narayan
- Molecular Electronics Lab, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) , Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - T Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit (NCU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) , Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, India
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Pandeeswar M, Khare H, Ramakumar S, Govindaraju T. Crystallographic insight-guided nanoarchitectonics and conductivity modulation of an n-type organic semiconductor through peptide conjugation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8315-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01996f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystallographic insight-guided and bio-inspired molecular nanoarchitectonics of an n-type organic semiconductor is described to understand the structure–property correlation, for modulation of functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pandeeswar
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bengaluru 560064
- India
| | | | | | - T. Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bengaluru 560064
- India
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Pandeeswar M, Govindaraju T. Bioinspired Nanoarchitectonics of Naphthalene Diimide to Access 2D Sheets of Tunable Size, Shape, and Optoelectronic Properties. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-014-0144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Dwivedi AK, Pandeeswar M, Govindaraju T. Assembly modulation of PDI derivative as a supramolecular fluorescence switching probe for detection of cationic surfactant and metal ions in aqueous media. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:21369-21379. [PMID: 25405529 DOI: 10.1021/am5063844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report an amphiphilic perylene diimide (1), a bimolecular analog of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), as a reversible fluorescence switching probe for the detection and sensing of cationic surfactants and Fe(3+)/Cu(2+) in an aqueous media respectively by means of host-guest interactions driven assembly and disassembly of 1. Photophysical studies of 1, going from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (State-I) to pure aqueous medium (State-II), suggested the formation of self-assembled aggregates by displaying very weak fluorescence emission along with red shifted broad absorption bands. Interestingly, the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) could disassemble 1 in miceller conditions by restoring bright yellow fluorescence and vibronically well-defined (Franck-Condon progressions A0-0/A0-1 ≈ 1.6) absorption bands of 1 over other neutral and anionic surfactants (State-III). Owing to the metal chelating nature of L-DOPA, 1 was able to sense Fe(3+) and Cu(2+) among a pool of other metal ions by means of fluorescence switching off state, attributed to metal interaction driven assembly of 1 (State-IV). Such metallosupramolecular assemblies were found to reverse back to the fluorescence switching on state using a metal ion chelator, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA, State-III), further signifying the role of metal ions toward assembly of 1. Formation of assembly and disassembly could be visualized by the diminished and increased yellow emission under green laser light. Further, the assembly-disassembly modulation of 1 has been extensively characterized using infrared (IR), mass spectrometry, microscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. Therefore, modulation of the molecular self-assembly of PDI derivative 1 in aqueous media (assembled state, State-II) by means of host-guest interactions provided by micellar structures of CTAB (disassembled state, State-III), metal ion (Fe(3+) and Cu(2+)) interactions (assembled state, State-IV) and metal ion sequestration using DTPA (disassembled state, State-III) is viewed as a supramolecular reversible fluorescence switching off-on probe for cationic surfactant CTAB and Fe(3+)/Cu(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul K Dwivedi
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, India
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Pal S, Hatai J, Samanta M, Shaurya A, Bandyopadhyay S. A highly selective chemodosimeter for fast detection and intracellular imaging of Hg2+ions based on a dithiocarbamate–isothiocyanate conversion in aqueous ethanol. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1072-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Pandeeswar M, Khare H, Ramakumar S, Govindaraju T. Biomimetic molecular organization of naphthalene diimide in the solid state: tunable (chiro-) optical, viscoelastic and nanoscale properties. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47257d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic molecular organization of naphthalene diimide in the solid state: tunable (chiro-) optical, viscoelastic and nanoscale properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pandeeswar
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore 560064, India
| | | | | | - T. Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore 560064, India
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Suseela Y, Sasikumar M, Govindaraju T. An effective and regioselective bromination of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride using tribromoisocyanuric acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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