1
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Taheri E, Jafarpour F. Developing a straightforward route toward the synthesis of arylaminomaleimides by palladium-catalyzed arylation of one-pot synthesized aminomaleimides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 22:169-174. [PMID: 38051284 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01765f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
3-Aryl-4-aminomaleimides have well-demonstrated applications, such as being used as fluorophores and inhibitors. However, their previous synthesis methods have involved tedious multi-step procedures or methods that need pre-functionalized maleimides and toxic or unstable reagents. Here, a feasible method is developed to synthesize these useful compounds. This includes the one-pot preparation of 3-aminomaleimides, followed by their direct arylation through a palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction with various aryl iodides regioselectively at the β-position of their amine substituents. The results show that this method efficiently exhibits a broad scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Taheri
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Jafarpour
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455 Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Aksenov NA, Aksenov DA, Ganusenko DD, Kurenkov IA, Leontiev AV, Aksenov AV. Synthesis of 2-carboxyaniline-substituted maleimides from 2'-nitrochalcones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:3156-3166. [PMID: 36945887 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00197k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
A practical, one-pot approach to 3-anilino-4-(het)arylmaleimides by simple heating of aqueous DMSO solution of 2'-nitrochalcones with potassium cyanide in the presence of formic acid has been developed. This new reaction provides effective access to a variety of β-substituted α-aminomaleimides which have recently become a subject of growing interest as small, easily modified and environmentally responsive fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.
| | - Dmitrii A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.
| | - Daniil D Ganusenko
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.
| | - Igor A Kurenkov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander V Leontiev
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander V Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.
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3
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Nurnabi M, Gurusamy S, Wu JY, Lee CC, Sathiyendiran M, Huang SM, Chang CH, Chao I, Lee GH, Peng SM, Sathish V, Thanasekaran P, Lu KL. Aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of tetrarhenium(I) metallacycles and their application as luminescent sensors for nitroaromatics and antibiotics. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1939-1949. [PMID: 36691828 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03408e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of tetrarhenium metallacycles [{Re(CO)3}2(μ-dhaq)(μ-N-N)]2 (3a, N-N = 1,3-bis(1-butylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene; 3b, N-N = 1,3-bis(1-octylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene), (H2-dhaq = 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone) and [{Re(CO)3}2(μ-thaq)(μ-N-N)]2 (4, N-N = 1,3-bis(1-butylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene), (H2-thaq = 1,2,4-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone) under solvothermal conditions is described. The metallacycles 3a,b and 4 underwent aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in THF upon the incremental addition of water. TEM images revealed that metallacycle 3a in a 60% aqueous THF solution formed rectangular aggregates with a wide size distribution, while a 90% aqueous THF solution resulted in the formation of a mixture of nanorods and amorphous aggregates due to rapid and abrupt aggregation. UV-vis and emission spectral profiles supported the formation of nanoaggregates of metallacycles 3a,b and 4 upon the gradual addition of water to a THF solution containing metallacycles. Further studies indicated that these nanoaggregates were excellent probes for the sensitive and selective detection of nitro group containing picric acid (PA) derivatives as well as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shunmugasundaram Gurusamy
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jing-Yun Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 545, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chou Lee
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | | | | | - Che-Hao Chang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Ito Chao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 107, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 107, Taiwan
| | - Veerasamy Sathish
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam - 638 401, India
| | | | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
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4
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Barot YB, Anand V, Mishra R. AIE-active phenothiazine based Schiff-base for the selective sensing of the explosive picric acid in real water samples and paper-based device. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Tsutsumi N, Ito A, Niko Y, Bando Y, Takahashi K, Ikeda M, Yoneyama K, Nakamura T, Izumi M, Ochi R. Glycolipid‐Type Amphiphiles with a Small Anilinochloromaleimide‐Based Luminogen Exhibiting Aggregation‐Induced Emission. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Akitaka Ito
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kami Kochi 782-8502 Japan
- Research Center for Molecular Design Kochi University of Technology Kami Kochi 782-8502 Japan
| | - Yosuke Niko
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Research and Education Faculty Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Yui Bando
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Kiyonori Takahashi
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES) Hokkaido University N20W10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0020 Japan
| | - Masato Ikeda
- Faculty of Engineering Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE) Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
| | - Kaori Yoneyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture Ehime University 3-5-7 Tarumi Matsuyama 790-8566 Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nakamura
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES) Hokkaido University N20W10, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0020 Japan
| | - Masayuki Izumi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Research and Education Faculty Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Rika Ochi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Research and Education Faculty Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Kochi University 2-5-1, Akebono-cho Kochi 780-8520 Japan
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6
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Krishnaveni K, Gurusamy S, Sathish V, Thanasekaran P, Mathavan A. Selective anions mediated fluorescence "turn-on", aggregation induced emission (AIE) and lysozyme targeting properties of pyrene-naphthalene sulphonyl conjugate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 252:119537. [PMID: 33611147 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized a novel pyrene-naphthalene sulphonyl conjugate, 1-((1Z)-(4-((Z)-4-(pyrene-1-yl)methyleneamino)phenylsulfonyl)phenylimino)methyl)naphthalene-2-ol (PSN) through a facile two-step reactions. It was characterized by various spectral techniques. Fluorescence spectral studies showed that compound PSN featured fluorescence enhancement upon increasing the water content in THF. This can be attributed to the phenomena of aggregated induced emission (AIE), which is confirmed by SEM and AFM studies, due to the restriction of CHN isomerization of PSN. The anion sensing of PSN was examined with various anions. Among these anions, H2PO4- and F- ions were selectively sensing with a low detection limit of 3.52 × 10-7 M and 7.23 × 10-7 M, respectively, and an obvious color change from yellow to orange was observed by the naked eye. The mechanism of sensing involved the formation of hydrogen bonding interaction between O-H group of PSN and H2PO4-/ F- ions. The binding of PSN with LYZ was also examined by docking studies, which shows that H-bonding and hydrophobic interactions play crucial roles for the interaction of LYZ toward PSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Krishnaveni
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India; Reg. NO:17212232032004, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India. Affiliated by Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli - 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shunmugasundaram Gurusamy
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India; Reg. NO:17212232031003, PG and Research Department of Chemistry, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India. Affiliated by Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli - 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veerasamy Sathish
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam - 638 401, India.
| | - Pounraj Thanasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
| | - Alagarsamy Mathavan
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India.
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7
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He B, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang H, Wu X, Chen X, Kei KHS, Qin A, Sung HHY, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Clusteroluminescence from Cluster Excitons in Small Heterocyclics Free of Aromatic Rings. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004299. [PMID: 33854902 PMCID: PMC8025018 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The study of nonconventional luminescence is important for revealing the luminescence of natural systems and has gradually drawn the attention of researchers in recent years. However, the underlying mechanism is still inexplicable. Herein, the luminescence behavior of two series of simple, heteroatom-containing small molecules without aromatic rings, i.e., maleimide and succinimide derivatives, are studied to gain further mechanistic insight into the nonconventional luminescence process. It has been unveiled that all the molecules exhibit bright and visible luminescence in concentrated solution and solid state and the formation of clusters is the root cause for such behaviors, which can effectively increase the possibility of both the nonradiative n-π* and favorable π-π* transitions and stabilize the excitons formed in the excited state. The distinctive luminescent phenomena and intriguing mechanism presented in this work will be significant for understanding the mechanism of clusteroluminescence and provide new strategies for the rational design of novel luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benzhao He
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering. Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- HKUST‐Shenzhen Research InstituteNo. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi‐tech ParkNanshanShenzhen518057China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering. Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering. Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityXihu DistrictHangzhou310027China
| | - Xiuying Wu
- Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSCUT‐HKUST Joint Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Xu Chen
- Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSCUT‐HKUST Joint Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Konnie H. S. Kei
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering. Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Anjun Qin
- Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSCUT‐HKUST Joint Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering. Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- HKUST‐Shenzhen Research InstituteNo. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi‐tech ParkNanshanShenzhen518057China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering. Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong999077China
- HKUST‐Shenzhen Research InstituteNo. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi‐tech ParkNanshanShenzhen518057China
- Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityXihu DistrictHangzhou310027China
- Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSCUT‐HKUST Joint Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
- AIE InstituteGuangzhou Development DistrictHuangpuGuangzhou510530China
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8
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Lőrinczi B, Csámpai A, Fülöp F, Szatmári I. Synthetic- and DFT modelling studies on regioselective modified Mannich reactions of hydroxy-KYNA derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 11:543-554. [PMID: 35423050 PMCID: PMC8691111 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The syntheses of hydroxy-substituted kynurenic acid (KYNA) derivatives have been achieved by an optimised Conrad–Limpach procedure. The derivatives were then reacted with morpholine and paraformaldehyde, as a representative amine and aldehyde, in a modified Mannich reaction. The newly introduced substituents altered the preferred reaction centre of the KYNA skeleton. A systematic investigation of substitutions was carried out, using different reaction conditions, resulting in mono- or disubstituted derivatives. Product selectivity and regioselectivity were rationalised by DFT calculations disclosing HOMO distribution and NBO charges on the potential nucleophilic centres in the anion of the appropriate KYNA ester assumed to be active components towards the iminium ion intermediate. New side of KYNA in modified Mannich reaction – systematic investigation of the reactivity of hydroxylated derivatives rationalised with comparative DFT calculations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Lőrinczi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Research Group for Stereochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged H-6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary +36-62-341-966.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center H-6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
| | - Antal Csámpai
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE) Pázmány P. sétány 1/A H-1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Research Group for Stereochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged H-6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary +36-62-341-966.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center H-6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Research Group for Stereochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged H-6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary +36-62-341-966.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center H-6720 Szeged Eötvös u. 6 Hungary
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9
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Yu Y, Gong QT, Lu WF, Liu YH, Yang ZJ, Wang N, Yu XQ. Aggregation-Induced Emission Probes for Specific Turn-On Quantification of Bovine Serum Albumin. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:5193-5201. [PMID: 35021694 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescence probes, coined 4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazole derivatives, has been synthesized by Biginelli reactions. Utilizing spectroscopic techniques, their photophysical properties have been comprehensively investigated in working environment both in vitro and in vivo. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to better understand the mechanism of these probes. The interactions between 4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazoles with different substituents and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were analyzed using UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence, and docking analysis. Studies found that 4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazole could bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) through a hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in enhancement of fluorescence emission of probes 1a-6f and fluorescence quenching of BSA. Combined with cell imaging experiments, these provide information on potential effects of benzothiazoles on disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Tian Gong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Fan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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10
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Sathiyaraj M, Pavithra K, Thiagarajan V. Azine based AIEgens with multi-stimuli response towards picric acid. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Selective detection of picric acid using AIEgens via fluorescence enhancement and quenching in the monomer and aggregated from respectively.
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11
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Imoto H, Fujii R, Naka K. Solid-State Emissive Diaminomaleimide Dimers and a Polymer - Syntheses, Structures and Optical Properties. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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12
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Kandel S, Sathish V, Mathivathanan L, Morozov AN, Mebel AM, Raptis RG. Aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of tripodal pyrazole derivatives for sensing of nitroaromatics and vapor phase detection of picric acid. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00166b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Organosoluble tris-pyrazole compounds aggregate in organic/aqueous solvent mixtures, showing aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE), the latter being quenched by picric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhu Kandel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Institute
- Florida International University
- Miami
- USA
| | - Veerasamy Sathish
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Institute
- Florida International University
- Miami
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Logesh Mathivathanan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Institute
- Florida International University
- Miami
- USA
| | - Alexander N. Morozov
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Institute
- Florida International University
- Miami
- USA
| | - Alexander M. Mebel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Institute
- Florida International University
- Miami
- USA
| | - Raphael G. Raptis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Biomolecular Sciences Institute
- Florida International University
- Miami
- USA
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13
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Unravelling the aggregation induced emission enhancement in Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) complex. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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14
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Densil S, Chang CH, Chen CL, Mathavan A, Ramdass A, Sathish V, Thanasekaran P, Li WS, Rajagopal S. Aggregation-induced emission enhancement of anthracene-derived Schiff base compounds and their application as a sensor for bovine serum albumin and optical cell imaging. LUMINESCENCE 2018; 33:780-789. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Densil
- Department of Chemistry; V. O. Chidambaram College; Thoothukudi India
| | | | | | | | - Arumugam Ramdass
- Department of Chemistry, Aditanar College of Arts and Science; Tiruchendur India
| | - Veerasamy Sathish
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology; Sathyamangalam India
| | | | - Wen-Shan Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Seenivasan Rajagopal
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Vivekananda College, Tiruvedagam West - 625 234 Madurai India
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15
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Imoto H, Fujii R, Naka K. 3,4-Diaminomaleimide Dyes - Simple Luminophores with Efficient Orange-Red Emission in the Solid State. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki 606-8585 Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki 606-8585 Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki 606-8585 Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Japan
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16
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Mani G, Kyobum K, Sengottuvelan B. Water Soluble Self-Aggregates Induced Green Emission of Biocompatible Citric Acid-PEG Hyper Branched Polymer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16418. [PMID: 29180794 PMCID: PMC5704015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An aliphatic citric acid-PEG hyper-branched polymer (CPHP) with a π-bond on the polymer backbone was synthesized by a single- step melt reaction in which the polymerization and π-bond formation occur simultaneously. The chemical structure of CPHP was confirmed by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectral analyses. Aggregates are generally found to disperse in any solvent but the CPHP aggregates were soluble in water due to their hybrid nature. The π-bond in the aconitate unit induces green emission by CH/π interaction while the PEG unit of CPHP increases its solubility in water. The soluble aggregates induced green emission (SAIE) of the CPHP was investigated by UV-Visible absorption and emission spectra, time- correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) and zeta potential measurements. The fluorescence life time (τf) increased from 4.93 to11.38 ns with an increase in CPHP concentration. The fluorescence quantum yield (Φf) of CPHP can be altered by varying the concentration of CPHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendiran Mani
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Guindy Campus, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India
- Division of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea
| | - Kim Kyobum
- Division of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Korea.
| | - Balasubramanian Sengottuvelan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Guindy Campus, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India.
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Vels University, Chennai, 600117, India.
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17
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Komiya N, Yoshida A, Zhang D, Inoue R, Kawamorita S, Naota T. Fluorescent Crystals of Zwitterionic Imidazolium Pyridinolates: A Rational Design for Solid-State Emission Based on the Twisting Control of Proemissive N
-Aryl Imidazolium Platforms. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naruyoshi Komiya
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
- Chemistry Laboratory; The Jikei University School of Medicine; Kokuryo 182-8570 Chofu, Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
| | - Soichiro Kawamorita
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; Machikaneyama 560-8531 Toyonaka, Osaka Japan
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18
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Manikandan I, Chang CH, Chen CL, Sathish V, Li WS, Malathi M. Aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characteristics of quinoline based compound - A versatile fluorescent probe for pH, Fe(III) ion, BSA binding and optical cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 182:58-66. [PMID: 28395226 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel benzimidazoquinoline derivative (AVT) was synthesized through a substitution reaction and characterized by various spectral techniques. Analyzing the optical properties of AVT under absorption and emission spectral studies in different environments exclusively with respect to solvents and pH, intriguing characteristics viz. aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in the THF solvent and 'On-Off' pH sensing were found at neutral pH. Sensing nature of AVT with diverse metal ions and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also studied. Among the metal ions, Fe3+ ion alone tunes the fluorescence intensity of AVT probe in aqueous medium from "turn-on" to "turn-off" through ligand (probe) to metal charge transfer (LMCT) mechanism. The probe AVT in aqueous medium interacts strongly with BSA due to Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and the conformational change in BSA was further analyzed using synchronous fluorescence techniques. Docking study of AVT with BSA reveals that the active site of binding is tryptophan residue which is also supported by the experimental results. Interestingly, fluorescent AVT probe in cells was examined through cellular imaging studies using BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, the single molecule probe based detection of multiple species and stimuli were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irulappan Manikandan
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathymangalam 638 401, India
| | | | - Chia-Ling Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Veerasamy Sathish
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathymangalam 638 401, India
| | - Wen-Shan Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Mahalingam Malathi
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathymangalam 638 401, India.
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19
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20
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Srinivasan V, Jhonsi MA, Dhenadhayalan N, Lin KC, Jaccob M, Kathiravan A. AIE Nanodots Obtained from a Pyrene Schiff Base and Their Applications. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry; B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur; Chennai- 600 048 India
| | - Mariadoss Asha Jhonsi
- Department of Chemistry; B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur; Chennai- 600 048 India
| | - Namasivayam Dhenadhayalan
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University and Institute of Atomic and Molecular, Sciences Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - King-Chuen Lin
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University and Institute of Atomic and Molecular, Sciences Academia Sinica; Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Madhavan Jaccob
- Department of Chemistry & Computational Chemistry Laboratory; Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College; Chennai - 600 034, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Arunkumar Kathiravan
- National Centre for Ultrafast Processes; University of Madras, Taramani Campus; Chennai - 600 113, Tamil Nadu India
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21
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Zhu Q, Ye Z, Yang W, Cai X, Tang BZ. One-Pot Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationship of Aminomaleimides: Fluorescence Efficiencies in Monomers and Aggregates Easily Tuned by Switch of Aryl and Alkyl. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1096-1104. [PMID: 28001426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Zhu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziwei Ye
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaotie Cai
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute
of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong
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22
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Mabire AB, Robin MP, Quan WD, Willcock H, Stavros VG, O'Reilly RK. Aminomaleimide fluorophores: a simple functional group with bright, solvent dependent emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:9733-6. [PMID: 25985397 PMCID: PMC4540011 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02908b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amino-substituted maleimides form a new class of highly emissive compounds, with large Stokes shifts (>100 nm) and high quantum yields (up to ∼60%).
Amino-substituted maleimides form a new class of highly emissive compounds, with large Stokes shifts (>100 nm) and high quantum yields (up to ∼60%). Emission is responsive to the maleimide's environment with both a red-shift, and quenching, observed in protic polar solvents. Aminomaleimides are easily functionalised, providing a versatile fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Mabire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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23
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Mei J, Leung NLC, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Emission: Together We Shine, United We Soar! Chem Rev 2015; 115:11718-940. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5139] [Impact Index Per Article: 571.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Mei
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech
Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry,
HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nelson L. C. Leung
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech
Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry,
HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan T. K. Kwok
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech
Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry,
HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech
Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry,
HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech
Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry,
HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular
Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong
Innovative Research Team, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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24
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Sathish V, Ramdass A, Thanasekaran P, Lu KL, Rajagopal S. Aggregation-induced phosphorescence enhancement (AIPE) based on transition metal complexes—An overview. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Belei D, Dumea C, Bicu E, Marin L. Phenothiazine and pyridine-N-oxide-based AIE-active triazoles: synthesis, morphology and photophysical properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13383h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIE triazoles based on phenothiazine and pyridine-N-oxide units provided micro- and nano-crystals with an emission enhancement of 233-fold higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Belei
- “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Carmen Dumea
- “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Elena Bicu
- “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Luminita Marin
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy
- Iasi
- Romania
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26
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Facile construction of N-alkyl arylaminomaleimide derivatives as intensively emissive aggregation induced emission dyes. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Mathew MS, Sreenivasan K, Joseph K. Hydrogen-bond assisted, aggregation-induced emission of digitonin. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16379j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Weakly luminescent glycoside digitonin luminesces strongly after treatment with strong base. This is attributed to the hydrogen bonding interaction between deprotonated digitonin molecules, which lead to restricted rotation around the single bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meegle S. Mathew
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram 695547
- India
| | - K. Sreenivasan
- Laboratory for Polymer Analysis
- Biomedical Technology Wing
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram 695012
- India
| | - Kuruvilla Joseph
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram 695547
- India
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28
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Mei J, Hong Y, Lam JWY, Qin A, Tang Y, Tang BZ. Aggregation-induced emission: the whole is more brilliant than the parts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5429-79. [PMID: 24975272 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201401356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1833] [Impact Index Per Article: 183.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
"United we stand, divided we fall."--Aesop. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) refers to a photophysical phenomenon shown by a group of luminogenic materials that are non-emissive when they are dissolved in good solvents as molecules but become highly luminescent when they are clustered in poor solvents or solid state as aggregates. In this Review we summarize the recent progresses made in the area of AIE research. We conduct mechanistic analyses of the AIE processes, unify the restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM) as the main cause for the AIE effects, and derive RIM-based molecular engineering strategies for the design of new AIE luminogens (AIEgens). Typical examples of the newly developed AIEgens and their high-tech applications as optoelectronic materials, chemical sensors and biomedical probes are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Mei
- Department of Chemistry, HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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