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Vieira MF, Bovolato ALDC, da Fonseca BG, Izumi CMS, Brolo AG. A Direct Immunoassay Based on Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopy Using AuNP/PS-b-P2VP Nanocomposites. SENSORS 2023; 23:4810. [PMCID: PMC10224472 DOI: 10.3390/s23104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
A biosensor was developed for directly detecting human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) based on stable and reproducible gold nanoparticles/polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (AuNP/PS-b-P2VP) nanocomposites. The substrates were functionalized with carboxylic acid groups for the covalent binding of anti-IgG and anti-ATP and the detection of IgG and ATP (1 to 150 μg/mL). SEM images of the nanocomposite show 17 ± 2 nm AuNP clusters adsorbed over a continuous porous PS-b-P2VP thin film. UV–VIS and SERS were used to characterize each step of the substrate functionalization and the specific interaction between anti-IgG and the targeted IgG analyte. The UV–VIS results show a redshift of the LSPR band as the AuNP surface was functionalized and SERS measurements showed consistent changes in the spectral features. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to discriminate between samples before and after the affinity tests. Moreover, the designed biosensor proved to be sensitive to different concentrations of IgG with a limit-of-detection (LOD) down to 1 μg/mL. Moreover, the selectivity to IgG was confirmed using standard solutions of IgM as a control. Finally, ATP direct immunoassay (LOD = 1 μg/mL) has demonstrated that this nanocomposite platform can be used to detect different types of biomolecules after proper functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyra F. Vieira
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário s/n, CEP, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Lívia de Carvalho Bovolato
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Bruno G. da Fonseca
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Celly M. S. Izumi
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário s/n, CEP, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
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2
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Maguire SM, Bilchak CR, Corsi JS, Welborn SS, Tsaggaris T, Ford J, Detsi E, Fakhraai Z, Composto RJ. Effect of Nanoscale Confinement on Polymer-Infiltrated Scaffold Metal Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44893-44903. [PMID: 34494810 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most research on polymer composites has focused on adding discrete inorganic nanofillers to a polymer matrix to impart properties not found in polymers alone. However, properties such as ion conductivity and mechanical reinforcement would be greatly improved if the composite exhibited an interconnected network of inorganic and polymer phases. Here, we fabricate bicontinuous polymer-infiltrated scaffold metal (PrISM) composites by infiltrating polymer into nanoporous gold (NPG) films. Polystyrene (PS) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) films are infiltrated into the ∼43 nm diameter NPG pores via capillary forces during thermal annealing above the polymer glass transition temperature (Tg). The infiltration process is characterized in situ using spectroscopic ellipsometry. PS and P2VP, which have different affinities for the metal scaffold, exhibit slower segmental dynamics compared to their bulk counterparts when confined within the nanopores, as measured through Tg. The more attractive P2VP shows a 20 °C increase in Tg relative to its bulk, while PS only shows a 6 °C increase at a comparable molecular weight. The infiltrated polymer, in turn, stabilizes the gold nanopores against temporal coarsening. The broad tunability of these polymer/metal hybrids represents a unique template for designing functional network composite structures with applications ranging from flexible electronics to fuel cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Maguire
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Connor R Bilchak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - John S Corsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Samuel S Welborn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Theresa Tsaggaris
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jamie Ford
- Nanoscale Characterization Facility, Singh Center for Nanotechnology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Eric Detsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Russell J Composto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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3
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Jenczyk J, Woźniak-Budych M, Jancelewicz M, Jarek M, Jurga S. Structural and dynamic study of block copolymer – Nanoparticles nanocomposites. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Zhu H, Lussier F, Ducrot C, Bourque MJ, Spatz JP, Cui W, Yu L, Peng W, Trudeau LÉ, Bazuin CG, Masson JF. Block Copolymer Brush Layer-Templated Gold Nanoparticles on Nanofibers for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Optophysiology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:4373-4384. [PMID: 30615826 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A nanothin block copolymer (BCP) brush-layer film adsorbed on glass nanofibers is shown to address the long-standing challenge of forming a template for the deposition of dense and well-dispersed nanoparticles on highly curved surfaces, allowing the development of an improved nanosensor for neurotransmitters. We employed a polystyrene- block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) BCP and plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of 52 nm in diameter for the fabrication of the nanosensor on pulled fibers with diameters down to 200 nm. The method is simple, using only solution processes and a plasma cleaning step. The templating of the AuNPs on the nanofiber surprisingly gave rise to more than 1 order of magnitude improvement in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance for 4-mercaptobenzoic acid compared to the same AuNPs aggregated on identical fibers without the use of a template. We hypothesize that a wavelength-scale lens formed by the nanofiber contributes to enhancing the SERS performance to the extent that it can melt the glass nanofiber under moderate laser power. We then show the capability of this nanosensor to detect the corelease of the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate from living mouse brain dopaminergic neurons with a sensitivity 1 order of magnitude greater than with aggregated AuNPs. The simplicity of fabrication and the far superior performance of the BCP-templated nanofiber demonstrates the potential of this method to efficiently pattern nanoparticles on highly curved surfaces and its application as molecular nanosensors for cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joachim P Spatz
- Department of Cellular Biophysics , Max Planck Institute for Medical Research , Jahnstrasse 29 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , INF 253 , D-69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Wenli Cui
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
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5
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Chatterjee S, Maitra U. In situ formation of luminescent CdSe QDs in a metallohydrogel: a strategy towards synthesis, isolation, storage and re-dispersion of the QDs. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:13820-13827. [PMID: 28891578 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03758a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A one step, in situ, room temperature synthesis of yellow luminescent CdSe QDs was achieved in a metallohydrogel derived from a facially amphiphilic bile salt, resulting in a QD-gel hybrid. An ordered self-assembly and homogeneous distribution of the CdSe QDs in the hydrogel network was observed from optical and electron micrographs. The different excited state behavior of the CdSe QDs in the hybrid was revealed for the first time using time resolved spectroscopy. We also describe the successful isolation of the photoluminescent CdSe QDs from the gel followed by their re-dispersion in an organic solvent using suitable capping ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Chatterjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 Karnataka, India.
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6
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Oded M, Kelly ST, Gilles MK, Müller AH, Shenhar R. From dots to doughnuts: Two-dimensionally confined deposition of polyelectrolytes on block copolymer templates. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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7
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Michman E, Shenhar R. Directed self-assembly of block copolymer-based nanocomposites in thin films. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Michman
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - R. Shenhar
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
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8
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Liu Z, Bai L, Zhao G, Liu Y. Sandwich-like layer-by-layer assembly of gold nanoparticles with tunable SERS properties. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:1028-32. [PMID: 27547620 PMCID: PMC4979642 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sandwich-like layer-by-layer thin films consisting of polyelectrolytes and gold nanoparticles were utilized to construct surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with tunable SERS properties. It is found that both the size of the nanoparticles in the layers and the interlayer distance significantly influence the SERS performance of the multilayered thin film. These simple, low-cost, easily processable and controllable SERS substrates have a promising future in the field of molecular sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Lu Bai
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Guizhe Zhao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Functional Nanocomposites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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9
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Onses MS, Wan L, Liu X, Kiremitler NB, Yılmaz H, Nealey PF. Self-Assembled Nanoparticle Arrays on Chemical Nanopatterns Prepared Using Block Copolymer Lithography. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1356-1361. [PMID: 35614782 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a high-throughput and inexpensive fabrication approach that uses self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) films as templates to generate dense nanoscale chemical patterns of polymer brushes for the selective immobilization of Au nanoparticles (NPs). A cross-linked random copolymer mat that contains styrene and methyl methacrylate units serves both as a base layer for perpendicular assembly of nanoscale domains of poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) films and as a nonadsorbing background layer that surrounds the chemical patterns. The selective removal of the PMMA block and the underlying mat via oxygen plasma etching generates binding sites which are then functionalized with poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) brushes. Au NPs with a diameter of 13 nm selectively immobilize on the patterned P2VP brushes. An essential aspect in fabricating high quality chemical patterns is the superior behavior of methyl methacrylate containing cross-linked mats in retaining their chemistry during the grafting of P2VP brushes. The use of BCPs with different molecular weights and volume fractions allows for preparation of chemical patterns with different geometries, sizes, and pitches for generating arrays of single particles that hold great promise for applications that range from molecular sensing to optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Serdar Onses
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanotechnology Research Center (ERNAM) Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
| | - Lei Wan
- HGST, a Western
Digital Company, San Jose Research
Center 3403 Yerba Buena Road, San Jose, California 95135, United States
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - N. Burak Kiremitler
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanotechnology Research Center (ERNAM) Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yılmaz
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanotechnology Research Center (ERNAM) Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Argonne National
Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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10
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Liu Z, Chang T, Huang H, He T. Engineering Hybrid Metallic Nanostructures Using a Single Domain of Block Copolymer Templates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25938-45. [PMID: 26517409 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Building complex nanostructures using a simple patterned template is challenging in material science and nanotechnology. In the present work, three different strategies have been exploited for the successful fabrication of hybrid dots-on-wire metallic nanostructures through combining an in-situ method with an ex-situ method. Basically, plasma etching was applied to generate a metallic wire-like nanostructure, and preformed nanoparticles could be placed through multiple means before or after the formation of the wire-like nanostructure. Various monometallic and bimetallic nanostructures have been obtained by utilizing only one functional domain of block copolymer templates. In these cases, full utilization of the functional domain or introduction of the molecular linker is critical to engineering hybrid metallic nanostructures. Other complex and multifunctional hybrid nanostructures can be developed via these strategies similarly, and these nanostructures are promising for useful applications such as optics and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongxin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
| | - Tianbai He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, China
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11
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Nie X, Jiang W. Luminous block copolymer–quantum dots hybrids formed by cooperative assembly in a selective solvent. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02175d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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