1
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Wang J, Mccreanney A, Taylor-Young A, Fenton HAM, Miah R, Johnson RA, Clarke J, Hopkins A, Jones R, Waddington W, Fussell SJ, Badland M, Pibworth B, Walton R. Development of a selective and scalable N1-indazole alkylation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6367-6373. [PMID: 38380233 PMCID: PMC10877319 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00598h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
N1-Alkyl indazoles are a ubiquitous and privileged motif within medicinal chemistry, yet methods to selectively furnish N1-alkyl indazoles with simple alkyl side chains remain sparse. Herein, negative data from high-throughput experimentation (HTE) enabled a confident pivot of resource from continued optimisation to the development of an alternative reaction. This workflow culminated in a methodology for the synthesis of N1-alkyl indazoles. The procedure is highly selective for N1-alkylation, practical, and broad in scope, with no N2-alkyl products detected at completion. Mechanistic understandings were consistent with attributing the high selectivity to thermodynamic control. Additional data-driven process development led to this reaction being safely demonstrated on a 100 g scale, with potential for further scale up. This study highlights pragmatic principles followed to develop a necessitated methodology, suitable for large scale manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Wang
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
| | | | | | | | - Rayyan Miah
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
| | | | - James Clarke
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
| | - Adam Hopkins
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
| | - Ricky Jones
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
| | | | | | - Matthew Badland
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
| | | | - Robert Walton
- Pfizer R&D UK Limited Ramsgate Road Sandwich Kent CT13 9NJ UK
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2
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Wang J, Shao B, Ge H, Li Y, Qi H, Xiao L. Visible-Light-Induced Regioselective Radical Oxo-Amination of Alkenes with O 2 as the Oxygen Source. Org Lett 2023; 25:5333-5338. [PMID: 37439641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and novel visible-light-induced oxo-amination of terminal alkenes for the construction of α-amino ketones with easily accessible and green O2 as the oxygen source has been developed. The transformation possesses the advantages of operational simplicity, a broad substrate scope, high atom economy, and mild reaction conditions. The mechanistic studies reveal that an energy transfer process probably occurs in the initial stage, and the reaction proceeds via β-scission of the alkoxyl radical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313002, P. R. China
| | - Baoer Shao
- YuYao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, YuYao, Zhejiang 315400, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Ge
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313002, P. R. China
| | - Yongjin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313002, P. R. China
| | - Huan Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313002, P. R. China
| | - Li Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313002, P. R. China
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3
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Higuchi K, Yamamoto K, Nakamura S, Naruse H, Ito M, Sugiyama S. Preparation of Alkyl Di( p-tolyl)sulfonium Salts and Their Application in Metal-Free C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) and C(sp 3)-C(sp 2) Bond Formations. Org Lett 2023; 25:3766-3771. [PMID: 37167562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Alkyldiarylsulfonium salts were synthesized by a combination of active sulfonium species, prepared through the activation of diarylsulfoxide, and alkyl nucleophiles. The isolated sulfonium salts were subjected to the allylation and cyclopropanation of the active methylene compounds and metal-free C(sp3)-C(sp2) couplings via oxyallyl cation intermediates under mild conditions. The series of reactions included an umpolung strategy for the coupling of alkyl nucleophiles and metal-free C-C bond formation using sulfonium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Higuchi
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kai Yamamoto
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nakamura
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Haruka Naruse
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Motoki Ito
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Shigeo Sugiyama
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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4
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Ruan LX, Sun B, Liu JM, Shi SL. Dynamic kinetic asymmetric arylation and alkenylation of ketones. Science 2023; 379:662-670. [PMID: 36795811 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade0760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of enantioenriched alcohols in medicinal chemistry, total synthesis, and materials science, the efficient and selective construction of enantioenriched tertiary alcohols bearing two contiguous stereocenters has remained a substantial challenge. We report a platform for their preparation through the enantioconvergent, nickel-catalyzed addition of organoboronates to racemic, nonactivated ketones. We prepared several important classes of α,β-chiral tertiary alcohols in a single step with high levels of diastereo- and enantioselectivity through a dynamic kinetic asymmetric addition of aryl and alkenyl nucleophiles. We applied this protocol to modify several profen drugs and to rapidly synthesize biologically relevant molecules. We expect this nickel-catalyzed, base-free ketone racemization process to be a widely applicable strategy for the development of dynamic kinetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Xin Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Liang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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5
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Xie JM, Zhu YL, Fu YM, Zhu CF, Cheng LJ, You YE, Wu X, Li YG. Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of 2-Alkynyl Aryl Azides with Enecarbamates for Direct Synthesis of α-(3-Indolyl)ketones. Org Lett 2023; 25:421-425. [PMID: 36622839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
α-(3-Indolyl)ketones are essential building blocks for the generation of biologically active molecules. We described a new method for the direct assembly of α-(3-indolyl)ketones through the cascade reaction of 2-alkynyl aryl azides with enecarbamates, in which the in situ generated α-imino gold carbene intermediate was trapped by enecarbamate to achieve umpolung reactivity of indole at the 3-position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ming Xie
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Yan-Ming Fu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Lan-Jun Cheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Yang-En You
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - You-Gui Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
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6
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Yan P, Zhang J, Lu L, Fang H, Lu P. Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal Angular Quaternary Stereocenters Enabled by Strained Cyclobutenones. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Licheng Lu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayi Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Lu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Matcha K, Chernichenko K, Jouvin K, Guduguntla SB, Tran DN, Bell S, Paden W, Figlus M, Muir C, Elliott A, Diaz CH. Heck Reaction of 2-Oxyacrylates with Aryl Bromides: A Common Route to Monoaryl Pyruvates and Ortho Ester-Protected Monoaryl Pyruvates. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10736-10746. [PMID: 35921209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction between 2-oxyacrylates and aryl bromides was developed, where DavePhos was a unique ligand that efficiently promoted the reaction. The products, 2-oxycinnamates, served as excellent precursors, providing synthetically useful monoaryl pyruvates or ortho ester-protected monoaryl pyruvates depending on the nature of the 2-oxy group. The formation of such ortho esters via alkoxide addition is novel, and computational studies identified a plausible mechanism with an oxyallyl zwitterion as the key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Matcha
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Konstantin Chernichenko
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Kévin Jouvin
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Suresh Babu Guduguntla
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Duc N Tran
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Stephen Bell
- Almac House, Almac Sciences, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT65 5QD, United Kingdom
| | - Warren Paden
- Almac House, Almac Sciences, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT65 5QD, United Kingdom
| | - Marek Figlus
- Almac House, Almac Sciences, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT65 5QD, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Muir
- Almac House, Almac Sciences, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT65 5QD, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Elliott
- Almac House, Almac Sciences, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT65 5QD, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Hernandez Diaz
- Almac House, Almac Sciences, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT65 5QD, United Kingdom
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8
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Wang W, Yang X, Dai R, Yan Z, Wei J, Dou X, Qiu X, Zhang H, Wang C, Liu Y, Song S, Jiao N. Catalytic Electrophilic Halogenation of Arenes with Electron-Withdrawing Substituents. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13415-13425. [PMID: 35839515 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The electrophilic halogenation of arenes is perhaps the simplest method to prepare aryl halides, which are important structural motifs in agrochemicals, materials, and pharmaceuticals. However, the nucleophilicity of arenes is weakened by the electron-withdrawing substituents, whose electrophilic halogenation reactions usually require harsh conditions and lead to limited substrate scopes and applications. Therefore, the halogenation of arenes containing electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) and complex bioactive compounds under mild conditions has been a long-standing challenge. Herein, we describe Brønsted acid-catalyzed halogenation of arenes with electron-withdrawing substituents under mild conditions, providing an efficient protocol for aryl halides. The hydrogen bonding of Brønsted acid with the protic solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) enables this transformation and thus solves this long-standing problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rongheng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zixi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yameng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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9
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Abstract
Synthesis of a potent inhibitor of bacterial protein synthesis, pleuromutilin, is described. Assembly of the critical cyclooctane fragment relies on an oxidative ring-expansion, and complete stereochemical relay in the synthetic sequence is enabled by the judicious choice of tactics. The requisite connectivity pattern of the perhydroindanone motif is rapidly established in a sequence of cycloaddition and radical cyclization events. Application of this strategy allows for preparation of the target natural product in 16 steps from commercially available material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Foy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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10
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11
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Liu Y, Peng X, She R, Zhou X, Peng Y. Catalytic Asymmetric (3 + 3) Cycloaddition of Oxyallyl Zwitterions with α-Diazomethylphosphonates. Org Lett 2021; 23:7295-7300. [PMID: 34494440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The unique structure of oxyallyls represents a significant challenge for their catalytic asymmetric applications. Herein, an unprecedented chiral imidodiphosphoric acid-catalytic enantioselective (3 + 3) cycloaddition between oxyallyl zwitterions generated in situ from α-haloketones and α-diazomethylphosphonates was developed. Pharmaceutically interesting chiral pyridazine-4(1H)-ones were obtained in up to 98% yields with excellent stereoselectivities (up to 99% ee, > 99:1 dr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui She
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yungui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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12
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Bhattacharya A, mani Shukla P, Maji B. “Haliranium Ion”‐Induced Intermolecular Friedel‐Crafts Alkylation in HFIP: Synthesis of β,β‐Diaryl α‐Halo carbonyl Compounds. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Anuppur-484886 India
| | - Pushpendra mani Shukla
- Department of Chemistry Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Anuppur-484886 India
| | - Biswajit Maji
- Department of Chemistry Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Anuppur-484886 India
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13
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Zhao H, Hu B, Xu L, Walsh PJ. Palladium-catalyzed benzylic C(sp 3)-H carbonylative arylation of azaarylmethyl amines with aryl bromides. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10862-10870. [PMID: 34476065 PMCID: PMC8372623 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly selective palladium-catalyzed carbonylative arylation of weakly acidic benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds of azaarylmethylamines with aryl bromides under 1 atm of CO gas has been achieved. This work represents the first examples of use of such weakly acidic pronucleophiles in this class of transformations. In the presence of a NIXANTPHOS-based palladium catalyst, this one-pot cascade process allows a range of azaarylmethylamines containing pyridyl, quinolinyl and pyrimidyl moieties and acyclic and cyclic amines to undergo efficient reactions with aryl bromides and CO to provide α-amino aryl-azaarylmethyl ketones in moderate to high yields with a broad substrate scope and good tolerance of functional groups. This reaction proceeds via in situ reversible deprotonation of the benzylic C-H bonds to give the active carbanions, thereby avoiding prefunctionalized organometallic reagents and generation of additional waste. Importantly, the operational simplicity, scalability and diversity of the products highlight the potential applicability of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Zhao
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
| | - Lijin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6323 USA
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14
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Xie YY, Wang YP, Zhao XJ, Wang AF, Chen ZM, Tu YQ. Oxyallyl cation promoted dearomative semipinacol rearrangement: a facile stereodivergent synthesis of spiro-indolines with contiguous quaternary centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6632-6635. [PMID: 34124740 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel oxyallyl cation promoted semipinacol rearrangement of indole-type allylic alcohols was disclosed for the stereodivergent synthesis of spiro-indolines. A variety of spiro-indolines were obtained with moderate to good yields. Three contiguous stereocenters, two of which are vicinal quaternary centers, were effectively formed with good diastereoselectivity. It is worth noting that two diastereoisomers of rearranged products can be readily achieved by easily regulating the reaction conditions. This method may provide an applicable approach for the synthesis of natural indole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Ai-Fang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Min Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
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15
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Martins B, Kaiser D, Bauer A, Tiefenbrunner I, Maulide N. Formal Enone α-Arylation via I(III)-Mediated Aryl Migration/Elimination. Org Lett 2021; 23:2094-2098. [PMID: 33635665 PMCID: PMC7985840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A formal enone α-arylation is described. This metal-free transformation relies on the I(III)-mediated skeletal reorganization of silyl enol ethers and features mild conditions, good yields, and high stereoselectivities for β-substituted enones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriano Bauer
- University of Vienna, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irmgard Tiefenbrunner
- University of Vienna, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- University of Vienna, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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16
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Allen LAT, Raclea RC, Natho P, Parsons PJ. Recent advances in the synthesis of α-amino ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:498-513. [PMID: 33325975 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02098b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the importance of the amino ketone motif in synthetic and medicinal chemistry, the number of protocols developed in recent years has considerably increased. This review serves to collate and critically evaluate novel methodologies published since 2011 towards this high value synthon. The chapters are divided by the requisite functionality in the starting material, and an emphasis is placed on discussing functional group compatibility and resultant product substitution patterns. Throughout, applications to medicinal targets are highlighted and mechanistic details are presented, and we further provide a short outlook for future development and emerging potential within this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis A T Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, W12 0BZ, London, UK.
| | - Robert-Cristian Raclea
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77, Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - Philipp Natho
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, W12 0BZ, London, UK.
| | - Philip J Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, W12 0BZ, London, UK.
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17
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Mochimatsu T, Aota Y, Kano T, Maruoka K. CuCl
2
‐Mediated Oxidative Intramolecular α‐Arylation of Ketones with Phenolic Nucleophiles via Oxy‐Allyl Cation Intermediates. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3816-3819. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Mochimatsu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Yusuke Aota
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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18
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Mathi GR, Kweon B, Moon Y, Jeong Y, Hong S. Regioselective C−H Functionalization of Heteroarene
N
‐Oxides Enabled by a Traceless Nucleophile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangadhar Rao Mathi
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Byeongseok Kweon
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Yonghoon Moon
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Yujin Jeong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
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19
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Mathi GR, Kweon B, Moon Y, Jeong Y, Hong S. Regioselective C-H Functionalization of Heteroarene N-Oxides Enabled by a Traceless Nucleophile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22675-22683. [PMID: 32888227 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Although N-alkenoxyheteroarenium salts have been widely used as umpoled synthons with nucleophilic (hetero)arenes, the use of electron-poor heteroarenes has remained unexplored. To overcome the inherent electron deficiency of quinolinium salts, a traceless nucleophile-triggered strategy was designed, wherein the quinolinium segment is converted into a dearomatized intermediate, thereby allowing simultaneous C8-functionalization of quinolines at room temperature. Experimental and computational studies support the traceless operation of a nucleophile, which enables the previously inaccessible transformation of N-alkenoxyheteroarenium salts. Remarkably, the generality of this strategy has been further demonstrated by broad applications in the regioselective C-H functionalization of other electron-deficient heteroarenes such as phenanthridine, isoquinoline, and pyridine N-oxides, offering a practical tool for the late-stage functionalization of complex biorelevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangadhar Rao Mathi
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Byeongseok Kweon
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yonghoon Moon
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yujin Jeong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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20
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Declas N, Waser J. Access to Vinyl Ethers and Ketones with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents as Oxy‐Allyl Cation Synthetic Equivalents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Declas
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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21
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Declas N, Waser J. Access to Vinyl Ethers and Ketones with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents as Oxy-Allyl Cation Synthetic Equivalents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18256-18260. [PMID: 32542955 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report an Umpolung strategy of enol ethers to generate oxy-allyl cation equivalents based on the use of hypervalent iodine reagents. Under mild basic conditions, the addition of nucleophiles to aryloxy-substituted vinylbenziodoxolone (VBX) reagents, easily available in two steps from silyl alkynes, resulted in the stereoselective formation of substituted aryl enol ethers. The reaction was most efficient with phenols as nucleophiles, but preliminary results were also achieved for C- and N- nucleophiles. In absence of external nucleophiles, the 2-iodobenzoate group of the reagent was transferred. The obtained aryl enol ethers could then be transformed into α-difunctionalized ketones by oxidation. The described "allyl cation"-like reactivity contrast with the well-established "vinyl-cation" behavior of alkenyl iodonium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Declas
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Im H, Choi W, Hong S. Photocatalytic Vicinal Aminopyridylation of Methyl Ketones by a Double Umpolung Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17511-17516. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Honggu Im
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Choi
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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23
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Im H, Choi W, Hong S. Photocatalytic Vicinal Aminopyridylation of Methyl Ketones by a Double Umpolung Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Honggu Im
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Choi
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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24
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Strehl J, Hilt G. Electrochemical, Iodine-Mediated α-CH Amination of Ketones by Umpolung of Silyl Enol Ethers. Org Lett 2020; 22:5968-5972. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Strehl
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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25
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Aota Y, Doko Y, Kano T, Maruoka K. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular α-Arylation of Ketones with Phenolic Nucleophiles via Oxy-Allyl Cation Intermediates. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Aota
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Yuki Doko
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Sakyo 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry; Guangdong University of Technology; 510006 Guangzhou China
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26
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Pirovano V, Brambilla E, Moretti A, Rizzato S, Abbiati G, Nava D, Rossi E. Synthesis of Cyclohepta[ b]indoles by (4 + 3) Cycloaddition of 2-Vinylindoles or 4 H-Furo[3,2- b]indoles with Oxyallyl Cations. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3265-3276. [PMID: 31975604 PMCID: PMC7997566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The synthesis of cyclohepta[b]indole derivatives
through the dearomative (4 + 3) cycloaddition reaction of 2-vinylindoles
or 4H-furo[3,2-b]indoles with in
situ generated oxyallyl cations is reported. Oxyallyl cations are
generated from α-bromoketones in the presence of a base and
a perfluorinated solvent. Cyclohepta[b]indole scaffolds
are obtained under mild reaction conditions, in the absence of expensive
catalysts, starting from simple reagents, in good to excellent yields
and with complete diasteroselectivity. Preliminary expansion of the
scope to 3-vinylindoles and to aza-oxyallyl cations is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pirovano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Brambilla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Moretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Rizzato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Nava
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche-Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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27
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Rao Kovvuri VR, Xue H, Romo D. Generation and Reactivity of 2-Amido-1,3-diaminoallyl Cations: Cyclic Guanidine Annulations via Net (3 + 2) and (4 + 3) Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2020; 22:1407-1413. [PMID: 32009413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Toward a method for direct conversion of alkenes to cyclic guanidines, we report that 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of 2-amido-1,3-diamino allylic cations with alkenes provide a new method for direct cyclic guanidine annulation. Generated under oxidative conditions, the 2-amido-1,3-diaminoallyl cations react as 1,3-dipoles providing rapid access to 2-amino imidazolines through net (3 + 2) cycloadditions. The utility is demonstrated through a concise synthesis of the oroidin alkaloid, phakellin. The described 1,3-dipole also participates in net (4 + 3) cycloadditions with dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Raghavendra Rao Kovvuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97348 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Haoran Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97348 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97348 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
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28
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Kwon Y, Choi S, Jang HS, Kim SG. Rapid Access to Hindered α-Amino Acid Derivatives and Benzodiazepin-3-ones from Aza-Oxyallyl Cations. Org Lett 2020; 22:1420-1425. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- YongIl Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sun Jang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
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29
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Abe T, Hirao S, Yamashiro T. A metal-, oxidant-, and fluorous solvent-free synthesis of α-indolylketones enabled by an umpolung strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10183-10186. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04795c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We have developed the first transition metal-, oxidant-, and fluorous solvent-free α-indolization of ketones using ammonium salts and enamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Abe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Japan
| | - Seiya Hirao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamashiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Japan
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30
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Singh H, Tiwari R, Sharma P, Kumar P, Jain N. Zinc triflate catalyzed 1,3-indolylation of cyclohexanones: tandem condensation, dehydrogenation and aromatization sequence. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2492-2500. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00163e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Bis(1-alkyl-1H-indol-3-yl)benzene derivatives have been synthesized through a Zn(OTf)2 catalyzed reaction between cyclohexanones and indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Rajat Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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31
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Bisag GD, Ruggieri S, Fochi M, Bernardi L. Sulfoxonium ylides: simple compounds with chameleonic reactivity. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8793-8809. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01822h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxonium ylides, manageable compounds with an appealing safety profile, adapt to reaction partners like chameleons to their environment, resulting in a variety of useful, and sometimes surprising and unique, reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgiana Denisa Bisag
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Silvia Ruggieri
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Fochi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Luca Bernardi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
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32
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Huang WH, Huang GB, Zhu WR, Weng J, Lu G. Transition metal-free synthesis of α-aryl ketones via oxyallyl cation capture with arylboronic acids. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00447b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
α-Arylated ketones were accessed via oxyallyl cation capture with arylboronic acids in good yields with broad substrate tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Gong-Bin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Run Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Jiang Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Gui Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
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33
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Badmus FO, Malone JA, Fronczek FR, Kartika R. Synthesis of functionalized tetrahydropyrans via cascade cycloaddition involving silyloxyallyl cation intermediates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5034-5037. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01796e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An expedient synthesis of highly substituted tetrahydrobenzofuran via an unsymmetrical silyloxyallyl cation is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
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34
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Lu H, Zhu G, Tang T, Ma Z, Chen Q, Chen Z. Anticancer Molecule Discovery via C2-Substituent Promoted Oxidative Coupling of Indole and Enolate. iScience 2019; 22:214-228. [PMID: 31786518 PMCID: PMC6909134 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
C2, C3-disubstituted indole is one of the most frequently encountered motifs in bioactive alkaloids and medicinal chemistry. Thus, developing novel, concise, and efficient access to it is highly desired in drug discovery. Herein, we present such an approach to this scaffold by direct oxidative coupling of C2-substituted indoles and enolates. Compared with indole bearing no C2-substituent, higher yields (up to 96%) were obtained for C2-substituted indoles in most cases. Mechanistic studies showed the reaction went through a Fe-chelated radical-anion oxidative coupling procedure promoted by C2-substituent on indole by two means: (1) stabilizing C2-radical intermediate during the reaction; (2) reducing indole homocoupling. This approach serves as a synthetic useful tool to quickly build up bioactive small molecule library of C2, C3-disubstituted indoles, and several products showed promising anticancer activities. Besides, indomethacin and its analogs were conveniently prepared in three-step sequence efficiently, indicating the potential application of our approach in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guirong Zhu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tiange Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Zhilong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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35
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Vulovic B, Trmcic M, Matovic R, Saicic RN. Cyclization Reactions of Oxyallyl Cation. A Method for Cyclopentane Ring Formation. Org Lett 2019; 21:9618-9621. [PMID: 31769692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Unsaturated oxyallyl cations with a suitably positioned alkene bond undergo 5-exo-cyclization with the formation of vinylcyclopentane derivatives. Alkyne analogues provide allenes. The reaction proceeds with a moderate to excellent level of stereoselectivity and allows for asymmetric induction in the reaction with chiral substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Vulovic
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Belgrade , Studentski trg 16 , P.O. Box 51, 11158 Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Milena Trmcic
- Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Chemistry , University of Belgrade , 11158 Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Radomir Matovic
- ICTM Center for Chemistry , Njegoseva 12 , 11158 Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Radomir N Saicic
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Belgrade , Studentski trg 16 , P.O. Box 51, 11158 Belgrade , Serbia.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts , Knez Mihailova 35 , 11158 Belgrade , Serbia
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36
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Kundu S, Banerjee A, Maji MS. Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Tandem Pinacol-Type Rearrangement for the Synthesis of α-(3-Indolyl) Ketones by Using α-Hydroxy Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16003-16012. [PMID: 31747752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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37
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Clare D, Dobson BC, Inglesby PA, Aïssa C. Chemospecific Cyclizations of α-Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides on Aryls and Heteroaryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16198-16202. [PMID: 31507055 PMCID: PMC6856693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of aryl and heteroaryls using α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides without the help of a directing group has remained so far a neglected area, despite the advantageous safety profile of sulfoxonium ylides. Described herein are the cyclizations of α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides onto benzenes, benzofurans and N-p-toluenesulfonyl indoles in the presence of a base in HFIP, whereas pyrroles and N-methyl indoles undergo cyclization in the presence of an iridium catalyst. Significantly, these two sets of conditions are chemospecific for each groups of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clare
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Benjamin C. Dobson
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield CampusCheshireSK10 2NAUK
| | - Phillip A. Inglesby
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield CampusCheshireSK10 2NAUK
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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38
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Nguyen TN, Setthakarn K, May JA. Oxyallyl Cation Capture via Electrophilic Deborylation of Organoboronates: Access to α, α'-Substituted Cyclic Ketones. Org Lett 2019; 21:7837-7840. [PMID: 31536365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An umpolung strategy to synthesize α,α'-substituted cyclic ketones through the nucleophilic addition of organoboronates to α-hydroxyl silyl enol ethers is described. The reaction proceeds via the trapping of in situ generated oxyallyl cations via the electrophilic deborylation of C(sp2) and C(sp) borates. This efficient and straightforward method provides direct access to α-substituted silyl enol ethers in high yield with complete regioselectivity. Desilylation in a one-pot procedure provides the corresponding α,α'-disubstituted ketones with high diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong N Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Fleming Building Room 112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Krit Setthakarn
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Fleming Building Room 112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Jeremy A May
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Fleming Building Room 112 , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
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39
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Clare D, Dobson BC, Inglesby PA, Aïssa C. Chemospecific Cyclizations of α‐Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides on Aryls and Heteroaryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clare
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Benjamin C. Dobson
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield Campus Cheshire SK10 2NA UK
| | - Phillip A. Inglesby
- Pharmaceutical Technology and DevelopmentAstraZeneca Macclesfield Campus Cheshire SK10 2NA UK
| | - Christophe Aïssa
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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40
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Zhang W, Chu J, Cyr AM, Yueh H, Brown LE, Wang TT, Pelletier J, Porco JA. Intercepted Retro-Nazarov Reaction: Syntheses of Amidino-Rocaglate Derivatives and Their Biological Evaluation as eIF4A Inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12891-12900. [PMID: 31310112 PMCID: PMC6693944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rocaglates are a family of natural products isolated from the genus Aglaia which possess a highly substituted cyclopenta[b]benzofuran skeleton and inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis. Rocaglates are attractive compounds due to their potential for inhibiting tumor cell maintenance in vivo by specifically targeting eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) and interfering with recruitment of ribosomes to mRNA. In this paper, we describe an intercepted retro-Nazarov reaction utilizing intramolecular tosyl migration to generate a reactive oxyallyl cation on the rocaglate skeleton. Trapping of the oxyallyl cation with a diverse range of nucleophiles has been used to generate over 50 novel amidino-rocaglate (ADR) and amino-rocaglate derivatives. Subsequently, these derivatives were evaluated for their ability to inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis where they were found to outperform previous lead compounds including the rocaglate hydroxamate CR-1-31-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | - Andrew M. Cyr
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Han Yueh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Tony T. Wang
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
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41
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Banerjee A, Maji MS. A Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Cascade Reaction for the Conversion of Indoles to α-(3-Indolyl) Ketones by Using 2-Benzyloxy Aldehydes. Chemistry 2019; 25:11521-11527. [PMID: 31283058 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A Brønsted acid catalyzed, operationally simple, scalable route to several functionalized α-(3-indolyl) ketones has been developed and the long-standing regioisomeric issue has been eliminated by choosing appropriate carbonyls. A readily available and cheap bottle reagent was used as the catalyst. This protocol was also applicable to the synthesis of densely functionalized α-(3-pyrrolyl) ketones. A detailed mechanistic study confirmed the involvement of enolether as a reaction intermediate. Several postsynthetic modifications along with easy access to β-carboline, tryptamines, tryptophols, and spiro-indolenine proclaim the synthetic utility of this powerful building block. On the basis of this concept, functionalized carbazoles were constructed by a cascade annulation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, W.B., India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, W.B., India
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42
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An X, Xiao J. Fluorinated Alcohols: Magic Reaction Medium and Promoters for Organic Synthesis. CHEM REC 2019; 20:142-161. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐De An
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesQingdao Agricultural University
| | - Jian Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesQingdao Agricultural University
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43
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Bresnahan CG, Taylor-Edinbyrd KA, Cleveland AH, Malone JA, Dange NS, Milet A, Kumar R, Kartika R. Mechanistic Perspectives in the Regioselective Indole Addition to Unsymmetrical Silyloxyallyl Cations. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7166-7174. [PMID: 31050428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our investigations on the reaction mechanism to account for regioselectivity on the addition of indoles to unsymmetrical silyloxyallyl cations are reported. Using both experimental and computational methods, we confirmed the significance of steric effects from the silyl ether group toward directing the inward approach of indoles, leading to nucleophilic attack at the less substituted electrophilic α'-carbon. The role of residual water toward accelerating the rate of reaction is established through stabilization of the participating silyloxyallyl cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin G Bresnahan
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Kiara A Taylor-Edinbyrd
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Alexander H Cleveland
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Joshua A Malone
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Nitin S Dange
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Anne Milet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5250 , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Revati Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry , Louisiana State University , 232 Choppin Hall , Baton Rouge , Louisiana 70803 , United States
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44
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Alachouzos G, Frontier AJ. Cationic Cascade for Building Complex Polycyclic Molecules from Simple Precursors: Diastereoselective Installation of Three Contiguous Stereogenic Centers in a One-Pot Process. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:118-122. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Alachouzos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 414 Hutchison Hall, 100 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | - Alison J. Frontier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 414 Hutchison Hall, 100 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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45
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Hu L, Rombola M, Rawal VH. Synthesis of 1,2-Oxazinanes via Hydrogen Bond Mediated [3 + 3] Cycloaddition Reactions of Oxyallyl Cations with Nitrones. Org Lett 2018; 20:5384-5388. [PMID: 30133293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the development of [3 + 3] cycloaddition reactions between oxyallyl cations and nitrones to yield 1,2-oxazinane heterocycles. Oxyallyl cation intermediates, generated in situ from α-tosyloxy ketones in the presence of hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), a cosolvent, and a base, are found to react with a range of nitrones to afford 1,2-oxazinanes in good to high yields. The reactions are catalyzed by hydrogen-bond donors such as phenols and squaramides, and dramatically higher diastereoselectivities are observed with 4-nitrophenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbowei Hu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Chicago , 5735 South Ellis Avenue , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Michael Rombola
- Department of Chemistry , University of Chicago , 5735 South Ellis Avenue , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Viresh H Rawal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Chicago , 5735 South Ellis Avenue , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
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46
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Cordier M, Archambeau A. (3 + 3) Cycloaddition of Oxyallyl Cations with Nitrones: Diastereoselective Access to 1,2-Oxazinanes. Org Lett 2018; 20:2265-2268. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cordier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Alexis Archambeau
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, UMR 7652, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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47
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Mandal M, Balamurugan R. Triflic acid-Mediated Expedient Synthesis of Benzo[a
]fluorenes and Fluorescent Benzo[a
]fluorenones. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mou Mandal
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; Gachibowli Hyderabad- 500046 India
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48
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Suárez A, Martínez F, Sanz R. Synthesis of α-functionalized α-indol-3-yl carbonyls through direct S N reactions of indol-3-yl α-acyloins. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:11212-11219. [PMID: 27841890 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02125e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient synthesis of α-functionalized α-indol-3-yl ketones from easily available indolyl α-acyloins is reported. This process, catalyzed by Brønsted or Lewis acids, involves an uncommon direct nucleophilic substitution reaction of a secondary α-carbonyl-substituted hydroxyl group. The described methodology allows the introduction of a variety of nucleophiles such as (hetero)arenes, thiophenols, nitroanilines and 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives. The synthesized α-indol-3-yl carbonyl compounds are important synthetic targets also useful for accessing functionalized tryptophols and furan-3-yl indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisley Suárez
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos. Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n. 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos. Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n. 09001-Burgos, Spain.
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos. Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n. 09001-Burgos, Spain.
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49
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Yang B, Zhai X, Feng S, Shao Z. Dearomatization of naphthols using oxy-allyl cations: efficient construction of α-all-carbon quaternary center-containing 2-(2-oxocycloalkyl)cycloalkyl diketones. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00783g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An efficient strategy for the dearomatization of both α- and β-naphthols using in situ generated oxy-allyl cations is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binmiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Xuejie Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Shubo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
| | - Zhihui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
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50
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He CQ, Yu P, Lam YH, Houk KN. Origins of Stereoselectivity in Chiral Aminoalcohol Catalysis of Oxyallyl Cation-Indole Reactions. Org Lett 2017; 19:5685-5688. [PMID: 28976202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective coupling of indoles with racemic α-tosyloxy ketones mediated by a chiral amino alcohol catalyst is studied with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The addition of indole to an oxyallyl cation intrinsically favors the (S,S) and (R,R) stereoisomeric products through electrostatic interactions in the transition state. Our model shows that the enantioselectivity is controlled by the cyclohexane moiety of the catalyst; selectivity diminishes upon removal of the cyclohexane ring. Substitution to enhance the enantioselectivity of this reaction is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyndi Qixin He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Peiyuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Yu-Hong Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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