1
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Du K, Zhang L, Shan J, Guo J, Mao J, Yang CC, Wang CH, Hu Z, Ling T. Interface engineering breaks both stability and activity limits of RuO2 for sustainable water oxidation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5448. [PMID: 36114207 PMCID: PMC9481627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing catalytic materials with enhanced stability and activity is crucial for sustainable electrochemical energy technologies. RuO2 is the most active material for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in electrolysers aiming at producing ‘green’ hydrogen, however it encounters critical electrochemical oxidation and dissolution issues during reaction. It remains a grand challenge to achieve stable and active RuO2 electrocatalyst as the current strategies usually enhance one of the two properties at the expense of the other. Here, we report breaking the stability and activity limits of RuO2 in neutral and alkaline environments by constructing a RuO2/CoOx interface. We demonstrate that RuO2 can be greatly stabilized on the CoOx substrate to exceed the Pourbaix stability limit of bulk RuO2. This is realized by the preferential oxidation of CoOx during OER and the electron gain of RuO2 through the interface. Besides, a highly active Ru/Co dual-atom site can be generated around the RuO2/CoOx interface to synergistically adsorb the oxygen intermediates, leading to a favourable reaction path. The as-designed RuO2/CoOx catalyst provides an avenue to achieve stable and active materials for sustainable electrochemical energy technologies. RuO2 encounters critical electrochemical dissolution issues during oxygen evolution reaction and it remains a grand challenge to achieve stable and active RuO2 electrocatalyst. Here, the authors report breaking stability and activity limits of RuO2 by constructing a RuO2/CoOx interface.
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2
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Harper DR, Kulik HJ. Computational Scaling Relationships Predict Experimental Activity and Rate-Limiting Behavior in Homogeneous Water Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2186-2197. [PMID: 35037756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While computational screening with first-principles density functional theory (DFT) is essential for evaluating candidate catalysts, limitations in accuracy typically prevent the prediction of experimentally relevant activities. Exemplary of these challenges are homogeneous water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) where differences in experimental conditions or small changes in ligand structure can alter rate constants by over an order of magnitude. Here, we compute mechanistically relevant electronic and energetic properties for 19 mononuclear Ru transition-metal complexes (TMCs) from three experimental water oxidation catalysis studies. We discover that 15 of these TMCs have experimental activities that correlate with a single property, the ionization potential of the Ru(II)-O2 catalytic intermediate. This scaling parameter allows the quantitative understanding of activity trends and provides insight into the rate-limiting behavior. We use this approach to rationalize differences in activity with different experimental conditions, and we qualitatively analyze the source of distinct behavior for different electronic states in the other four catalysts. Comparison to closely related single-atom catalysts and modified WOCs enables rationalization of the source of rate enhancement in these WOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Harper
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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3
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Ezhov R, Ravari AK, Bury G, Smith PF, Pushkar Y. Do multinuclear 3d metal catalysts achieve O-O bond formation via radical coupling or via water nucleophilic attack? WNA leads the way in [Co 4O 4] n. CHEM CATALYSIS 2021; 1:407-422. [PMID: 37378353 PMCID: PMC10296785 DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic water oxidation is a required process for clean energy production based on the concept of artificial photosynthesis. Here, we provide in situ spectroscopic and computational analysis for the closest known photosystem II analog, [Co4O4]n+ ([Co4O4Py4Ac4]0, Py = pyridine and Ac = CH3COO-), which catalyzes electrochemical water oxidation. In situ extended X-ray absorption fine structure detects an ultrashort, CoIV=O (~1.67 Å) moiety, a crucial intermediate for O-O bond formation. Density function theory analyses show that the intermediate has two CoIV centers and a CoIV=O unit of strong radicaloid character sufficient to support a CoIV=O + H2O = Co-OOH + H+ transition, where the carboxyl ligand accepts the proton and the bridging oxygen stabilizes the peroxide via hydrogen bonding. The proposed water nucleophilic attack mechanism accounts for all prior spectroscopic evidence on the Co4O44+ core. Our results are important for the design and development of efficient water oxidation catalysts, which contribute to the ultimate goal of clean energy from artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ezhov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Gabriel Bury
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Paul F. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Lead contact
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4
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High-performance and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting cell with organic-photoactive-layer-based photoanode. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5509. [PMID: 33139804 PMCID: PMC7606446 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering their superior charge-transfer characteristics, easy tenability of energy levels, and low production cost, organic semiconductors are ideal for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production. However, organic-semiconductor-based photoelectrodes have not been extensively explored for PEC water-splitting because of their low stability in water. Herein, we report high-performance and stable organic-semiconductors photoanodes consisting of p-type polymers and n-type non-fullerene materials, which is passivated using nickel foils, GaIn eutectic, and layered double hydroxides as model materials. We achieve a photocurrent density of 15.1 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) with an onset potential of 0.55 V vs. RHE and a record high half-cell solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 4.33% under AM 1.5 G solar simulated light. After conducting the stability test at 1.3 V vs. RHE for 10 h, 90% of the initial photocurrent density are retained, whereas the photoactive layer without passivation lost its activity within a few minutes. While organic semiconductors may be useful in photoelectrochemical water-splitting materials, they show low stability in water. Here, the authors report high-performance and stable organic-semiconductor-based photoanodes passivated using nickel foils, GaIn eutectic, and layered double hydroxides.
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5
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Luque-Urrutia JA, Kamdar JM, Grotjahn DB, Solà M, Poater A. Understanding the performance of a bisphosphonate Ru water oxidation catalyst. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14052-14060. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02253e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) are a key part of generating H2 from water and sunlight, consequently, it is a promising process for the production of clean energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús A. Luque-Urrutia
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17003 Girona
- Spain
| | - Jayneil M. Kamdar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- San Diego State University
- San Diego
- USA
| | - Douglas B. Grotjahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- San Diego State University
- San Diego
- USA
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17003 Girona
- Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17003 Girona
- Spain
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6
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Ravari AK, Zhu G, Ezhov R, Pineda-Galvan Y, Page A, Weinschenk W, Yan L, Pushkar Y. Unraveling the Mechanism of Catalytic Water Oxidation via de Novo Synthesis of Reactive Intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:884-893. [PMID: 31865704 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Karbakhsh Ravari
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Guibo Zhu
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Roman Ezhov
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yuliana Pineda-Galvan
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Allison Page
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Whitney Weinschenk
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lifen Yan
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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7
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8
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Craig MJ, Coulter G, Dolan E, Soriano-López J, Mates-Torres E, Schmitt W, García-Melchor M. Universal scaling relations for the rational design of molecular water oxidation catalysts with near-zero overpotential. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4993. [PMID: 31704927 PMCID: PMC6841662 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12994-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A major roadblock in realizing large-scale production of hydrogen via electrochemical water splitting is the cost and inefficiency of current catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Computational research has driven important developments in understanding and designing heterogeneous OER catalysts using linear scaling relationships derived from computed binding energies. Herein, we interrogate 17 of the most active molecular OER catalysts, based on different transition metals (Ru, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu), and show they obey similar scaling relations to those established for heterogeneous systems. However, we find that the conventional OER descriptor underestimates the activity for very active OER complexes as the standard approach neglects a crucial one-electron oxidation that many molecular catalysts undergo prior to O-O bond formation. Importantly, this additional step allows certain molecular catalysts to circumvent the "overpotential wall", leading to enhanced performance. With this knowledge, we establish fundamental principles for the design of ideal molecular OER catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael John Craig
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Gabriel Coulter
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin Dolan
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Joaquín Soriano-López
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Eric Mates-Torres
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Wolfgang Schmitt
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Max García-Melchor
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland.
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9
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Pasquini C, Zaharieva I, González-Flores D, Chernev P, Mohammadi MR, Guidoni L, Smith RDL, Dau H. H/D Isotope Effects Reveal Factors Controlling Catalytic Activity in Co-Based Oxides for Water Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2938-2948. [PMID: 30650965 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism for electrochemical water oxidation is important for the development of more efficient catalysts for artificial photosynthesis. A basic step is the proton-coupled electron transfer, which enables accumulation of oxidizing equivalents without buildup of a charge. We find that substituting deuterium for hydrogen resulted in an 87% decrease in the catalytic activity for water oxidation on Co-based amorphous-oxide catalysts at neutral pH, while 16O-to-18O substitution lead to a 10% decrease. In situ visible and quasi-in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveal that the hydrogen-to-deuterium isotopic substitution induces an equilibrium isotope effect that shifts the oxidation potentials positively by approximately 60 mV for the proton coupled CoII/III and CoIII/IV electron transfer processes. Time-resolved spectroelectrochemical measurements indicate the absence of a kinetic isotope effect, implying that the precatalytic proton-coupled electron transfer happens through a stepwise mechanism in which electron transfer is rate-determining. An observed correlation between Co oxidation states and catalytic current for both isotopic conditions indicates that the applied potential has no direct effect on the catalytic rate, which instead depends exponentially on the average Co oxidation state. These combined results provide evidence that neither proton nor electron transfer is involved in the catalytic rate-determining step. We propose a mechanism with an active species composed by two adjacent CoIV atoms and a rate-determining step that involves oxygen-oxygen bond formation and compare it with models proposed in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pasquini
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ivelina Zaharieva
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Diego González-Flores
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Petko Chernev
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany.,Department of Physics , University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , 98167-45845 , Iran
| | - Leonardo Guidoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche , Università degli studi dell'Aquila,Via Vetoio (Coppito) , 67100 L'Aquila , Italy
| | - Rodney D L Smith
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany.,Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue W , N2L 3G1 Waterloo , ON , Canada
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of Physics , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
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10
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Haschke S, Mader M, Schlicht S, Roberts AM, Angeles-Boza AM, Barth JAC, Bachmann J. Direct oxygen isotope effect identifies the rate-determining step of electrocatalytic OER at an oxidic surface. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4565. [PMID: 30385759 PMCID: PMC6212532 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of water oxidation to dioxygen represents the bottleneck towards the design of efficient energy storage schemes based on water splitting. The investigation of kinetic isotope effects has long been established for mechanistic studies of various such reactions. However, so far natural isotope abundance determination of O2 produced at solid electrode surfaces has not been applied. Here, we demonstrate that such measurements are possible. Moreover, they are experimentally simple and sufficiently accurate to observe significant effects. Our measured kinetic isotope effects depend strongly on the electrode material and on the applied electrode potential. They suggest that in the case of iron oxide as the electrode material, the oxygen evolution reaction occurs via a rate-determining O−O bond formation via nucleophilic water attack on a ferryl unit. Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial for catalyst design. Here, natural-abundance isotope quantifications of O2 yield mechanistically significant reaction kinetic isotope effects for water oxidation over metal oxide electrodes, the bottleneck step of water electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Haschke
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Mader
- Department für Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum NordBayern, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schlicht
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André M Roberts
- Department für Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum NordBayern, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Johannes A C Barth
- Department für Geographie und Geowissenschaften, GeoZentrum NordBayern, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany. .,Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 198504.
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11
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Pushkar Y, Pineda-Galvan Y, Ravari AK, Otroshchenko T, Hartzler DA. Mechanism for O-O Bond Formation via Radical Coupling of Metal and Ligand Based Radicals: A New Pathway. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13538-13541. [PMID: 30296067 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis carries promise to deliver abundant clean energy for the needs of a growing population. Deep mechanistic understanding is required to achieve rational design of fast and durable water oxidation catalysts. Here we provided first evidence for a new mechanism of the O-O bond formation via radical coupling of the oxidized metal═oxo of radicaloid character (RuIV═O) and ligand based radical ([ligand-NO]+• cation radical). O-O bond formation is facilitated via spin alignment and takes place via a virtually barrier less pathway inside the single metal complex. In situ reactive intermediate conversion was monitored by mass spectrometry, resonance Raman (RR) and EPR. Computational analysis have shown that the formation of [ligand-NO]+• happens at a lower overpotential than the formation of the [RuV═O(ligand)]3+ intermediate. Overall, the presented paradigm for O-O bond formation opens new opportunities for rational catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Yuliana Pineda-Galvan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Alireza K Ravari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Tatiana Otroshchenko
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a , D-18059 Rostock , Germany
| | - Daniel A Hartzler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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12
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Wang Y, Zhan S, Ahlquist MSG. Nucleophilic Attack by OH2 or OH–: A Detailed Investigation on pH-Dependent Performance of a Ru Catalyst. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shaoqi Zhan
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mårten S. G. Ahlquist
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Sarma R, Sloan MJ, Miller AF. Flavin-sensitized electrode system for oxygen evolution using photo-electrocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:8834-7. [PMID: 27346375 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of bio-electrode systems decorated with redox active biomolecules, flavins, is demonstrated. Exploiting the photochemistry and electrochemistry of flavins, we explored the photo-electrochemical activity of flavin-functionalized electrode systems to assess their potential utility for sustainable energy production. As model systems, lumiflavin and flavin adenine dinucleotide were immobilized on carbon electrodes by dropcasting and covalent grafting techniques. Activity of these bio-electrodes towards generation of O2 from H2O in 0.5 M potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7.1 was demonstrated. Irradiation of the electrode system with visible light led to increased activity of the electrodes with a 3-fold enhancement of oxidation of H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupam Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
| | - Madison J Sloan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
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14
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Schneider TW, Hren MT, Ertem MZ, Angeles-Boza AM. [RuII(tpy)(bpy)Cl]+-Catalyzed reduction of carbon dioxide. Mechanistic insights by carbon-13 kinetic isotope effects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8518-8521. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
13C kinetic isotope effect determinations combined with DFT calculations provide insight on the CO2 reduction reaction catalyzed by a ruthenium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. T. Hren
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
| | - M. Z. Ertem
- Chemistry Division
- Energy & Photon Sciences Directorate
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- Upton
- USA
| | - A. M. Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Connecticut
- Storrs
- USA
- Institute of Materials Science
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15
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Dai Z, Geng H, Wang J, Luo Y, Li B, Zong Y, Yang J, Guo Y, Zheng Y, Wang X, Yan Q. Hexagonal-Phase Cobalt Monophosphosulfide for Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting. ACS NANO 2017; 11:11031-11040. [PMID: 29077385 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The rational design and synthesis of nonprecious, efficient, and stable electrocatalysts to replace precious noble metals are crucial to the future of hydrogen economy. Herein, a partial sulfurization/phosphorization strategy is proposed to synthesize a nonstoichiometric pyrrhotite-type cobalt monophosphosulfide material (Co0.9S0.58P0.42) with a hexagonal close-packed phase for electrocatalytic water splitting. By regulating the degree of sulfurization, the P/S atomic ratio in the cobalt monophosphosulfide can be tuned to activate the Co3+/Co2+ couples. The synergy between the nonstoichiometric nature and the tunable P/S ratio results in the strengthened Co3+/Co2+ couples and tunable electronic structure and thus efficiently promotes the oxygen/hydrogen evolution reaction (OER/HER) processes toward overall water splitting. Especially for OER, the Co0.9S0.58P0.42 material, featured with a uniform yolk-shell spherical morphology, shows a low overpotential of 266 mV at 10 mA cm-2 (η10) with a low Tafel slope of 48 mV dec-1 as well as high stability, which is comparable to that of the reported promising OER electrocatalysts. Coupled with the high HER activity of Co0.9S0.58P0.42, the overall water splitting is demonstrated with a low η10 at 1.59 V and good stability. This study shows that phase engineering and composition control can be the elegant strategy to realize the Co3+/Co2+ couple activation and electronic structure tuning to promote the electrocatalytic process. The proposed strategy and approaches allow the rational design and synthesis of transition metal monophosphosulfides toward advanced electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Bing Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) , 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634
| | - Yun Zong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) , 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634
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16
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Wu D, Wang R, Li Y, Ganguly R, Hirao H, Kinjo R. Electrostatic Catalyst Generated from Diazadiborinine for Carbonyl Reduction. Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Moonshiram D, Pineda-Galvan Y, Erdman D, Palenik M, Zong R, Thummel R, Pushkar Y. Uncovering the Role of Oxygen Atom Transfer in Ru-Based Catalytic Water Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15605-15616. [PMID: 27802032 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The realization of artificial photosynthesis carries the promise of cheap and abundant energy, however, significant advances in the rational design of water oxidation catalysts are required. Detailed information on the structure of the catalyst under reaction conditions and mechanisms of O-O bond formation should be obtained. Here, we used a combination of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), stopped flow freeze quench on a millisecond-second time scale, X-ray absorption (XAS), resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) to follow the dynamics of the Ru-based single site catalyst, [RuII(NPM)(4-pic)2(H2O)]2+ (NPM = 4-t-butyl-2,6-di(1',8'-naphthyrid-2'-yl)pyridine, pic = 4-picoline), under the water oxidation conditions. We report a unique EPR signal with g-tensor, gx = 2.30, gy = 2.18, and gz = 1.83 which allowed us to observe fast dynamics of oxygen atom transfer from the RuIV═O oxo species to the uncoordinated nitrogen of the NPM ligand. In few seconds, the NPM ligand modification results in [RuIII(NPM-NO)(4-pic)2(H2O)]3+ and [RuIII(NPM-NO,NO)(4-pic)2]3+ complexes. A proposed [RuV(NPM)(4-pic)2═O]3+ intermediate was not detected under the tested conditions. We demonstrate that while the proximal base might be beneficial in O-O bond formation via nucleophilic water attack on an oxo species as shown by DFT, the noncoordinating nitrogen is impractical as a base in water oxidation catalysts due to its facile conversion to the N-O group. This study opens new horizons for understanding the real structure of Ru catalysts under water oxidation conditions and points toward the need to further investigate the role of the N-O ligand in promoting water oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dooshaye Moonshiram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yuliana Pineda-Galvan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Darren Erdman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mark Palenik
- Code 6189, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Ruifa Zong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Randolph Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University , 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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18
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Schneider TW, Ertem MZ, Muckerman JT, Angeles-Boza AM. Mechanism of Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl from Differences in Carbon Isotope Discrimination. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor W. Schneider
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Mehmed Z. Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Energy & Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555A, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - James T. Muckerman
- Chemistry Division, Energy & Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555A, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Alfredo M. Angeles-Boza
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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19
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Das B, Orthaber A, Ott S, Thapper A. Iron Pentapyridyl Complexes as Molecular Water Oxidation Catalysts: Strong Influence of a Chloride Ligand and pH in Altering the Mechanism. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1178-1186. [PMID: 27114078 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of molecular water oxidation catalysts based on earth-abundant, non-noble metals is essential for artificial photosynthesis research. Iron, which is the most abundant transition metal in the earth's crust, is a prospective candidate for this purpose. Herein, we report two iron complexes based on the polypyridyl ligand Py5OH (Py5OH=pyridine-2,6-diylbis [di(pyridin-2-yl)methanol]) that can catalyse water oxidation to produce O2 in Ru(III) -induced (at pH 8, highest turnover number (TON)=26.5; turnover frequency (TOF)=2.2 s(-1) ), Ce(IV) -induced (at pH≈1.5 highest TON=16; TOF=0.75 s(-1) ) and photo-induced (at pH 8, highest TON=43.5; TOF=0.6 s(-1) ) reactions. A chloride ligand in one of the iron complexes is shown to affect the activity strongly, improve stability and, thereby, the performance at pH 8 but it inhibits oxygen evolution at pH≈1.5. The observations are consistent with a change in mechanism for catalytic water oxidation with the Fe(Py5OH) complexes between acidic (Ce(IV) ) and near-neutral pH (Ru(III) ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Das
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O.Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O.Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O.Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Thapper
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O.Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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20
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Mognon L, Mandal S, Castillo CE, Fortage J, Molton F, Aromí G, Benet-Buchhlolz J, Collomb MN, Llobet A. Synthesis, structure, spectroscopy and reactivity of new heterotrinuclear water oxidation catalysts. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3304-3312. [PMID: 29997822 PMCID: PMC6006862 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04672f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Four heterotrinuclear complexes containing the ligands 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazolate (bpp-) and 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (trpy) of the general formula {[RuII(trpy)]2(μ-[M(X)2(bpp)2])}(PF6)2, where M = CoII, MnII and X = Cl-, AcO- (M = CoII, X = Cl-: Ru2Co-Cl2 ; M = MnII, X = Cl-: Ru2Mn-Cl2 ; M = CoII, X = AcO-: Ru2Co-OAc2 ; M = MnII, X = AcO-: Ru2Mn-OAc2 ), have been prepared for the first time. The complexes have been characterized using different spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis, IR, and mass spectrometry. X-Ray diffraction analyses have been used to characterize the Ru2Mn-Cl2 and Ru2Mn-OAc2 complexes. The cyclic voltammograms (CV) for all four complexes in organic solvent (CH3CN or CH2Cl2) display three successive reversible oxidative waves corresponding to one-electron oxidations of each of the three metal centers. The oxidized forms of the complexes Ru2Co-OAc2 and Ru2Mn-OAc2 are further characterized by EPR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The magnetic susceptibility measurements of all complexes in the temperature range of 2-300 K reveal paramagnetic properties due to the presence of high spin Co(ii) and Mn(ii) centers. The complexes Ru2Co-OAc2 and Ru2Mn-OAc2 act as precatalysts for the water oxidation reaction, since the acetato groups are easily replaced by water at pH = 7 generating the active catalysts, {[Ru(H2O)(trpy)]2(μ-[M(H2O)2(bpp)2])}4+ (M = CoII: Ru2Co-(H2O)4 ; M = MnII: Ru2Mn-(H2O)4 ). The photochemical water oxidation reaction is studied using [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as the photosensitizer and Na2S2O8 as a sacrificial electron acceptor at pH = 7. The Co containing complex generates a TON of 50 in about 10 minutes (TOFi = 0.21 s-1), whereas the Mn containing complex only generates a TON of 8. The water oxidation reaction of Ru2Co-(H2O)4 is further investigated using oxone as a sacrificial chemical oxidant at pH = 7. Labelled water oxidation experiments suggest that a nucleophilic attack mechanism is occurring at the Co site of the trinuclear complex with cooperative involvement of the two Ru sites, via electronic coupling through the bpp- bridging ligand and via neighboring hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Mognon
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
| | - Sukanta Mandal
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur-721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Carmen E Castillo
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Jérôme Fortage
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Florian Molton
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Guillem Aromí
- Departament de Química Inorgànica , Universitat de Barcelona , Diagonal 645 , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchhlolz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
| | - Marie-Noëlle Collomb
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France.,CNRS , DCM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avinguda Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain . .,Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Cerdanyola del Vallès , 08193 Barcelona , Spain
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21
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Hetterscheid DGH, van der Ham CJM, Diaz-Morales O, Verhoeven MWGM(T, Longo A, Banerjee D, Niemantsverdriet JW(H, Reek JNH, Feiters MC. Early stages of catalyst aging in the iridium mediated water oxidation reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:10931-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00751a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure of an iridium Cp* water oxidation catalyst was evaluated as a function of time and applied potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oscar Diaz-Morales
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 2300 RA Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | | | - Alessandro Longo
- Dutch-Belgian Beamline (DUBBLE)
- ESRF – The European Synchrotron
- 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
| | - Dipanjan Banerjee
- Dutch-Belgian Beamline (DUBBLE)
- ESRF – The European Synchrotron
- 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
| | | | - Joost N. H. Reek
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
- University of Amsterdam
- Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Feiters
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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22
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23
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Khan S, Yang KR, Ertem MZ, Batista VS, Brudvig GW. Mechanism of Manganese-Catalyzed Oxygen Evolution from Experimental and Theoretical Analyses of 18O Kinetic Isotope Effects. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahr Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Ke R. Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Mehmed Z. Ertem
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555A, Upton, New
York 11973, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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24
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Matheu R, Ertem MZ, Benet-Buchholz J, Coronado E, Batista VS, Sala X, Llobet A. Intramolecular Proton Transfer Boosts Water Oxidation Catalyzed by a Ru Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10786-95. [PMID: 26226390 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new family of complexes with the general formula [Ru(n)(tda)(py)2](m+) (n = 2, m = 0, 1; n = 3, m = 1, 2(+); n = 4, m = 2, 3(2+)), with tda(2-) being [2,2':6',2″-terpyridine]-6,6″-dicarboxylate, including complex [Ru(IV)(OH)(tda-κ-N(3)O)(py)2](+), 4H(+), which we find to be an impressive water oxidation catalyst, formed by hydroxo coordination to 3(2+) under basic conditions. The complexes are synthesized, isolated, and thoroughly characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV-vis, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance), computational, and electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, coulometry), including solid-state monocrystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In oxidation state IV, the Ru center is seven-coordinated and diamagnetic, whereas in oxidation state II, the complex has an unbonded dangling carboxylate and is six-coordinated while still diamagnetic. With oxidation state III, the coordination number is halfway between the coordination of oxidation states II and IV. Species generated in situ have also been characterized by spectroscopic, computational, and electrochemical techniques, together with the related species derived from a different degree of protonation and oxidation states. 4H(+) can be generated potentiometrically, or voltammetrically, from 3(2+), and both coexist in solution. While complex 3(2+) is not catalytically active, the catalytic performance of complex 4H(+) is characterized by the foot of the wave analysis, giving an impressive turnover frequency record of 8000 s(-1) at pH 7.0 and 50 000 s(-1) at pH 10.0. Density functional theory calculations provide a complete description of the water oxidation catalytic cycle of 4H(+), manifesting the key functional role of the dangling carboxylate in lowering the activation free energies that lead to O-O bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roc Matheu
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mehmed Z Ertem
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia , 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Xavier Sala
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Laine TM, Kärkäs MD, Liao RZ, Siegbahn PEM, Åkermark B. A Dinuclear Ruthenium-Based Water Oxidation Catalyst: Use of Non-Innocent Ligand Frameworks for Promoting Multi-Electron Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:10039-48. [PMID: 25925847 PMCID: PMC4517172 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insight into how H2 O is oxidized to O2 is envisioned to facilitate the rational design of artificial water oxidation catalysts, which is a vital component in solar-to-fuel conversion schemes. Herein, we report on the mechanistic features associated with a dinuclear Ru-based water oxidation catalyst. The catalytic action of the designed Ru complex was studied by the combined use of high-resolution mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, and quantum chemical calculations. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the designed ligand scaffold in Ru complex 1 has a non-innocent behavior, in which metal-ligand cooperation is an important part during the four-electron oxidation of H2 O. This feature is vital for the observed catalytic efficiency and highlights that the preparation of catalysts housing non-innocent molecular frameworks could be a general strategy for accessing efficient catalysts for activation of H2 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja M Laine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Markus D Kärkäs
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 (P.R. China).
| | - Per E M Siegbahn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm (Sweden).
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26
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Duffy EM, Marsh BM, Garand E. Probing the Hydrogen-Bonded Water Network at the Active Site of a Water Oxidation Catalyst: [Ru(bpy)(tpy)(H2O)]2+·(H2O)0–4. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6326-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Duffy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Brett M. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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27
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Abstract
Primary and secondary (18)O equilibrium isotope effects on the acidities of a variety of Brønsted and Lewis acids centered on carbon, boron, nitrogen, and phosphorus were computed by density-functional theory. For many of these acids, the secondary isotope effect was found to be larger than the primary isotope effect. This is a counterintuitive result, because the H atom that is lost is closer to the (18)O atom that is responsible for the primary isotope effect. The relative magnitudes of the isotope effects can be associated with the vibrational frequency and zero-point energy of the X═O vibrations, which are greater than those of the X-O vibrations. However, the difference between these contributions is small, and the major responsibility for the larger secondary isotope effect comes from the moment-of-inertia factor, which depends on the position of the (18)O atom relative to the principal axes of rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L Perrin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Kathryn D Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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28
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29
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Base-enhanced catalytic water oxidation by a carboxylate-bipyridine Ru(II) complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:4935-40. [PMID: 25848035 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500245112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In aqueous solution above pH 2.4 with 4% (vol/vol) CH3CN, the complex [Ru(II)(bda)(isoq)2] (bda is 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxylate; isoq is isoquinoline) exists as the open-arm chelate, [Ru(II)(CO2-bpy-CO2(-))(isoq)2(NCCH3)], as shown by (1)H and (13)C-NMR, X-ray crystallography, and pH titrations. Rates of water oxidation with the open-arm chelate are remarkably enhanced by added proton acceptor bases, as measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV). In 1.0 M PO4(3-), the calculated half-time for water oxidation is ∼7 μs. The key to the rate accelerations with added bases is direct involvement of the buffer base in either atom-proton transfer (APT) or concerted electron-proton transfer (EPT) pathways.
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30
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Schneider TW, Angeles-Boza AM. Competitive 13C and 18O kinetic isotope effects on CO2 reduction catalyzed by Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8784-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03977g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Competitive 13C and 18O kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) on CO2 reduction reactions catalyzed by Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl are reported.
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31
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Das B, Orthaber A, Ott S, Thapper A. Water oxidation catalysed by a mononuclear CoII polypyridine complex; possible reaction intermediates and the role of the chloride ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13074-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic water oxidation using mononuclear CoII complex with a chloride ligand has been investigated. Spectroscopic measurements show that the chloride ligand is an integral component of the catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Das
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Anders Thapper
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
- Sweden
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32
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Chong CC, Hirao H, Kinjo R. Metal‐Free σ‐Bond Metathesis in 1,3,2‐Diazaphospholene‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Carbonyl Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:190-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Che Chang Chong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
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33
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Chong CC, Hirao H, Kinjo R. Metal‐Free σ‐Bond Metathesis in 1,3,2‐Diazaphospholene‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Carbonyl Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Che Chang Chong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore 637371 (Singapore)
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