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Casey J, Walker AR, Zhai X, Garno JC, Russo PS, Maverick AW. Structural Information on Supramolecular Copper(II) β-Diketonate Complexes from Atomic Force Microscopy and Analytical Ultracentrifugation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:2629-2638. [PMID: 38250429 PMCID: PMC10795041 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular Cu(II) complexes were prepared from two trifunctional β-diketone ligands. The ligands (CH3Si(phacH)3 and CH3Si(phprH)3, represented by LH3) contain three aryl-β-diketone moieties joined by an organosilicon group. The complexes have the empirical formula Cu3L2, as expected for combinations of Cu2+ and L3-. Several metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) [Cu3L2]n are possible (n = 1-10); a dodecahedron (Cu30L20; n = 10; estimated diameter of ca. 5 nm) should be the most stable because its internal bond angles would come closest to ideal values. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), performed on samples deposited from solution onto mica substrates, revealed a distribution of sample heights in the 0.5-3.0 nm range. The most commonly observed heights were 0.5-1.5 nm, corresponding to the smallest possible molecules (Cu3L2, i.e., n = 1). Some molecular cubes (Cu12L8; ca. 2.5 nm) or larger molecules or aggregates may be present as well. Equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) was also used to probe the compounds. A previously reported reference compound, the molecular square Cu4(m-pbhx)4 (M = 2241 g mol-1), behaved well in AUC experiments in four nonpolar organic solvents. AUC data for the new tris(β-diketonate) MOPs [Cu3L2]n in toluene and fluorobenzene did not agree well with the theoretical results for a single solute. The data were fit well by a two-solute model, but these results were not consistent in the two solvents used, and some run-to-run variability was noted even in the same solvent. Also, the calculated molecular weights differed significantly from those expected for [Cu3L2]n ([Cu3(CH3Si(phac)3)2]n, multiples of 1322 g mol-1; or [Cu3(CH3Si(phpr)3)2]n, multiples of 1490 g mol-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan
S. Casey
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Ashley R. Walker
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Xianglin Zhai
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jayne C. Garno
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Paul S. Russo
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Andrew W. Maverick
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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2
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Kessler BJO, Mansoor IF, Wozniak DI, Emge TJ, Lipke MC. Controlling Intramolecular and Intermolecular Electronic Coupling of Radical Ligands in a Series of Cobaltoviologen Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:15924-15935. [PMID: 37460450 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Controlling electronic coupling between multiple redox sites is of interest for tuning the electronic properties of molecules and materials. While classic mixed-valence (MV) systems are highly tunable, e.g., via the organic bridges connecting the redox sites, metal-bridged MV systems are difficult to control because the electronics of the metal cannot usually be altered independently of redox-active moieties embedded in its ligands. Herein, this limitation was overcome by varying the donor strengths of ancillary ligands in a series of cobalt complexes without directly perturbing the electronics of viologen-like redox sites bridged by the cobalt ions. The cobaltoviologens [1X-Co]n+ feature four 4-X-pyridyl donor groups (X = CO2Me, Cl, H, Me, OMe, NMe2) that provide gradual electronic tuning of the bridging CoII centers, while a related complex [2-Co]n+ with NHC donors supports exclusively CoIII states even upon reduction of the viologen units. Electrochemistry and IVCT band analysis indicate that the MV states of these complexes have electronic structures ranging from fully localized ([2-Co]4+; Robin-Day Class I) to fully delocalized ([1CO2Me-Co]3+; Class III) descriptions, demonstrating unprecedented control over electronic coupling without changing the identity of the redox sites or bridging metal. Additionally, single-crystal XRD characterization of the homovalent complexes [1H-Co]2+ and [1H-Zn]2+ revealed radical-pairing interactions between the viologen ligands of adjacent complexes, representing a type of through-space electronic coupling commonly observed for organic viologen radicals but never before seen in metalloviologens. The extended solid-state packing of these complexes produces 3D networks of radical π-stacking interactions that impart unexpected mechanical flexibility to these crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice J O Kessler
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Iram F Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Derek I Wozniak
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Mark C Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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Xu Y, Zhang H, Su H, Ma J, Yu H, Li K, Shi J, Hao XQ, Wang K, Song B, Wang M. Hourglass-Shaped Nanocages with Concaved Structures Based on Selective Self-Complementary Coordination Ligands and Tunable Hierarchical Self-Assembly. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300009. [PMID: 36964988 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) structures constructed via coordination-driven self-assemblies have recently garnered increasing attention due to the challenges in structural design and potential applications. In particular, developing new strategy for the convenient and precise self-assemblies of 3D supramolecular structures is of utmost interest. Introducing the concept of self-coordination ligands, herein the design and synthesis of two meta-modified terpyridyl ligands with selective self-complementary coordination moiety are reported and their capability to assemble into two hourglass-shaped nanocages SA and SB is demonstrated. Within these 3D structures, the meta-modified terpyridyl unit preferably coordinates with itself to serve as concave part. By changing the arm length of the ligands, hexamer (SA) and tetramer (SB) are obtained respectively. In-depth studies on the assembly mechanism of SA and SB indicate that the dimers could be formed first via self-complementary coordination and play crucial roles in controlling the final structures. Moreover, both SA and SB can go through hierarchical self-assemblies in solution as well as on solid-liquid interface, which are characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). It is further demonstrated that various higher-order assembly structures can be achieved by tuning the environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Haixin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Haoyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Kehuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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Yu X, Guo C, Lu S, Chen Z, Wang H, Li X. Terpyridine-Based 3D Discrete Metallosupramolecular Architectures. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200004. [PMID: 35167147 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Terpyridine (tpy)-based 3D discrete metallosupramolecular architectures, which are often inspired by polyhedral geometry and the biological structures found in nature, have drawn significant attention from the community of metallosupramolecular chemistry. Because of the linear tpy-M(II)-tpy connectivity, the creation of sophisticated 3D metallosupramolecules based on tpy remains a formidable synthetic challenge. Nevertheless, with recent advancement in ligand design and self-assembly, diverse 3D metallosupramolecular polyhedrons, such as Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prims as well as Johnson solids, have been constructed and their potential applications have been explored. This review summarizes the progress on tpy-based discrete 3D metallosupramolecules, aiming to shed more light on the design and construction of novel discrete architectures with molecular-level precision through coordination-driven self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.,Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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5
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Bai Q, Liu Y, Wu T, Su H, Chen G, Guan Y, Wang M, Xie T, Zhang Z, Wang P. Metal Ions Determined Self-Assembly Using Terpyridine Building Blocks. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00102k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the dynamic reversibility of coordination-driven force, the structures of metallo-cages are sensitive to many stimulus, including ligand geometry, temperature, concentration, anions, pH, light, and so on. Among them,...
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Shi J, Wang M. Self-Assembly Methods for Recently Reported Discrete Supramolecular Structures Based on Terpyridine. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:4037-4048. [PMID: 34672098 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this Review, self-assembly methods of discrete metallo-supramolecules based on 2,2' : 6',2''-terpyridine (tpy) are comprehensively summarized. With the development of self-assembly, strategies for discrete 2D and 3D supramolecular architectures have boomed, including the geometry-directed method, template-driven method, and stepwise method. Ligand geometry-directed method mainly depends on the geometry of ligands (i. e., angle, geometric strain, and rigidity), and it is suitable for dual-component systems, while the template-driven method can guide the self-assembly of predesigned supramolecules by the introduction of specific templates. Meanwhile, stepwise method, breaking the inherent self-sorting of ligands and reducing the probability of mismatch, is suitable for multicomponent systems to yield predesigned supramolecules. This review focuses on self-assembly methods and aims to provide a guideline for constructing supramolecular architectures using a suitable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjuan Shi
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
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Lloyd Williams OH, Rijs NJ. Reaction Monitoring and Structural Characterisation of Coordination Driven Self-Assembled Systems by Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. Front Chem 2021; 9:682743. [PMID: 34169059 PMCID: PMC8217442 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.682743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature creates exquisite molecular assemblies, required for the molecular-level functions of life, via self-assembly. Understanding and harnessing these complex processes presents an immense opportunity for the design and fabrication of advanced functional materials. However, the significant industrial potential of self-assembly to fabricate highly functional materials is hampered by a lack of knowledge of critical reaction intermediates, mechanisms, and kinetics. As we move beyond the covalent synthetic regime, into the domain of non-covalent interactions occupied by self-assembly, harnessing and embracing complexity is a must, and non-targeted analyses of dynamic systems are becoming increasingly important. Coordination driven self-assembly is an important subtype of self-assembly that presents several wicked analytical challenges. These challenges are "wicked" due the very complexity desired confounding the analysis of products, intermediates, and pathways, therefore limiting reaction optimisation, tuning, and ultimately, utility. Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry solves many of the most challenging analytical problems in separating and analysing the structure of both simple and complex species formed via coordination driven self-assembly. Thus, due to the emerging importance of ion mobility mass spectrometry as an analytical technique tackling complex systems, this review highlights exciting recent applications. These include equilibrium monitoring, structural and dynamic analysis of previously analytically inaccessible complex interlinked structures and the process of self-sorting. The vast and largely untapped potential of ion mobility mass spectrometry to coordination driven self-assembly is yet to be fully realised. Therefore, we also propose where current analytical approaches can be built upon to allow for greater insight into the complexity and structural dynamics involved in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole J. Rijs
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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8
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Wu T, Jiang Z, Xue X, Wang SC, Chen M, Wang J, Liu H, Yan J, Chan YT, Wang P. Molecular hexagram and octagram: Position determined 3D metallo-supermolecules and concentration-induced transformation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Polewski L, Springer A, Pagel K, Schalley CA. Gas-Phase Structural Analysis of Supramolecular Assemblies. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2445-2456. [PMID: 33900743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry and gas-phase IR action spectroscopy are two structure-sensitive mass-spectrometric methods becoming more popular recently. While ion mobility spectrometry provides collision cross sections as a size and shape dependent parameter of an ion of interest, gas-phase spectroscopy identifies functional groups and is capable of distinguishing different isomers. Both methods have recently found application for the investigation of supramolecular assemblies. We here highlight several aspects.Starting with the characterization of switching states in azobenzene photoswitches as well as redox-switchable lasso-type pseudorotaxanes, structures of isomers can be distinguished and mechanistic details analyzed. Ion mobility mass spectrometry in combination with gas-phase H/D-exchange reactions unravels subtle structural details as described for the chiral recognition of crown ether amino acid complexes. Gas-phase IR spectroscopy allows identification of details of the binding patterns in dimeric amino acid clusters as well as the serine octamer. This research can be extended into the analysis of peptide assemblies that are of medical relevance, for example, in Alzheimer's disease, and into a general hydrophobicity scale for natural as well as synthetic amino acids. The development of ultracold gas-phase spectroscopy that for example makes use of ions trapped in liquid helium droplets provides access to very well resolved spectra. The combination of ion mobility separation of ions with subsequent spectroscopic analysis even permits separation of different isomers and studying them separately with respect to their structure. This represents a great advantage of these gas-phase methods over solution experiments, in which the supramolecular complexes under study typically equilibrate and thus prevent a separate investigation of different isomers. At the end of this overview, we will discuss larger and more complex supramolecules, among them giant halogen-bonded cages and complex intertwined topologies such as molecular knots and Solomon links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Polewski
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20-22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Springer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20-22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20-22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20-22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Kumar A, Saha R, Mukherjee PS. Self-assembled metallasupramolecular cages towards light harvesting systems for oxidative cyclization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5319-5329. [PMID: 34163765 PMCID: PMC8179592 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00097g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing artificial light harvesting systems with the ability to utilize the output energy for fruitful application in aqueous medium is an intriguing topic for the development of clean and sustainable energy. We report here facile synthesis of three prismatic molecular cages as imminent supramolecular optoelectronic materials via two-component coordination-driven self-assembly of a new tetra-imidazole donor (L) in combination with 180°/120° di-platinum(ii) acceptors. Self-assembly of 180° trans-Pt(ii) acceptors A1 and A2 with L leads to the formation of cages Pt4 L 2(1a) and Pt8 L 2(2a) respectively, while 120°-Pt(ii) acceptor A3 with L gives the Pt8 L 2(3a) metallacage. PF6 - analogues (1b, 2b and 3b) of the metallacages possess a high molar extinction coefficient and large Stokes shift. 1b-3b are weakly emissive in dilute solution but showed aggregation induced emission (AIE) in a water/MeCN mixture as well as in the solid state. AIE active 2b and 3b in aqueous (90% water/MeCN mixture) medium act as donors for fabricating artificial light harvesting systems via Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) with organic dye rhodamine-B (RhB) with high energy efficiency and good antenna effect. The metallacages 2b and 3b represent an interesting platform to fabricate new generation supramolecular aqueous light harvesting systems with high antenna effect. Finally, the harvested energy of the LHSs (2b + RhB) and (3b + RhB) was utilized successfully for efficient visible light induced photo-oxidative cross coupling cyclization of N,N-dimethylaniline (4) with a series of N-alkyl/aryl maleimides (5) in aqueous acetonitrile with dramatic enhancement in yields compared to the reactions with RhB or cages alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Rupak Saha
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
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12
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Shi Y, Liu X, Han Y, Yan P, Bie F, Cao H. Synthesis of bi-halogenated spiropolycyclic cage compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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He L, Wang SC, Lin LT, Cai JY, Li L, Tu TH, Chan YT. Multicomponent Metallo-Supramolecular Nanocapsules Assembled from Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based Terpyridine Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7134-7144. [PMID: 32150683 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetrafunctionalized calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands commonly serve as supramolecular scaffolds for construction of coordination-driven self-assembled capsules. However, due to the calix-like shape, the structural diversity of assemblies is mostly restricted to dimeric and hexameric capsules. Previously, we reported a spontaneous heteroleptic complexation strategy based on a pair of self-recognizable terpyridine-based ligands and CdII ions. Building on this complementary ligand pairing system, herein three types of nanocapsules, including a dimeric capsule, a Sierpiński triangular prism, and a cubic star, could be readily obtained through dynamic complexation reactions between a tetratopic cavitand-based ligand and various multitopic counterparts in the presence of CdII ions. The dimeric capsular assemblies display the spacer-length-dependent self-sorting behavior in a four-component system. Moreover, the precise multicomponent self-assembly of a Sierpiński triangular prism and a cubic star possessing three and six cavitand-based motifs, respectively, demonstrates that such self-assembly methodology is able to efficiently enhance architectural complexity for calix[4]resorcinarene-containing metallo-supramolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng He
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lijie Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Jiang X, Zhou Z, Yang H, Shan C, Yu H, Wojtas L, Zhang M, Mao Z, Wang M, Stang PJ. Self-Assembly of Porphyrin-Containing Metalla-Assemblies and Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7380-7388. [PMID: 31961145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we describe the synthesis of two porphyrin-containing Pt(II) supramolecular assemblies via coordination-driven self-assembly. X-ray crystallographic analysis on one assembly reveals that the metalla-assembly formation imposes large interchromophore distances, leading to a higher 1O2 generation efficiency, relative to the corresponding small molecular precursors. The metalla-assemblies were examined as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy as the potential reduction of the unfavorable self-aggregation phenomenon. In vivo and in vitro investigations demonstrate that the metalla-assemblies exhibit enhanced anticancer activity with minimal dose requirement and side effects comparable to the small molecule precursors. Thus, our work demonstrates that self-assembly provides a promising methodology for enhancing the therapeutic effectiveness of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Huang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Makarov AS, Uchuskin MG, Hashmi ASK. Intramolecular azavinyl carbene-triggered rearrangement of furans. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8583-8588. [PMID: 31803433 PMCID: PMC6839507 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An intramolecular rhodium-catalyzed reaction of 1-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles with furans has been explored. The tosylimino functionality was found to play a significant chemical role participating in the subsequent domino-transformations of a key reaction intermediate. One of the reaction pathways leads to valuable 2-formyl- and 2-acetylpyridine building blocks, which could be obtained in one-pot starting from easily accessible (furan-2-ylmethyl)propargyl amines. An original method for the synthesis of highly functionalized indolizines from the obtained pyridines has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton S Makarov
- Department of Chemistry , Perm State University , Bukireva 15 , 614990 Perm , Russia .
| | - Maxim G Uchuskin
- Department of Chemistry , Perm State University , Bukireva 15 , 614990 Perm , Russia .
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- Chemistry Department , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia .
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16
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Chen YS, Solel E, Huang YF, Wang CL, Tu TH, Keinan E, Chan YT. Chemical mimicry of viral capsid self-assembly via corannulene-based pentatopic tectons. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3443. [PMID: 31371724 PMCID: PMC6671967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of twelve pentatopic tectons, which have complementary edges or can be linked using either digonal or trigonal connectors, represents the optimal synthetic strategy to achieve spherical objects, such as chemical capsids. This process requires conditions that secure uninterrupted equilibria of binding and self-correction en route to the global energy minimum. Here we report the synthesis of a highly soluble, deca-heterosubstituted corannulene that bears five terpyridine ligands. Spontaneous self-assembly of twelve such tectons with 30 cadmium(II) cations produces a giant icosahedral capsid as a thermodynamically stable single product in high yield. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, mass spectrometry analyses, small-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy indicate that this spherical capsid has an external diameter of nearly 6 nm and shell thickness of 1 nm, in agreement with molecular modeling. NMR and liquid chromatography evidences imply that chiral self-sorting complexation generates a racemic mixture of homochiral capsids. The icosahedron, as the polyhedron closest in symmetry to the sphere, is one of the most compelling Platonic solids for chemists to construct. Here, the authors assemble a supramolecular icosahedron from twelve pentatopic corannulene-based tectons, a strategy that was proposed over a decade ago but only now synthetically realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ephrath Solel
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion city, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yi-Fan Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ehud Keinan
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion city, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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17
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Kennedy ADW, de Haas N, Iranmanesh H, Luis ET, Shen C, Wang P, Price JR, Donald WA, Andréasson J, Huang F, Beves JE. Diastereoselective Control of Tetraphenylethene Reactivity by Metal Template Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2019; 25:5708-5718. [PMID: 30775812 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 4,4',4'',4'''-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetraaniline with 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde and iron(II) chloride resulted, after aqueous workup, in the diastereoselective formation of an [Fe2 L3 ]4+ triple-stranded helicate structure, irrespective of the stoichiometry employed. The helicate structure was characterized in solution by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The reaction of iron(II) tetrafluoroborate or iron(II) bistriflimide with the tetraaniline and 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde allowed the formation of an [Fe8 L6 ]16+ cube when the appropriate stoichiometry was used, but these structures were unstable with respect to hydrolysis. The pendant amine groups on the helicate can be functionalized by reaction with acid chlorides or anhydrides, and the resulting functionalized tetraphenylethene (TPE) units were isolated by the reaction of the helicate with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine. The emission properties of the TPE units were studied in THF/water mixtures, and they were found by dynamic light scattering to self-assemble into large (av. diameter 250 nm) structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ena T Luis
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chao Shen
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Pi Wang
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jason R Price
- ANSTO-Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | | | - Joakim Andréasson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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18
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Wei C, He Y, Shi X, Song Z. Terpyridine-metal complexes: Applications in catalysis and supramolecular chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2019; 385:1-19. [PMID: 30962650 PMCID: PMC6450557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As an NNN-tridentate ligand, the 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine plays an important role in coordination chemistry. With three coordination sites and low LUMO, terpyridine and its derivatives are one of the typical Pincer ligand and/or non-innocent ligands in transition metal catalysis. Interesting catalytic reactivities have been obtained with these tpy-metal complexes targeting some challenging transformations, such as C-C bond formation and hydrofunctionalization. On the other hand, terpyridine ligands can form "closed-shell" octahedral complexes, which provide a linear and stable linkage in supramolecular chemistry. Numerous supramolecular architectures have been achieved using modified terpyridine ligands including Sierpiński triangles, hexagonal gasket and supramolecular rosettes. This review presents a summary of recent progress regarding transition metal-terpyridine complexes with the focus on their applications in catalysis and supramolecular structure construction. Facile synthesis of terpyridine derivatives is also described. We hope this article can serve to provide some general perspectives of the terpyridine ligand and their applications in coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyu Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620 FL, USA
| | - Ying He
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620 FL, USA
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33620 FL, USA
| | - Zhiguang Song
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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19
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Ebbert KE, Schneider L, Platzek A, Drechsler C, Chen B, Rudolf R, Clever GH. Resolution of minor size differences in a family of heteroleptic coordination cages by trapped ion mobility ESI-MS. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11070-11075. [PMID: 31251313 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01814j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a complex system of heteroleptic coordination cages based on the combination of four bis-monodentate ligands whose backbones only slightly differ in shape and length. cis-[Pd2L2L'2] assemblies cleanly form after addition of PdII cations to a 1 : 1 mixture of two shape-complementary ligands, each. When three or even all four ligands are used in combination, the unambiguous discrimination of all individual species in the product mixture becomes difficult by conventional NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric methods. Due to steric constraints, the system is restricted to the formation of ten different coordination cages in total, two of which are isomeric. We show that high-resolution trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry (TIMS) allows the clear differentiation of all ten species. Observed size trends could be readily reproduced by the calculation of theoretical values for collisional cross sections (CCS) from geometry-optimized models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina E Ebbert
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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20
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Jiang Z, Wu T, Wang SC, Chen M, Zhao H, Chan YT, Wang P. Metallaoctahedron Derived from the Self-Assembly of Tetranuclear Metal-Organic Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:35-38. [PMID: 30570253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Construction of 3D terpyridine-based metallopolyhedra remains challenging because of the linear coordination geometry of ⟨tpy-MII-tpy⟩ connectivity. A progressive strategy is made by assembling tetranuclear terpyridyl metal-organic ligands to afford a novel regular octahedron, whose structure was established by NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, traveling-wave ion-mobility mass spectrometry, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. This strategy provides an efficient method for the construction of 3D terpyridine-based metallopolyhedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University (CSU) , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Tun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay , Guangzhou University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Shi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University (CSU) , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University (CSU) , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Central South University (CSU) , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China.,Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay , Guangzhou University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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21
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Kalenius E, Groessl M, Rissanen K. Ion mobility–mass spectrometry of supramolecular complexes and assemblies. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Warzok U, Marianski M, Hoffmann W, Turunen L, Rissanen K, Pagel K, Schalley CA. Surprising solvent-induced structural rearrangements in large [N···I +···N] halogen-bonded supramolecular capsules: an ion mobility-mass spectrometry study. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8343-8351. [PMID: 30542581 PMCID: PMC6243472 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03040e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinative halogen bonds have recently gained interest for the assembly of supramolecular capsules. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations now reveal the well-defined gas-phase structures of dimeric and hexameric [N···I+···N] halogen-bonded capsules with counterions located inside their cavities as guests. The solution reactivity of the large hexameric capsule shows the intriguing solvent-dependent equilibrium between the hexamer and an unprecedented pentameric [N···I+···N] halogen-bonded capsule, when the solvent is changed from chloroform to dichloromethane. The intrinsic flexibility of the cavitands enables this novel structure to adopt a pseudo-trigonal bipyramidal geometry with nine [N···I+···N] bonds along the edges and two pyridine binding sites uncomplexed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Mateusz Marianski
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Waldemar Hoffmann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Lotta Turunen
- Department of Chemistry , NanoScience Center , University of Jyväskylä , P. O. Box 35 , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry , NanoScience Center , University of Jyväskylä , P. O. Box 35 , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
- School of Life Sciences , Northwestern Polytechnical University , 127 Youyi Xilu , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710072 , P. R. China
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23
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McPherson JN, Das B, Colbran SB. Tridentate pyridine–pyrrolide chelate ligands: An under-appreciated ligand set with an immensely promising coordination chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Wang JF, Huang LY, Bu JH, Li SY, Qin S, Xu YW, Liu JM, Su CY. A fluorescent calixarene-based dimeric capsule constructed via a M II-terpyridine interaction: cage structure, inclusion properties and drug release. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22530-22535. [PMID: 35539710 PMCID: PMC9081444 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02146e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two analogues of capsule-like fluorescent cages have been constructed by dimerization of terpyridine-containing calixarene derivatives utilizing a MII–terpyridine (M = Zn and Cd) interaction. 1H NMR spectral studies show that the self-assembled molecular capsules Zn4L12 and Cd4L12 have a highly symmetrical D4h-structure. The encapsulation of the anticancer drug mercaptopurine in their cavities has been documented by NMR, ESI-TOF-MS, fluorescence switching, and molecular simulation, indicating that strong S–π and π–π interactions between drug and cage are of importance for the host–guest binding. The nanoscale cages exhibit excellent behaviors to control the release of mercaptopurine in phosphate buffered saline solution (pH = 7.4). These results further highlight the potential of self-assembled Zn4L12 cages for drug-carrier applications. A fluorescent calixarene-based dimeric capsule has been constructed via a MII–terpyridine interaction, and can capture mercaptopurine in solution and crystalline state and control drug release in PBS accompanied with fluorescence recovery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fang Wang
- Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 100038 China
| | - Li-Yuan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jian-Hua Bu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Shao-Yong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Su Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yao-Wei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jun-Min Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Cheng-Yong Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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25
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Wang SY, Huang JY, Liang YP, He YJ, Chen YS, Zhan YY, Hiraoka S, Liu YH, Peng SM, Chan YT. Multicomponent Self-Assembly of Metallo-Supramolecular Macrocycles and Cages through Dynamic Heteroleptic Terpyridine Complexation. Chemistry 2018; 24:9274-9284. [PMID: 29714039 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous formation of the heteroleptic cadmium(II) bis(terpyridine) complex under ambient conditions can be achieved by a combination of 6,6''-di(2,6-dimethoxylphenyl)-substituted and unsubstituted terpyridine-based ligands. Building on this dynamic heteroleptic complexation, diverse metallo-supramolecular macrocycles and cages were readily assembled in quantitative yields from the predesigned multicomponent systems. The complementary ligation reinforced self-recognition to facilitate the shape-dependent self-sorting of a four-component dynamic library into two well-defined parallelograms. In addition, the subtle lability difference between homoleptic and heteroleptic complexes led to the site-selective CdII -ZnII transmetalation in the Sierpiński triangle. Facile construction of a dodecanuclear tetrahedral metallocage was also realized by using two self-recognizable tritopic building blocks. The photophysical study of the metallo-supramolecules assembled from the d10 metal ions revealed intense ligand-based photoluminescence in solution. The self-assembly strategy described here provides an efficient methodology for building pre-programmable, sophisticated supramolecular architectures furnished with photoactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Yang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Peng Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Jui He
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yang Zhan
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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26
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Yu H, Wang J, Guo X, Zhang R, He C, Duan C. Diversity of metal-organic macrocycles assembled from carbazole based ligands with different lengths. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4040-4044. [PMID: 29473087 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00252e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of carbazole based ligands with different lengths were assembled with nickel ions to construct metal-organic macrocycles. High-resolution mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry have been used to analyse the resulting MnLn assembly coexisting in solution. Combining with the structural analysis of their solid confirmation, it was revealed that the diversity of the metal-organic macrocycles was increased with the flexibility of the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116012, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116012, China.
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116012, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116012, China.
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116012, China.
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116012, China.
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27
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Chen M, Wang J, Liu D, Jiang Z, Liu Q, Wu T, Liu H, Yu W, Yan J, Wang P. Highly Stable Spherical Metallo-Capsule from a Branched Hexapodal Terpyridine and Its Self-Assembled Berry-type Nanostructure. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2555-2561. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhao Chen
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Die Liu
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Tun Wu
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Haisheng Liu
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department of Organic and
Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
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28
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Chakraborty S, Endres KJ, Bera R, Wojtas L, Moorefield CN, Saunders MJ, Das N, Wesdemiotis C, Newkome GR. Concentration dependent supramolecular interconversions of triptycene-based cubic, prismatic, and tetrahedral structures. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14189-14194. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New insight into the molecular fission–fusion process is obtained with the characterization of a stable intermediate prismatic cage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ranajit Bera
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 801106
- India
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa
- USA
| | | | - Mary Jane Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences
- Florida Atlantic University
- Boca Raton
- USA
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna 801106
- India
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Departments of Polymer Science
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
- Departments of Chemistry
| | - George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
- Departments of Chemistry
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29
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Liu D, Liu H, Song B, Chen M, Huang J, Wang J, Yang X, Sun W, Li X, Wang P. Terpyridine-based metallo-organic cages and supramolecular gelation by coordination-driven self-assembly and host–guest interaction. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14227-14232. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dimetallo-cages connected with dialkylammonium salts via host–guest interactions resulted in thermodynamic polymer metallo-gels.
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30
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Chakraborty S, Newkome GR. Terpyridine-based metallosupramolecular constructs: tailored monomers to precise 2D-motifs and 3D-metallocages. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3991-4016. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00030a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive summary of the recent developments in the growing field of terpyridine-based, discrete metallosupramolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George R. Newkome
- Department of Polymer Science
- University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
- Departments of Chemistry
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31
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Wu T, Chen YS, Chen M, Liu Q, Xue X, Shen Y, Wang J, Huang H, Chan YT, Wang P. Metallo-Organic Ligand Designing Road for Constructing the First-Generation Dendritic Metallotriangle. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:4065-4071. [PMID: 28333445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three approaches have been carefully examined in order to develop a terpyridine-based dendritic metallotriangle: (1) direct self-assembly of two types of organic polyterpyridines with metal ions; (2) assembly of flexible metallo-organic ligands containing two uncomplexed free terpyridines with a possible 60°-V-shaped orientation; (3) assembly of functionalized metallotriangles possessing a fixed 60°-bent uncoordinated bisterpyridine. Only the third approach has successfully given rise to the desired first-generation dendritic metallotriangle. Structural characterization was accomplished by NMR, ESI-TWIM-MS, and AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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32
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Wu T, Yuan J, Song B, Chen YS, Chen M, Xue X, Liu Q, Wang J, Chan YT, Wang P. Stepwise self-assembly of a discrete molecular honeycomb using a multitopic metallo-organic ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6732-6735. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A molecular bismetallo-hexagon and a honeycomb fractal have been assembled with multiple tpy-M2+-tpy connectivities. The key metallo-organic ligand was created by a reaction on complex strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa
- USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Pingshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
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33
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34
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Li Y, Jiang Z, Wang M, Yuan J, Liu D, Yang X, Chen M, Yan J, Li X, Wang P. Giant, Hollow 2D Metalloarchitecture: Stepwise Self-Assembly of a Hexagonal Supramolecular Nut. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10041-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science, Engineering,
and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Die Liu
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhao Chen
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science, Engineering,
and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department
of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
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35
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Liu D, Yang X, Li Y, Wang P. Metal-exchangeable macrocycles: from a bismetallo–Ru2/Zn triangle to a Ru2/Fe triangular assembly. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2513-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08460a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru2/Zn and Ru2/Fe based bismetallo–organic triangles had been prepared from a predesigned metallo–organic ligand possessing two uncomplexed free terpyridines. A quantitative coordination constant controlled metallo-transformation from a Ru2Zn to a Ru2Fe triangle had been established through an in situ site to site procedure at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Liu
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- China
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Department of Organic and Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- China
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36
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Fowler JM, Thorp-Greenwood FL, Warriner SL, Willans CE, Hardie MJ. M12L8 metallo-supramolecular cube with cyclotriguaiacylene-type ligand: spontaneous resolution of cube and its constituent host ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8699-702. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04130b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
(±)-Tris-(4-methylthiazolyl)cyclotriguaiacylene forms chirally resolved clathrate complexes and self-assembles with Ag(i) to form a homochiral cubic coordination cage with spontaneous resolution.
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37
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Progress in Heterocyclic Metallosupramolecular Construction. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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38
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Liu D, Jiang Z, Wang M, Yang X, Liu H, Chen M, Moorefield CN, Newkome GR, Li X, Wang P. 3D helical and 2D rhomboidal supramolecules: stepwise self-assembly and dynamic transformation of terpyridine-based metallo-architectures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9773-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04482d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
New routes to 2D and 3D rhomboids show promise for complex materials construction.
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39
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Wang YC, Liang YP, Cai JY, He YJ, Lee YH, Chan YT. Metal ion-modulated self-assembly of pseudo-suit[3]anes using crown ether-based terpyridine metalloprisms. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12622-12625. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07452a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The host–guest inclusion rates of two metallo-supramolecular pseudo-suit[3]anes are modulated by metal–terpyridine interactions in the metallo-suits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chi Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Yen-Peng Liang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Yun-Jui He
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
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40
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Liang YP, He YJ, Lee YH, Chan YT. Self-assembly of triangular metallomacrocycles using unsymmetrical bisterpyridine ligands: isomer differentiation via TWIM mass spectrometry. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5139-45. [PMID: 25677092 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three unsymmetrical, 60°-bended bisterpyridine ligands with varying phenylene spacer lengths have been synthesized via the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. Their self-assembly processes were found to be strongly dependent on the ligand geometry. Upon complexation with Zn(II) ions, only 2,4''-di(4'-terpyridinyl)-1,1':4',1''-terphenyl underwent self-selection to give a trinuclear metallomacrocycle with perfect heteroleptic connectivity and the other two afforded a mixture of constitutional isomers. The metallosupramolecular assemblies were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI MS), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In particular, the identification of isomeric architecture was accomplished using tandem mass spectrometry (MS(2)) coupled with traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry (TWIM MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Peng Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan.
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41
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Xie T, Guo K, Guo Z, Gao W, Wojtas L, Ning G, Huang M, Lu X, Li J, Liao S, Chen Y, Moorefield CN, Saunders MJ, Cheng SZD, Wesdemiotis C, Newkome GR. Precise Molecular Fission and Fusion: Quantitative Self‐Assembly and Chemistry of a Metallo‐Cuboctahedron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting‐Zheng Xie
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Zaihong Guo
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Wen‐Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620 (USA)
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620 (USA)
| | - Guo‐Hong Ning
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo (Japan)
| | - Mingjun Huang
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Xiaocun Lu
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Jing‐Yi Li
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Sheng‐Yun Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384 (China)
| | - Yu‐Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439 (USA)
| | | | - Mary Jane Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 (USA)
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - George R. Newkome
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
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42
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Xie TZ, Guo K, Guo Z, Gao WY, Wojtas L, Ning GH, Huang M, Lu X, Li JY, Liao SY, Chen YS, Moorefield CN, Saunders MJ, Cheng SZD, Wesdemiotis C, Newkome GR. Precise Molecular Fission and Fusion: Quantitative Self-Assembly and Chemistry of a Metallo-Cuboctahedron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9224-9. [PMID: 26094872 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Inspiration for molecular design and construction can be derived from mathematically based structures. In the quest for new materials, the adaptation of new building blocks can lead to unexpected results. Towards these ends, the quantitative single-step self-assembly of a shape-persistent, Archimedean-based building block, which generates the largest molecular sphere (a cuboctahedron) that has been unequivocally characterized by synchrotron X-ray analysis, is described. The unique properties of this new construct give rise to a dilution-based transformation into two identical spheres (octahedra) each possessing one half of the molecular weight of the parent structure; concentration of this octahedron reconstitutes the original cuboctahedron. These chemical phenomena are reminiscent of biological fission and fusion processes. The large 6 nm cage structure was further analyzed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and collision cross-section analysis. New routes to molecular encapsulation can be envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Zheng Xie
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Zaihong Guo
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Wen-Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620 (USA)
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620 (USA)
| | - Guo-Hong Ning
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo (Japan)
| | - Mingjun Huang
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Xiaocun Lu
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Sheng-Yun Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384 (China)
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439 (USA)
| | | | - Mary Jane Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 (USA)
| | - Stephen Z D Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA)
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA).
| | - George R Newkome
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44256 (USA).
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43
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Cook TR, Stang PJ. Recent Developments in the Preparation and Chemistry of Metallacycles and Metallacages via Coordination. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7001-45. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5005666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1299] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Cook
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 359 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E. Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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44
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Wei J, Li ZM, Jin XJ, Yao XJ, Cao XP, Chow HF, Kuck D. Versatile Syntheses of Hemi-Cryptophanes and a Metallo-Cryptophane from a Hexa-FunctionalizedC3v-Symmetrical Tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) Derivative. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1150-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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45
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Nagarajaprakash R, Ashok Kumar C, Mobin SM, Manimaran B. Multicomponent Self-Assembly of Thiolato- and Selenato-Bridged Ester-Functionalized Rhenium(I)-Based Trigonal Metallaprisms: Synthesis and Structural Characterization. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om501005n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Nagarajaprakash
- Department
of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Chowan Ashok Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Single
Crystal X-ray Diffraction Facility, SIC, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 452017, India
| | - Bala. Manimaran
- Department
of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
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46
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Qi Z, Heinrich T, Moorthy S, Schalley CA. Gas-phase chemistry of molecular containers. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:515-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00167b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of mass spectrometry for the investigation of supramolecular capsules and containers in solution and the gas-phase is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Qi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Thomas Heinrich
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Suresh Moorthy
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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47
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Yang J, Bhadbhade M, Donald WA, Iranmanesh H, Moore EG, Yan H, Beves JE. Self-assembled supramolecular cages containing ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4465-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10292d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Substitution-inert, redox- and photo-active ruthenium(ii) complexes based on 2,2′,6′,2′′-terpyridine ligands were self-assembled into discrete supramolecular cages via coordination to palladium(ii) centres and characterised by NMR, ESI-MS and X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- The University of New South Wales (UNSW)
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - William A. Donald
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales (UNSW)
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Hasti Iranmanesh
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales (UNSW)
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Evan G. Moore
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Jonathon E. Beves
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
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48
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Laramée-Milette B, Lachance-Brais C, Hanan GS. Synthesis of discrete Re(i) di- and tricarbonyl assemblies using a [4 × 1] directional bonding strategy. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:41-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Discrete assembly of two Re(i) squares was achieved by a simple [4 × 1] strategy where the complexes, [Re(4-pytpy-κ2N)(CO)3Br] and [Re(4-pytpy-κ3N)(CO)2Br], act as their own ligands. The properties of the assemblies and their precursors are described along with solid-state X-ray diffraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Garry S. Hanan
- Départment de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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49
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Li Y, Jiang Z, Yuan J, Liu D, Wu T, Moorefield CN, Newkome GR, Wang P. Facile thermodynamic conversion of a linear metallopolymer into a self-assembled hexameric metallomacrocycle. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5766-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10361k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A dimetallo-macrocyclic hexamer has been quantitatively synthesized by the thermal disassembly/reassembly of a heteronuclear polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Zhilong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Die Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Tun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
| | - Charles N. Moorefield
- Departments of Polymer Science
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Chemistry
- The University of Akron
- Akron
| | - George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science
- Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Chemistry
- The University of Akron
- Akron
| | - Pingshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha-410083
- P. R. China
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50
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Lu X, Li X, Guo K, Xie TZ, Moorefield CN, Wesdemiotis C, Newkome GR. Probing a hidden world of molecular self-assembly: concentration-dependent, three-dimensional supramolecular interconversions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:18149-55. [PMID: 25470035 DOI: 10.1021/ja511341z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A terpyridine-based, concentration-dependent, facile self-assembly process is reported, resulting in two three-dimensional metallosupramolecular architectures, a bis-rhombus and a tetrahedron, which are formed using a two-dimensional, planar, tris-terpyridine ligand. The interconversion between these two structures is concentration-dependent: at a concentration higher than 12 mg mL(-1), only a bis-rhombus, composed of eight ligands and 12 Cd(2+) ions, is formed; whereas a self-assembled tetrahedron, composed of four ligands and six Cd(2+) ions, appears upon sufficient dilution of the tris-terpyridine-metal solution. At concentrations less than 0.5 mg mL(-1), only the tetrahedron possessing an S4 symmetry axis is detected; upon attempted isolation, it quantitatively reverts to the bis-rhombus. This observation opens an unexpected door to unusual chemical pathways under high dilution conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocun Lu
- Departments of †Polymer Science and ‡Chemistry, The University of Akron , 170 University Cr., Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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