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Chen ZT, Lee BS, Tu TH, Chan YT, Chang CC. Covalent bonding of quaternary ammonium compounds and zwitterionic polymer functional layers on polydimethylsiloxane against Escherichia Coli adhesion. J Biomater Appl 2024; 38:772-783. [PMID: 38058117 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231219063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are recognized by the World Health Organization as a useful disinfectant against microbes. The synergistic effect of zwitterionic polymers with QACs as antimicrobial agents rather than QACs alone is yet to be investigated. A potential strategy is the use of covalent bonding to halt the release of minute antibacterials and a hierarchy of functional layers to detain and annihilate microbes. The strategy was tested on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface on which quaternized poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (qDMA+) and sulfobetaine (SBMA) were hierarchically functionalized. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the quaternization of DMA to qDMA+, grafting of qDMA + on PDMS (PDMS-qDMA+), and grafting of the SBMA overlayer on PDMS-qDMA+ (PDMS-qDMA+-SB). Contact angle measurement showed that PDMS-qDMA + exhibited the lowest contact angle (26.2 ± 2.9°) compared with the hydrophobic PDMS (115.2 ± 1.6°), but that of PDMSqDMA+-SB increased to 56.3 ± 1.3°. The Escherichia coli survival count revealed that PDMS-qDMA+ and PDMS-qDMA+-SB exhibited significantly greater bactericidal ability than PDMS. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed fewer dead bacteria on PDMS-qDMA+-SB than on PDMS-qDMA+. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that E. coli was disintegrated on the functionalized surface via dual-end cell lysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first observation of this type of process. The results confirmed the potent antibacterial and cell disruption activities of the qDMA+ and SBMA modified PDMS surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ti Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shiunn Lee
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan Universityand National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chen Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu WN, Tu TH, Pai CH, Cheng KH, Tung SH, Chan YT, Liu CL. Metallo-Supramolecular Rod–Coil Block Copolymer Thin Films for Stretchable Organic Field Effect Transistor Application. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ni Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Hsuan Pai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Heng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
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Chu JY, Lin CY, Tu TH, Hong SH, Chang YY, Yang CW, Chan YT, Liu CL, Komarov PV, Tung SH. Methyl-Branched Side Chains on Polythiophene Suppress Chain Mobility and Crystallization to Enhance Photovoltaic Performance. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Chu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lin
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Huan Hong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ying Chang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pavel V. Komarov
- Tver State University, Tver 170100 Russia
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Tu TH, Sakurai T, Seki S, Ishida Y, Chan YT. Towards Macroscopically Anisotropic Functionality: Oriented Metallo-supramolecular Polymeric Materials Induced by Magnetic Fields. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1923-1928. [PMID: 33051951 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Based on the predesigned self-selective complexation, metallo-supramolecular P3HT-b-PEO diblock copolymers with varying block ratios were synthesized, and their oriented polymer films generated during solvent evaporation in a 9 T magnetic field were investigated. An anisotropic, ordered layer structure was achieved using [P3HT20 -Zn-PEO107 ] and carefully characterized by polarized optical microscopy (POM), AFM, polarized UV/Vis spectroscopy, and GI-SAXS/WAXS. The PEO-removed [P3HT20 -Zn-PEO107 ] film was obtained after decomplexation with TEA-EDTA under mild conditions, and the selective removal of PEO domains was evidenced by UV/Vis and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Anisotropic photoconductivity of the magnetically aligned film was evaluated by flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity (FP-TRMC) measurements. The results indicated that the presence of insulating crystalline PEO segments diminished the photoconductivity along the P3HT backbone direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishida
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Tu TH, Chan YT. Synthesis of Terpyridine End-Modified Polystyrenes through ATRP for Facile Construction of Metallo-Supramolecular P3HT- b-PS Diblock Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2842. [PMID: 33260312 PMCID: PMC7760035 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Complementary complexation between 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (tpy) and 6,6″-dianthracenyl-substituted tpy in the presence of Zn(II) ions provided an efficient strategy for construction of metallo-supramolecular diblock copolymers. To synthesize well-defined tpy-modified polystyrenes (PSs), an Fe(II) bis(tpy) complex bearing α-bromoester as a metallo-initiator was applied to atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to avoid poisoning the Cu(I) catalyst. Subsequently, a series of tpy-functionalized PSs was obtained after the decomplexation of junction by tetrakis(triethylammonium) ethylenediaminetetraacetate (TEA-EDTA) under mild conditions. The metallo-supramolecular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-block-PS diblock copolymers were prepared by simply mixing the corresponding terminally tpy-modified homopolymers with Zn(II) ions, and further characterized by 1H NMR and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) experiments. The approach using metallo-initiators for ATRP offers an opportunity to construct tpy-functionalized polymers with controllable molecular weights and low polydispersities. Through the spontaneous heteroleptic complexation, a variety of metallo-supramolecular diblock copolymers with tunable block ratios can be easily constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
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He L, Wang SC, Lin LT, Cai JY, Li L, Tu TH, Chan YT. Multicomponent Metallo-Supramolecular Nanocapsules Assembled from Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based Terpyridine Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7134-7144. [PMID: 32150683 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetrafunctionalized calix[4]resorcinarene cavitands commonly serve as supramolecular scaffolds for construction of coordination-driven self-assembled capsules. However, due to the calix-like shape, the structural diversity of assemblies is mostly restricted to dimeric and hexameric capsules. Previously, we reported a spontaneous heteroleptic complexation strategy based on a pair of self-recognizable terpyridine-based ligands and CdII ions. Building on this complementary ligand pairing system, herein three types of nanocapsules, including a dimeric capsule, a Sierpiński triangular prism, and a cubic star, could be readily obtained through dynamic complexation reactions between a tetratopic cavitand-based ligand and various multitopic counterparts in the presence of CdII ions. The dimeric capsular assemblies display the spacer-length-dependent self-sorting behavior in a four-component system. Moreover, the precise multicomponent self-assembly of a Sierpiński triangular prism and a cubic star possessing three and six cavitand-based motifs, respectively, demonstrates that such self-assembly methodology is able to efficiently enhance architectural complexity for calix[4]resorcinarene-containing metallo-supramolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng He
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lijie Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Chen YS, Solel E, Huang YF, Wang CL, Tu TH, Keinan E, Chan YT. Chemical mimicry of viral capsid self-assembly via corannulene-based pentatopic tectons. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3443. [PMID: 31371724 PMCID: PMC6671967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of twelve pentatopic tectons, which have complementary edges or can be linked using either digonal or trigonal connectors, represents the optimal synthetic strategy to achieve spherical objects, such as chemical capsids. This process requires conditions that secure uninterrupted equilibria of binding and self-correction en route to the global energy minimum. Here we report the synthesis of a highly soluble, deca-heterosubstituted corannulene that bears five terpyridine ligands. Spontaneous self-assembly of twelve such tectons with 30 cadmium(II) cations produces a giant icosahedral capsid as a thermodynamically stable single product in high yield. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, mass spectrometry analyses, small-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy indicate that this spherical capsid has an external diameter of nearly 6 nm and shell thickness of 1 nm, in agreement with molecular modeling. NMR and liquid chromatography evidences imply that chiral self-sorting complexation generates a racemic mixture of homochiral capsids. The icosahedron, as the polyhedron closest in symmetry to the sphere, is one of the most compelling Platonic solids for chemists to construct. Here, the authors assemble a supramolecular icosahedron from twelve pentatopic corannulene-based tectons, a strategy that was proposed over a decade ago but only now synthetically realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ephrath Solel
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion city, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yi-Fan Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ehud Keinan
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion city, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Tu TH, Huang KL, Bai YM, Hsu JW, Su TP, Li CT, Tsai SJ, Lin WC, Chen TJ, Chen MH. Exposure to Second-Generation Antipsychotics and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Nationwide Study in Taiwan. J Clin Psychiatry 2019; 80. [PMID: 30840789 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.18m12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been well investigated in adults. However, T2DM risk has been less examined among adolescents with SGA exposure, and the risk remains uncertain in this population. METHODS A total of 91,185 adolescents and young adults within the Taiwan National Health Insurance system who were exposed to SGAs were enrolled into this study between 2000 and 2011.The patients were divided into 4 subgroups on the basis of cumulative defined daily doses (cDDDs) of SGAs taken by them in the study period: < 30 cDDDs, 30-179 cDDDs, 180-364 cDDDs, and ≥ 365 cDDDs. Those who developed T2DM (ICD-9-CM) during follow-up, which was the period from enrollment to the end of 2011, were identified. RESULTS Compared with those in the < 30 cDDD group, adolescents and young adults in the 30-179, 180-364, and ≥ 365 cDDD groups exhibited a high risk of T2DM in later life that increased dose dependently (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.15, 95% CI, 0.98-1.34; HR = 1.54, 95% CI, 1.28-1.84; HR = 1.91, 95% CI, 1.67-2.18, respectively) after adjustment for demographic data, medical comorbidities, and psychiatric disorders. DISCUSSION Our study results showed a significant relationship between SGA exposure and T2DM risk among adolescents and young adults. These results raise further concern about the use of SGAs in pediatric populations, and on the basis of these results, clinicians should monitor the metabolic condition of their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Wei Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd, Sec. 2, 11217, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Tu
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Lam E Chan
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,2 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang KH, Tu TH, Wang SC, Chan YT, Hsu CC. Micelles Protect Intact Metallo-supramolecular Block Copolymer Complexes from Solution to Gas Phase during Electrospray Ionization. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7691-7699. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hung Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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He YJ, Tu TH, Su MK, Yang CW, Kong KV, Chan YT. Facile Construction of Metallo-supramolecular Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-Poly(ethylene oxide) Diblock Copolymers via Complementary Coordination and Their Self-Assembled Nanostructures. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4218-4224. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jui He
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kun Su
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kien Voon Kong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Tu TH, Hoeffel JC. [Medical organization in Vietnam]. J Radiol 1994; 75:407-8. [PMID: 8083860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T H Tu
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital 115, Hochiminh-Ville, Vietnam
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