1
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Scaringi S, Leforestier B, Mazet C. Remote Functionalization by Pd-Catalyzed Isomerization of Alkynyl Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18606-18615. [PMID: 38941513 PMCID: PMC11240579 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, progress has been made in the development of catalytic methods that allow remote functionalizations based on alkene isomerization. In contrast, protocols based on alkyne isomerization are comparatively rare. Herein, we report a general Pd-catalyzed long-range isomerization of alkynyl alcohols. Starting from aryl-, heteroaryl-, or alkyl-substituted precursors, the optimized system provides access preferentially to the thermodynamically more stable α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and is compatible with potentially sensitive functional groups. We showed that the migration of both π-components of the carbon-carbon triple bond can be sustained over several methylene units. Computational investigations served to shed light on the key elementary steps responsible for the reactivity and selectivity. These include an unorthodox phosphine-assisted deprotonation rather than a more conventional β-hydride elimination in the final tautomerization event.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clément Mazet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Lin A, Lee S, Knowles RR. Organic Synthesis Away from Equilibrium: Contrathermodynamic Transformations Enabled by Excited-State Electron Transfer. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1827-1838. [PMID: 38905487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusChemists have long been inspired by biological photosynthesis, wherein a series of excited-state electron transfer (ET) events facilitate the conversion of low energy starting materials such as H2O and CO2 into higher energy products in the form of carbohydrates and O2. While this model for utilizing light-driven charge transfer to drive catalytic reactions thermodynamically "uphill" has been extensively adapted for small molecule activation, molecular machines, photoswitches, and solar fuel chemistry, its application in organic synthesis has been less systematically developed. However, the potential benefits of these approaches are significant, both in enabling transformations that cannot be readily achieved using conventional thermal chemistry and in accessing distinct selectivity regimes that are uniquely enabled by excited-state mechanisms. In this Account, we present work from our group that highlights the ability of visible light photoredox catalysis to drive useful organic transformations away from their equilibrium positions, addressing a number of long-standing synthetic challenges.We first discuss how excited-state ET enabled the first general methods for the catalytic anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with alkyl amines. In these reactions, an excited-state iridium(III) photocatalyst reversibly oxidizes secondary amine substrates to their corresponding aminium radical cations (ARCs). These electrophilic N-centered radicals can then react with olefins to furnish valuable tertiary amine products with complete anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity. Notably, some of these products are less thermodynamically stable than their corresponding amine and alkene starting materials. We next present a strategy for light-driven C-C bond cleavage within various aliphatic alcohols mediated by homolytic activation of alcohol O-H bonds by excited-state proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET). The resulting alkoxy radical intermediates then undergo C-C β-scission to ultimately provide isomeric linear carbonyl products that are often higher in energy than their cyclic alcohol precursors. Applications of this chemistry for the light-driven depolymerization of lignin biomass, commercial phenoxy resin, hydroxylated polyolefin derivatives, and thermoset polymers are presented as well. We then describe a method for the contrathermodynamic positional isomerization of highly substituted olefins by means of cooperative photoredox and chromium(II) catalysis. In this work, generation of an allylchromium(III) species that can undergo highly regioselective in situ protodemetalation enables access to a less substituted and thermodynamically less stable positional isomer. Product selectivity in this reaction is determined by the large differential in oxidation potentials between differently substituted olefin isomers. Lastly, we discuss a light-driven deracemization reaction developed in collaboration with the Miller group, wherein a racemic urea substrate undergoes spontaneous optical enrichment upon visible light irradiation in the presence of an iridium(III) chromophore, a chiral Brønsted base, and a chiral peptide thiol. Excellent levels of enantioselectivity are achieved via sequential and synergistic proton transfer (PT) and H atom transfer (HAT) steps. Taken together, these examples highlight the ability of excited-state ET events to enable access to nonequilibrium product distributions across a wide range of catalytic, redox-neutral transformations in which photons are the only stoichiometric reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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3
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Wang W, Li Q, Xu M, Chen J, Xiang R, Luo Y, Xia Y. Ligand-Controlled Cobalt-Catalyzed Regiodivergent and Stereoselective Ring-Opening Isomerization of Vinyl Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2024; 26:5004-5009. [PMID: 38825811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
A ligand-controlled regiodivergent and stereoselective ring-opening isomerization of vinylcyclopropane was developed with cobalt catalysis. Employing the commercially available Xantphos ligand, the reactions afforded exclusively linear-type 1,3-dienes as the products. Interestingly, when switching the ligand to an amido-diphosphine ligand (PNP), branched-type 1,3-dienes were obtained with high regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggested that a π-allyl metal and a metal-hydride species are involved as key intermediates in the two transformations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qiao Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Man Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ruoyao Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanshu Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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4
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Lu HX, Wang C, Gao TT, Lin EZ, Lu SL, Hong X, Li BJ. Rhodium-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydroboration of Acyclic Tetrasubstituted Alkenes Directed by an Amide. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16194-16202. [PMID: 38832699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Although progress has been made in enantioselective hydroboration of di- and trisubstituted alkenes over the past decades, enantioselective hydroboration of tetrasubstituted alkenes with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities continues as an unmet challenge since the 1950s due to its extremely low reactivity and the difficulties to simultaneously control the regio- and stereoselectivity of a tetrasubstituted alkene. Here, we report highly regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective catalytic hydroboration of diverse acyclic tetrasubstituted alkenes. The delicate interplay of an electron-rich rhodium complex and coordination-assistance forms a highly adaptive catalyst that effectively overcomes the low reactivity and controls the stereoselectivity. The generality of the catalyst system is exemplified by its efficacy across various tetrasubstituted alkenes with diverse steric and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Xiang Lu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tao-Tao Gao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - En-Ze Lin
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shou-Lin Lu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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5
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Chang ASM, Kascoutas MA, Valentine QP, How KI, Thomas RM, Cook AK. Alkene Isomerization Using a Heterogeneous Nickel-Hydride Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15596-15608. [PMID: 38771258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed alkene isomerization is an enabling technology used to install an alkene distal to its original site. Due to their well-defined structure, homogeneous catalysts can be fine-tuned to optimize reactivity, stereoselectivity, and positional selectivity, but they often suffer from instability and nonrecyclability. Heterogeneous catalysts are generally highly robust but continue to lack active-site specificity and are challenging to rationally improve through structural modification. Known single-site heterogeneous catalysts for alkene isomerization utilize precious metals and bespoke, expensive, and synthetically intense supports. Additionally, they generally have mediocre reactivity, inspiring us to develop a heterogeneous catalyst with an active site made from readily available compounds made of Earth-abundant elements. Previous work demonstrated that a very active homogeneous catalyst is formed upon protonation of Ni[P(OEt)3]4 by H2SO4, generating a [Ni-H]+ active site. This catalyst is incredibly active, but also decomposes readily, which severely limits its utility. Herein we show that by using a solid acid (sulfated zirconia, SZO300), not only is this decomposition prevented, but high activity is maintained, improved selectivity is achieved, and a broader scope of functional groups is tolerated. Preliminary mechanistic experiments suggest that the catalytic reaction likely goes through an intermolecular, two-electron pathway. A detailed kinetic study comparing the state-of-the-art Ni and Pd isomerization catalysts reveals that the highest activity and selectivity is seen with the Ni/SZO300 system. The reactivity of Ni/SZO300, is not limited to alkene isomerization; it is also a competent catalyst for hydroalkenylation, hydroboration, and hydrosilylation, demonstrating the broad application of this heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Sy-Min Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Melanie A Kascoutas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Quinn P Valentine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Kiera I How
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Rachel M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Amanda K Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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6
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Rubel CZ, Ravn AK, Ho HC, Yang S, Li ZQ, Engle KM, Vantourout JC. Stereodivergent, Kinetically Controlled Isomerization of Terminal Alkenes via Nickel Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320081. [PMID: 38494945 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Because internal alkenes are more challenging synthetic targets than terminal alkenes, metal-catalyzed olefin mono-transposition (i.e., positional isomerization) approaches have emerged to afford valuable E- or Z- internal alkenes from their complementary terminal alkene feedstocks. However, the applicability of these methods has been hampered by lack of generality, commercial availability of precatalysts, and scalability. Here, we report a nickel-catalyzed platform for the stereodivergent E/Z-selective synthesis of internal alkenes at room temperature. Commercial reagents enable this one-carbon transposition of terminal alkenes to valuable E- or Z-internal alkenes via a Ni-H-mediated insertion/elimination mechanism. Though the mechanistic regime is the same in both systems, the underlying pathways that lead to each of the active catalysts are distinct, with the Z-selective catalyst forming from comproportionation of an oxidative addition complex followed by oxidative addition with substrate and the E-selective catalyst forming from protonation of the metal by the trialkylphosphonium salt additive. In each case, ligand sterics and denticity control stereochemistry and prevent over-isomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Z Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICMBS, UMR 5246 du CNRS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne K Ravn
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hang Chi Ho
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shenghua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zi-Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Julien C Vantourout
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICMBS, UMR 5246 du CNRS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 1 rue Victor Grignard, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffauserstrasse, 4332, Stein, Switzerland
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7
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Zhou J, He Y, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhu S. Ligand Relay Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Migratory Hydroarylation for the Concise Synthesis of Chiral α-(Hetero)Aryl-Substituted Amines. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306447. [PMID: 38419384 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Complementary to the design of a single structurally complex chiral ligand to promote each step in transition-metal catalysis, multiligand relay catalysis through dynamic ligand exchange with each step in the catalytic cycle promoted by its best ligand provides an attractive approach to enhance the whole reaction reactivity and selectivity. Herein, a regio- and enantioselective NiH-catalyzed migratory hydroarylation process with a simple combination of a chain-walking ligand and an asymmetric arylation ligand, producing high-value chiral α-(hetero)aryl-substituted amines and their derivatives under mild conditions, is reported. The potential synthetic applications of this transformation are demonstrated by the concise synthesis of (S)-nicotine and a CDK8 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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8
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Adhikari P, Bhattacharyya D, Deori K, Sarmah BK, Das A. Chemo- and Regioselective Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reaction of Ketones for the Synthesis of β, γ-Disubstituted β, γ-Unsaturated Ketones. Chemistry 2023:e202303206. [PMID: 38140820 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
C-C bond forming reaction of ketone with aldehyde is well-studied for the synthesis of α, β-unsaturated ketones, however, the reaction with two different ketones to unsaturated carbonyl compound has not yet been systematically studied. Probably due to the relatively low reactivity of ketones as electrophiles (aldol acceptors), its propensity for retro-aldol reaction. The reactions often suffer from unsatisfactory chemoselectivity (self- vs. crossed aldol products) and regioselectivity (thermodynamic vs. kinetic enolate). In this quest, we report here for the first time selective cross-coupling reaction of ketones to β-branched β, γ-unsaturated ketones by using ruthenium catalysis. Interestingly, single crossed aldol condensation products are formed even in reactions where a mixture of products is possible. Reaction is highly chemoselective, regioselective and produces H2 O as the only byproducts making the protocol environmentally benign. Method is compatible with a wide variety of sensitive functional group and applicable for even problematic aliphatic ketones as substrates. Notably, acetone was found as a three-carbon feedstock for the syntheses of simple β, γ-unsaturated ketone compounds. The process can further be extended to the gram-scale reaction and late-stage functionalization of natural products. With the help of DFT calculations, several control experiments, and deuterium-labeling experiments, the mechanistic finding demonstrated that initial aldol-condensation of ketones to a β, β-disubstituted α, β-unsaturated ketone, which further isomerizes to a β, γ- unsaturated ketone via η3 -allyl ruthenium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
| | - Dipanjan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
| | - Kritartha Deori
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
| | - Bikash Kumar Sarmah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
- Department of Chemistry, Sonari College, Assam, India
| | - Animesh Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India, 781039
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9
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Wang Y, He Y, Zhu S. Nickel-Catalyzed Migratory Cross-Coupling Reactions: New Opportunities for Selective C-H Functionalization. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3475-3491. [PMID: 37971926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusMigratory cross-coupling via metal migration is a process of significant academic and industrial interest. It provides an attractive alternative for the selective installation of a functional group at remote C-H positions from simple precursors, thus enabling the direct synthesis of challenging structures not accessible with traditional cross-coupling. In particular, with the merger of 1,n-Ni/H shift and cross-coupling of nickel, the Ni-catalyzed migratory functionalization of simple precursors has undergone particularly intense development and emerged as a valuable field of research in the past few years. This Account will outline the recent progress made in this arena in terms of migration-functionalization modes, diverse functionalizations, and strategies for regio- and stereocontrol. Mechanistic studies and synthetic applications are also discussed.In detail, we systematically categorize our work into two parts based on the migration modes. In the first part, a platform is created for Ni-catalyzed migratory sp3 C-H functionalization of alkenes or alkyl halides via iterative 1,2-Ni/H shift-selective cross-coupling. The key reactive Ni(II)H species for chain-walking could be generated in situ either in a polarity-reversed fashion relying on stoichiometric reductants (X-Ni(II)-H) or in a redox-neutral fashion with the participation of nucleophilic coupling partners (FG-Ni(II)-H). One significant advantage associated with the polarity-reversed NiH system is the use of relatively stable, abundant, and safe olefin surrogates or alkyl halides instead of the sensitive organometallics required in traditional cross-coupling reactions. Another advantage is that diverse functionalizations, including carbonation and more challenging amination and thiolation could be smoothly achieved with suitable electrophiles or their precursors. Finally, to address the challenging multifaceted selectivity and reactivity issues in asymmetric migratory cross-coupling reactions, we have developed a feasible ligand relay catalytic strategy. In this dynamic ligand exchange process, one ligand promotes rapid migration while the other promotes highly regio- and stereoselective coupling. This innovative strategy overcomes the formidable challenge stemming from the difficulty of designing a single ligand to efficiently promote both steps of chain-walking and asymmetric coupling. In the second part, a new platform for Ni-catalyzed migratory sp2 C-H functionalization via 1,4-Ni/H shift-selective cross-coupling has been reported. Starting from readily available aryl or vinyl coupling partners, the in situ-generated aryl- or vinylnickel(II) species could undergo a rapid and reversible 1,4-Ni/H shift along an sp2 backbone, and subsequent selective coupling with various coupling partners would allow regio- and stereoselective access to diverse 1,4-migratory functionalization products. The key to success was the discovery of an appropriate ligand to efficiently promote both migration and subsequent selective cross-coupling. A vinyl-to-aryl 1,4-Ni/H shift successfully enables the modular ipso/ortho difunctionalization of aryl coupling partners, while an aryl-to-vinyl 1,4-Ni/H shift enables regio- and stereoselective access to functionalized trisubstituted alkenes.We hope that this Account will inspire broad interest and future development of migratory cross-coupling reactions. We strongly believe that continued efforts in this fascinating field will overcome many of the remaining challenges, including cutting-edge ligand/catalyst design to enhance reactivity and selectivity, conceptually new migration modes for additional transformations, and in-depth mechanistic studies for rational reaction design.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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10
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Cao YX, Wodrich MD, Cramer N. Nickel-catalyzed direct stereoselective α-allylation of ketones with non-conjugated dienes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7640. [PMID: 37993440 PMCID: PMC10665391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient and sustainable methods for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds with the simultaneous stereoselective generation of vicinal stereogenic centers is a longstanding goal in organic chemistry. Low-valent nickel(0) complexes which promote α-functionalization of carbonyls leveraging its pro-nucleophilic character in conjunction with suitable olefin acceptors are scarce. We report a Ni(0)NHC catalyst which selectively converts ketones and non-conjugated dienes to synthetically highly valuable α-allylated products. The catalyst directly activates the α-hydrogen atom of the carbonyl substrate transferring it to the olefin acceptor. The transformation creates adjacent quaternary and tertiary stereogenic centers in a highly diastereoselective and enantioselective manner. Computational studies indicate the ability of the Ni(0)NHC catalyst to trigger a ligand-to-ligand hydrogen transfer process from the ketone α-hydrogen atom to the olefin substrate, setting the selectivity of the process. The shown selective functionalization of the α-C-H bond of carbonyl groups by the Ni(0)NHC catalyst opens up new opportunities to exploit sustainable 3d-metal catalysis for a stereoselective access to valuable chiral building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Cao
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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11
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Saha J, Banerjee S, Malo S, Das AK, Das I. Thermally Activated Geometrical Regioselective E→Z Isomerization-Enabled Cascade Sequences of Conjugated Dienals: Experimental and DFT Studies. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302335. [PMID: 37555389 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The geometrical regioselective E→Z isomerization of a conjugated alkene under thermal activation pose a challenge due to microscopic reversibility. Herein we report that such reversibility issues can be circumvented by integrating E→Z isomerization with subsequent cyclization cascade, particularly in the absence of commonly employed light, acids, or metal-catalysts. Thus, linearly conjugated dienals in a mixture of toluene-alcohol (2 : 1) solvents or only with alcohol at 60-70 °C can be converted to γ-alkoxybutenolides in moderate to good yields. The intermediary 2Z,4E-isomer can be isolated, which includes the first example of isolating the regioselective isomerization product under thermal conditions. Density functional theory (DFT) studies have been employed to shed light on the feasibility of geometrical alkene isomerization and ensuing cascade sequences. It has been observed that the regioselective 2E,4E→2Z,4E isomerization of dienal is a thermodynamically facile (ΔG <0) process. Structural elucidation further reveals that the presence of a certain charge transfer and a non-covalent interaction may be the primary reasons for the enhanced stability of the 2Z,4E-isomer. The thermodynamic plausibility of the subsequent cascade reaction from the Z-isomer to the anticipated product in the presence of a polar protic solvent (here MeOH) is also explicated. Out of the two probable pathways, the "hemiacetal pathway" involving a relay proton transfer is kinetically more feasible due to the diminished activation barrier than the "conjugate addition pathway".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Saha
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Soumadip Banerjee
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sidhartha Malo
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Abhijit Kumar Das
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Indrajit Das
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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12
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Wang W, Feng S, Wei Y, Wang H, Li Y. Diastereoselective Ring Expansion of Cyclic Ketones Enabled by HAT-Initiated Radical Cascade. Org Lett 2023; 25:8022-8026. [PMID: 37889896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein we disclose an iron-catalyzed method for stereoselective synthesis of multisubstituted cyclic ketones containing a synthetically challenging quaternary carbon from readily accessible β-vinyl keto esters in good yields. This cascade reaction is initiated by a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process, after which a Dowd-Beckwith-type ring-expansion reaction occurs. This strategic transformation offers access to synthetically valuable cyclic ketones bearing two contiguous stereocenters, including quaternary stereocenters, which hold paramount significance within the realm of synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shouyang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yansheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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13
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Qian PF, Zhou T, Shi BF. Transition-metal-catalyzed atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral styrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12669-12684. [PMID: 37807950 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03592a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral styrenes, a type of atropisomer analogous to biaryls, have attracted great interest because of their unique presence in natural products and asymmetric catalysis. Since 2016, a number of methodologies have been developed for the atroposelective construction of these chiral skeletons, involving both transition metal catalysis and organocatalysis. In this feature article, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of recent advances in the asymmetric synthesis of axially chiral styrenes catalyzed by transition metals, integrating scattered work with different catalytic systems together. This feature article is cataloged into five sections according to the strategies, including asymmetric coupling, enantioselective C-H activation, central-to-axial chirality transfer, asymmetric alkyne functionalization, and atroposelective [2+2+2] cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Fan Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China.
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
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14
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Zou JY, Yang YY, Gu J, Liu F, Ye Z, Yi W, He Y. Asymmetric Allylic Substitution-Isomerization for the Modular Synthesis of Axially Chiral N-Vinylquinazolinones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310320. [PMID: 37582683 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral N-substituted quinazolinones are important bioactive molecules, which are presented in many synthetic drugs. However, most strategies toward their atroposelective synthesis are mainly limited to the axially chiral arylquinazolinone frameworks. The development of modular synthetic methods to access diverse quinazolinone-based atropisomers remains scarce and challenging. Herein, we report the regio- and atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral N-vinylquinazolinones via the strategy of asymmetric allylic substitution-isomerization. The catalysis system utilized both asymmetric transition-metal catalysis and organocatalysis to efficiently afford trisubstituted and tetrasubstituted N-vinylquinazolinone atropisomers, respectively. With the meticulous design of β-substituted allylic substrates, both Z- and E-tetrasubstituted axially chiral N-vinylquinazolinones were obtained in good yields and high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jun Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhiwen Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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15
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Lee J, Kim M, Lee H, Lee SY. Rh-coordinated histidyl bolaamphiphile assembly: a catalyst for the isomerization of cis-stilbene and cis-alkene. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13269-13277. [PMID: 37668062 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01906c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a colloidal assembly of histidyl bolaamphiphiles whose imidazoles coordinate with rhodium ions (HisC7[Rh]) to exhibit catalytic isomerization activity for cis-stilbene and cis-alkene molecules. The histidyl bolaamphiphiles self-assemble to form a soft scaffold that functions analogously to an apoenzyme. This scaffold exposes multiple histidyl imidazoles and carboxylates on its surface, to which rhodium ions bind, generating catalytically active sites. The Rh coordination with the biochemical functional groups was verified through comprehensive vibrational spectroscopy and calorimetry. The colloidal HisC7[Rh] demonstrated a significant catalytic effect on the isomerization of cis- to trans-stilbene under mild H2 conditions, resulting in 69% yield of trans-stilbene. In contrast, when Rh(cod)2BF4 was employed as a control catalyst, only the hydrogenated products of bibenzyl were obtained. These findings underscore the crucial role of histidyl motifs in exhibiting unique catalytic isomerization activity through the coordination with Rh. The catalytic activity of HisC7[Rh] is governed by several factors, such as rhodium content, solvent composition, temperature, and H2 pressure. Moreover, HisC7[Rh] displayed moderate isomerization activity towards not only stilbene but also unsaturated fatty acid isomers, highlighting its expansive potential as an isomerization catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsang Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyesung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Mahawar P, Rajeshkumar T, Maron L, Spaniol TP, Okuda J. Heterobimetallic Hydrides with a Germanium(II)-Zinc Bond. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301496. [PMID: 37309983 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of TMEDA (TMEDA=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine), zinc dihydride reacted with germanium(II) compounds (BDI-H)Ge (1) and [(BDI)Ge][B(3,5-(CF3 )2 C6 H3 )4 ] (3) (BDI-H = HC{(C=CH2 )(CMe)(NAr)2 }, BDI = [HC(CMeNAr)2 ]; Ar = 2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 ) by formal insertion of the germanium(II) center into the Zn-H bond of polymeric [ZnH2 ]n to give neutral and cationic zincagermane with a H-Ge-Zn-H core [(BDI-H)Ge(H)-(H)Zn(tmeda)] (2) and [(BDI)Ge(H)-(H)Zn(tmeda)][B(3,5-(CF3 )2 C6 H3 )4 ] (4), respectively. Compound 2 eliminated [ZnH2 ] giving diamido germylene 1 at 60 °C. Compound 2 and deuterated analogue 2-d2 exchanged with [ZnH2 ]n and [ZnD2 ]n in the presence of TMEDA to give a mixture of 2 and 2-d2 . Compounds 2 and 4 reacted with carbon dioxide (1 bar) at room temperature to form zincagermane diformate [(BDI-H)Ge(OCHO)-(OCHO)Zn(tmeda)] (5) and formate bridged digermylene [({BDI}Ge)2 (μ-OCHO)]+ [B(C6 H3 (CF3 )2 )4 ] (6) along with zinc formate [(tmeda)Zn(μ-OCHO)3 Zn(tmeda)][B(C6 H3 (CF3 )2 )4 ] (7), respectively. The hydridic nature of the Ge-H and Zn-H bonds in 2 and 4 was probed by reactions with Brönsted and Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Mahawar
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 35 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 35 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas P Spaniol
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany
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17
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Brägger Y, Green O, Bhawal BN, Morandi B. Late-Stage Molecular Editing Enabled by Ketone Chain-Walking Isomerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19496-19502. [PMID: 37640367 PMCID: PMC10510328 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a method for the isomerization of ketones in a manner akin to the chain-walking reaction of alkenes is described. Widely available and inexpensive pyrrolidine and elemental sulfur are deployed as catalysts to achieve this reversible transformation. Key to the utility of this approach was the elucidation of a stereochemical model to determine the thermodynamically favored product of the reaction and the kinetic selectivity observed. With the distinct selectivity profile of our ketone chain-walking process, the isomerization of various steroids was demonstrated to rapidly access novel steroids with "unnatural" oxidation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Brägger
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ori Green
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin N. Bhawal
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Bill Morandi
- ETH
Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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18
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Chen C, Guo W, Qiao D, Zhu S. Synthesis of Enantioenriched 1,2-cis Disubstituted Cycloalkanes by Convergent NiH Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308320. [PMID: 37470299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched multi-substituted cycloalkanes constitute an essential class of compounds in pharmaceuticals, natural products and agrochemicals. Here we report an NiH-catalyzed asymmetric migratory hydroalkylation process for the efficient and selective construction of such compounds. Through a dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DYKAT), easily accessible racemic and isomeric mixtures of cycloalkenes could be directly utilized as starting materials, convergently producing thermo-dynamically disfavored chiral 1,2-cis disubstituted cycloalkanes bearing vicinal stereocenters with high levels of regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity. In addition, prochiral cyclic alkenes can be also employed, and deliver chiral 1,2-cis disubstituted cycloalkanes through desymmetrization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Deyong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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19
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Huang G, Wu Y, Gong H, Chen Y. Expeditious preparation of β- sec-alkyl vicinal amino alcohols used for chiral ligand synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6111-6114. [PMID: 37462436 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00803g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
An economical route providing quick access to chiral β-amino alcohols bearing one β-sec-alkyl group was developed. This protocol starts with commercially available and cheap chiral sources such as derivatives of L-serine and L-threonine. A series of vicinal amino alcohols with high optical purity were prepared in good yields through 4 or 6 operationally simple steps. Two different strategies (three routes) were designed for the synthesis of amino alcohols bearing β-sec-alkyl groups with various steric hindrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Huang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hegui Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunrong Chen
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Prieto-Pascual U, Martínez de Morentin A, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Freixa Z, Huertos MA. Catalytic activation of remote alkenes through silyl-rhodium(III) complexes. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37338004 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00624g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The tandem isomerization-hydrosilylation reaction is a highly valuable process able to transform mixtures of internal olefins into linear silanes. Unsaturated and cationic hydrido-silyl-Rh(III) complexes have proven to be effective catalysts for this reaction. Herein, three silicon-based bidentate ligands, 8-(dimethylsilyl)quinoline (L1), 8-(dimethylsilyl)-2-methylquinoline (L2) and 4-(dimethylsilyl)-9-phenylacridine (L3), have been used to synthesize three neutral [RhCl(H)(L)PPh3] (1-L1, 1-L2 and 1-L3) and three cationic [Rh(H)(L)(PPh3)2][BArF4] (2-L1, 2-L2 and 2-L3) Rh(III) complexes. Among the neutral compounds, 1-L2 could be characterized in the solid state by X-ray diffraction showing a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure. Neutral complexes (1-L1, 1-L2 and 1-L3) failed to catalyze the hydrosilylation of olefins. On the other hand, the cationic compound 2-L2 was also characterized by X-ray diffraction showing a square pyramidal structure. The unsaturated and cationic Rh(III) complexes 2-L1, 2-L2 and 2-L3 showed significant catalytic activity in the hydrosilylation of remote alkenes, with the most sterically hindered (2-L2) being the most active one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unai Prieto-Pascual
- Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
| | | | | | | | - Zoraida Freixa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Fundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miguel A Huertos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Fundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain
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21
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Wu Z, Meng J, Liu H, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang W. Multi-site programmable functionalization of alkenes via controllable alkene isomerization. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01209-x. [PMID: 37202630 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Direct and selective functionalization of hydrocarbon chains is a fundamental problem in synthetic chemistry. Conventional functionalization of C=C double bonds and C(sp3)-H bonds provides some solutions, but site diversity remains an issue. The merging of alkene isomerization with (oxidative) functionalization provides an ideal method for remote functionalization, which would provide more opportunities for site diversity. However, the reported functionalized sites are still limited and focus on a specific terminal position and internal site; new site-selective functionalization, including multi-functionalization, remains a largely unmet challenge. Here we describe a palladium-catalysed aerobic oxidative method for the multi-site programmable functionalization, involving the C=C double bond and multiple C(sp3)-H bonds, of terminal olefins via a strategy that controls the reaction sequence between alkene isomerization and oxidative functionalization. Specifically, 1-acetoxylation (anti-Markovnikov), 2-acetoxylation, 1,2-diacetoxylation and 1,2,3-triacetoxylation have been realized, accompanied by controllable remote alkenylation. This method enables available terminal olefins from petrochemical feedstocks to be readily converted into unsaturated alcohols and polyalcohols and particularly into different monosaccharides and C-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjie Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huikang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Li MY, Zhai S, Nong XM, Gu A, Li J, Lin GQ, Liu Y. Trisubstituted alkenes featuring aryl groups: stereoselective synthetic strategies and applications. Sci China Chem 2023; 66:1261-1287. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
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23
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Dubey ZJ, Shen W, Little JA, Krische MJ. Dual Ruthenium-Catalyzed Alkene Isomerization-Hydrogen Auto-Transfer Unlocks Skipped Dienes as Pronucleophiles for Enantioselective Alcohol C-H Allylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023:10.1021/jacs.3c00934. [PMID: 37018070 PMCID: PMC10551046 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The first use of 1,4-pentadiene and 1,5-hexadiene as allylmetal pronucleophiles in regio-, anti-diastereo-, and enantioselective carbonyl addition from alcohol proelectrophiles is described. As corroborated by deuterium labeling experiments, primary alcohol dehydrogenation delivers a ruthenium hydride that affects alkene isomerization to furnish a conjugated diene, followed by transfer hydrogenative carbonyl addition. Hydrometalation appears to be assisted by the formation of a fluxional olefin-chelated homoallylic alkylruthenium complex II, which exists in equilibrium with its pentacoordinate η1 form to enable β-hydride elimination. This effect confers remarkable chemoselectivity: while 1,4-pentadiene and 1,5-hexadiene are competent pronucleophiles, higher 1,n-dienes are not, and the olefinic functional groups of the products remain intact under conditions in which the 1,4- and 1,5-dienes isomerize. A survey of halide counterions reveals iodide-bound ruthenium-JOSIPHOS catalysts are uniquely effective in these processes. This method was used to prepare a previously reported C1-C7 substructure of (-)-pironetin in 4 vs 12 steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Weijia Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - John A Little
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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24
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Acosta-Calle S, Miller AJM. Tunable and Switchable Catalysis Enabled by Cation-Controlled Gating with Crown Ether Ligands. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:971-981. [PMID: 36977400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusCatalysis has become an essential tool in science and technology, impacting the discovery of pharmaceuticals, the manufacture of commodity chemicals and plastics, the production of fuels, and much more. In most cases, a particular catalyst is optimized to mediate a particular reaction, continually producing a desired product at a given rate. There is enormous opportunity in developing catalysts that are dynamic, capable of responding to a change in the environment to alter structure and function. Controlled catalysis, in which the activity or selectivity of a catalytic reaction can be adjusted through an external stimulus, offers opportunities for innovation in catalysis. Catalyst discovery could be simplified if a single thoughtfully designed complex could work synergistically with additives to optimize performance rather than trying a multitude of different metal/ligand combinations. Temporal control could be gained to facilitate the execution of multiple reactions in the same flask, for example, by activating one catalyst and deactivating another to avoid incompatibilities. Selectivity switching could enable copolymer synthesis with well-defined chemical and material properties. These applications might sound futuristic for synthetic catalysts, but in nature, such a degree of controlled catalysis is commonplace. For example, allosteric interactions and/or feedback loops modulate enzymatic activity to enable complex small-molecule synthesis and sequence-defined polymerization reactions in complex mixtures containing many catalytic sites. In many cases, regulation is achieved by "gating" substrate access to the active site. Fundamental advances in catalyst design are needed to better understand the factors that enable controlled catalysis in the arena of synthetic chemistry, particularly in achieving substrate gating outside of macromolecular environments. In this Account, the development of design principles for achieving cation-controlled catalysis is described. The guiding hypothesis was that gating substrate access to a catalyst site could be achieved by controlling the dynamics of a hemilabile ligand through secondary Lewis acid/base and/or cation-dipole interactions. To enforce such interactions, catalysts sitting at the interface of organometallic catalysis and supramolecular chemistry were designed. A macrocyclic crown ether was incorporated into a robust organometallic pincer ligand, and these "pincer-crown ether" ligands have been explored in catalysis. Complementary studies of controlled catalysis and detailed mechanistic analysis guided the development of iridium, nickel, and palladium pincer-crown ether catalysts capable of substrate gating. Toggling the gate between open and closed states leads to switchable catalysis, where cation addition/removal changes the turnover frequency or the product selectivity. Varying the degree of gating leads to tunable catalysis, where the activity can be tuned based on the identity and amount of salt added. Research has focused on reactions of alkenes, particularly isomerization reactions, which has in turn led to design principles for cation-controlled catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Acosta-Calle
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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25
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Zhao W, Li BJ. Directing Group Repositioning Strategy Enabled Site- and Enantioselective Addition of Heteroaromatic C-H Bonds to Acyclic Internal Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6861-6870. [PMID: 36917558 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the notable advances achieved in the Murai-type hydroarylations, highly enantioselective catalytic addition of native (hetero)arenes to internal alkenes remains a prominent challenge. Herein, we report a directing group repositioning strategy, which enables the iridium-catalyzed enantioselective addition of heteroarenes including furan, benzofuran, and thiophene to internal enamides. The C-H bond at the C2 position of the heteroarene is site-selectively cleaved and added regioselectively to the β-position of an enamide, affording a valuable β-heteroaryl amide with high enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies indicate that the rate and the enantioselectivity are determined by separate elementary steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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26
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Chen Y, Chen W, Ho CY, Gu X. Our Voyage from Catalytic Cross-Hydroalkenylation to Transfer-Dehydroaromatization of Cyclic π-Systems: Reactivity and Selectivity Changes Enabled by NHC-Ni and NHC-Pd Hydride Equivalents. Synlett 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractN-Heterocyclic carbene ligated transition-metal catalysts often show interesting properties and reactivity as compared to conventional ligand systems. In (NHC)Ni and (NHC)Pd hydrides, a dramatic reactivity changed from cross-hydroalkenylation to transfer-dehydroaromatization was observed under optimized conditions. This account summarizes our recent efforts and stories behind this serendipitous discovery. The mechanistic studies revealed that the keys to divert the desired reactivity are the differences in the olefin insertion selectivity and the hydrometallated species reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
| | - Weihao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
| | - Chun-Yu Ho
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
| | - Xiao Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)
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27
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Zhao W, Lu HX, Zhang WW, Li BJ. Coordination Assistance: A Powerful Strategy for Metal-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydroalkynylation of Internal Alkenes. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:308-321. [PMID: 36628651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusAlkenes are versatile compounds that are readily available on a large scale from industry or through organic synthesis. The widespread occurrence of alkenes provides the continuous impetus for the development of catalytic asymmetric alkene hydrofunctionalizations, which enables expeditious construction of complex chiral molecules from readily available starting materials. Catalytic asymmetric hydrofunctionalization of internal alkenes presents a notable challenge, due to their low reactivity, many potential side reactions, and the simultaneous control of the regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities.Dehydroamino acids and enamides are among the first substrates that provide notable enantioselectivities in catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation. The crucial importance of an amide coordinating group is established by a series of classical mechanistic studies. This initial success greatly stimulated further development for catalytic hydrogenation and hydrofunctionalization. Building on these pioneering works in asymmetric hydrogenation as well as related hydrofunctionalizations, we have adopted coordination assistance as a powerful tool to address the challenges associated with the asymmetric hydrofunctionalization of internal alkenes. Using a functional group on the alkene substrate as a native coordinating group, a two-point binding mode of the substrate to the metal center effectively enhances the reactivity and facilitates the control of regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivities. Through this strategy, we have developed a number of alkene hydrofunctionalization methods with excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantiocontrols.In this Account, we summarize the recent advance in our lab using coordination assistance as a key element to achieve regio- and enantioselective hydroalkynylation of internal alkenes. First, we describe our early work aimed at controlling the regio- and enantioselectivity of hydroalkynylation using disubstituted enamide as the substrate. Both α- and β-alkynylation were achieved by channeling the reaction pathway into a Chalk-Harrod or modified Chalk-Harrod mechanism. Next, we discuss the further development of catalysts to achieve regiodivergent and enantioselective hydroalkynylation of trisubstituted enamide to access vicinal stereocenters and quaternary carbon stereocenters. We also discuss the hydroalkynylation of α,β-unsaturated amides to achieve unconventional site-selectivity through a combination of alkene isomerization and regioselective hydroalkynylation. This provides the basis for the construction of a remote quaternary carbon stereocenter through catalytic hydroalkynylation of trisubstituted β,γ-unsaturated amides. We further show that this controlling principle is applicable to terminal alkene with a coordinating group as well. A ligand-controlled mechanism shift is discussed for the enantioselective alkynylation at the terminal and internal position of 1,1,-disubstituted alkenes. Finally, we briefly mention the application of coordination assistance to other hydrofunctionalizations such as hydroboration and hydrosilylation, where previously inaccessible reactivity and selectivity were achieved. Collectively, these catalytic methods demonstrate the power of coordination assistance for enantioselective hydrofunctionalizations. We anticipate that this strategy will create a platform to enable diverse enantioselective alkene transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Yuan Street, Beijing100084, China
| | - Hou-Xiang Lu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Yuan Street, Beijing100084, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Yuan Street, Beijing100084, China
| | - Bi-Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Tsinghua Yuan Street, Beijing100084, China
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28
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Saludares C, Ortiz E, Santana CG, Spinello BJ, Krische MJ. Asymmetric Ruthenium-Catalyzed Carbonyl Allylations by Gaseous Allene via Hydrogen Auto-Transfer: 1° vs 2° Alcohol Dehydrogenation for Streamlined Polyketide Construction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:1662-1668. [PMID: 37869365 PMCID: PMC10586519 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Iodide-bound ruthenium-JOSIPHOS complexes catalyze the redox-neutral C-C coupling of primary alcohols 2a-2r with the gaseous allene (propadiene) 1a to form enantiomerically enriched homoallylic alcohols 3a-3r with complete atom-efficiency. Using formic acid as reductant, aldehydes dehydro-2a and dehydro-2c participate in reductive C-C coupling with allene to deliver adducts 3a and 3c with comparable levels of asymmetric induction. Deuterium labeling studies corroborate a mechanism in which alcohol dehydrogenation triggers allene hydroruthenation to form transient allylruthenium-aldehyde pairs that participate in carbonyl addition. Notably, due to a kinetic preference for primary alcohol dehydrogenation, chemoselective C-C coupling of 1°,2°-1,3-diols occurs in the absence of protecting groups. As illustrated by the synthesis of C7-C15 of spirastrellolide B and F (7 vs 17 steps), C3-C10 of cryptocarya diacetate (3 vs 7 or 9 steps), and a fragment common to C8'-C14' of mycolactone F (1 vs 4 steps) and C22-C28 marinomycin A (1 vs 9 steps), this capability streamlines type I polyketide construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Saludares
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Eliezer Ortiz
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Cate G Santana
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brian J Spinello
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael J Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. Austin, TX 78712, USA
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29
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Gyton M, Royle CG, Beaumont SK, Duckett SB, Weller AS. Mechanistic Insights into Molecular Crystalline Organometallic Heterogeneous Catalysis through Parahydrogen-Based Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2619-2629. [PMID: 36688560 PMCID: PMC9896567 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous solid-gas reactions of crystals of [Rh(L2)(propene)][BArF4] (1, L2 = tBu2PCH2CH2PtBu2) with H2 and propene, 1-butene, propyne, or 1-butyne are explored by gas-phase nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy under batch conditions at 25 °C. The temporal evolution of the resulting parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) effects measures catalytic flux and thus interrogates the efficiency of catalytic pairwise para-H2 transfer, speciation changes in the crystalline catalyst at the molecular level, and allows for high-quality single-scan 1H, 13C NMR gas-phase spectra for the products to be obtained, as well as 2D-measurements. Complex 1 reacts with H2 to form dimeric [Rh(L2)(H)(μ-H)]2[BArF4]2 (4), as probed using EXAFS; meanwhile, a single-crystal of 1 equilibrates NMR silent para-H2 with its NMR active ortho isomer, contemporaneously converting into 4, and 1 and 4 each convert para-H2 into ortho-H2 at different rates. Hydrogenation of propene using 1 and para-H2 results in very high initial polarization levels in propane (>85%). Strong PHIP was also detected in the hydrogenation products of 1-butene, propyne, and 1-butyne. With propyne, a competing cyclotrimerization deactivation process occurs to afford [Rh(tBu2PCH2CH2PtBu2)(1,3,4-Me3C6H3)][BArF4], while with 1-butyne, rapid isomerization of 1-butyne occurs to give a butadiene complex, which then reacts with H2 more slowly to form catalytically active 4. Surprisingly, the high PHIP hydrogenation efficiencies allow hyperpolarization effects to be seen when H2 is taken directly from a regular cylinder at 25 °C. Finally, changing the chelating phosphine to Cy2PCH2CH2PCy2 results in initial high polarization efficiencies for propene hydrogenation, but rapid quenching of the catalyst competes to form the zwitterion [Rh(Cy2PCH2CH2PCy2){η6-(CF3)2(C6H3)}BArF3].
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
R. Gyton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,Centre
for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Cameron G. Royle
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Simon K. Beaumont
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,Centre
for Hyperpolarisation in Magnetic Resonance, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,
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30
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Dissanayake GC, Ndi CN, Markley JL, Martinez JB, Hanson PR. Total Synthesis of Sanctolide A and Formal Synthesis of (2 S)-Sanctolide A. J Org Chem 2023; 88:805-817. [PMID: 36602547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Two synthetic strategies employing phosphate tether-mediated one-pot sequential protocols for the total synthesis of the polyketide nonribosomal peptide macrolide, sanctolide A, and the formal synthesis of the (2S)-epimer of sanctolide A are reported. In this work, a phosphate tether-mediated one-pot sequential ring-closing metathesis/cross metathesis/substrate-controlled "H2"/tether removal approach was developed to accomplish the total synthesis of the natural product sanctolide A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan C Dissanayake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, United States
| | - Cornelius N Ndi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1140 Gray-Little Hall, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Jana L Markley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1140 Gray-Little Hall, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - James B Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, United States
| | - Paul R Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, United States
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31
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Wang Y, He Y, Zhu S. NiH-Catalyzed Functionalization of Remote and Proximal Olefins: New Reactions and Innovative Strategies. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3519-3536. [PMID: 36350093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal hydride catalyzed functionalization of remote and proximal olefins has many advantages over conventional cross-coupling reactions. It avoids the separate, prior generation of stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reagents and the use of preformed organometallic reagents, which are sometimes hard to access and may compromise functional group compatibility. The migratory insertion of metal hydride complexes generated in situ into readily available alkene starting materials, the hydrometalation process, provides an attractive and straightforward route to alkyl metal intermediates, which can undergo a variety of sequential cross-coupling reactions. In particular, with the synergistic combination of chain-walking and cross-coupling chemistry of nickel, NiH-catalyzed functionalization of remote and proximal olefins has undergone particularly intense development in the past few years. This Account aims to chronicle the progress made in this arena in terms of activation modes, diverse functionalizations, and chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivity.We first provide a brief introduction to the general reaction mechanisms. Taking remote hydroarylation as an example, the four oxidation states of Ni have allowed us to develop two different reaction strategies to form the final product: a Ni(I)-H/X-Ni(II)-H platform that relies on stoichiometric reductants and a Ni(I/II/III) cycle and a redox-neutral functional group or FG-Ni(II)-H platform that reacts with an alkene substrate and forms the migratory products via a Ni(0/II) pathway. We also demonstrate that diverse functionalization, including general C-C bond-forming reactions and the more challenging C-N/C-S bond-forming reactions could be realized. Moreover, the employment of appropriate chiral ligands has allowed us to successfully realize the corresponding asymmetric hydrofunctionalization reactions of olefins, including hydroalkylation, hydroarylation, hydroalkenylation, hydroalkynylation, and hydroamination. Interestingly, the enantio-determining step could be enantioselective hydronickelation, selective oxidative addition, or selective reductive elimination. To realize more challenging asymmetric migratory hydrofunctionalization, we have developed a general ligand relay catalytic strategy with a combination of two simple ligands, the first for chain-walking and the second for asymmetric coupling. This novel strategy avoids the design of a single, possibly structurally complex chiral ligand to promote both steps of chain-walking and asymmetric coupling. In addition, the success of multicomponent hydrofunctionalization provides a convenient approach to gain simple access to complex molecules. Finally, alkyl halides could be used as olefin precursors to undergo a variety of reductive migratory cross-electrophile coupling reactions. Applications of these remote hydrofunctionalization reactions are also discussed. We hope this Account will inspire future development in the field to overcome key challenges, including conceptually new catalytic strategies, development of high-performance systems with enhanced reactivity and selectivity, cutting-edge catalyst design, and further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuli He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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32
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Kustiana BA, Melen RL, Morrill LC. One-Pot Synthesis of Styrene Derivatives from Allyl Silanes via B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed Isomerization–Hiyama Coupling. Org Lett 2022; 24:8694-8697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Betty A. Kustiana
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Rebecca L. Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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33
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Jiang X, Sheng FT, Zhang Y, Deng G, Zhu S. Ligand Relay Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Migratory Reductive Acylation of Olefins or Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21448-21456. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Feng-Tao Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Gao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Shaolin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang453007, China
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34
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Kustiana BA, Elsherbeni SA, Linford‐Wood TG, Melen RL, Grayson MN, Morrill LC. B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 -Catalyzed E-Selective Isomerization of Alkenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202454. [PMID: 35943082 PMCID: PMC9804281 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the B(C6 F5 )3 -catalyzed E-selective isomerization of alkenes. The transition-metal-free method is applicable across a diverse array of readily accessible substrates, giving access to a broad range of synthetically useful products containing versatile stereodefined internal alkenes. The reaction mechanism was investigated by using synthetic and computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty A. Kustiana
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff University Main BuildingPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Salma A. Elsherbeni
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff University Main BuildingPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | | | - Rebecca L. Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff University Main BuildingPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | | | - Louis C. Morrill
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff University Main BuildingPark PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
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35
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Farquhar AH, Gardner KE, Acosta-Calle S, Camp AM, Chen CH, Miller AJM. Cation-Controlled Olefin Isomerization Catalysis with Palladium Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H. Farquhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Kristen E. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Sebastian Acosta-Calle
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Andrew M. Camp
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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36
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Wu X, Gannett CN, Liu J, Zeng R, Novaes LFT, Wang H, Abruña HD, Lin S. Intercepting Hydrogen Evolution with Hydrogen-Atom Transfer: Electron-Initiated Hydrofunctionalization of Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17783-17791. [PMID: 36137298 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-atom transfer mediated by earth-abundant transition-metal hydrides (M-Hs) has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis. Current methods to generate M-Hs most frequently rely on oxidatively initiated hydride transfer. Herein, we report a reductive approach to generate Co-H, which allows for canonical hydrogen evolution reactions to be intercepted by hydrogen-atom transfer to an alkene. Electroanalytical and spectroscopic studies provided mechanistic insights into the formation and reactivity of Co-H, which enabled the development of two new alkene hydrofunctionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Cara N Gannett
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Luiz F T Novaes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Hongsen Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Héctor D Abruña
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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37
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Espinosa MR, Ertem MZ, Barakat M, Bruch QJ, Deziel AP, Elsby MR, Hasanayn F, Hazari N, Miller AJM, Pecoraro MV, Smith AM, Smith NE. Correlating Thermodynamic and Kinetic Hydricities of Rhenium Hydrides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17939-17954. [PMID: 36130605 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of hydride transfer from Re(Rbpy)(CO)3H (bpy = 4,4'-R-2,2'-bipyridine; R = OMe, tBu, Me, H, Br, COOMe, CF3) to CO2 and seven different cationic N-heterocycles were determined. Additionally, the thermodynamic hydricities of complexes of the type Re(Rbpy)(CO)3H were established primarily using computational methods. Linear free-energy relationships (LFERs) derived by correlating thermodynamic and kinetic hydricities indicate that, in general, the rate of hydride transfer increases as the thermodynamic driving force for the reaction increases. Kinetic isotope effects range from inverse for hydride transfer reactions with a small driving force to normal for reactions with a large driving force. Hammett analysis indicates that hydride transfer reactions with greater thermodynamic driving force are less sensitive to changes in the electronic properties of the metal hydride, presumably because there is less buildup of charge in the increasingly early transition state. Bronsted α values were obtained for a range of hydride transfer reactions and along with DFT calculations suggest the reactions are concerted, which enables the use of Marcus theory to analyze hydride transfer reactions involving transition metal hydrides. It is notable, however, that even slight perturbations in the steric properties of the Re hydride or the hydride acceptor result in large deviations in the predicted rate of hydride transfer based on thermodynamic driving forces. This indicates that thermodynamic considerations alone cannot be used to predict the rate of hydride transfer, which has implications for catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Espinosa
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Mehmed Z Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Mariam Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Quinton J Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anthony P Deziel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Matthew R Elsby
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew V Pecoraro
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Allison M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Nicholas E Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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38
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Yue WJ, Martin R. Ni-Catalyzed Site-Selective Hydrofluoroalkylation of Terminal and Internal Olefins. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Yue
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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39
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Tricoire M, Wang D, Rajeshkumar T, Maron L, Danoun G, Nocton G. Electron Shuttle in N-Heteroaromatic Ni Catalysts for Alkene Isomerization. JACS AU 2022; 2:1881-1888. [PMID: 36032537 PMCID: PMC9400170 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Simple N-heteroaromatic Ni(II) precatalysts, (L)NiMe2 (L = bipy, bipym), were used for alkene isomerization. With an original reduction method using a simple borane (HB(Cat)), a low-valent Ni center was formed readily and showed good conversion when a reducing divalent lanthanide fragment, Cp*2Yb, was coordinated to the (bipym)NiMe2 complex, a performance not achieved by the monometallic (bipy)NiMe2 analogue. Experimental mechanistic investigations and computational studies revealed that the redox non-innocence of the L ligand triggered an electron shuttle process, allowing the elusive formation of Ni(I) species that were central to the isomerization process. Additionally, the reaction occurred with a preference for mono-isomerization rather than chain-walking isomerization. The presence of the low-valent ytterbium fragment, which contributed to the formation of the electron shuttle, strongly stabilized the catalysts, allowing catalytic loading as low as 0.5%. A series of alkenes with various architectures have been tested. The possibility to easily tune the various components of the heterobimetallic catalyst reported here, the ligand L and the divalent lanthanide fragment, opens perspectives for further applications in catalysis induced by Ni(I) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Tricoire
- LCM,
CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route
de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Ding Wang
- LCM,
CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route
de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- LPCNO,
UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, 31077 Toulouse
cedex 4, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO,
UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, 31077 Toulouse
cedex 4, France
| | - Grégory Danoun
- LCM,
CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route
de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM,
CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Route
de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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40
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Yang W, Chernyshov IY, Weber M, Pidko EA, Filonenko GA. Switching between Hydrogenation and Olefin Transposition Catalysis via Silencing NH Cooperativity in Mn(I) Pincer Complexes. ACS Catal 2022; 12:10818-10825. [PMID: 36082051 PMCID: PMC9442580 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
While Mn-catalyzed (de)hydrogenation of carbonyl derivatives
has
been well established, the reactivity of Mn hydrides with olefins
remains very rare. Herein, we report a Mn(I) pincer complex that effectively
promotes site-controlled transposition of olefins. This reactivity
is shown to emerge once the N–H functionality within the Mn/NH
bifunctional complex is suppressed by alkylation. While detrimental
for carbonyl (de)hydrogenation, such masking of the cooperative N–H
functionality allows for the highly efficient conversion of a wide
range of allylarenes to higher-value 1-propenybenzenes in near-quantitative
yield with excellent stereoselectivities. The reactivity toward a
single positional isomerization was also retained for long-chain alkenes,
resulting in the highly regioselective formation of 2-alkenes, which
are less thermodynamically stable compared to other possible isomerization
products. The detailed mechanistic analysis of the reaction between
the activated Mn catalyst and olefins points to catalysis operating
via a metal–alkyl mechanism—one of the three conventional
transposition mechanisms previously unknown in Mn complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yang
- Inorganic Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Yu. Chernyshov
- TheoMAT Group, ChemBio Cluster, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Manuela Weber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Georgy A. Filonenko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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41
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Cui H, Shen Y, Wang R, Wei H, Lei X, Chen Y, Fu P, Wang H, Bi R, Zhang Y. Synthesis of Clionastatins A and B through Enhancement of Chlorination and Oxidation Levels of Testosterone. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Haoxiang Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Xin Lei
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Haoxiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Bi
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
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42
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Zhao C, Liu Y, Zhang X, He G, Liu H, Ji D, Hu Y, Chen Q. Bioinspired and Ligand‐Regulated Unnatural Prenylation and Geranylation of Oxindoles with Isoprene under Pd Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207202. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao‐Yang Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐Ying Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang‐Xin Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Gu‐Cheng He
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Ding‐Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yan‐Cheng Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Qing‐An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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43
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Siddaraju Y, Sabbatani J, Cohen A, Marek I. Preparation of Distant Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Double Selective Ring-Opening of 1,1-Biscyclopropyl Methanol Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203652. [PMID: 35521738 PMCID: PMC9401570 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The diastereoselective double carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes provides, in a single‐pot operation, two ω‐ene‐[1,1]‐bicyclopropyl ester derivatives. One regioisomer then undergoes a Pd‐catalyzed addition of aryl iodide to provide skipped dienes possessing several distant stereocenters including two congested quaternary carbon centers with excellent diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Siddaraju
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200009, Haifa, Israel
| | - Juliette Sabbatani
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200009, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anthony Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200009, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200009, Haifa, Israel
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44
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Zhao J, Xu G, Wang X, Liu J, Ren X, Hong X, Lu Z. Cobalt-Catalyzed Migration Isomerization of Dienes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4592-4597. [PMID: 35727697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A cobalt-catalyzed multipositional isomerization of conjugated dienes has been reported for the first time using an 8-oxazoline iminoquinoline ligand. This reaction is operationally simple and atom-economical using readily available starting materials with an E/Z mixture to access disubstituted 1,3-dienes with excellent yields and good E,E stereoselectivity. The mechanism via alkene insertion of cobalt hydride species and β-H elimination of a π-allyl cobalt intermediate is proposed on the basis of deuterium labeling and control experiments and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street NO. 2, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiren Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street NO. 2, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street NO. 2, Beijing 100190, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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45
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Wang Z, Gao P, Lin E, Li B. Stereodefined Skipped Dienes through Iridium‐Catalyzed Formal Addition of Tertiary Allylic C−H Bonds to Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200075. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Xuan Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Peng‐Chao Gao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - En‐Ze Lin
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Bi‐Jie Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192 China
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46
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Zhao C, Liu Y, Zhang X, He G, Liu H, Ji D, Hu Y, Chen Q. Bioinspired and Ligand‐Regulated Unnatural Prenylation and Geranylation of Oxindoles with Isoprene under Pd Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao‐Yang Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐Ying Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang‐Xin Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Gu‐Cheng He
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Ding‐Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yan‐Cheng Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Qing‐An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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47
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Ge Q, Meng J, Liu H, Yang Z, Wu Z, Zhang W. Palladium‐catalyzed long‐range isomerization of aryl olefins. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Ge
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
| | - Jingjie Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Huikang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Zehua Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School University of South China Hengyang Hunan 421001 China
| | - Zhengxing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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48
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Yin J, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Remote Site-Selective Asymmetric Protoboration of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Bimetallic Relay Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202713. [PMID: 35297558 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A remote C(sp3 )-H bond asymmetric borylation of unactivated alkenes was achieved by bimetallic relay catalysis. The reaction proceeded through reversible and consecutive β-H elimination/olefin insertion promoted by CoH species generated in situ, followed by copper-catalyzed asymmetric protoboration. The use of this synergistic Co/Cu catalysis protocol allowed the enantioselective protoboration of various unactivated terminal alkenes and internal alkenes, as well as an unrefined mixture of olefin isomers, at the distal less-reactive β-position to a functional group, leading to chiral organoboronates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Simin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jianjun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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49
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Cui H, Shen Y, Chen Y, Wang R, Wei H, Fu P, Lei X, Wang H, Bi R, Zhang Y. Two-Stage Syntheses of Clionastatins A and B. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8938-8944. [PMID: 35576325 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A concise and divergent synthesis of the polychlorinated marine steroids clionastatin A and B from inexpensive testosterone has been achieved through a unique two-stage chlorination-oxidation strategy. Key features of the two-stage synthesis include (1) conformationally controlled, highly stereoselective dichlorination at C1 and C2 and C4-OH-directed C19 oxygenation followed by a challenging neopentyl chlorination to install three chlorine atoms; (2) desaturation through one-pot photochemical dibromination-reductive debromination and anti-Markovnikov olefin oxidation by photoredox-metal dual catalysis to enhance the oxidation level of the backbone; and (3) Wharton transposition to furnish the D-ring enone. This synthesis proved that the introduction of the C19 chloride in the early stage of the synthesis secured the stability of the backbone against susceptibility to aromatization during the oxidation stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Haoxiang Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Pengfei Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Xin Lei
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Haoxiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Ruihao Bi
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yandong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
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50
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Siddaraju Y, Sabbatani J, Cohen A, Marek I. Preparation of Distant Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Double Selective Ring‐Opening of 1,1‐Biscyclopropyl Methanol Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony Cohen
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology Chemistry ISRAEL
| | - Ilan Marek
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion City 32000 Haifa ISRAEL
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