1
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Zhao T, Tan Y, Li Y, Wang X. Ionic fuel-powered hydrogel actuators for soft robotics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 677:739-749. [PMID: 39121658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Hydrogel actuators powered by chemical fuels are pivotal in autonomous soft robotics. Nevertheless, chemical waste accumulation caused by chemical fuels hampers the development of programmable and reusable hydrogel actuating systems. We propose the concept of ionic fuel-powered soft robotics which are constructed by programmable salt-responsive actuators and use waste-free ionic fuels. EXPERIMENTS Herein, soft hydrogel actuators were developed by orchestrating the Janus bilayer hydrogels' capacity for swelling and shrinking. Decomposable and easily removable ionic fuels were applied to power the actuators. Swelling tests were used to evaluate the deformability of the hydrogels. Tensile tests were performed to investigate the modulus of the hydrogels. The bonded interface composed of the interpenetrating polymer chains from both hydrogel layers bilayer was evidenced by the optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The ionic conductivities of solutions were determined by a conductivity meter. Furthermore, a range of biomimetic soft robots with various shapes and asymmetrical structures have been designed and fabricated to execute complex functions. FINDINGS The programmable actuators powered by ionic fuel exhibit adjustable bending orientations, amplitudes, and durations, along with consistent cyclic actuations enabled by replenishment of the fuel without noticeable loss in performance. Many life-like programmable soft robotic systems were designed, indicating spatiotemporally controllable functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Yu Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Yitan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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2
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Ranganath VA, Maity I. Artificial Homeostasis Systems Based on Feedback Reaction Networks: Design Principles and Future Promises. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318134. [PMID: 38226567 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Feedback-controlled chemical reaction networks (FCRNs) are indispensable for various biological processes, such as cellular mechanisms, patterns, and signaling pathways. Through the intricate interplay of many feedback loops (FLs), FCRNs maintain a stable internal cellular environment. Currently, creating minimalistic synthetic cells is the long-term objective of systems chemistry, which is motivated by such natural integrity. The design, kinetic optimization, and analysis of FCRNs to exhibit functions akin to those of a cell still pose significant challenges. Indeed, reaching synthetic homeostasis is essential for engineering synthetic cell components. However, maintaining homeostasis in artificial systems against various agitations is a difficult task. Several biological events can provide us with guidelines for a conceptual understanding of homeostasis, which can be further applicable in designing artificial synthetic systems. In this regard, we organize our review with artificial homeostasis systems driven by FCRNs at different length scales, including homogeneous, compartmentalized, and soft material systems. First, we stretch a quick overview of FCRNs in different molecular and supramolecular systems, which are the essential toolbox for engineering different nonlinear functions and homeostatic systems. Moreover, the existing history of synthetic homeostasis in chemical and material systems and their advanced functions with self-correcting, and regulating properties are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Ambekar Ranganath
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Indrajit Maity
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, Karnataka, India
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3
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Ghosh S, Baltussen MG, Ivanov NM, Haije R, Jakštaitė M, Zhou T, Huck WTS. Exploring Emergent Properties in Enzymatic Reaction Networks: Design and Control of Dynamic Functional Systems. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2553-2582. [PMID: 38476077 PMCID: PMC10941194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The intricate and complex features of enzymatic reaction networks (ERNs) play a key role in the emergence and sustenance of life. Constructing such networks in vitro enables stepwise build up in complexity and introduces the opportunity to control enzymatic activity using physicochemical stimuli. Rational design and modulation of network motifs enable the engineering of artificial systems with emergent functionalities. Such functional systems are useful for a variety of reasons such as creating new-to-nature dynamic materials, producing value-added chemicals, constructing metabolic modules for synthetic cells, and even enabling molecular computation. In this review, we offer insights into the chemical characteristics of ERNs while also delving into their potential applications and associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Ghosh
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu G. Baltussen
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikita M. Ivanov
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Haije
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miglė Jakštaitė
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tao Zhou
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4
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Sharma C, Maity I, Walther A. pH-feedback systems to program autonomous self-assembly and material lifecycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1125-1144. [PMID: 36629372 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06402b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
pH-responsive systems have gained importance for the development of smart materials and for biomedical applications because they can switch between different states by simple acid/base triggers. However, such equilibrium systems lack the autonomous behaviour that is so ubiquitous in living systems that self-regulate out of equilibrium. As a contribution to the emerging field of autonomous chemical systems, we have developed pH-feedback systems (pH-FS) based on the coupling of acid- and base-producing steps in chemical reaction networks. The resulting autonomous nonlinear pH curves can be coupled with a variety of pH-sensitive building blocks to program the lifecycles of the associated transient state at the level of self-assemblies and material systems. In this article, we discuss the different generations of such pH-feedback systems, the principles of their coupling to self-assemblies with lifecycles and highlight emerging concepts for the design of autonomous functional materials. The specificity, robustness, and flexible operation of such pH-FS can also be used to realize chemo-structural and chemo-mechanical feedbacks that extend the behaviour of such materials systems toward complex and functional life-like systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Sharma
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Indrajit Maity
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas Walther
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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5
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Del Giudice D, Frateloreto F, Sappino C, Di Stefano S. Chemical Tools for the Temporal Control of Water Solution pH and Applications in Dissipative Systems. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Del Giudice
- University of Rome La Sapienza: Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Chemistry ITALY
| | - Federico Frateloreto
- University of Rome La Sapienza: Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Chemistry ITALY
| | - Carla Sappino
- University of Rome La Sapienza: Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Chemistry ITALY
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- University of Rome La Sapienza: Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza Chemistry Department Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Rome ITALY
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6
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Maity I, Sharma C, Lossada F, Walther A. Feedback and Communication in Active Hydrogel Spheres with pH Fronts: Facile Approaches to Grow Soft Hydrogel Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Maity
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Charu Sharma
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Francisco Lossada
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
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7
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Maity I, Sharma C, Lossada F, Walther A. Feedback and Communication in Active Hydrogel Spheres with pH Fronts: Facile Approaches to Grow Soft Hydrogel Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22537-22546. [PMID: 34347941 PMCID: PMC8518392 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Compartmentalized reaction networks regulating signal processing, communication and pattern formation are central to living systems. Towards achieving life-like materials, we compartmentalized urea-urease and more complex urea-urease/ester-esterase pH-feedback reaction networks into hydrogel spheres and investigate how fuel-driven pH fronts can be sent out from these spheres and regulated by internal reaction networks. Membrane characteristics are installed by covering urease spheres with responsive hydrogel shells. We then encapsulate the two networks (urea-urease and ester-esterase) separately into different hydrogel spheres to devise communication, pattern formation and attraction. Moreover, these pH fronts and patterns can be used for self-growing hydrogels, and for developing complex geometries from non-injectable hydrogels without 3D printing tools. This study opens possibilities for compartmentalized feedback reactions and their use in next generation materials fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Maity
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Charu Sharma
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Francisco Lossada
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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8
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Mai AQ, Bánsági T, Taylor AF, Pojman JA. Reaction-diffusion hydrogels from urease enzyme particles for patterned coatings. Commun Chem 2021; 4:101. [PMID: 36697546 PMCID: PMC9814597 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The reaction and diffusion of small molecules is used to initiate the formation of protective polymeric layers, or biofilms, that attach cells to surfaces. Here, inspired by biofilm formation, we present a general method for the growth of hydrogels from urease enzyme-particles by combining production of ammonia with a pH-regulated polymerization reaction in solution. We show through experiments and simulations how the propagating basic front and thiol-acrylate polymerization were continuously maintained by the localized urease reaction in the presence of urea, resulting in hydrogel layers around the enzyme particles at surfaces, interfaces or in motion. The hydrogels adhere the enzyme-particles to surfaces and have a tunable growth rate of the order of 10 µm min-1 that depends on the size and spatial distribution of particles. This approach can be exploited to create enzyme-hydrogels or chemically patterned coatings for applications in biocatalytic flow reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Q. Mai
- grid.64337.350000 0001 0662 7451Department of Chemistry & The Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Tamás Bánsági
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK ,grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Department of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Annette F. Taylor
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John A. Pojman
- grid.64337.350000 0001 0662 7451Department of Chemistry & The Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
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9
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Holló G, Miele Y, Rossi F, Lagzi I. Shape changes and budding of giant vesicles induced by an internal chemical trigger: an interplay between osmosis and pH change. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4262-4270. [PMID: 33587060 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05952h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Shape transformation and budding of phospholipid/fatty acid giant hybrid vesicles can be induced by an internal chemical stimulus (pH change) when coupled with an osmotic shock. In particular, an autocatalytic enzymatic reaction set (urea-urease system), confined in the lumen of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/oleic acid (HOA) vesicles, can force the budding of the hosting vesicle, when properly fed by a trans-membrane substrate infusion. Herein, we elucidate the budding mechanism by simulating the shape changes of a vesicle during the enzymatic reaction. The area-difference-elasticity (ADE) theory is thus implemented to minimize the surface elastic energy and obtain the equilibrium shape at different values of the reduced volume and different values of the reduced preferred area difference (Δa0). Simulations, together with control experiments, unambiguously show that to obtain an effective vesicle shape transformation, the osmotic stress and the pH change in the lumen of the vesicle must act in synergy at the same timescale. Osmotic pressure induces a vesicle deflation (volume loss), while the pH change affects the preferred area difference between the outer and the inner membrane leaflets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Holló
- MTA-BME Condensed Matter Physics Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics 1111, Budafoki ut 8, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ylenia Miele
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli"University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 - Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Federico Rossi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Physical Sciences - DEEP Sciences, University of Siena, Pian dei Mantellini 44, 53100 - Siena, Italy.
| | - István Lagzi
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics 1111, Budafoki út 8, Budapest, Hungary.
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10
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Maity I, Dev D, Basu K, Wagner N, Ashkenasy G. Signaling in Systems Chemistry: Programing Gold Nanoparticles Formation and Assembly Using a Dynamic Bistable Network. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Maity
- Department of Chemistry Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Dharm Dev
- Department of Chemistry Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Kingshuk Basu
- Department of Chemistry Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Nathaniel Wagner
- Department of Chemistry Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Gonen Ashkenasy
- Department of Chemistry Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
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11
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Maity I, Dev D, Basu K, Wagner N, Ashkenasy G. Signaling in Systems Chemistry: Programing Gold Nanoparticles Formation and Assembly Using a Dynamic Bistable Network. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4512-4517. [PMID: 33006406 PMCID: PMC7984337 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Living cells exploit bistable and oscillatory behaviors as memory mechanisms, facilitating the integration of transient stimuli into sustained molecular responses that control downstream functions. Synthetic bistable networks have also been studied as memory entities, but have rarely been utilized to control orthogonal functions in coupled dynamic systems. We herein present a new cascade pathway, for which we have exploited a well-characterized switchable peptide-based replicating network, operating far from equilibrium, that yields two alternative steady-state outputs, which in turn serve as the input signals for consecutive processes that regulate various features of Au nanoparticle shape and assembly. This study further sheds light on how bridging together the fields of systems chemistry and nanotechnology may open up new opportunities for the dynamically controlled design of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Maity
- Department of ChemistryBen Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva84105Israel
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryFreiburg Institute for Advanced StudiesAlbert Ludwigs University of Freiburg79104FreiburgGermany
| | - Dharm Dev
- Department of ChemistryBen Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva84105Israel
| | - Kingshuk Basu
- Department of ChemistryBen Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva84105Israel
| | - Nathaniel Wagner
- Department of ChemistryBen Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva84105Israel
| | - Gonen Ashkenasy
- Department of ChemistryBen Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva84105Israel
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12
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Hochberg D, Ribó JM. Entropic analysis of bistability and the general evolution criterion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14051-14063. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01236c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An open flow bistable Schlögl model in a well-stirred isothermal reaction volume V showing the balance of the entropy production and the exchange entropy on the non-equilibrium stationary states.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hochberg
- Department of Molecular Evolution
- Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA)
- 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz
- Spain
| | - Josep M. Ribó
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry
- Institute of Cosmos Science (IEEC-UB)
- University of Barcelona
- Barcelona
- Spain
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13
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Pogodaev AA, Lap TT, Huck WTS. The Dynamics of an Oscillating Enzymatic Reaction Network is Crucially Determined by Side Reactions. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr A. Pogodaev
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 Nijmegen 6525 AJ The Netherlands
| | - Tijs T. Lap
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 Nijmegen 6525 AJ The Netherlands
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 Nijmegen 6525 AJ The Netherlands
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14
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Wagner N, Mukherjee R, Maity I, Kraun S, Ashkenasy G. Programming Multistationarity in Chemical Replication Networks. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.201900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Wagner
- Department of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Rakesh Mukherjee
- Department of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
- Institute for chemical sciences and engineeringEcole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Indrajit Maity
- Department of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryAlbert Ludwigs University of Freiburg 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Sagi Kraun
- Department of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Gonen Ashkenasy
- Department of ChemistryBen-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
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15
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Aubert S, Bezagu M, Spivey AC, Arseniyadis S. Spatial and temporal control of chemical processes. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Abstract
One of the grand challenges in contemporary systems chemistry research is to mimic life-like functions using simple synthetic molecular networks. This is particularly true for systems that are out of chemical equilibrium and show complex dynamic behaviour, such as multi-stability, oscillations and chaos. We report here on thiodepsipeptide-based non-enzymatic networks propelled by reversible replication processes out of equilibrium, displaying bistability. Accordingly, we present quantitative analyses of the bistable behaviour, featuring a phase transition from the simple equilibration processes taking place in reversible dynamic chemistry into the bistable region. This behaviour is observed only when the system is continuously fueled by a reducing agent that keeps it far from equilibrium, and only when operating within a specifically defined parameter space. We propose that the development of biomimetic bistable systems will pave the way towards the study of more elaborate functions, such as information transfer and signalling.
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17
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Markovic VM, Bánsági T, McKenzie D, Mai A, Pojman JA, Taylor AF. Influence of reaction-induced convection on quorum sensing in enzyme-loaded agarose beads. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2019; 29:033130. [PMID: 30927847 DOI: 10.1063/1.5089295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In theory, groups of enzyme-loaded particles producing an acid or base may show complex behavior including dynamical quorum sensing, the appearance of synchronized oscillations above a critical number or density of particles. Here, experiments were performed with the enzyme urease loaded into mm-sized agarose beads and placed in a solution of urea, resulting in an increase in pH. This behavior was found to be dependent upon the number of beads present in the array; however, reaction-induced convection occurred and plumes of high pH developed that extended to the walls of the reactor. The convection resulted in the motion of the mm-sized particles and conversion of the solution to high pH. Simulations in a simple model of the beads demonstrated the suppression of dynamical quorum sensing in the presence of flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir M Markovic
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamás Bánsági
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Dennel McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Anthony Mai
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - John A Pojman
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Annette F Taylor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
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18
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Yang D, Fan J, Cao F, Deng Z, Pojman JA, Ji L. Immobilization adjusted clock reaction in the urea–urease–H+ reaction system. RSC Adv 2019; 9:3514-3519. [PMID: 35518065 PMCID: PMC9060300 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09244c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bell-shaped reactivity-pH curve is the fundamental reason that the temporal programmable kinetic switch in clock reactions can be obtained in bio-competitive enzymatic reactions. In this work, urease was loaded on small resin particles through ionic binding. Experimental results reveal that the immobilization not only increased the stability of the enzyme and the reproducibility of the clock reaction, but also shifted the bell-shaped activity curve to lower pHs. The latter change enables the clock reaction to occur from an initial pH of 2.3, where the free enzyme had already lost its activity. Two mechanisms explain the influence of the immobilization on the clock reaction. Immobilization modified the pH sensitive functional groups on the enzyme, shifting the activity curve to a more acidic region, and reduced diffusion alters the enzyme dynamics. The reported immobilization shifts the bell-shaped reactivity-pH curve to lower pHs and enables the clock reaction to occur from a very low initial pH, where the free enzyme had already lost its activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Junhe Fan
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Fengyi Cao
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Zuojun Deng
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - John A. Pojman
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | - Lin Ji
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- China
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19
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Muzika F, Růžička M, Schreiberová L, Schreiber I. Oscillations of pH in the urea–urease system in a membrane reactor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:8619-8622. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00630c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Urea–urease reaction in an open reservoir–membrane–reactor system displays regular spontaneous oscillations of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Muzika
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 166 28 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Růžička
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 166 28 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Schreiberová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 166 28 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Igor Schreiber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- 166 28 Praha 6
- Czech Republic
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Támás Bánsági
- Department of Chemistry; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Annette F. Taylor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S1 3JD UK
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21
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Gyevi-Nagy L, Lantos E, Gehér-Herczegh T, Tóth Á, Bagyinka C, Horváth D. Reaction fronts of the autocatalytic hydrogenase reaction. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:165103. [PMID: 29716212 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have built a model to describe the hydrogenase catalyzed, autocatalytic, reversible hydrogen oxidation reaction where one of the enzyme forms is the autocatalyst. The model not only reproduces the experimentally observed front properties, but also explains the found hydrogen ion dependence. Furthermore, by linear stability analysis, two different front types are found in good agreement with the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Gyevi-Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Emese Lantos
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Tünde Gehér-Herczegh
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ágota Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bagyinka
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Dezső Horváth
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
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22
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Bánsági T, Taylor AF. Switches induced by quorum sensing in a model of enzyme-loaded microparticles. J R Soc Interface 2018. [PMID: 29514986 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing refers to the ability of bacteria and other single-celled organisms to respond to changes in cell density or number with population-wide changes in behaviour. Here, simulations were performed to investigate quorum sensing in groups of diffusively coupled enzyme microparticles using a well-characterized autocatalytic reaction which raises the pH of the medium: hydrolysis of urea by urease. The enzyme urease is found in both plants and microorganisms, and has been widely exploited in engineering processes. We demonstrate how increases in group size can be used to achieve a sigmoidal switch in pH at high enzyme loading, oscillations in pH at intermediate enzyme loading and a bistable, hysteretic switch at low enzyme loading. Thus, quorum sensing can be exploited to obtain different types of response in the same system, depending on the enzyme concentration. The implications for microorganisms in colonies are discussed, and the results could help in the design of synthetic quorum sensing for biotechnology applications such as drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Bánsági
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Annette F Taylor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
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23
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Huang W, Zhou Y, Deng Y, He Y. A negative feedback loop based on proton-driven in situ formation of plasmonic molybdenum oxide nanosheets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4347-4350. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07745a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A negative feedback loop is developed based on proton-driven in situ formation of plasmonic MoO3−x nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of National Defence Science & Technology
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yuequan Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yi He
- School of National Defence Science & Technology
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang
- P. R. China
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24
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Kinetics of the urea–urease clock reaction with urease immobilized in hydrogel beads. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-017-1296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Che H, Buddingh' BC, van Hest JCM. Self-Regulated and Temporal Control of a "Breathing" Microgel Mediated by Enzymatic Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12581-12585. [PMID: 28772021 PMCID: PMC5656812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring systems have the ability to self-regulate, which plays a key role in their structural and functional adaptation. The autonomous behavior in living systems is biocatalytically controlled by the continuous consumption of energy to remain in a non-equilibrium condition. In this work, we show the construction of a self-regulated "breathing" microgel that uses chemical fuels to keep the system in the out-of-equilibrium state. The enzyme urease is utilized to program a feedback-induced pH change, which in turn tunes the size switch and fluorescence intensity of the microgel. A continuous supply of chemical fuels to the system allows the process to be reversible. This microgel with tunable autonomous properties provides insights into the design of artificial systems and dynamic soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Che
- Bio-organic chemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31)5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan C. Buddingh'
- Bio-organic chemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31)5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-organic chemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31)5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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26
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Che H, Buddingh' BC, van Hest JCM. Self‐Regulated and Temporal Control of a “Breathing” Microgel Mediated by Enzymatic Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Che
- Bio-organic chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31) 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan C. Buddingh'
- Bio-organic chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31) 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-organic chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 (STO 3.31) 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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27
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Wong ASY, Huck WTS. Grip on complexity in chemical reaction networks. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1486-1497. [PMID: 28845192 PMCID: PMC5550812 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A new discipline of "systems chemistry" is emerging, which aims to capture the complexity observed in natural systems within a synthetic chemical framework. Living systems rely on complex networks of chemical reactions to control the concentration of molecules in space and time. Despite the enormous complexity in biological networks, it is possible to identify network motifs that lead to functional outputs such as bistability or oscillations. To truly understand how living systems function, we need a complete understanding of how chemical reaction networks (CRNs) create function. We propose the development of a bottom-up approach to design and construct CRNs where we can follow the influence of single chemical entities on the properties of the network as a whole. Ultimately, this approach should allow us to not only understand such complex networks but also to guide and control their behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert S Y Wong
- Institute for Molecular Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilhelm T S Huck
- Institute for Molecular Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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28
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Hakim AS, Omara ST, Syame SM, Fouad EA. Serotyping, antibiotic susceptibility, and virulence genes screening of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from diarrheic buffalo calves in Egyptian farms. Vet World 2017; 10:769-773. [PMID: 28831220 PMCID: PMC5553145 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.769-773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM In Egypt as in many other countries, river water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is considered an important source of high-quality milk and meat supply. The objective of this study was to investigate serotypes, virulence genes, and antibiotic resistance determinants profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from buffalo at some places in Egypt; noticibly, this issue was not discussed in the country yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS A number of 58 rectal samples were collected from diarrheic buffalo calves in different regions in Egypt, and bacteriological investigated for E. coli existence. The E. coli isolates were biochemically, serologicaly identified, tested for antibiotic susceptibility, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyzed for the presence of antibiotic resistance determinants and virulence genes. RESULTS Overall 14 isolates typed as E. coli (24.1%); 6 were belonged to serogroup O78 (10.3%), followed by O125 (4 isolates, 6.9%), then O158 (3 isolates, 5.2%) and one isolate O8 (1.7%), among them, there were 5 E. coli isolates showed a picture of hemolysis (35.7%). The isolates exhibited a high resistance to β lactams over 60%, followed by sulfa (50%) and aminoglucoside (42.8%) group, in the same time the isolates were sensitive to quinolone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline (100%), and cephalosporine groups (71.4%). A multiplex PCR was applied to the 14 E. coli isolates revealed that all were carrying at least one gene, as 10 carried blaTEM (71.4%), 8 Sul1 (57.1%), and 6 aadB (42.8%), and 9 isolates could be considered multidrug resistant (MDR) by an incidence of 64.3%. A PCR survey was stratified for the most important E. coli virulence genes, and showed the presence of Shiga toxins in 9 isolates carried either one or the two Stx genes (64.3%), 5 isolates carried hylA gene (35.7%), and eae in 2 isolates only (14.3%), all isolates carried at least one virulence gene except two (85.7%). CONCLUSION The obtained data displayed that in Egypt, buffalo as well as other ruminants could be a potential source of MDR pathogenic E. coli variants which have a public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf S Hakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa T Omara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sohier M Syame
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab A Fouad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Heuser T, Merindol R, Loescher S, Klaus A, Walther A. Photonic Devices Out of Equilibrium: Transient Memory, Signal Propagation, and Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606842. [PMID: 28221714 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soft photonic materials are important for sensors, displays, or energy management and have become switchable under static equilibrium conditions by integration of responsive polymer features. The next step is to equip such materials with the ability for autonomously dynamic and self-regulating behavior, which would advance their functionality and application possibilities to new levels. Here, this study shows the system integration of a nonlinear, biocatalytic pH-feedback system with a pH-responsive block copolymer photonic gel, and demonstrates autonomous transient memories, remotely controlled signal propagation, and sensing. This study utilizes an enzymatic switch to program the lifetime of the reflective state of a photonic gel, and induces propagation of pH-waves extinguishable by illumination with UV-light. The described combination of nonlinear chemistry and responsive photonic gels opens pathways toward out-of-equilibrium photonic devices with active and autonomous behavior useful for sensing, computation, and communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Heuser
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rémi Merindol
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Loescher
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aileen Klaus
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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30
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Wagner N, Mukherjee R, Maity I, Peacock-Lopez E, Ashkenasy G. Bistability and Bifurcation in Minimal Self-Replication and Nonenzymatic Catalytic Networks. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1842-1850. [PMID: 28112462 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201601293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bistability and bifurcation, found in a wide range of biochemical networks, are central to the proper function of living systems. We investigate herein recent model systems that show bistable behavior based on nonenzymatic self-replication reactions. Such models were used before to investigate catalytic growth, chemical logic operations, and additional processes of self-organization leading to complexification. By solving for their steady-state solutions by using various analytical and numerical methods, we analyze how and when these systems yield bistability and bifurcation and discover specific cases and conditions producing bistability. We demonstrate that the onset of bistability requires at least second-order catalysis and results from a mismatch between the various forward and reverse processes. Our findings may have far-reaching implications in understanding early evolutionary processes of complexification, emergence, and potentially the origin of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Rakesh Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Indrajit Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | | | - Gonen Ashkenasy
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
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31
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Horváth J. Chemomechanical oscillations with a non-redox non-oscillatory reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4973-4976. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02497e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Periodic length changes, over 20%, were sustained in a pH-responsive gel by associating the methylene glycol–sulphite OH-producing clock-reaction with variations of the exchange time induced between the core of the gel and a steady chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Horváth
- Institute of Chemistry
- Eötvös Loránd University
- H-1518 Budapest 112
- Hungary
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32
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Jee E, Bánsági T, Taylor AF, Pojman JA. Temporal Control of Gelation and Polymerization Fronts Driven by an Autocatalytic Enzyme Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2127-31. [PMID: 26732469 PMCID: PMC4755207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemical systems that remain kinetically dormant until activated have numerous applications in materials science. Herein we present a method for the control of gelation that exploits an inbuilt switch: the increase in pH after an induction period in the urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea was used to trigger the base-catalyzed Michael addition of a water-soluble trithiol to a polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The time to gelation (minutes to hours) was either preset through the initial concentrations or the reaction was initiated locally by a base, thus resulting in polymerization fronts that converted the mixture from a liquid into a gel (ca. 0.1 mm min(-1)). The rate of hydrolytic degradation of the hydrogel depended on the initial concentrations, thus resulting in a gel lifetime of hours to months. In this way, temporal programming of gelation was possible under mild conditions by using the output of an autocatalytic enzyme reaction to drive both the polymerization and subsequent degradation of a hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Jee
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Tamás Bánsági
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Annette F Taylor
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - John A Pojman
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, LA, 70803, USA.
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33
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Jee E, Bánsági T, Taylor AF, Pojman JA. Temporal Control of Gelation and Polymerization Fronts Driven by an Autocatalytic Enzyme Reaction. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 128:2167-2171. [PMID: 27478280 PMCID: PMC4950125 DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemical systems that remain kinetically dormant until activated have numerous applications in materials science. Herein we present a method for the control of gelation that exploits an inbuilt switch: the increase in pH after an induction period in the urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea was used to trigger the base-catalyzed Michael addition of a water-soluble trithiol to a polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The time to gelation (minutes to hours) was either preset through the initial concentrations or the reaction was initiated locally by a base, thus resulting in polymerization fronts that converted the mixture from a liquid into a gel (ca. 0.1 mm min-1). The rate of hydrolytic degradation of the hydrogel depended on the initial concentrations, thus resulting in a gel lifetime of hours to months. In this way, temporal programming of gelation was possible under mild conditions by using the output of an autocatalytic enzyme reaction to drive both the polymerization and subsequent degradation of a hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Jee
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State UniversityLouisianaLA70803USA
| | - Tamás Bánsági
- Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS1 3JDUK
| | - Annette F. Taylor
- Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS1 3JDUK
| | - John A. Pojman
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State UniversityLouisianaLA70803USA
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Mukherjee R, Cohen-Luria R, Wagner N, Ashkenasy G. A Bistable Switch in Dynamic Thiodepsipeptide Folding and Template-Directed Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12452-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Mukherjee R, Cohen-Luria R, Wagner N, Ashkenasy G. A Bistable Switch in Dynamic Thiodepsipeptide Folding and Template-Directed Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Taylor AF, Tinsley MR, Showalter K. Insights into collective cell behaviour from populations of coupled chemical oscillators. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015. [PMID: 26195263 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01964h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems such as yeast show coordinated activity driven by chemical communication between cells. Experiments with coupled chemical oscillators can provide insights into the collective behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette F. Taylor
- Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Mark R. Tinsley
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry
- West Virginia University
- Morgantown
- USA
| | - Kenneth Showalter
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry
- West Virginia University
- Morgantown
- USA
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