1
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Cabello MC, Chen G, Melville MJ, Osman R, Kumar GD, Domaille DW, Lippert AR. Ex Tenebris Lux: Illuminating Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species with Small Molecule Probes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:9225-9375. [PMID: 39137397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are small reactive molecules derived from elements in the air─oxygen and nitrogen. They are produced in biological systems to mediate fundamental aspects of cellular signaling but must be very tightly balanced to prevent indiscriminate damage to biological molecules. Small molecule probes can transmute the specific nature of each reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into an observable luminescent signal (or even an acoustic wave) to offer sensitive and selective imaging in living cells and whole animals. This review focuses specifically on small molecule probes for superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite that provide a luminescent or photoacoustic signal. Important background information on general photophysical phenomena, common probe designs, mechanisms, and imaging modalities will be provided, and then, probes for each analyte will be thoroughly evaluated. A discussion of the successes of the field will be presented, followed by recommendations for improvement and a future outlook of emerging trends. Our objectives are to provide an informative, useful, and thorough field guide to small molecule probes for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as important context to compare the ecosystem of chemistries and molecular scaffolds that has manifested within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maidileyvis C Cabello
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Gen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Michael J Melville
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Rokia Osman
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - G Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Dylan W Domaille
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Alexander R Lippert
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
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2
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Tong L, Yang Y, Zhang L, Tao J, Sun B, Song C, Qi M, Yang F, Zhao M, Jiang J. Design, Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Response AIE Fluorescence Probes Based on Imidazo [1,2-a] Pyridine. Molecules 2024; 29:882. [PMID: 38398634 PMCID: PMC10891862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a significant member of reactive oxygen species, plays a crucial role in oxidative stress and cell signaling. Abnormal levels of H2O2 in the body can induce damage or even impair body function, leading to the development of certain diseases. Therefore, real-time monitoring of H2O2 in living cells is very important. In this work, the aggregation-induced emission fluorescence probe 2-(2-((4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) benzyl) oxy) phenyl) imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine (B2) was designed and synthesized, which enables the long-term tracing of H2O2 in living cells. The addition of H2O2 to probe B2 results in a dramatic fluorescence enhancement around 500 nm. Notably, B2 can visualize both exogenous and endogenous H2O2 in living cells. The synthesis method for B2 is simple, has a high yield, and utilizes readily available materials. It exhibits advantages such as low toxicity, photostability, and good biocompatibility. Consequently, the developed fluorescent probe in this study has great potential as a reliable tool for determining H2O2 in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Tong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (L.T.)
| | - Yulong Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (L.T.)
| | - Likang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (L.T.)
| | - Jiali Tao
- Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000, China
| | - Cairong Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (L.T.)
| | - Mengchen Qi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (L.T.)
| | - Fengqing Yang
- Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000, China
| | - Mingxia Zhao
- Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000, China
- Yangquan Technology Innovation Center of Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization and Storage, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000, China
| | - Junbing Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (L.T.)
- Department of Mining Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000, China
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Choudhary BS, Kumar TA, Vashishtha A, Tejasri S, Kumar AS, Agarwal R, Chakrapani H. An esterase-cleavable persulfide donor with no electrophilic byproducts and a fluorescence reporter. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1727-1730. [PMID: 38240148 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04948e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and associated sulfur species known as persulfide or sulfane sulfur are considered among the first responders to oxidative stress. However, tools that reliably generate these species without any potentially toxic byproducts are limited, and even fewer report the generation of a persulfide. Here, using a latent fluorophore embedded with N-acetylcysteine persulfide, we report a new tool that is cleaved by esterase to produce a persulfide as well as a fluorescence reporter without any electrophilic byproducts. The rate of formation of the fluorescence reporter is nearly identical to the rate of formation of the persulfide suggesting that the use of this probe eliminates the need for secondary assays that report persulfide formation. Symptomatic with persulfide generation, the newly developed donor was able to protect chondrocyte cells from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat S Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - T Anand Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Akshi Vashishtha
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Tejasri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Amal S Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rachit Agarwal
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
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Maslah H, Skarbek C, Gourson C, Plamont MA, Pethe S, Jullien L, Le Saux T, Labruère R. In-Cell Generation of Anticancer Phenanthridine Through Bioorthogonal Cyclization in Antitumor Prodrug Development. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24043-24047. [PMID: 34487611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological inactivation of antitumor drugs toward healthy cells is a critical factor in prodrug development. Typically, pharmaceutical chemists graft temporary moieties to existing antitumor drugs to reduce their pharmacological activity. Here, we report a platform able to generate the cytotoxic agent by intramolecular cyclization. Using phenanthridines as cytotoxic model compounds, we designed ring-opened biaryl precursors that generated the phenanthridines through bioorthogonal irreversible imination. This reaction was triggered by reactive oxygen species, commonly overproduced in cancer cells, able to convert a vinyl boronate ester function into a ketone that subsequently reacted with a pendant aniline. An inactive precursor was shown to engender a cytotoxic phenanthridine against KB cancer cells. Moreover, the kinetic of cyclization of this prodrug was extremely rapid inside living cells of KB cancer spheroids so as to circumvent drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Maslah
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Charles Skarbek
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Catherine Gourson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Marie-Aude Plamont
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Pethe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Le Saux
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Labruère
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
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5
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Saxon E, Peng X. Recent Advances in Hydrogen Peroxide Responsive Organoborons for Biological and Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100366. [PMID: 34636113 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is the most stable reactive oxygen species generated endogenously, participating in numerous physiological processes and abnormal pathological conditions. Mounting evidence suggests that a higher level of H2 O2 exists in various disease conditions. Thus, H2 O2 functions as an ideal target for site-specific bioimaging and therapeutic targeting. The unique reactivity of organoborons with H2 O2 provides a method for developing chemoselective molecules for biological and biomedical applications. This review highlights the design and application of boron-derived molecules for H2 O2 detection, and the utility of boron moieties toward masking reactive compounds leading to the development of metal prochelators and prodrugs for selectively delivering an active species at the target sites with elevated H2 O2 levels. Additionally, the emergence of H2 O2 -responsive theranostic agents consisting of both therapeutic and diagnostic moieties in one integrated system are discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide a better understanding of the role of boron-derived molecules toward biological and pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eron Saxon
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Xiaohua Peng
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
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6
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Maslah H, Skarbek C, Gourson C, Plamont M, Pethe S, Jullien L, Le Saux T, Labruère R. In‐Cell Generation of Anticancer Phenanthridine Through Bioorthogonal Cyclization in Antitumor Prodrug Development. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hichem Maslah
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Charles Skarbek
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Catherine Gourson
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Marie‐Aude Plamont
- PASTEUR Département de chimie École normale supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Stéphanie Pethe
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- PASTEUR Département de chimie École normale supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Thomas Le Saux
- PASTEUR Département de chimie École normale supérieure PSL University Sorbonne Université CNRS 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
| | - Raphaël Labruère
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay 91405 Orsay France
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7
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Bruemmer KJ, Crossley SWM, Chang CJ. Activity-Based Sensing: A Synthetic Methods Approach for Selective Molecular Imaging and Beyond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13734-13762. [PMID: 31605413 PMCID: PMC7665898 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Emerging from the origins of supramolecular chemistry and the development of selective chemical receptors that rely on lock-and-key binding, activity-based sensing (ABS)-which utilizes molecular reactivity rather than molecular recognition for analyte detection-has rapidly grown into a distinct field to investigate the production and regulation of chemical species that mediate biological signaling and stress pathways, particularly metal ions and small molecules. Chemical reactions exploit the diverse chemical reactivity of biological species to enable the development of selective and sensitive synthetic methods to decipher their contributions within complex living environments. The broad utility of this reaction-driven approach facilitates application to imaging platforms ranging from fluorescence, luminescence, photoacoustic, magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography modalities. ABS methods are also being expanded to other fields, such as drug and materials discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Bruemmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Steven W M Crossley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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8
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Bruemmer KJ, Crossley SWM, Chang CJ. Aktivitätsbasierte Sensorik: ein synthetisch‐methodischer Ansatz für die selektive molekulare Bildgebung und darüber hinaus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Bruemmer
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | | | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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9
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Peiró Cadahía J, Previtali V, Troelsen NS, Clausen MH. Prodrug strategies for targeted therapy triggered by reactive oxygen species. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1531-1549. [PMID: 31673314 PMCID: PMC6786010 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00169g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been associated with numerous pathophysiological conditions including cancer and inflammation and the ROS stimulus constitutes a potential trigger for drug delivery strategies. Over the past decade, a number of ROS-sensitive functionalities have been identified with the purpose of introducing disease-targeting properties into small molecule drugs - a prodrug strategy that offers a promising approach for increasing the selectivity and efficacy of treatments. This review will provide an overview of the ROS-responsive prodrugs developed to date. A discussion on the current progress and limitations is provided along with a reflection on the unanswered questions that need to be addressed in order to advance this novel approach to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viola Previtali
- Center for Nanomedicine & Theranostics , Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207 , DK 2800 , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark .
| | - Nikolaj S Troelsen
- Center for Nanomedicine & Theranostics , Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207 , DK 2800 , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark .
| | - Mads H Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine & Theranostics , Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207 , DK 2800 , Kongens Lyngby , Denmark .
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10
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Fan Z, Xu H. Recent Progress in the Biological Applications of Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Polymers. POLYM REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2019.1641515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Beijing, P. R. China
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11
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Synthesis and characterization of hydrogen peroxide activated estrogen receptor beta ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2075-2082. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Sobotta FH, Hausig F, Harz DO, Hoeppener S, Schubert US, Brendel JC. Oxidation-responsive micelles by a one-pot polymerization-induced self-assembly approach. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01859b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Combining a sequential, one-pot RAFT polymerization with the polymerization-induced self-assembly process results in a versatile oxidation-responsive carrier system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian H. Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Franziska Hausig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Dominic O. Harz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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Zhang X, Huang B, Shen Y, Yang C, Huang Z, Huang Y, Xu X, Jiang Y, Sun X, Li X, Yan M, Zhao C. Near infrared light triggered reactive oxygen species responsive nanoparticles for chemo-photodynamic combined therapy. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2347-2357. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00308d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles with ROS-responsive properties could realize spatial and temporal drug release under NIR irradiation and the excess ROS could be used for PDT.
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14
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Zhang R, Zhang YD, Wang LX, Ge CH, Ma ZY, Miao JP, Zhang XD. Synthesis of a series of benzazaboroles as selective fluorescent receptors for iodide. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Metal ions are essential for a wide range of physiological processes, but they can also be toxic if not appropriately regulated by a complex network of metal trafficking proteins. Intervention in cellular metal distribution with small-molecule or peptide chelating agents has promising therapeutic potential to harness metals to fight disease. Molecular outcomes associated with forming metal-chelate interactions in situ include altering the concentration and subcellular metal distribution, inhibiting metalloenzymes, enhancing the reactivity of a metal species to elicit a favorable biological response, or passivating the reactivity of a metal species to prevent deleterious reactivity. The systemic administration of metal chelating agents, however, raises safety concerns due to the potential risks of indiscriminate extraction of metals from critical metalloproteins and inhibition of metalloenzymes. One can estimate that chelators capable of complexing metal ions with dissociation constants in the submicromolar range are thermodynamically capable of extracting metal ions from some metalloproteins and disrupting regular function. Such dissociation constants are easily attainable for multidentate chelators interacting with first-row d-block metal cations in relevant +1, + 2, and +3 oxidation states. To overcome this challenge of indiscriminate metal chelation, we have pursued a prodrug strategy for chelating agents in which the resulting "prochelator" has negligible metal binding affinity until a specific stimulus generates a favorable metal binding site. The prochelator strategy enables conditional metal chelation to occur preferentially in locations affected by disease- or therapy-associated stimuli, thereby minimizing off-target metal chelation. Our design of responsive prochelators encompasses three general approaches of activation: the "removal" approach operates by eliminating a masking group that blocks a potential metal chelation site to reveal the complete binding site under the desired conditions; the molecular "switch" approach involves a reversible conformational change between inactive and active forms of a chelator with differential metal binding affinity under specific conditions; and the "addition" approach adds a new ligand donor arm to the prochelator to constitute a complete metal chelation site. Adopting these approaches, we have created four categories of triggerable prochelators that respond to (1) reactive oxygen species, (2) light, (3) specific enzymes, and (4) biological regulatory events. This Account highlights progress from our group on building prochelators that showcase these four categories of responsive metal chelating agents for manipulating cellular metals. The creation and chemical understanding of such stimulus-responsive prochelators enables exciting applications for understanding the cell biology of metals and for developing therapies based on metal-dependent processes in a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Katherine J. Franz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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16
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Oliveri V, Vecchio G. Prochelator strategies for site-selective activation of metal chelators. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 162:31-43. [PMID: 27297691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal dyshomeostasis has been involved in the etiology of a host of pathologies such as Wilson's, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, transfusion-related iron overload diseases and cancer. Although metal chelating agents represent a necessary therapeutic strategy in metal overload diseases, long-term use of strong chelators that are not selective, can be anticipated perturbing normal physiological functions of essential metal-requiring biomolecules. In this context, the last decade has seen a growing interest in the development of molecules, referred to as "prochelators", that have little affinity for metal ions until they are activated in response to specific stimuli. Here, we present the main strategies applied to develop safe prochelators and focus on chosen examples to provide an overview of this field to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, C.I.R.C.M.S.B., Unità di Ricerca di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, C.I.R.C.M.S.B., Unità di Ricerca di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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17
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Ren M, Deng B, Wang JY, Kong X, Liu ZR, Zhou K, He L, Lin W. A fast responsive two-photon fluorescent probe for imaging H2O2 in lysosomes with a large turn-on fluorescence signal. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 79:237-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Xu Q, He C, Xiao C, Chen X. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Responsive Polymers for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:635-46. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Chaoliang He
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 P. R. China
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Aoki S, Ariyasu S, Hanaya K, Hisamatsu Y, Sugai T. Chemical Reactions of 8-Quinolinol Derivatives and Their Applications to Biochemical Tools and Enzyme Inhibitors. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2016. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.74.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Shinya Ariyasu
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University
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Kim D, Kim G, Nam SJ, Yin J, Yoon J. Visualization of endogenous and exogenous hydrogen peroxide using a lysosome-targetable fluorescent probe. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8488. [PMID: 25684681 PMCID: PMC4329546 DOI: 10.1038/srep08488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in diverse physiological processes; therefore, the efficient detection of ROS is very crucial. In this study, we report a boronate-based hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) probe having naphthalimide fluorophore. This probe also contained a morpholine moiety as a directing group for lysosome. The recognition property indicated that the probe exhibited high selectivity towards H2O2 not only in the solution but also in the living cells. Furthermore, it was used to monitor the level of endogenous and exogenous H2O2. These results support that the probe can function as an efficient indicator to detect H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Gyoungmi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan. 430079, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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