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Chen H, Nizard P, Decorse P, Nowak S, Ammar-Merah S, Pinson J, Gazeau F, Mangeney C, Luo Y. Dual-Mode Nanoprobes Based on Lanthanide Doped Fluoride Nanoparticles Functionalized by Aryl Diazonium Salts for Fluorescence and SERS Bioimaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305346. [PMID: 37875723 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The design of dual-mode fluorescence and Raman tags stimulates a growing interest in biomedical imaging and sensing applications as they offer the possibility to synergistically combine the versatility and velocity of fluorescence imaging with the specificity of Raman spectroscopy. Although lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles (NPs) are among the most studied fluorescent nanoprobes, their use for the development of bimodal fluorescent-Raman probes has never been reported yet, to the best of the authors knowledge, probably due to the difficulty to functionalize them with Raman reporter groups. This gap is filled herein by proposing a fast and straightforward approach based on aryl diazonium salt chemistry to functionalize Eu3+ or Tb3+ doped CaF2 and LaF3 NPs by Raman scatters. The resulting surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-encoded lanthanide-doped fluoride NPs retain their fluorescence labeling capacity and display efficient SERS activity for cell bioimaging. The potential of this new generation of bimodal nanoprobes is assessed through cell viability assays and intracellular fluorescence and Raman imaging, opening up unprecedented opportunities for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, F-75006, France
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes MSC, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Philippe Nizard
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, F-75006, France
- Structural and Molecular Analysis platform core facility of BioMedTech Facilities INSERM US36, CNRS UAR2009, Université Paris Cité, Paris, F-75006, France
| | | | - Sophie Nowak
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, ITODYS, Paris, F-75013, France
| | | | - Jean Pinson
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, ITODYS, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes MSC, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Claire Mangeney
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, F-75006, France
| | - Yun Luo
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, F-75006, France
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2
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Tavakkoli Z, Goljani H, Sepehrmansourie H, Nematollahi D, Zolfigol MA. New insight into the electrochemical reduction of different aryldiazonium salts in aqueous solutions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25811-25815. [PMID: 35479439 PMCID: PMC9037153 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04482f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of different aryldiazonium salts in aqueous solution was studied in this work and it is shown that the aryldiazonium salts are converted to the corresponding aryl radical and aryl anion. The results of this research indicate that the reduction of aryldiazonium salts takes place in two single-electron steps. Our data show that when the substituted group on the phenyl ring is H, Cl, OH, NO2, OCH3 or SO3−, the corresponding diazonium salt shows poor adsorption characteristics, but when the substituted group is methyl, the corresponding diazonium salt shows strong adsorption characteristics. In the latter case, the voltammogram exhibits three cathodic peaks. In addition, the effect of various substitutions on the aryldiazonium reduction was studied by Hammett's method. The data are show that with increasing electron withdrawing capacity of the substituent, the reduction of corresponding diazonium salt becomes easier. Electrochemical reduction of different aryldiazonium salts in aqueous solution was studied. It is shown that the aryldiazonium salts are converted to the corresponding aryl radical and aryl anion.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tavakkoli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | - Hamed Goljani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University Hamedan 65174 Iran
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3
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McNeill AR, Martinez-Gazoni R, Reeves RJ, Allen MW, Downard AJ. Electroreduction of Aryldiazonium Ion at the Polar and Non-Polar Faces of ZnO: Characterisation of the Grafted Films and Their Influence on Near-Surface Band Bending. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1344-1351. [PMID: 33942472 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ZnO is a strong candidate for transparent electronic devices due to its wide band gap and earth-abundance, yet its practical use is limited by its surface metallicity arising from a surface electron accumulation layer (SEAL). The SEAL forms by hydroxylation of the surface under normal atmospheric conditions, and is present at all crystal faces of ZnO, although with differing hydroxyl structures. Multilayer aryl films grafted from aryldiazonium salts have previously been shown to decrease the downward bending at O-polar ZnO thin films, with Zn-O-C bonds anchoring the aryl films to the substrate. Herein we show that the Zn-polar (0001), O-polar (000 1 ‾ ), and non-polar m-plane (10 1 ‾ 0) faces of ZnO single crystals, can also be successfully electrografted with nitrophenyl (NP) films. In all cases, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements reveal that the downward surface band bending decreases after modification. XPS provides strong evidence for Zn-O-C bonding at each face. Electrochemical reduction of NP films on O-polar ZnO single crystals converts the film to a mainly aminophenyl layer, although with negligible further change in band bending. This contrasts with the large upward shifts in band bending caused by X-ray induced reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R McNeill
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 4180, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Syft Technologies, 3 Craft Place, 8024, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rodrigo Martinez-Gazoni
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 4180, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Roger J Reeves
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 4180, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Martin W Allen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 4180, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alison J Downard
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 4180, Christchurch, New Zealand
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4
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Abstract
The challenges of diazonium salts stabilization have been overcome by their isolation as metal salts such as tetrachloroaurate(III). The cleavage of molecular nitrogen from diazonium salts even at very low potential or on reducing surfaces by fine tuning the substituents on the phenyl ring expanded their applications as surface modifiers in forensic science, nanomedicine engineering, catalysis and energy. The robustness of the metal–carbon bonding produced from diazonium salts reduction has already opened an era for further applications. The integration of experimental and calculations in this field catalyzed its speedy progress. This review provides a narrative of the progress in this chemistry with stress on our recent contribution, identifies potential applications, and highlights the needs in this emerging field. For these reasons, we hope that this review paper serves as motivation for others to enter this developing field of surface modification originating from diazonium salts.
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Interface Chemistry of Graphene/Cu Grafted By 3,4,5-Tri-Methoxyphenyl. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4114. [PMID: 32139839 PMCID: PMC7058071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical reaction with diazonium molecules has revealed to be a powerful method for the surface chemical modification of graphite, carbon nanotubes and recently also of graphene. Graphene electronic structure modification using diazonium molecules is strongly influenced by graphene growth and by the supporting materials. Here, carrying on a detailed study of core levels and valence band photoemission measurements, we are able to reconstruct the interface chemistry of trimethoxybenzenediazonium-based molecules electrochemically grafted on graphene on copper. The band energy alignment at the molecule-graphene interface has been traced revealing the energy position of the HOMO band with respect to the Fermi level.
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6
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Oweis Y, Algizani S, Mezour MA, Alageel O, Abdallah MN, Mahjoubi H, Ng B, Laurenti M, Cerruti M, Tamimi F. Biocompatibility and Durability of Diazonium Adhesives on Dental Alloys. J Prosthodont 2019; 29:251-260. [PMID: 31782584 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A new type of diazonium-based adhesive has been recently developed by our team to bind dental alloys (Titanium, stainless steel, and cobalt chromium) to dental polymers. Here, we explored the endurance of the resulting adhesive after thermal-cycling and autoclave aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polished samples of titanium (Ti), stainless steel (SS) and cobalt chromium (Co-Cr) were coated with a diazonium-based adhesive. Untreated samples served as controls (n = 12 per each condition). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to characterize the elemental compositions of the different surfaces. Biocompatibility of the coated alloys was assessed with human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and total organic carbon (TOC) analyses were used to quantify the ions and organic matters released from the diazonium coated alloys. Endurance of the adhesives was assessed by exposing the samples to autoclaving and thermal-cycling. The tensile strength of the poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)-alloy bond was also tested. RESULTS Results of mechanical testing demonstrated a higher endurance of the coated CoCr, Ti, and SS compared to the uncoated alloys. The human fibroblasts cultured on the substrates remained alive and metabolically active, and the coatings did not release significant amounts of toxic chemicals in solutions. CONCLUSIONS The results further support the use of diazonium-based adhesives as new coupling agents for dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Oweis
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman, Jordan
| | - Suliman Algizani
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Mohamed-Amine Mezour
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada.,Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Omar Alageel
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada.,King Saud University, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Riyadh, SA 11451
| | - Mohamed-Nur Abdallah
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hesam Mahjoubi
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Brandon Ng
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain.,Department of Photonic Materials, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C7, Canada
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Zhou G, Wang Y, Zhou R, Wang C, Jin Y, Qiu J, Hua C, Cao Y. Synthesis of amino-functionalized bentonite/CoFe 2O 4@MnO 2 magnetic recoverable nanoparticles for aqueous Cd 2+ removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 682:505-513. [PMID: 31129538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nano-composite materials have been attracting considerable attention due to their unique properties and versatile applications. In this study, a novel magnetic amino-functionalized conjugate adsorbent, named as bentonite/CoFe2O4@MnO2-NH2 (BCFMNs), was synthesized by combining APTES and MnO2 with magnetic bentonite. XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDS, TEM, and VSM techniques were used to characterize its structure and magnetic properties. Results were in indicative of productive synthesis, well-defined architecture and satisfactory magnetism. BET examinations illustrated 84.97m2/g of specific surface area, 0.15cm3/g of pore volume and 7.02nm average pore size. The effect parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration and ion selectivity and recycling were evaluated and optimized systematically. Also, the metal concentrations were measured by ICP-MS spectrometer. The feasibility of the BCFMNs for removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solution was also evaluated by adsorption experiments with the maximal adsorption efficiency for Cd2+ up to 98.88%. Cd2+ adsorption could be interpreted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was 115.79mg/g. The results revealed that the adsorbent still had higher selectivity of Cd2+ removal even in the presence of high concentration coexisting cations. The as-prepared magnetic conjugate adsorbent could be recycled by taking advantage of its magnetic properties. The distinctive structure of BCFMNs and its excellent adsorption performance of cadmium reflects its prospective application in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Zhou
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Runsheng Zhou
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuizhen Wang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yuqin Jin
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunyu Hua
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiyun Cao
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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8
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Sanders S, Golden TD. Functionalization of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles to Influence Hydrophobic Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5841-5847. [PMID: 30969777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electroless functionalization of cerium oxide nanoparticles (NPs) based on the grafting of aryl groups from the reduction of diazonium salts is presented as a useful and facile method for enhancing the properties of the NPs. For this study, 4-methyl-, 4-ethyl-, and 4- n-butyl-benzene diazonium salts were used as model molecules to demonstrate the ability to change the hydrophobic properties of the cerium oxide (CeO2) NPs. The grafting reaction was investigated under two reducing environments: the addition of a chemical reducing agent and the use of cerium oxide's native reducing property. Spectroscopic evidence for the successful attachment of aryl groups to the CeO2 NPs was given by infrared and 13C SS-NMR, which clearly detect characteristic aryl C-C peaks and the alkyl chains. X-ray diffraction results confirmed that the NPs underlying the crystal structure was unaffected by the grafting process. Thermal gravimetric analysis of the NPs suggested that this method enables the formation of multilayers at the surface, as well as an increase in the hydrophobic character. Hydrophobic properties of the resultant NPs further examined with a water contact angle test on pressed pellets revealed increase in hydrophobicity with increasing alkyl chain length. This research opens up new possibilities for controlling the surface chemical composition of CeO2 NPs as well as other NPs using procedures operated in aqueous environments at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sanders
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Teresa D Golden
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
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9
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Schuurman JC, McNeill AR, Martinez-Gazoni RF, Scott JI, Reeves RJ, Allen MW, Downard AJ. The effect of covalently bonded aryl layers on the band bending and electron density of SnO2 surfaces probed by synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:17913-17922. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A downward to upward surface band bending change can be induced by grafted 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups on SnO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel C. Schuurman
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Alexandra R. McNeill
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Rodrigo F. Martinez-Gazoni
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Jonty I. Scott
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Roger J. Reeves
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
| | - Martin W. Allen
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- Wellington 6012
- New Zealand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Canterbury
| | - Alison J. Downard
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
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Berisha A, Combellas C, Kanoufi F, Médard J, Decorse P, Mangeney C, Kherbouche I, Seydou M, Maurel F, Pinson J. Alkyl-Modified Gold Surfaces: Characterization of the Au-C Bond. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11264-11271. [PMID: 30173513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The surface of gold can be modified with alkyl groups through a radical crossover reaction involving alkyliodides or bromides in the presence of a sterically hindered diazonium salt. In this paper, we characterize the Au-C(alkyl) bond by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); the corresponding peak appears at 387 cm-1 close to the value obtained by theoretical modeling. The Au-C(alkyl) bond energy is also calculated, it reaches -36.9 kcal mol-1 similar to that of an Au-S-alkyl bond but also of an Au-C(aryl) bond. In agreement with the similar energies of Au-C(alkyl) and Au-S-(alkyl), we demonstrate experimentally that these groups can be exchanged on the surface of gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avni Berisha
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
- Chemistry Department of Natural Sciences Faculty , University of Prishtina , rr. "Nëna Tereze" nr. 5 , 10000 Prishtina , Kosovo
| | - Catherine Combellas
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Jérôme Médard
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Philippe Decorse
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Claire Mangeney
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Issam Kherbouche
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Mahamadou Seydou
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - François Maurel
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Jean Pinson
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
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11
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Mezour MA, Oweis Y, El-Hadad AA, Algizani S, Tamimi F, Cerruti M. Surface modification of CoCr alloys by electrochemical reduction of diazonium salts. RSC Adv 2018; 8:23191-23198. [PMID: 35540168 PMCID: PMC9081548 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02634c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the surface chemistry of CoCr alloys is of tremendous interest in many biomedical applications. In this work, we show that CoCr can be modified by diazonium electrografting provided the surface is not homogeneously covered with an oxide layer. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the electrografting of a poly(aminophenylene) (PAP) layer on CoCr when treated at a reductive potential (CoCr-0.5 V), whereas no PAP film was formed on CoCrOCP and CoCr1 V, treated at open circuit and anodic potentials respectively. Based on XPS results, we attributed the electrografting to the formation of carbide bonds between PAP and the inhomogeneous thin oxide layer of CoCr-0.5 V. We then show an example of application of PAP coatings on CoCr and prove that the presence of a PAP coating on CoCr-0.5 V results in a 5-fold increase of the adherence of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) to PAP-coated CoCr compared to uncoated samples; this is of prime significance to improving the long-term stability of dental prostheses. These findings support the importance of reducing the oxide layer for effective functionalization of metal oxides with aryl diazonium salts and suggest a promising surface modification approach for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mezour
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 2B2 Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C7 Canada
| | - Y Oweis
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C7 Canada
| | - A A El-Hadad
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C7 Canada
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - S Algizani
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C7 Canada
| | - F Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, Rue University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C7 Canada
| | - M Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 2B2 Canada
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12
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Kim YS, Fournier S, Lau-Truong S, Decorse P, Devillers CH, Lucas D, Harris KD, Limoges B, Balland V. Introducing Molecular Functionalities within High Surface Area Nanostructured ITO Electrodes through Diazonium Electrografting. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Seul Kim
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; 15 rue J-A de Baïf F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Sophie Fournier
- UCMUB UMR 6302; CNRS Université Bourgogne Franche Comté; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Stéphanie Lau-Truong
- Laboratoire ITODYS, UMR CNRS 7086; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; 15 rue J-A de Baïf F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Philippe Decorse
- Laboratoire ITODYS, UMR CNRS 7086; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; 15 rue J-A de Baïf F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | | | - Dominique Lucas
- UCMUB UMR 6302; CNRS Université Bourgogne Franche Comté; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Kenneth D. Harris
- NRC Nanotechnology Research Center, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada, & Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
| | - Benoît Limoges
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; 15 rue J-A de Baïf F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Véronique Balland
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 7591; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; 15 rue J-A de Baïf F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
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13
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Bangle R, Sampaio RN, Troian-Gautier L, Meyer GJ. Surface Grafting of Ru(II) Diazonium-Based Sensitizers on Metal Oxides Enhances Alkaline Stability for Solar Energy Conversion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:3121-3132. [PMID: 29272096 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The electrografting of [Ru(ttt)(tpy-C6H4-N2+)]3+, where "ttt" is 4,4',4″-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, was investigated on several wide band gap metal oxide surfaces (TiO2, SnO2, ZrO2, ZnO, In2O3:Sn) and compared to structurally analogous sensitizers that differed only by the anchoring group, i.e., -PO3H2 and -COOH. An optimized procedure for diazonium electrografting to semiconductor metal oxides is presented that allowed surface coverages that ranged between 4.7 × 10-8 and 10.6 × 10-8 mol cm-2 depending on the nature of the metal oxide. FTIR analysis showed the disappearance of the diazonium stretch at 2266 cm-1 after electrografting. XPS analysis revealed a characteristic peak of Ru 3d at 285 eV as well as a peak at 531.6 eV that was attributed to O 1s in Ti-O-C bonds. Photocurrents were measured to assess electron injection efficiency of these modified surfaces. The electrografted sensitizers exhibited excellent stability across a range of pHs spanning from 1 to 14, where classical binding groups such as carboxylic and phosphonic derivatives were hydrolyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bangle
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Renato N Sampaio
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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14
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Bouden S, Pinson J, Vautrin-Ul C. Electrografting of diazonium salts: A kinetics study. Electrochem commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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15
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Berisha A, Hazimeh H, Galtayries A, Decorse P, Kanoufi F, Combellas C, Pinson J, Podvorica FI. Grafting of an aluminium surface with organic layers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15313e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The grafting of organic films on an aluminum surface is demonstrated by various methods: spontaneous reduction of aryldiazonium salts, and alkyl iodides, spontaneous reaction of perfluoroalkylamine and photochemical grafting of acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avni Berisha
- Sorbonne Paris Cité
- Univ Paris Diderot
- ITODYS
- UMR 7086 CNRS
- 75013 Paris
| | - Hassan Hazimeh
- PSL Research University
- ESPCI ParisTech
- 75231 Paris Cedex 05
- France
| | - Anouk Galtayries
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech – CNRS
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- 75005 Paris
- France
| | - Philippe Decorse
- Sorbonne Paris Cité
- Univ Paris Diderot
- ITODYS
- UMR 7086 CNRS
- 75013 Paris
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Sorbonne Paris Cité
- Univ Paris Diderot
- ITODYS
- UMR 7086 CNRS
- 75013 Paris
| | | | - Jean Pinson
- Sorbonne Paris Cité
- Univ Paris Diderot
- ITODYS
- UMR 7086 CNRS
- 75013 Paris
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16
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Mallakpour S, Motirasoul F. Covalent surface modification of α-MnO2 nanorods with l-valine amino acid by solvothermal strategy, preparation of PVA/α-MnO2-l-valine nanocomposite films and study of their morphology, thermal, mechanical, Pb(ii) and Cd(ii) adsorption properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11123h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface of α-manganese dioxide (α-MnO2) nanorods was modified chemically with l-valine amino acid by a solvothermal strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadpour Mallakpour
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Forough Motirasoul
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Islamic Republic of Iran
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17
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Berisha A, Chehimi M, Pinson J, Podvorica F. Electrode Surface Modification Using Diazonium Salts. ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: A SERIES OF ADVANCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1201/b19196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Thomas YRJ, Benayad A, Schroder M, Morin A, Pauchet J. New Method for Super Hydrophobic Treatment of Gas Diffusion Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using Electrochemical Reduction of Diazonium Salts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:15068-15077. [PMID: 26098140 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to report a new method for the surface functionalization of commercially available gas diffusion layers (GDLs) by the electrochemical reduction of diazonium salt containing hydrophobic functional groups. The method results in superhydrophobic GDLs, over a large area, without pore blocking. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study based on core level spectra and chemical mapping has demonstrated the successful grafting route, resulting in a homogeneous distribution of the covalently bonded hydrophobic molecules on the surface of the GDL fibers. The result was corroborated by contact angle measurement, showing similar hydrophobicity between the grafted and PTFE-modified GDLs. The electrochemically modified GDLs were tested in proton exchange membrane fuel cells under automotive, wet, and dry conditions and demonstrated improved performance over traditional GDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann R J Thomas
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique de Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Anass Benayad
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique de Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Maxime Schroder
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique de Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Arnaud Morin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique de Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Joël Pauchet
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique de Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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19
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Charlton MR, Suhr KJ, Holliday BJ, Stevenson KJ. Electrochemical modification of indium tin oxide using di(4-nitrophenyl) iodonium tetrafluoroborate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:695-702. [PMID: 25526354 DOI: 10.1021/la503522c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic applications often rely on indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode material. Improvements in the performance of such devices as photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes often requires robust, controllable modification of the ITO surface to enhance interfacial charge transfer properties. In this work, modifier films were deposited onto ITO by the electrochemical reduction of di(4-nitrophenyl) iodonium tetrafluoroborate (DNP), allowing for control over surface functionalization. The surface coverage could be tuned from submonolayer to multilayer coverage by either varying the DNP concentration or the number of cyclic voltammetry (CV) grafting scans. Modification of ITO with 0.8 mM DNP resulted in near-monolayer surface coverage (4.95 × 10(14) molecules/cm(2)). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed the presence of 4-nitrophenyl (NO2Ph) moieties on the ITO surface through the detection of a NO2 nitrogen signal at 405.6 eV after grafting. Further XPS evidence suggests that the NO2Ph radicals do not bond to the surface indium or tin sites, consistent with modification occurring either through bonding to surface hydroxyl groups or through strong physisorption on ITO. CV in the presence of an electroactive probe and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to investigate the electronic effects that modification via DNP has on ITO. Even at submonolayer coverage, the insulating organic films can reduce the current response to ferrocene oxidation and reduction by more than 25% and increase the charge transfer resistance by a factor of 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Charlton
- Texas Materials Institute, ‡Materials Science & Engineering Graduate Program, and §Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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20
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Zeb G, Viel P, Palacin S, Le XT. On the chemical grafting of titanium nitride by diazonium chemistry. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07875j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Grafting of aminophenylene layer onto titanium nitride at different thicknesses can be achieved through the diazonium chemistry. The functionalized titanium nitride can find applications in areas: microelectronics, electrocatalysis, biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Zeb
- MiQro Innovation Collaborative Centre (C2MI)
- Bromont
- Canada
| | - Pascal Viel
- Laboratory of Innovation in Chemistry of Surfaces and Nanosciences
- CEA Saclay
- IRAMIS /NIMBE
- Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex
- France
| | - Serge Palacin
- Laboratory of Innovation in Chemistry of Surfaces and Nanosciences
- CEA Saclay
- IRAMIS /NIMBE
- Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex
- France
| | - Xuan Tuan Le
- MiQro Innovation Collaborative Centre (C2MI)
- Bromont
- Canada
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21
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Li D, Kong N, Liu J, Wang H, Barrow CJ, Zhang S, Yang W. Real-time electrochemical monitoring of covalent bond formation in solution via nanoparticle–electrode collisions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16349-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06228d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We describe an alternative electrochemical technique to monitor covalent bond formation in real-time using nanoparticle–electrode collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Deakin University
- Australia
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Deakin University
- Australia
| | - Jingquan Liu
- College of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao 266071
- China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers
- Linyi University
- Linyi 276005
- China
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Deakin University
- Australia
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers
- Linyi University
- Linyi 276005
- China
| | - Wenrong Yang
- Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Deakin University
- Australia
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