1
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Ang YS, Yung LYL. Protein-to-DNA Converter with High Signal Gain. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10454-10463. [PMID: 38572806 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
DNA isothermal amplification techniques have been applied extensively for evaluating nucleic acid inputs but cannot be implemented directly on other types of biomolecules. In this work, we designed a proximity activation mechanism that converts protein input into DNA barcodes for the DNA exponential amplification reaction, which we termed PEAR. Several design parameters were identified and experimentally verified, which included the choice of enzymes, sequences of proximity probes and template strand via the NUPACK design tool, and the implementation of a hairpin lock on the proximity probe structure. Our PEAR system was surprisingly more robust against nonspecific DNA amplification, which is a major challenge faced in existing formats of the DNA-based exponential amplification reaction. The as-designed PEAR exhibited good target responsiveness for three protein models with a dynamic range of 4-5 orders of magnitude down to femtomolar input concentration. Overall, our proposed protein-to-DNA converter module led to the development of a stable and robust configuration of the DNA exponential amplification reaction to achieve high signal gain. We foresee this enabling the use of protein inputs for more complex molecular evaluation as well as ultrasensitive protein detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shan Ang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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2
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Xing X, Gao M, Lei M, Cheng K, Zhao Y, Du X, Zong L, Qiu D, Liu X. MOF-mediated dual energy transfer nanoprobe integrated with exonuclease III amplification strategy for highly sensitive detection of DNA. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1916-1922. [PMID: 38497280 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Accurate quantitative detection of DNA is an advanced strategy in various fields (such as disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring), but the classical DNA detection method usually suffers from low sensitivity, expensive thermal cyclers, or strict annealing conditions. Herein, a MOF-ERA platform for ultrasensitive HBV-DNA detection is constructed by integrating metal-organic framework (MOF)-mediated double energy transfer nanoprobe with exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted target recycling amplification. The proposed double energy transfer containing a donor and two receptors is simply composed of MOFs (UiO-66-NH2, a well-studied MOF) modified with a signal probe formed by the hybridization of carboxyuorescein (FAM)-labeled DNA (FDNA) and black hole quencher (BHQ1)-terminated DNA (QDNA), resulting in low fluorescence signal. After the addition of HBV-DNA, Exo III degradation to FDNA is activated, leading to the liberation of the numerous FAM molecules, followed by the generation of a significant fluorescence signal owing to the negligible binding of MOFs with free FAM molecules. The results certify that the MOF-ERA platform can be successfully used to assay HBV-DNA in the range of 1.0-25.0 nM with a detection limit of 97.2 pM, which is lower than that without BHQ1 or Exo III. The proposed method with the superiorities of low background signal and high selectivity holds promise for early disease diagnosis and clinical biomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xing
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Mengying Gao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Minglin Lei
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Kunqi Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Yifan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Xianchao Du
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Luyi Zong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Dongfang Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Xueguo Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, Department of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473004, China.
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3
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Yu X, Zhang S, Guo W, Li B, Yang Y, Xie B, Li K, Zhang L. Recent Advances on Functional Nucleic-Acid Biosensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7109. [PMID: 34770415 PMCID: PMC8587875 DOI: 10.3390/s21217109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, biosensors have been gradually developed for the rapid detection and monitoring of human diseases. Recently, functional nucleic-acid (FNA) biosensors have attracted the attention of scholars due to a series of advantages such as high stability and strong specificity, as well as the significant progress they have made in terms of biomedical applications. However, there are few reports that systematically and comprehensively summarize its working principles, classification and application. In this review, we primarily introduce functional modes of biosensors that combine functional nucleic acids with different signal output modes. In addition, the mechanisms of action of several media of the FNA biosensor are introduced. Finally, the practical application and existing problems of FNA sensors are discussed, and the future development directions and application prospects of functional nucleic acid sensors are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (X.Y.); (S.Z.); (W.G.); (B.L.); (Y.Y.); (B.X.); (K.L.)
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4
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Mao J, Tang S, Liang S, Pan W, Kang Y, Cheng J, Yu D, Chen J, Lou J, Zhao H, Zhou J. A new self-passivating template with the phosphorothioate strategy to effectively improve the detection limit and applicability of exponential amplification reaction. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3947-3953. [PMID: 34528948 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00520k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) has attracted much attention due to its simple primers and high amplification efficiency, but its applications are hindered by severe non-specificity amplification. Convenient exogenous chemical modification methods modified the entire template while inhibiting both non-specific and specific amplification. In this paper, we proposed a new self-passivating template with the phosphorothioate strategy to effectively improve the detection limit and applicability of EXPAR. We phosphorothioated several bases where the sequence was prone to form transient intermolecular 3'-end hybridization, thereby inhibiting the non-specific interactions and preventing the extension of templates by DNA polymerase. The melting temperature (Tm) curve and density functional theory (DFT) proved that the stability of hydrogen bonds between phosphorothioated bases did decrease. Benefitting from this strategy, the detection limit had been improved by 3 orders of magnitude. Moreover, due to the antioxidation property of phosphorothioate, this strategy showed good stability in serum, reflecting its excellent prospects in clinical sampling and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Mao
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shiyi Tang
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sijia Liang
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wufan Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanlei Kang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Management & Application of Modern Agricultural Resources, School of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianbo Cheng
- Yantai Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Lab Theoret & Computat Chem, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Dongdong Yu
- Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310052, China
| | - Jingan Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310052, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310052, China
| | - Jianguang Zhou
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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5
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Li M, Yin F, Song L, Mao X, Li F, Fan C, Zuo X, Xia Q. Nucleic Acid Tests for Clinical Translation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10469-10558. [PMID: 34254782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), are natural biopolymers composed of nucleotides that store, transmit, and express genetic information. Overexpressed or underexpressed as well as mutated nucleic acids have been implicated in many diseases. Therefore, nucleic acid tests (NATs) are extremely important. Inspired by intracellular DNA replication and RNA transcription, in vitro NATs have been extensively developed to improve the detection specificity, sensitivity, and simplicity. The principles of NATs can be in general classified into three categories: nucleic acid hybridization, thermal-cycle or isothermal amplification, and signal amplification. Driven by pressing needs in clinical diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases, NATs have evolved to be a rapidly advancing field. During the past ten years, an explosive increase of research interest in both basic research and clinical translation has been witnessed. In this review, we aim to provide comprehensive coverage of the progress to analyze nucleic acids, use nucleic acids as recognition probes, construct detection devices based on nucleic acids, and utilize nucleic acids in clinical diagnosis and other important fields. We also discuss the new frontiers in the field and the challenges to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fangfei Yin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lu Song
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.,Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Xiuhai Mao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fan Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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6
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Graphene oxide assisted light-up aptamer selection against Thioflavin T for label-free detection of microRNA. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4291. [PMID: 33619372 PMCID: PMC7900183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We selected an aptamer against a fluorogenic dye called Thioflavin T (ThT). Aptamers are single-stranded DNA that can bind a specific target. We selected the ThT aptamer using graphene oxide assisted SELEX and a low-cost Open qPCR instrument. We optimized, minimized, and characterized the best aptamer candidate against ThT. The aptamer, ThT dye, and the enzymatic strand displacement amplification (SDA) were used in a label-free approach to detect the micro RNA miR-215 in saliva and serum. The aptamer confers higher specificity than intercalating dyes but without expensive covalently modified DNA probes. This isothermal, low-cost, simple method can detect both DNA and RNA. The target, miR-215, was detected with a limit of detection of 2.6 nM.
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7
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A simple, one-pot and ultrasensitive DNA sensor via Exo III-Assisted target recycling and 3D DNA walker cascade amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1147:15-22. [PMID: 33485573 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, and user-friendly nucleic acid detection is of growing importance in early clinical diagnosis. Here, we construct a simple, one-pot and ultrasensitive DNA sensor via exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted target recycling amplification (ERA) combined with 3D DNA walker cascade amplification. In the presence of single-stranded DNA target, the ERA process is activated to generate numerous walker strands (WS). Thereafter, Exo III-powered WSs autonomously move along magnetic bead (MB)-based 3D track to release numerous AgNCs into the supernatant as an amplified signal output. This biosensor had a low detection limit of 18 fM and an analytical range of 40 fM to 1 pM. Furthermore, the practical application potential of this biosensor was also confirmed by the spiking experiments of p53 into human serum and urine samples.
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8
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Wang L, Zhang H, Xie Y, Chen H, Ren C, Chen X. Target-mediated hyperbranched amplification for sensitive detection of human alkyladenine DNA glycosylase from HeLa cells. Talanta 2018; 194:846-851. [PMID: 30609614 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human alkyladenine DNA glycosylase (hAAG) is an important protein enzyme which can specifically recognize and initiate the repair of a variety of alkylated purines and hypoxanthine, and the dysregulation of hAAG activity is associated with various human diseases. Although there are several methods focusing on hAAG detection, they share common defects such as time-consuming protocols, laborious operation or requirement of expensive analytical instruments. Herein, taking advantage of the high amplification efficiency of hyperbranched signal amplification and the low background signals by modifying NH2 at 3' terminus of hairpin substrate and signal probe to prevent the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-activated nonspecific amplification, a fluoresence method for sensitive detection of hAAG was established using TdT-activated Endonuclease IV (Endo IV)-assisted hyperbranched signal amplification. This method exhibits high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 0.090 U/mL for pure hAAG and shows a large dynamic range of 3 orders of magnitude from 0.1 to 50 U/mL, and it can be applied for accurate detection of hAAG in complicated HeLa nuclear extract. Moreover, the method can be used for discrimination of hAAG from other DNA glycosylases, holding great potential in hAAG-related biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huige Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Cuiling Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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9
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Wang LJ, Wang ZY, Zhang CY. Primer dephosphorylation-initiated circular exponential amplification for ultrasensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase. Analyst 2018; 143:4606-4613. [PMID: 30191935 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01647j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important diagnostic indicator for various human diseases including bone diseases, liver dysfunction, diabetes, breast and prostatic cancers. However, the conventional methods for ALP assay are usually cumbersome and time-consuming with low sensitivity. Here, we develop a new fluorescent method for ultrasensitive detection of ALP activity on the basis of primer dephosphorylation-initiated isothermal circular exponential amplification. We design two dual-functional hairpin probes (HP1 and HP2), which function as both the templates for exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) and the generators for signal output. In the presence of ALP, the 3'-phosphorylated primer is dephosphorylated and subsequently hybridizes with the 3' protruding end of HP1 to initiate the first strand displacement amplification (SDA), producing trigger 1 and fluorescence signal. The released trigger 1 is complementary to the 3' protruding end of HP2 for the initiation of the second SDA, producing trigger 2 and fluorescence signal. Notably, trigger 2 is complementary to the 3' protruding end of HP1 and may subsequently initiate two consecutive SDAs, enabling circular EXPAR to generate an amplified fluorescence signal. This method exhibits high sensitivity with a detection limit of 2.0 × 10-10 U μL-1 and a large dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude from 1.0 × 10-9 to 1.0 × 10-4 U μL-1, and it can measure ALP at the single-cell level. Importantly, this method can be applied for the measurement of kinetic parameters and the screening of potential inhibitors, providing a powerful tool for ALP-related biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Zi-Yue Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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10
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Reid MS, Le XC, Zhang H. Die exponentielle isotherme Amplifikation von Nukleinsäuren und Assays zur Detektion von Proteinen, Zellen, kleinen Molekülen und Enzymaktivitäten: Anwendungen für EXPAR. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Reid
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Kanada
| | - X. Chris Le
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Kanada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Kanada
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Kanada
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11
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Reid MS, Le XC, Zhang H. Exponential Isothermal Amplification of Nucleic Acids and Assays for Proteins, Cells, Small Molecules, and Enzyme Activities: An EXPAR Example. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11856-11866. [PMID: 29704305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Isothermal exponential amplification techniques, such as strand-displacement amplification (SDA), rolling circle amplification (RCA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA), helicase-dependent amplification (HDA), and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), have great potential for on-site, point-of-care, and in situ assay applications. These amplification techniques eliminate the need for temperature cycling, as required for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while achieving comparable amplification yields. We highlight here recent advances in the exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) for the detection of nucleic acids, proteins, enzyme activities, cells, and metal ions. The incorporation of fluorescence, colorimetric, chemiluminescence, Raman, and electrochemical approaches enables the highly sensitive detection of a variety of targets. Remaining issues, such as undesirable background amplification resulting from nonspecific template interactions, must be addressed to further improve isothermal and exponential amplification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - X Chris Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada
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12
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Reid MS, Paliwoda RE, Zhang H, Le XC. Reduction of Background Generated from Template-Template Hybridizations in the Exponential Amplification Reaction. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11033-11039. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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13
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Wang LJ, Han X, Li CC, Zhang CY. Single-ribonucleotide repair-mediated ligation-dependent cycling signal amplification for sensitive and specific detection of DNA methyltransferase. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6053-6061. [PMID: 30079218 PMCID: PMC6053742 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific and sensitive detection of DNA MTase activity can be achieved by a single-ribonucleotide repair-mediated ligation-dependent cycling signal amplification approach.
DNA methylation is a predominant epigenetic modification that plays crucial roles in various cellular processes. DNA methyltransferase (MTase) is responsible for DNA methylation, and its dysregulation may induce aberrant methylation patterns that are closely related to cancers. Conventional methods for DNA MTase assay are usually cumbersome and laborious with poor sensitivity. Alternatively, some signal amplification strategies are employed to improve the sensitivity, but they suffer from poor specificity and consequently limited sensitivity due to the nonspecific amplification. Herein, we develop for the first time a new fluorescence method to specifically and sensitively detect DNA MTase activity on the basis of single-ribonucleotide repair-mediated ligation-dependent cycling signal amplification. In the presence of DNA MTase, the hairpin substrate is methylated and cleaved by endonuclease Dpn I, releasing a 24-nt cleavage product. The 24-nt cleavage product may function as a primer and adjacently hybridize with the ligation probes (LP1 and LP2) to form the template (LP1–LP2) for strand displacement amplification (SDA), initiating the single-ribonucleotide repair-mediated cyclic ligation-dependent SDA to produce a large number of reporter probes. The reporter probe can subsequently hybridize with the signal probe that is modified with FAM and BHQ1 to form a stable double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) duplex with a ribonucleotide mismatch. Ribonuclease HII (RNase HII) can excise the single ribonucleotide, resulting in the cyclic cleavage of signal probes and the generation of an enhanced fluorescence signal. Taking advantage of the high specificity of RNase HII-catalyzed single-ribonucleotide excision and the high amplification efficiency of cyclic ligation-dependent SDA, this assay exhibits the highest sensitivity reported so far with a detection limit of 4.8 × 10–6 U mL–1 and a large dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude. Moreover, this method can be used for the discrimination of Dam MTase from other DNA MTases, the accurate quantification of Dam MTase activity in E. coli cells, and the screening of Dam MTase inhibitors, providing a new paradigm for biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 531 86186033
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 531 86186033
| | - Chen-Chen Li
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 531 86186033
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 531 86186033
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14
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Liu Y, Gao L, Yan H, Shangguan J, Zhang Z, Xiang X. A cationic conjugated polymer coupled with exonuclease I: application to the fluorometric determination of protein and cell imaging. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:118. [PMID: 29594586 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A strategy is described for the detection of protein by using a cationic fluorescent conjugated polymer coupled with exonuclease I (Exo I). Taking streptavidin (SA) as model protein, it is observed that Exo I can digest single-stranded DNA conjugated with biotin and carboxyfluorescein (P1) if SA is absent. This leads to the formation of small nucleotide fragments and to weak fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the polymer to P1. If, however, SA is present, the high affinity of SA and biotin prevents the digestion of P1 by Exo I. This results in the sorption of P1 on the surface of the polymer through strong electrostatic interaction. Hence, efficient FRET occurs from the fluorescent polymer to the fluorescent label of P1. Fluorescence is measured at an excitation wavelength of 370 nm, and emission is measured at two wavelengths (530 and 425 nm). The ratio of the two intensities (I530/I425) is directly related to the concentration of SA. Under the optimal conditions, the assay has a detection limit of 1.3 ng·mL-1. The method was also applied to image the folate receptor in HeLa cells, thus demonstrating the versatility of this strategy. Graphical abstract A fluorometric strategy is described for protein detection and cell imaging based on a cationic conjugated polymer (PFP) coupled with exonuclease I (Exo I) trigged fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liyun Gao
- Department of toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Shangguan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Xiang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Wang LJ, Ren M, Zhang Q, Tang B, Zhang CY. Excision Repair-Initiated Enzyme-Assisted Bicyclic Cascade Signal Amplification for Ultrasensitive Detection of Uracil-DNA Glycosylase. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4488-4494. [PMID: 28306242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) is an important base excision repair (BER) enzyme responsible for the repair of uracil-induced DNA lesion and the maintenance of genomic integrity, while the aberrant expression of UDG is associated with a variety of cancers. Thus, the accurate detection of UDG activity is essential to biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Here, we develop a fluorescent method for ultrasensitive detection of UDG activity using excision repair-initiated enzyme-assisted bicyclic cascade signal amplification. This assay involves (1) UDG-actuated uracil-excision repair, (2) excision repair-initiated nicking enzyme-mediated isothermal exponential amplification, (3) ribonuclease H (RNase H)-induced hydrolysis of signal probes for generating fluorescence signal. The presence of UDG enables the removal of uracil from U·A pairs and generates an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site. Endonuclease IV (Endo IV) subsequently cleaves the AP site, resulting in the break of DNA substrate. The cleaved DNA substrate functions as both a primer and a template to initiate isothermal exponential amplification, producing a large number of triggers. The resultant trigger may selectively hybridize with the signal probe which is modified with FAM and BHQ1, forming a RNA-DNA heterogeneous duplex. The subsequent hydrolysis of RNA-DNA duplex by RNase H leads to the generation of fluorescence signal. This assay exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.0001 U/mL, and it can even measure UDG activity at the single-cell level. Moreover, this method can be applied for the measurement of kinetic parameters and the screening of inhibitors, thereby providing a powerful tool for DNA repair enzyme-related biomedical research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ming Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- Nantou High School Shenzhen , Shenzhen, 518052, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014, China
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16
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Wang LJ, Wang ZY, Zhang Q, Tang B, Zhang CY. Cyclic enzymatic repairing-mediated dual-signal amplification for real-time monitoring of thymine DNA glycosylase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3878-3881. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00946a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We develop a new fluorescence method for real-time monitoring of thymine DNA glycosylase activity through cyclic enzymatic repairing-mediated dual-signal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Zi-Yue Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | | | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
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17
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Recent Advance in Chemiluminescence Assay and Its Biochemical Applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, Jilin China
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, Jilin China
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Terminal protection of a small molecule-linked loop DNA probe for turn-on label-free fluorescence detection of proteins. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 83:97-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Du YC, Jiang HX, Huo YF, Han GM, Kong DM. Optimization of strand displacement amplification-sensitized G-quadruplex DNAzyme-based sensing system and its application in activity detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 77:971-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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