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Menzel JP, Noble BB, Blinco JP, Barner-Kowollik C. Predicting wavelength-dependent photochemical reactivity and selectivity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1691. [PMID: 33727558 PMCID: PMC7966369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Predicting the conversion and selectivity of a photochemical experiment is a conceptually different challenge compared to thermally induced reactivity. Photochemical transformations do not currently have the same level of generalized analytical treatment due to the nature of light interaction with a photoreactive substrate. Herein, we bridge this critical gap by introducing a framework for the quantitative prediction of the time-dependent progress of photoreactions via common LEDs. A wavelength and concentration dependent reaction quantum yield map of a model photoligation, i.e., the reaction of thioether o-methylbenzaldehydes via o-quinodimethanes with N-ethylmaleimide, is initially determined with a tunable laser system. Combined with experimental parameters, the data are employed to predict LED-light induced conversion through a wavelength-resolved numerical simulation. The model is validated with experiments at varied wavelengths. Importantly, a second algorithm allows the assessment of competing photoreactions and enables the facile design of λ-orthogonal ligation systems based on substituted o-methylbenzaldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Menzel
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin B Noble
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James P Blinco
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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2
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Kumari M, Prasad S, Fruk L, Parshad B. Polyglycerol-based hydrogels and nanogels: from synthesis to applications. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:419-438. [PMID: 33403867 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels and nanogels have emerged as promising materials for biomedical applications owing to their large surface area and tunable mechanical and chemical properties. Their large surface area is well suited for bioconjugation, whilst the interior porous network can be utilized for the transport of valuable biomolecules. The use of biocompatible hydrophilic building blocks/linkers for the preparation of hydrogels and nanogels not only avoids undesired side effects within the biological system, but also retains high water content, thereby creating an environment which is very similar to extracellular matrix. Their tunable multivalency and hydrophilicity and excellent biocompatibility, together with ease of functionalization, makes polyglycerol macromonomers well suited for synthesizing cross-linked networks that can be used as extracellular matrix mimics. Here we provide an overview of the synthesis of polyglycerol-based hydrogels and nanogels for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women, Badhra, Ch. Dadri, Haryana 127308, India
| | - Suchita Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Badri Parshad
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
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3
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Becker Y, Roth S, Scheurer M, Jakob A, Gacek DA, Walla PJ, Dreuw A, Wachtveitl J, Heckel A. Selective Modification for Red-Shifted Excitability: A Small Change in Structure, a Huge Change in Photochemistry. Chemistry 2021; 27:2212-2218. [PMID: 32955154 PMCID: PMC7898321 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We developed three bathochromic, green-light activatable, photolabile protecting groups based on a nitrodibenzofuran (NDBF) core with D-π-A push-pull structures. Variation of donor substituents (D) at the favored ring position enabled us to observe their impact on the photolysis quantum yields. Comparing our new azetidinyl-NDBF (Az-NDBF) photolabile protecting group with our earlier published DMA-NDBF, we obtained insight into its excitation-specific photochemistry. While the "two-photon-only" cage DMA-NDBF was inert against one-photon excitation (1PE) in the visible spectral range, we were able to efficiently release glutamic acid from azetidinyl-NDBF with irradiation at 420 and 530 nm. Thus, a minimal change (a cyclization adding only one carbon atom) resulted in a drastically changed photochemical behavior, which enables photolysis in the green part of the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Becker
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical BiologyGoethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Str. 760438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Sina Roth
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Str. 760438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Maximilian Scheurer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR)Theoretical and Computational ChemistryIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreas Jakob
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical BiologyGoethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Str. 760438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Daniel A. Gacek
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryTechnical University BraunschweigGaußstr. 1738106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter J. Walla
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryTechnical University BraunschweigGaußstr. 1738106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR)Theoretical and Computational ChemistryIm Neuenheimer Feld 205A69120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Str. 760438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical BiologyGoethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Str. 760438Frankfurt am MainGermany
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4
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Krajczewski J, Ambroziak R, Kudelski A. Photo-assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles: methods and applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2575-2595. [PMID: 35424232 PMCID: PMC8694033 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09337h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review article, various methods for the light-induced manipulation of plasmonic nanoobjects are described, and some sample applications of this process are presented. The methods of the photo-induced nanomanipulation analyzed include methods based on: the light-induced isomerization of some compounds attached to the surface of the manipulated object causing formation of electrostatic, host-guest or covalent bonds or other structural changes, the photo-response of a thermo-responsive material attached to the surface of the manipulated nanoparticles, and the photo-catalytic process enhanced by the coupled plasmons in manipulated nanoobjects. Sample applications of the process of the photo-aggregation of plasmonic nanosystems are also presented, including applications in surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopies, catalysis, chemical analysis, biomedicine, and more. A detailed comparative analysis of the methods that have been applied so far for the light-induced manipulation of nanostructures may be useful for researchers planning to enter this fascinating field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Krajczewski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry 1 Pasteur St. 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Robert Ambroziak
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry 1 Pasteur St. 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej Kudelski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry 1 Pasteur St. 02-093 Warsaw Poland
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5
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Hu Q, Sun XZ, Parmenter CDJ, Fay MW, Smith EF, Rance GA, He Y, Zhang F, Liu Y, Irvine D, Tuck C, Hague R, Wildman R. Additive manufacture of complex 3D Au-containing nanocomposites by simultaneous two-photon polymerisation and photoreduction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17150. [PMID: 29215026 PMCID: PMC5719407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of complex three-dimensional gold-containing nanocomposite structures by simultaneous two-photon polymerisation and photoreduction is demonstrated. Increased salt delivers reduced feature sizes down to line widths as small as 78 nm, a level of structural intricacy that represents a significant advance in fabrication complexity. The development of a general methodology to efficiently mix pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) with gold chloride hydrate (HAuCl4∙3H2O) is reported, where the gold salt concentration is adjustable on demand from zero to 20 wt%. For the first-time 7-Diethylamino-3-thenoylcoumarin (DETC) is used as the photoinitiator. Only 0.5 wt% of DETC was required to promote both polymerisation and photoreduction of up to 20 wt% of gold salt. This efficiency is the highest reported for Au-containing composite fabrication by two-photon lithography. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed the presence of small metallic nanoparticles (5.4 ± 1.4 nm for long axis / 3.7 ± 0.9 nm for short axis) embedded within the polymer matrix, whilst X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that they exist in the zero valent oxidation state. UV-vis spectroscopy defined that they exhibit the property of localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The capability demonstrated in this study opens up new avenues for a range of applications, including plasmonics, metamaterials, flexible electronics and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Hu
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Xue-Zhong Sun
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D J Parmenter
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Emily F Smith
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Graham A Rance
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Yinfeng He
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Fan Zhang
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Yaan Liu
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Irvine
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Tuck
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Hague
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Ricky Wildman
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
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6
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Kerbs A, Mueller P, Kaupp M, Ahmed I, Quick AS, Abt D, Wegener M, Niemeyer CM, Barner-Kowollik C, Fruk L. Photo-Induced Click Chemistry for DNA Surface Structuring by Direct Laser Writing. Chemistry 2017; 23:4990-4994. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Kerbs
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; University of Cambridge, New Museums Site; Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3RA UK
| | - Patrick Mueller
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Michael Kaupp
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstrasse 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 3; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Alexander S. Quick
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstrasse 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 3; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Doris Abt
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstrasse 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 3; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Martin Wegener
- Institute of Nanotechnology; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Christof M. Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical and Polymer Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstrasse 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 3; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; University of Cambridge, New Museums Site; Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3RA UK
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7
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Vigovskaya A, Abt D, Ahmed I, Niemeyer CM, Barner-Kowollik C, Fruk L. Photo-induced chemistry for the design of oligonucleotide conjugates and surfaces. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:442-449. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02207j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A photocaged diene is introduced at the 5′-end of oligonucleotides using the H-phosphonate approach and subsequently employed for the light-induced conjugation to a protein and the spatially controlled immobilization onto surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Vigovskaya
- DFG-Centre for Functional Nanostructures
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen
| | - Doris Abt
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Christof M. Niemeyer
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- DFG-Centre for Functional Nanostructures
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
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9
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Efficient Photochemical Approaches for Spatially Resolved Surface Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11388-403. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Delaittre G, Goldmann AS, Mueller JO, Barner-Kowollik C. Effiziente photochemische Verfahren für die räumlich aufgelöste Oberflächenfunktionalisierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Stolzer L, Vigovskaya A, Barner-Kowollik C, Fruk L. A Self-Reporting Tetrazole-Based Linker for the Biofunctionalization of Gold Nanorods. Chemistry 2015; 21:14309-13. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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