1
|
Huang J, Liu H, Zhou N, An K, Meng YS, Luo J. Enhancing the Ion Transport in LiMn 1.5Ni 0.5O 4 by Altering the Particle Wulff Shape via Anisotropic Surface Segregation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36745-36754. [PMID: 28972731 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous and anisotropic surface segregation of W cations in LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 particles can alter the Wulff shape and improve surface stability, thereby significantly improving the electrochemical performance. An Auger electron nanoprobe was employed to identify the anisotropic surface segregation, whereby W cations prefer to segregate to {110} surface facets to decrease its relative surface energy according to Gibbs adsorption theory and subsequently increase its surface area according to Wulff theory. Consequently, the rate performance is improved (e.g., by ∼5-fold at a high rate of 25C) because the {110} facets have more open channels for fast lithium ion diffusion. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling suggested that the surface segregation and partial reduction of W cation inhibit the formation of Mn3+ on surfaces to improve cycling stability via enhancing the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) stability at high charging voltages. This is the first report of using anisotropic surface segregation to thermodynamically control the particle morphology as well as enhancing CEI stability as a facile, and potentially general, method to significantly improve the electrochemical performance of battery electrodes. Combining neutron diffraction, an Auger electron nanoprobe, XPS, and other characterizations, we depict the underlying mechanisms of improved ionic transport and CEI stability in high-voltage LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 spinel materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Huang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Haodong Liu
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Naixie Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Ke An
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Ying Shirley Meng
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheong JY, Kim C, Jung JW, Yoon KR, Cho SH, Youn DY, Jang HY, Kim ID. Formation of a Surficial Bifunctional Nanolayer on Nb 2 O 5 for Ultrastable Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Battery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603610. [PMID: 28322499 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Safe and long cycle life electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries are significantly important to meet the increasing demands of rechargeable batteries. Niobium pentoxide (Nb2 O5 ) is one of the highly promising candidates for stable electrodes due to its safety and minimal volume expansion. Nevertheless, pulverization and low conductivity of Nb2 O5 have remained as inherent challenges for its practical use as viable electrodes. A highly facile method is proposed to improve the overall cycle retention of Nb2 O5 microparticles by ammonia (NH3 ) gas-driven nitridation. After nitridation, an ultrathin surficial layer (2 nm) is formed on the Nb2 O5 , acting as a bifunctional nanolayer that allows facile lithium (Li)-ion transport (10-100 times higher Li diffusivity compared with pristine Nb2 O5 microparticles) and further prevents the pulverization of Nb2 O5 . With the subsequent decoration of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs), the low electric conductivity of nitridated Nb2 O5 is also significantly improved. Cycle retention is greatly improved for nitridated Nb2 O5 (96.7%) compared with Nb2 O5 (64.7%) for 500 cycles. Ag-decorated, nitridated Nb2 O5 microparticles and nitridated Nb2 O5 microparticles exhibit ultrastable cycling for 3000 cycles at high current density (3000 mA g-1 ), which highlights the importance of the surficial nanolayer in improving overall electrochemical performances, in addition to conductive NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Cheong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Ro Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Ho Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Young Youn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Samiee M, Luo J. Pseudocapacitive Properties of Two-Dimensional Surface Vanadia Phases Formed Spontaneously on Titania. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:12871-12880. [PMID: 27144457 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pseudocapacitive properties of V2O5-based adsorbates supported on TiO2 nanoparticles, which form spontaneously as two-dimensional (2-D) nonautonomous surface phases (complexions) at thermodynamic equilibria, have been systematically measured. Surprisingly, surface amorphous films (SAFs), which form naturally at thermodynamic equilibria at 550-600 °C with self-regulating or "equilibrium" thicknesses on the order of 1 nm, exhibit superior electrochemical performance at moderate and high scan rates (20-500 mV/s) that are of prime importance for supercapacitor applications, as compared with submonolayer and monolayer adsorbates formed at lower equilibration temperatures. This study suggests a new direction to design and fabricate a novel class of supercapacitors and other functional devices via utilizing 2-D interfacial phases that can form spontaneously via facile, cost-effective, and highly scalable synthesis routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Samiee
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu W, Pan W, Luo J, Godfrey A, Ou G, Wu H, Zhang W. Suppressed phase transition and giant ionic conductivity in La2Mo2O9 nanowires. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8354. [PMID: 26380943 PMCID: PMC4595754 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes at low temperatures represents a major challenge and an opportunity for enabling a variety of solid-state ionic devices for energy conversion and storage, as well as for environmental protection. Here we report a giant ionic conductivity of 0.20 Scm(-1), achieved at 500 °C, in the La2Mo2O9 nanowires with a bamboo-wire morphology, corresponding to a 1000-fold enhancement in conductivity over conventional bulk material. Stabilization of the high-temperature phase is observed to account for about a 10-fold increase in the conductivity. We further demonstrate that fast surface conduction in ∼3 nm thick, partially ordered, surface 'amorphous' films, under strain on the curved surfaces of the nanowires (as a non-autonomous surface phase or complexion), contributes to an enhancement of the conductivity by another two orders of magnitude. Exemplified here by the study of the La2Mo2O9 nanowires, new possibilities for improvement of conductivity and for miniaturization of solid-state ionic devices by the careful use of one-dimensional nanomaterials can be envisioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Pan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of NanoEngineering, Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, USA
| | - Andy Godfrey
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gang Ou
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Wu
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|