1
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Wang S, Yu Y, Hao J, Liang K, Xiang B, Zhu J, Lin Y, Pan Y, Gu G, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad249. [PMID: 38577674 PMCID: PMC10989300 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Superconducting phase transitions in two dimensions lie beyond the description of the Ginzburg-Landau symmetry-breaking paradigm for three-dimensional superconductors. They are Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions of paired-electron condensate driven by the unbinding of topological excitations, i.e. vortices. The recently discovered monolayers of layered high-transition-temperature ([Formula: see text]) cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) meant that this 2D superconductor promised to be ideal for the study of unconventional superconductivity. But inhomogeneity posed challenges for distinguishing BKT physics from charge correlations in this material. Here, we utilize the phase sensitivity of scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy susceptometry to image the local magnetic response of underdoped Bi2212 from the monolayer to the bulk throughout its phase transition. The monolayer segregates into domains with independent phases at elevated temperatures below [Formula: see text]. Within a single domain, we find that the susceptibility oscillates with flux between diamagnetism and paramagnetism in a Fraunhofer-like pattern up to [Formula: see text]. The finite modulation period, as well as the broadening of the peaks when approaching [Formula: see text] from below, suggests well-defined vortices that are increasingly screened by the dissociation of vortex-antivortex plasma through a BKT transition. In the multilayers, the susceptibility oscillation differs in a small temperature regime below [Formula: see text], consistent with a dimensional crossover led by interlayer coupling. Serving as strong evidence for BKT transition in the bulk, we observe a sharp jump in phase stiffness and paramagnetism at small fields just below [Formula: see text]. These results unify the superconducting phase transitions from the monolayer to the bulk underdoped Bi2212, and can be collectively referred to as the BKT transition with interlayer coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinxiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bingke Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinjiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yishi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yinping Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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2
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Hader J, Moloney JV. Photo Luminescence and Radiative Carrier Losses in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. Nano Lett 2024; 24:5231-5237. [PMID: 38639404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The carrier losses due to radiative recombination in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides are studied using fully microscopic many-body models. The density- and temperature-dependent losses in various Mo- and W-based materials are shown to be dominated by Coulomb correlations beyond the Hartree-Fock level. Despite the much stronger Coulomb interaction in 2D materials, the radiative losses are comparable-if not weaker-than in conventional III-V materials. A strong dependence on the dielectric environment is found in agreement with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Hader
- Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Nonlinear Control Strategies Inc., 7562 N. Palm Circle, Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States
| | - Jerome V Moloney
- Wyant College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Nonlinear Control Strategies Inc., 7562 N. Palm Circle, Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States
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3
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Wani SS, Hsu CC, Kuo YZ, Darshana Kumara Kimbulapitiya KM, Chung CC, Cyu RH, Chen CT, Liu MJ, Chaudhary M, Chiu PW, Zhong YL, Chueh YL. Enhanced Electrical Transport Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide Field-Effect Transistors by Using Alkali Metal Fluorides as Dielectric Capping Layers. ACS Nano 2024; 18:10776-10787. [PMID: 38587200 PMCID: PMC11044573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The electronic properties of 2D materials are highly influenced by the molecular activity at their interfaces. A method was proposed to address this issue by employing passivation techniques using monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs) while preserving high performance. Herein, we have used alkali metal fluorides as dielectric capping layers, including lithium fluoride (LiF), sodium fluoride (NaF), and potassium fluoride (KF) dielectric capping layers, to mitigate the environmental impact of oxygen and water exposure. Among them, the LiF dielectric capping layer significantly improved the transistor performance, specifically in terms of enhanced field effect mobility from 74 to 137 cm2/V·s, increased current density from 17 μA/μm to 32.13 μA/μm at a drain voltage of Vd of 1 V, and decreased subthreshold swing to 0.8 V/dec The results have been analytically verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and the demonstrated technique can be extended to other transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based FETs, which can become a prospect for cutting-edge electronic applications. These findings highlight certain important trade-offs and provide insight into the significance of interface control and passivation material choice on the electrical stability, performance, and enhancement of the MoS2 FET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayah-Shakil Wani
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chen Chieh Hsu
- Department
of Physics and Quantum Information Center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32034, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Zen Kuo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kimbulapitiya Mudiyanselage
Madhusanka Darshana Kumara Kimbulapitiya
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chung
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Hong Cyu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ting Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jin Liu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Mayur Chaudhary
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Chiu
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Institute
of Electronics Engineering, National Tsing
Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Liang Zhong
- Department
of Physics and Quantum Information Center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32034, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- College
of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing-Hua
University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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4
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Asada Y, Tanaka S, Nagano H, Noguchi H, Yoshino A, Taga K, Yamamoto Y, Shervani Z. Morphology Observation of Two-Dimensional Monolayers of Model Proteins on Water Surface as Revealed by Dropping Method. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:366. [PMID: 38671787 PMCID: PMC11048086 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the morphology of two-dimensional monolayers of gramicidin-D (GD) and alamethicin (Al) formed on the water surface by the dropping method (DM) using surface tension measurement (STm), Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that GD in alcoholic solutions formed a dimeric helical structure. According to the CD and NMR spectroscopies, GD molecules existed in dimer form in methanol and lipid membrane environments. The STm results and BAM images revealed that the GD dimer monolayer was in a liquid expanded (LE) state, whereas the Al monolayer was in a liquid condensed (LC) state. The limiting molecular area (A0) was 6.2 ± 0.5 nm2 for the GD-dimer and 3.6 ± 0.5 nm2 for the Al molecule. The AFM images also showed that the molecular long axes of both the GD-dimer and Al were horizontal to the water surface. The stability of each monolayer was confirmed by the time dependence of the surface pressure (π) observed using the STm method. The DM monolayer preparation method for GD-dimer and Al peptide molecules is a useful technique for revealing how the model biological membrane's components assemble in two dimensions on the water surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukie Asada
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nagano
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Noguchi
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshino
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Keijiro Taga
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Zameer Shervani
- Food & Energy Security Research & Product Centre, Sendai 980-0871, Japan
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5
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Mori T. Mechanical control of molecular machines at an air-water interface: manipulation of molecular pliers, paddles. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2024; 25:2334667. [PMID: 38628979 PMCID: PMC11020556 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2334667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Many artificial molecular machines have been synthesized, and various functions have been expressed by changing their molecular conformations. However, their structures are still simple compared with those of biomolecular machines, and more energy is required to control them. To design artificial molecular machines with more complex structures and higher functionality, it is necessary to combine molecular machines with simple movements such as components. This means that the motion of individual molecular machines must be precisely controlled and observed in various environments. At the air - water interface, the molecular orientation and conformation can be controlled with little energy as thermal fluctuations. We designed various molecular machines and controlled them using mechanical stimuli at the air - water interface. We also controlled the transfer of forces to the molecular machines in various lipid matrices. In this review, we describe molecular pliers with amphiphilic binaphthyl, molecular paddles with binuclear platinum complexes, and molecular rotors with julolidine and BODIPY that exhibit twisted intramolecular charge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Mori
- Institute for Chemical Research (ICR), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Chazarin U, Lezoualc'h M, Karn A, Chou JP, Pai WW, Chacon C, Girard Y, Repain V, Bellec A, Rousset S, González C, Smogunov A, Lagoute J, Dappe YJ. Spatially Extended Charge Density Wave Switching by Nanoscale Local Manipulation in a VTe 2 Monolayer. Nano Lett 2024; 24:3470-3475. [PMID: 38451177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide VTe2 exhibits multiple charge density wave (CDW) phases, mainly (4 × 4) and (4 × 1). Here we report facile dynamic and tens-of-nanometer scale switching between these CDW phases with gentle bias pulses in scanning tunneling microscopy. Bias pulses purposely stimulate a reversible random CDW symmetry change between the isotropic (4 × 4) and anisotropic (4 × 1) CDWs, as well as CDW phase slips and rotation. The switching threshold of ∼1.0 V is independent of bias polarity, and the switching rate varies linearly with the tunneling current. Density functional theory calculations indicate that a coherent CDW phase switching incurs an energy barrier of ∼2.0-3.0 eV per (4 × 4) unit cell. While there is a challenge in understanding the observed large-area CDW random fluttering, we provide some possible explanations. The ability to manipulate electronic CDW phases sheds new light on tailoring CDW properties on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysse Chazarin
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
- Center for Condensed Matter Science (CCMS), National Taiwan University, 11106 Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Mahé Lezoualc'h
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Abhishek Karn
- Center for Condensed Matter Science (CCMS), National Taiwan University, 11106 Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Jyh-Ping Chou
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, 50007 Chuanghua City, Taiwan ROC
| | - Woei Wu Pai
- Center for Condensed Matter Science (CCMS), National Taiwan University, 11106 Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Cyril Chacon
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yann Girard
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Repain
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Amandine Bellec
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rousset
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - César González
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Magnetismo Aplicado UCM-ADIF, Vía de Servicio A-6, 900, E-28232 Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexander Smogunov
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Lagoute
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yannick J Dappe
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Ernault AC, Al-Shama RFM, Li J, Devalla HD, de Groot JR, Coronel R, Vigmond E, Boukens BJ. Interpretation of field and LEAP potentials recorded from cardiomyocyte monolayers. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H800-H811. [PMID: 38180452 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00463.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Multielectrode arrays (MEAs) are the method of choice for electrophysiological characterization of cardiomyocyte monolayers. The field potentials recorded using an MEA are like extracellular electrograms recorded from the myocardium using conventional electrodes. Nevertheless, different criteria are used to interpret field potentials and extracellular electrograms, which hamper correct interpretation and translation to the patient. To validate the criteria for interpretation of field potentials, we used neonatal rat cardiomyocytes to generate monolayers. We recorded field potentials using an MEA and simultaneously recorded action potentials using sharp microelectrodes. In parallel, we recreated our experimental setting in silico and performed simulations. We show that the amplitude of the local RS complex of a field potential correlated with conduction velocity in silico but not in vitro. The peak time of the T wave in field potentials exhibited a strong correlation with APD90 while the steepest upslope correlated well with APD50. However, this relationship only holds when the T wave displayed a biphasic pattern. Next, we simulated local extracellular action potentials (LEAPs). The shape of the LEAP differed markedly from the shape of the local action potential, but the final duration of the LEAP coincided with APD90. Criteria for interpretation of extracellular electrograms should be applied to field potentials. This will provide a strong basis for the analysis of heterogeneity in conduction velocity and repolarization in cultured monolayers of cardiomyocytes. Finally, a LEAP is not a recording of the local action potential but is generated by intracellular current provided by neighboring cardiomyocytes and is superior to field potential duration in estimating APD90.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We present a physiological basis for the interpretation of multielectrode array-derived, extracellular, electrical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auriane C Ernault
- Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rushd F M Al-Shama
- Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jiuru Li
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harsha D Devalla
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris R de Groot
- Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Coronel
- Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edward Vigmond
- IHU Liryc, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Bastiaan J Boukens
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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8
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Hellman S, Martin F, Tydén E, Sellin ME, Norman A, Hjertner B, Svedberg P, Fossum C. Equine enteroid-derived monolayers recapitulate key features of parasitic intestinal nematode infection. Vet Res 2024; 55:25. [PMID: 38414039 PMCID: PMC10900620 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived organoid cultures have emerged as attractive experimental models for infection biology research regarding various types of gastro-intestinal pathogens and host species. However, the large size of infectious nematode larvae and the closed structure of 3-dimensional organoids often hinder studies of the natural route of infection. To enable easy administration to the apical surface of the epithelium, organoids from the equine small intestine, i.e. enteroids, were used in the present study to establish epithelial monolayer cultures. These monolayers were functionally tested by stimulation with IL-4 and IL-13, and/or exposure to infectious stage larvae of the equine nematodes Parascaris univalens, cyathostominae and/or Strongylus vulgaris. Effects were recorded using transcriptional analysis combined with histochemistry, immunofluorescence-, live-cell- and scanning electron microscopy. These analyses revealed heterogeneous monolayers containing both immature and differentiated cells including tuft cells and mucus-producing goblet cells. Stimulation with IL-4/IL-13 increased tuft- and goblet cell differentiation as demonstrated by the expression of DCLK1 and MUC2. In these cytokine-primed monolayers, the expression of MUC2 was further promoted by co-culture with P. univalens. Moreover, live-cell imaging revealed morphological alterations of the epithelial cells following exposure to larvae even in the absence of cytokine stimulation. Thus, the present work describes the design, characterization and usability of an experimental model representing the equine nematode-infected small intestinal epithelium. The presence of tuft cells and goblet cells whose mucus production is affected by Th2 cytokines and/or the presence of larvae opens up for mechanistic studies of the physical interactions between nematodes and the equine intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Hellman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Frida Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Tydén
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael E Sellin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Albin Norman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bernt Hjertner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pia Svedberg
- Vidilab AB, P.O. Box 33, 745 21, Enköping, Sweden
| | - Caroline Fossum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, P.O. Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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9
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Wang R, Chen Q, Liu X, Hu Y, Cao L, Dong B. Synergistic Effects of Dual-Doping with Ni and Ru in Monolayer VS 2 Nanosheet: Unleashing Enhanced Performance for Acidic HER through Defects and Strain. Small 2024:e2311217. [PMID: 38396321 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Amidst the escalating quest for clean energy, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic conditions has taken center stage, catalyzing the search for advanced electrocatalysts. The efficacy of these materials is predominantly dictated by the active site density on their surfaces. The propensity is leveraged for monolayer architectures to introduce defects, enhancing surface area, and increasing active sites. Doping enhances defects and fine-tunes catalyst activity. In this vein, defect-enriched monolayer nanosheets doped with nickel and a trace amount of ruthenium in VS2 (SL-Ni-Ru-VS2 ) are engineered and characterized. Evaluation in 0.5 m H2 SO4 solution unveils that the catalyst achieves overpotentials as low as 20 and 41 mV at current densities of -10 and -100 mA cm⁻2 . Impressively, the catalyst maintains a mass activity of 13.08 A mg⁻¹Ru , even with minimal Ru incorporation, indicating exceptional catalytic efficiency. This monolayer catalyst sustains its high activity at lower overpotentials, demonstrating its practical applicability. The comprehensive analysis, which combines experimental data and computational simulations, indicates that the co-doping of Ni and Ru enhances the electrocatalytic properties of VS2 . This research offers a strategic framework for crafting cutting-edge electrocatalysts specifically designed for enhanced performance in the HER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Xinzheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Hu
- Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, 72 Coastal Highway, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266100, P. R. China
| | - Bohua Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266100, P. R. China
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10
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Arango JC, Pintro CJ, Singh A, Claridge SA. Inkjet Printing of Nanoscale Functional Patterns on 2D Crystalline Materials and Transfer to Soft Materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:8055-8065. [PMID: 38300756 PMCID: PMC10875643 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Nanometer-scale control over surface functionality is important in applications ranging from nanoscale electronics to regenerative medicine. However, approaches that provide precise control over surface chemistry at the nanometer scale are often challenging to use with higher throughput and in more heterogeneous environments (e.g., complex solutions, porous interfaces) common for many applications. Here, we demonstrate a scalable inkjet-based method to generate 1 nm-wide functional patterns on 2D materials such as graphite, which can then be transferred to soft materials such as hydrogels. We examine fluid dynamics associated with the inkjet printing process for low-viscosity amphiphile inks designed to maximize ordering with limited residue and show that microscale droplet fluid dynamics influence nanoscale molecular ordering. Additionally, we show that scalable patterns generated in this way can be transferred to hydrogel materials and used to create surface chemical patterns that induce adsorption of charged particles, with effects strong enough to overcome electrostatic repulsion between a charged hydrogel and a like-charged nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Arango
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana
| | - Chris J. Pintro
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana
| | - Anamika Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana
| | - Shelley A. Claridge
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana
- Weldon
School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette 47907, Indiana
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11
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Li Y, Cao J, Chen G, He L, Du X, Xie J, Wang Y, Hu W. Scalable Production of Highly Conductive 2D NbSe 2 Monolayers with Superior Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:6250-6260. [PMID: 38284410 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Thin, flexible, and electrically conductive films are in demand for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. Two-dimensional NbSe2 monolayers have an electrical conductivity comparable to those of metals (106-107 S m-1) but are challenging for high-quality and scalable production. Here, we show that electrochemical exfoliation of flake NbSe2 powder produces monolayers on a large scale (tens of grams), at a high yield (>75%, monolayer), and with a large average lateral size (>20 μm). The as-exfoliated NbSe2 monolayer flakes are easily dispersed in diverse organic solvents and solution-processed into various macroscopic structures (e.g., free-standing films, coatings, patterns, etc.). Thermal annealing of the free-standing NbSe2 films reduces the interlayer distance of restacked NbSe2 from 1.18 to 0.65 nm and consequently enhances the electrical conductivity to 1.16 × 106 S m-1, which is superior to those of MXenes and reduced graphene oxide. The optimized NbSe2 film shows an EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 65 dB at a thickness of 5 μm (>110 dB for a 48-μm-thick film), among the highest in materials of similar thicknesses. Moreover, a laminate of two layers of the NbSe2 film (2 μm thick) with an insulating interlayer shows a high SE of 85 dB, surpassing that of the 20-μm-thick NbSe2 film (83 dB). A two-layer theoretical model is proposed, and it agrees with the experimental EMI SE of the laminated NbSe2 films. The ability to produce NbSe2 monolayers on a tens of grams scale will enable their diverse applications beyond EMI shielding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jianyun Cao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lijun He
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xincheng Du
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jiyang Xie
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- Electron Microscopy Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yaming Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Wanbiao Hu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
- Electron Microscopy Center, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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12
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Li J, Cao H, Wang Q, Zhang H, Liu Q, Chen C, Shi Z, Li G, Kong Y, Cai Y, Shen J, Wu Y, Lai Z, Han Y, Zhang J. Space-Confined Synthesis of Monolayer Graphdiyne in MXene Interlayer. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2308429. [PMID: 37865868 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Graphdiyne (GDY) is an artificial carbon allotrope that is conceptually similar to graphene but composed of sp- and sp2 -hybridized carbon atoms. Monolayer GDY (ML-GDY) is predicted to be an ideal 2D semiconductor material with a wide range of applications. However, its synthesis has posed a significant challenge, leading to difficulties in experimentally validating theoretical properties. Here, it is reported that in situ acetylenic homocoupling of hexaethynylbenzene within the sub-nanometer interlayer space of MXene can effectively prevent out-of-plane growth or vertical stacking of the material, resulting in ML-GDY with in-plane periodicity. The subsequent exfoliation process successfully yields free-standing GDY monolayers with micrometer-scale lateral dimensions. The fabrication of field-effect transistor on free-standing ML-GDY makes the first measurement of its electronic properties possible. The measured electrical conductivity (5.1 × 103 S m-1 ) and carrier mobility (231.4 cm2 V-1 s-1 ) at room temperature are remarkably higher than those of the previously reported multilayer GDY materials. The space-confined synthesis using layered crystals as templates provides a new strategy for preparing 2D materials with precisely controlled layer numbers and long-range structural order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Li
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haicheng Cao
- Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qingxiao Wang
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hui Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cailing Chen
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Guanxing Li
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ya Kong
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jie Shen
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ying Wu
- Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Electron Microscopy Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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13
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Doerr S, Zhou P, Ragkousi K. Origin and development of primary animal epithelia. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300150. [PMID: 38009581 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelia are the first organized tissues that appear during development. In many animal embryos, early divisions give rise to a polarized monolayer, the primary epithelium, rather than a random aggregate of cells. Here, we review the mechanisms by which cells organize into primary epithelia in various developmental contexts. We discuss how cells acquire polarity while undergoing early divisions. We describe cases where oriented divisions constrain cell arrangement to monolayers including organization on top of yolk surfaces. We finally discuss how epithelia emerge in embryos from animals that branched early during evolution and provide examples of epithelia-like arrangements encountered in single-celled eukaryotes. Although divergent and context-dependent mechanisms give rise to primary epithelia, here we trace the unifying principles underlying their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Doerr
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
| | - Phillip Zhou
- Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Knispel T, Berges J, Schobert A, van Loon EGCP, Jolie W, Wehling T, Michely T, Fischer J. Unconventional Charge-Density-Wave Gap in Monolayer NbS 2. Nano Lett 2024; 24:1045-1051. [PMID: 38232959 PMCID: PMC10835735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, for a monolayer of transition metal dichalcogenide H-NbS2 grown by molecular beam epitaxy on graphene, we provide unambiguous evidence for a charge density wave (CDW) with a 3 × 3 superstructure, which is not present in bulk NbS2. Local spectroscopy displays a pronounced gap on the order of 20 meV at the Fermi level. Within the gap, low-energy features are present. The gap structure with its low-energy features is at variance with the expectation for a gap opening in the electronic band structure due to a CDW. Instead, comparison with ab initio calculations indicates that the observed gap structure must be attributed to combined electron-phonon quasiparticles. The phonons in question are the elusive amplitude and phase collective modes of the CDW transition. Our findings advance the understanding of CDW mechanisms in 2D materials and their spectroscopic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Knispel
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Jan Berges
- U Bremen Excellence Chair, Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Arne Schobert
- I. Institute of Theoretical Physics, Universität Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erik G C P van Loon
- NanoLund and Division of Mathematical Physics, Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Wouter Jolie
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Tim Wehling
- I. Institute of Theoretical Physics, Universität Hamburg, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Michely
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Jeison Fischer
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
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15
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Kang M, Jeong HB, Shim Y, Chai HJ, Kim YS, Choi M, Ham A, Park C, Jo MK, Kim TS, Park H, Lee J, Noh G, Kwak JY, Eom T, Lee CW, Choi SY, Yuk JM, Song S, Jeong HY, Kang K. Layer-Controlled Growth of Single-Crystalline 2D Bi 2O 2Se Film Driven by Interfacial Reconstruction. ACS Nano 2024; 18:819-828. [PMID: 38153349 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
As semiconductor scaling continues to reach sub-nanometer levels, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are emerging as a promising candidate for the post-silicon material. Among these alternatives, Bi2O2Se has risen as an exceptionally promising 2D semiconductor thanks to its excellent electrical properties, attributed to its appropriate bandgap and small effective mass. However, unlike other 2D materials, growth of large-scale Bi2O2Se films with precise layer control is still challenging due to its large surface energy caused by relatively strong interlayer electrostatic interactions. Here, we present the successful growth of a wafer-scale (∼3 cm) Bi2O2Se film with precise thickness control down to the monolayer level on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3 using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis confirmed the formation of a [BiTiO4]1- interfacial structure, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the formation of [BiTiO4]1- significantly reduced the interfacial energy between Bi2O2Se and SrTiO3, thereby promoting 2D growth. Additionally, spectral responsivity measurements of two-terminal devices confirmed a bandgap increase of up to 1.9 eV in monolayer Bi2O2Se, which is consistent with our DFT calculations. Finally, we demonstrated high-performance Bi2O2Se field-effect transistor (FET) arrays, exhibiting an excellent average electron mobility of 56.29 cm2/(V·s). This process is anticipated to enable wafer-scale applications of 2D Bi2O2Se and facilitate exploration of intriguing physical phenomena in confined 2D systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsoo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Beom Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Shim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Chai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sung Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Standards & Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyuk Choi
- Opernado Methodology and Measurement Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards & Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayoung Ham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Graphene/2D Materials Research Center, Center for Advanced Materials Discovery towards 3D Display, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Opernado Methodology and Measurement Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards & Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonbin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) 141, Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gichang Noh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuromorphic Engineering, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Kwak
- Center for Neuromorphic Engineering, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyong Eom
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) 141, Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Lee
- Computational Science & Engineering Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yool Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Graphene/2D Materials Research Center, Center for Advanced Materials Discovery towards 3D Display, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Yuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Song
- Opernado Methodology and Measurement Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards & Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibum Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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16
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Cossio G, Barbosa R, Korgel B, Yu ET. Massively Scalable Self-Assembly of Nano and Microparticle Monolayers via Aerosol Assisted Deposition. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2309775. [PMID: 37983639 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
An extremely rapid process for self-assembling well-ordered, nano, and microparticle monolayers via a novel aerosolized method is presented. The novel technique can reach monolayer self-assembly rates as high as 268 cm2 min-1 from a single aerosolizing source and methods to reach faster monolayer self-assembly rates are outlined. A new physical mechanism describing the self-assembly process is presented and new insights enabling high-efficiency nanoparticle monolayer self-assembly are developed. In addition, well-ordered monolayer arrays from particles of various sizes, surface functionality, and materials are fabricated. This new technique enables a 93× increase in monolayer self-assembly rates compared to the current state of the art and has the potential to provide an extremely low-cost option for submicron nanomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cossio
- Microelectronics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
| | - Raul Barbosa
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Brian Korgel
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Edward T Yu
- Microelectronics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Austin, TX, 78758, USA
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17
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Dominique NL, Chandran A, Jensen IM, Jenkins DM, Camden JP. Unmasking the Electrochemical Stability of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Monolayers on Gold. Chemistry 2023:e202303681. [PMID: 38116819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) monolayers are transforming electrocatalysis and biosensor design via their increased performance and stability. Despite their increasing use in electrochemical systems, the integrity of the NHC monolayer during voltage perturbations remains largely unknown. Herein, we deploy surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to measure the stability of two model NHCs on gold in ambient conditions as a function of applied potential and under continuous voltammetric interrogation. Our results illustrate that NHC monolayers exhibit electrochemical stability over a wide voltage window (-1 V to 0.5 V vs Ag|AgCl), but they are found to degrade at strongly reducing (< -1 V) or oxidizing (>0.5 V) potentials. We also address NHC monolayer stability under continuous voltammetric interrogation between 0.2 V and -0.5 V, a commonly used voltage window for sensing, showing they are stable for up to 43 hours. However, we additionally find that modifications of the backbone NHC structure can lead to significantly shorter operational lifetimes. While these results highlight the potential of NHC architectures for electrode functionalization, they also reveal potential pitfalls that have not been fully appreciated in electrochemical applications of NHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel L Dominique
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN-46556, United States
| | - Aruna Chandran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN-46556, United States
| | - Isabel M Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN-37996
| | - David M Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN-37996
| | - Jon P Camden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN-46556, United States
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18
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Karwowska K, Urbaniak W, Petelska AD. The Equilibria of Triterpene Sapogenins-Phosphatidylcholine in Monolayers at the Air/Water Interface. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16144. [PMID: 38003339 PMCID: PMC10671155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sapogenins are the non-sugar parts of saponins (aglycones), high-molecular-weight glycosides linked to one or more sugar side chains. This group of compounds presents many properties, e.g., the potent properties of reducing surface tension and foaming properties, as evidenced by the amphipathic nature of these substances. They are used in the cosmetics industry, the washing and detergent industry, and the food industry. In addition, they have many healing properties. They lower blood cholesterol but are also used to synthesize steroid drugs or hormones. As reported in the literature, saponins also show antitumor activity, leading to cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis of various neoplastic cells. In this study, the influence of two sapogenins: asiatic acid (AA) and oleanolic acid (OA), on the properties of monolayers made of phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was investigated. The method used in these studies was the Langmuir method with Brewster angle microscopy. The interactions between the tested compounds in mixed monolayers were described. Using mathematical equations, we established that oleanolic acid and asiatic acid formed complexes with DPPC at 1:1 ratios, characterized by high stability constants. We derived the parameters characterizing the formed complexes and described the phase transitions that occur during the formation of pure and mixed monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Karwowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Wiesław Urbaniak
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicz 30, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Aneta D. Petelska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
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19
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Ahn Y, Lee G, Noh N, Lee C, Le DD, Kim S, Lee Y, Hyun J, Lim CY, Cha J, Jho M, Gim S, Denlinger JD, Yang CH, Yuk JM, Han MJ, Kim Y. Converting the Bulk Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Crystal into Stacked Monolayers via Ethylenediamine Intercalation. Nano Lett 2023; 23:9733-9739. [PMID: 37903092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of ethylenediamine-intercalated NbSe2 and Li-ethylenediamine-intercalated MoSe2 single crystals with increased interlayer distances and their electronic structures measured by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy images confirm the successful intercalation and an increase in the interlayer distance. ARPES measurement reveals that intercalated NbSe2 shows an electronic structure almost identical to that of monolayer NbSe2. Intercalated MoSe2 also returns the characteristic feature of the monolayer electronic structure, a direct band gap, which generates sizable photoluminescence even in the bulk form. Our results demonstrate that the properties and phenomena of the monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides can be achieved with large-scale bulk samples by blocking the interlayer interaction through intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeojin Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyubin Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namgyu Noh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulwan Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Duy Le
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghun Kim
- Department of Physics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonghoon Lee
- Quantum Spin Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jounghoon Hyun
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Young Lim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Cha
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingi Jho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggeon Gim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan D Denlinger
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chan-Ho Yang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Yuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Joon Han
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongkwan Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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20
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Sayers C, Genco A, Trovatello C, Conte SD, Khaustov VO, Cervantes-Villanueva J, Sangalli D, Molina-Sanchez A, Coletti C, Gadermaier C, Cerullo G. Strong Coupling of Coherent Phonons to Excitons in Semiconducting Monolayer MoTe 2. Nano Lett 2023; 23:9235-9242. [PMID: 37751559 PMCID: PMC10603802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of the electron system to lattice vibrations and their time-dependent control and detection provide unique insight into the nonequilibrium physics of semiconductors. Here, we investigate the ultrafast transient response of semiconducting monolayer 2H-MoTe2 encapsulated with hBN using broadband optical pump-probe microscopy. The sub-40 fs pump pulse triggers extremely intense and long-lived coherent oscillations in the spectral region of the A' and B' exciton resonances, up to ∼20% of the maximum transient signal, due to the displacive excitation of the out-of-plane A1g phonon. Ab initio calculations reveal a dramatic rearrangement of the optical absorption of monolayer MoTe2 induced by an out-of-plane stretching and compression of the crystal lattice, consistent with an A1g -type oscillation. Our results highlight the extreme sensitivity of the optical properties of monolayer TMDs to small structural modifications and their manipulation with light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armando Genco
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Trovatello
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | | | - Vladislav O. Khaustov
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jorge Cervantes-Villanueva
- Institute
of Materials Science (ICMUV), University
of Valencia, Catedrático Beltrán 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Davide Sangalli
- Division
of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit), Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, 00016 Monterotondo, Scalo, Italy
| | - Alejandro Molina-Sanchez
- Institute
of Materials Science (ICMUV), University
of Valencia, Catedrático Beltrán 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Camilla Coletti
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation @ NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Cerullo
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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21
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Ma G, Shen W, Sanchez DS, Yu Y, Wang H, Sun L, Wang X, Hu C. Excitons Enabled Topological Phase Singularity in a Single Atomic Layer. ACS Nano 2023; 17:17751-17760. [PMID: 37695313 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The nontrivial and rigorous Heaviside phase jump behavior of phase singularities (PSs) empowers exotic topological modes and widely divergent nature compared to neighboring points, which has attracted great attention in condensed matter physics as well as applications in photonics and ultrasensitive sensors. Here we demonstrate the universal existence of a family of topologically protected PSs generated from exciton resonances of single-atom layers. We obtain the PSs by coating the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers on a nonabsorptive semi-infinite substrate without surface plasmon effect or other assisted resonators, which exploits the benefits of both exciton-dominated enhancement and peculiarities of the singular phase. We show that a refractive indices matched transparent substrate enables TMDC monolayers to exhibit topologically protected zero reflection accompanied by a perfect Heaviside π-phase jump at strong light adsorptions, which can be utilized to radically reduce the thickness of PS-based devices to a single atomic layer. By using the TMDC monolayer-based PSs for refractive index biosensors, we demonstrate its superior phase sensitivity at a level of 104 degrees per refractive index unit and detection of bioactive bacteria, respectively, which is comparable to the cutting-edge surface plasmon and Fabry-Perot resonance sensors. Our proof-of-concept results offer experimental and theoretical insights into a single atomic playground for flat singular optics and label-free biosensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoteng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wanfu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Nanchang Institute for Microtechnology of Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Daniel Soy Sanchez
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Xinran Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chunguang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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22
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Shendokar S, Aryeetey F, Hossen MF, Ignatova T, Aravamudhan S. Towards Low-Temperature CVD Synthesis and Characterization of Mono- or Few-Layer Molybdenum Disulfide. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1758. [PMID: 37763921 PMCID: PMC10537635 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) transistors are a promising alternative for the semiconductor industry due to their large on/off current ratio (>1010), immunity to short-channel effects, and unique switching characteristics. MoS2 has drawn considerable interest due to its intriguing electrical, optical, sensing, and catalytic properties. Monolayer MoS2 is a semiconducting material with a direct band gap of ~1.9 eV, which can be tuned. Commercially, the aim of synthesizing a novel material is to grow high-quality samples over a large area and at a low cost. Although chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth techniques are associated with a low-cost pathway and large-area material growth, a drawback concerns meeting the high crystalline quality required for nanoelectronic and optoelectronic applications. This research presents a lower-temperature CVD for the repeatable synthesis of large-size mono- or few-layer MoS2 using the direct vapor phase sulfurization of MoO3. The samples grown on Si/SiO2 substrates demonstrate a uniform single-crystalline quality in Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning transmission electron microscopy. These characterization techniques were targeted to confirm the uniform thickness, stoichiometry, and lattice spacing of the MoS2 layers. The MoS2 crystals were deposited over the entire surface of the sample substrate. With a detailed discussion of the CVD setup and an explanation of the process parameters that influence nucleation and growth, this work opens a new platform for the repeatable synthesis of highly crystalline mono- or few-layer MoS2 suitable for optoelectronic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Shendokar
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, 2907 E Gate City Blvd, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (S.S.); (M.F.H.); (T.I.)
- Faculty of Nanoengineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Frederick Aryeetey
- Faculty of Nanoengineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Moha Feroz Hossen
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, 2907 E Gate City Blvd, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (S.S.); (M.F.H.); (T.I.)
- Faculty of Nanoengineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Tetyana Ignatova
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, 2907 E Gate City Blvd, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (S.S.); (M.F.H.); (T.I.)
- Faculty of Nanoscience, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden St., Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Shyam Aravamudhan
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, 2907 E Gate City Blvd, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA; (S.S.); (M.F.H.); (T.I.)
- Faculty of Nanoengineering, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
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23
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Beaumont M, Lencina C, Bertide A, Gallo L, Barilly C, Marrauld C, Cauquil L, Samson A, Combes S. The Early Life Microbiota Is Not a Major Factor Underlying the Susceptibility to Postweaning Diarrhea in Piglets. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0069423. [PMID: 37358441 PMCID: PMC10433861 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00694-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets impair welfare, induce economic losses and lead to overuse of antibiotics. The early life gut microbiota was proposed to contribute to the susceptibility to PWD. The objective of our study was to evaluate in a large cohort of 116 piglets raised in 2 separate farms whether the gut microbiota composition and functions during the suckling period were associated with the later development of PWD. The fecal microbiota and metabolome were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and nuclear magnetic based resonance at postnatal day 13 in male and female piglets. The later development of PWD was recorded for the same animals from weaning (day 21) to day 54. The gut microbiota structure and α-diversity during the suckling period were not associated with the later development of PWD. There was no significant difference in the relative abundances of bacterial taxa in suckling piglets that later developed PWD. The predicted functionality of the gut microbiota and the fecal metabolome signature during the suckling period were not linked to the later development of PWD. Trimethylamine was the bacterial metabolite which fecal concentration during the suckling period was the most strongly associated with the later development of PWD. However, experiments in piglet colon organoids showed that trimethylamine did not disrupt epithelial homeostasis and is thus not likely to predispose to PWD through this mechanism. In conclusion, our data suggest that the early life microbiota is not a major factor underlying the susceptibility to PWD in piglets. IMPORTANCE This study shows that the fecal microbiota composition and metabolic activity are similar in suckling piglets (13 days after birth) that either later develop post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) or not, which is a major threat for animal welfare that also causes important economic losses and antibiotic treatments in pig production. The aim of this work was to study a large cohort of piglets raised in separates environments, which is a major factor influencing the early life microbiota. One of the main findings is that, although the fecal concentration of trimethylamine in suckling piglets was associated with the later development of PWD, this gut microbiota-derived metabolite did not disrupt the epithelial homeostasis in organoids derived from the pig colon. Overall, this study suggests that the gut microbiota during the suckling period is not a major factor underlying the susceptibility of piglets to PWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Corinne Lencina
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Allan Bertide
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Lise Gallo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Céline Barilly
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Laurent Cauquil
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Sylvie Combes
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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24
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Al Bouzieh N, Sattar MA, Benkraouda M, Amrane N. A Comparative Study of Electronic, Optical, and Thermoelectric Properties of Zn-Doped Bulk and Monolayer SnSe Using Ab Initio Calculations. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2084. [PMID: 37513095 PMCID: PMC10383460 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explore the effects of Zn doping on the electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of α-SnSe in bulk and monolayer forms, employing density functional theory calculations. By varying the doping concentrations, we aim to understand the characteristics of Zn-doped SnSe in both systems. Our analysis of the electronic band structure using (PBE), (SCAN), and (HSE06) functionals reveals that all doped systems exhibit semiconductor-like behavior, making them suitable for applications in optoelectronics and photovoltaics. Notably, the conduction bands in SnSe monolayers undergo changes depending on the Zn concentration. Furthermore, the optical analysis indicates a decrease in the dielectric constant when transitioning from bulk to monolayer forms, which is advantageous for capacitor production. Moreover, heavily doped SnSe monolayers hold promise for deep ultraviolet applications. Examining the thermoelectric transport properties, we observe that Zn doping enhances the electrical conductivity in bulk SnSe at temperatures below 500 K. However, the electronic thermal conductivity of monolayer samples is lower compared to bulk samples, and it decreases consistently with increasing Zn concentrations. Additionally, the Zn-doped 2D samples exhibit high Seebeck coefficients across most of the temperature ranges investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa Al Bouzieh
- Physics Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Atif Sattar
- Physics Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- National Water and Energy Center (NWEC), United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maamar Benkraouda
- Physics Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noureddine Amrane
- Physics Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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25
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Stankevich S, Sevcenko J, Bulderberga O, Dutovs A, Erts D, Piskunovs M, Ivanovs V, Ivanov V, Aniskevich A. Electrical Resistivity of 3D-Printed Polymer Elements. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2988. [PMID: 37514378 PMCID: PMC10385277 DOI: 10.3390/polym15142988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
During this study, the resistivity of electrically conductive structures 3D-printed via fused filament fabrication (FFF) was investigated. Electrical resistivity characterisation was performed on various structural levels of the whole 3D-printed body, starting from the single traxel (3D-printed single track element), continuing with monolayer and multilayer formation, finalising with hybrid structures of a basic nonconductive polymer and an electrically conductive one. Two commercial conductive materials were studied: Proto-Pasta and Koltron G1. It was determined that the geometry and resistivity of a single traxel influenced the resistivity of all subsequent structural elements of the printed body and affected its electrical anisotropy. In addition, the results showed that thermal postprocessing (annealing) affected the resistivity of a standalone extruded fibre (extruded filament through a printer nozzle in freefall) and traxel. The effect of Joule heating and piezoresistive properties of hybrid structures with imprinted conductive elements made from Koltron G1 were investigated. Results revealed good thermal stability within 70 °C and considerable piezoresistive response with a gauge factor of 15-25 at both low 0.1% and medium 1.5% elongations, indicating the potential of such structures for use as a heat element and strain gauge sensor in applications involving stiff materials and low elongations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Stankevich
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jevgenijs Sevcenko
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Olga Bulderberga
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aleksandrs Dutovs
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Donat Erts
- Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | - Victor Ivanov
- ZRF Ritec SIA, Gustava Zemgala St. 71A, LV-1039 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andrey Aniskevich
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, Jelgavas St. 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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26
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Kerslake R, Belay B, Panfilov S, Hall M, Kyrou I, Randeva HS, Hyttinen J, Karteris E, Sisu C. Transcriptional Landscape of 3D vs. 2D Ovarian Cancer Cell Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3350. [PMID: 37444459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cancer models are revolutionising research, allowing for the recapitulation of an in vivo-like response through the use of an in vitro system, which is more complex and physiologically relevant than traditional monolayer cultures. Cancers such as ovarian (OvCa) are prone to developing resistance, are often lethal, and stand to benefit greatly from the enhanced modelling emulated by 3D cultures. However, the current models often fall short of the predicted response, where reproducibility is limited owing to the lack of standardised methodology and established protocols. This meta-analysis aims to assess the current scope of 3D OvCa models and the differences in the genetic profiles presented by a vast array of 3D cultures. An analysis of the literature (Pubmed.gov) spanning 2012-2022 was used to identify studies with paired data of 3D and 2D monolayer counterparts in addition to RNA sequencing and microarray data. From the data, 19 cell lines were found to show differential regulation in their gene expression profiles depending on the bio-scaffold (i.e., agarose, collagen, or Matrigel) compared to 2D cell cultures. The top genes differentially expressed in 2D vs. 3D included C3, CXCL1, 2, and 8, IL1B, SLP1, FN1, IL6, DDIT4, PI3, LAMC2, CCL20, MMP1, IFI27, CFB, and ANGPTL4. The top enriched gene sets for 2D vs. 3D included IFN-α and IFN-γ response, TNF-α signalling, IL-6-JAK-STAT3 signalling, angiogenesis, hedgehog signalling, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia, and inflammatory response. Our transversal comparison of numerous scaffolds allowed us to highlight the variability that can be induced by these scaffolds in the transcriptional landscape and identify key genes and biological processes that are hallmarks of cancer cells grown in 3D cultures. Future studies are needed to identify which is the most appropriate in vitro/preclinical model to study tumour microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kerslake
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Birhanu Belay
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, The Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Suzana Panfilov
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Marcia Hall
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Rickmansworth Road, Northwood HA6 2RN, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, The Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Emmanouil Karteris
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Cristina Sisu
- Division of Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
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27
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Ding Y, Wang Z, Liang Z, Sun X, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Liu J, Wang C, Zeng Z, Fu L, Zeng M, Tang L. Monolayer High-Entropy Layered Hydroxide Frame for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Adv Mater 2023:e2302860. [PMID: 37279141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High-entropy materials with tailored geometric and elemental composition provide a guideline for designing advanced electrocatalysts. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is a most efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst. However, due to the huge difference in ionic solubility product, an extremely strong alkali environment is necessary to prepare high-entropy layered hydroxides (HELHs), which results in the uncontrollable structure, poor stability and scarce active sites. Here, we present a universal synthesis of monolayer HELH frame in a mild environment, regardless of the solubility product limit. Mild reaction conditions allow us to precisely control the fine structure and elemental composition of the final product. Consequently, the surface area of the HELHs is up to 380.5 m2 g-1 . The current density of 100 mA cm-2 is achieved in 1 M KOH at an overpotential of 259 mV. And after 1000 hours operation at the current density of 20 mA cm-2 , the catalytic performance shows no obvious deterioration. The high-entropy engineering and fine nanostructure control open opportunities to solve the problems of low intrinsic activity, very few active sites, instability, low conductance during OER for LDH catalysts. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Ding
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhouyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zijia Liang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xueping Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zihang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ziyue Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lin Tang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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28
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Regős K, Pawlak R, Wang X, Meyer E, Decurtins S, Domokos G, Novoselov KS, Liu SX, Aschauer U. Polygonal tessellations as predictive models of molecular monolayers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300049120. [PMID: 37040408 PMCID: PMC10120003 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300049120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly plays a very important role in various aspects of technology as well as in biological systems. Governed by covalent, hydrogen or van der Waals interactions-self-assembly of alike molecules results in a large variety of complex patterns even in two dimensions (2D). Prediction of pattern formation for 2D molecular networks is extremely important, though very challenging, and so far, relied on computationally involved approaches such as density functional theory, classical molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo, or machine learning. Such methods, however, do not guarantee that all possible patterns will be considered and often rely on intuition. Here, we introduce a much simpler, though rigorous, hierarchical geometric model founded on the mean-field theory of 2D polygonal tessellations to predict extended network patterns based on molecular-level information. Based on graph theory, this approach yields pattern classification and pattern prediction within well-defined ranges. When applied to existing experimental data, our model provides a different view of self-assembled molecular patterns, leading to interesting predictions on admissible patterns and potential additional phases. While developed for hydrogen-bonded systems, an extension to covalently bonded graphene-derived materials or 3D structures such as fullerenes is possible, significantly opening the range of potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Regős
- Department of Morphology and Geometric Modeling, Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsH-1111Budapest, Hungary
- Morphodynamics Research Group, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network and Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rémy Pawlak
- Department of Physics, University of Basel4056Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Bern3012Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel4056Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Bern3012Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gábor Domokos
- Department of Morphology and Geometric Modeling, Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsH-1111Budapest, Hungary
- Morphodynamics Research Group, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network and Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kostya S. Novoselov
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Bern3012Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Aschauer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel4056Basel, Switzerland
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29
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Díaz-Marín CD, Li D, Vázquez-Cosme FJ, Pajovic S, Cha H, Song Y, Kilpatrick C, Vaartstra G, Wilson CT, Boriskina S, Wang EN. Capillary Transfer of Self-Assembled Colloidal Crystals. Nano Lett 2023; 23:1888-1896. [PMID: 36802577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal self-assembly has attracted significant interest in numerous applications including optics, electrochemistry, thermofluidics, and biomolecule templating. To meet the requirements of these applications, numerous fabrication methods have been developed. However, these are limited to narrow ranges of feature sizes, are incompatible with many substrates, and/or have low scalability, significantly limiting the use of colloidal self-assembly. In this work, we study the capillary transfer of colloidal crystals and demonstrate that this approach overcomes these limitations. Enabled by capillary transfer, we fabricate 2D colloidal crystals with nano-to-micro feature sizes spanning 2 orders of magnitude and on typically challenging substrates including those that are hydrophobic, rough, curved, or structured with microchannels. We developed and systemically validated a capillary peeling model, elucidating the underlying transfer physics. Due to its high versatility, good quality, and simplicity, this approach can expand the possibilities of colloidal self-assembly and enhance the performance of applications using colloidal crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D Díaz-Marín
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Diane Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Fernando J Vázquez-Cosme
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Puerto Rico─Mayagüez, Mayagüez, 00681, Puerto Rico
| | - Simo Pajovic
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hyeongyun Cha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Youngsup Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cameron Kilpatrick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, United States
| | - Geoffrey Vaartstra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chad T Wilson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Svetlana Boriskina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Evelyn N Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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30
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Williams LO, Nava EK, Shi A, Roberts TJ, Davis CS, Claridge SA. Designing Interfacial Reactions for Nanometer-Scale Surface Patterning of PDMS with Controlled Elastic Modulus. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:11360-11368. [PMID: 36787222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Control over the surface chemistry of elastomers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is important for many applications. However, achieving nanostructured chemical control on amorphous material interfaces below the length scale of substrate heterogeneity is not straightforward, and can be particularly difficult to decouple from changes in network structure that are required for certain applications (e.g., variation of elastic modulus for cell culture). We have recently reported a new method for precisely structured surface functionalization of PDMS and other soft materials, which displays high densities of ligands directly on the material surface, maximizing steric accessibility. Here, we systematically examine structural factors in the PDMS components (e.g., base and cross-linker structures) that impact efficiency of the interfacial reaction that leads to surface functionalization. Applying this understanding, we demonstrate routes for generating equivalent nanometer-scale functional patterns on PDMS with elastic moduli from 0.013 to 1.4 MPa, establishing a foundation for use in applications such as cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura O Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Emmanuel K Nava
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Anni Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tyler J Roberts
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Chelsea S Davis
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Shelley A Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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31
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Chen PH, Chen CA, Lin YT, Hsieh PY, Chuang MH, Liu X, Hsieh TY, Shen CH, Shieh JM, Wu MC, Chen YF, Yang CC, Lee YH. Passivated Interfacial Traps of Monolayer MoS 2 with Bipolar Electrical Pulse. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:10812-10819. [PMID: 36802479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous integration of monolayers is an emergent route of spatially combining materials with available platforms for unprecedented properties. A long-standing challenge along this route is to manipulate interfacial configurations of each unit in stacking architecture. A monolayer of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offers an embodiment of studying interface engineering of integrated systems because optoelectronic performances generally trade off with each other due to interfacial trap states. While ultrahigh photoresponsivity of TMDs phototransistors has been realized, a long response time commonly appears and hinders applications. Here, fundamental processes in excitation and relaxation of the photoresponse are studied and correlated with interfacial traps of the monolayer MoS2. A mechanism for the onset of saturation photocurrent and the reset behavior in the monolayer photodetector is illustrated based on device performances. Electrostatic passivation of interfacial traps is achieved with the bipolar gate pulse and significantly reduces the response time for photocurrent to reach saturated states. This work paves the way toward fast-speed and ultrahigh-gain devices of stacked two-dimensional monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Zhongli 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yi Hsieh
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsi Chuang
- Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoze Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Tung-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hong Shen
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Min Shieh
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chyi Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fu Chen
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Zhongli 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Yang
- Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Lee
- Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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32
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Prokopyeva EA, Kurskaya OG, Solomatina MV, Sobolev IA, Saroyan TA, Dubovitskiy NA, Derko AA, Kozhin PM, Alikina TY, Kabilov MR, Shestopalov AM, Sharshov KA. Virological and genetic characteristics of human respiratory syncytial viruses isolated in Russia, 2017-2018. J Infect Dev Ctries 2023; 17:251-259. [PMID: 36897908 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolation of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) from clinical samples and storage of isolates for long period remains a considerable problem. We describe in detail the optimized conditions of HRSV isolation and cultivation in three cell cultures HeLa, HEp-2, and Vero. HRSV was detected in 35.2% (166/471) specimens by real-time PCR from symptomatic infants and children up to 15 years from October 2017 to March 2018 in Russia. HRSV-positive samples were used for virus isolation in HeLa, HEp-2, and Vero cells in different manners (in monolayer or suspension). To optimize the conditions of HRSV cultivation, these cell cultures were treated or not with receptor-destroying enzyme (RDE). Ten isolates were successfully obtained by the way of infection of the suspension of cells with subsequent RDE treatment. Among them, several isolates induced the cytopathogenic effect (CPE) by the syncytium formation in both Hela and HEp-2 cell cultures. The genetic analysis revealed that the manners of isolation by using monolayer or suspension and subsequent RDE treatment did not influence the nucleotide and amino acid structures of obtained HRSVs. The CPE characteristics of obtained viruses were the same in HeLa, HEp-2, and Vero cell cultures, and were described as large syncytium up to 150 microns or more in size with the nuclei peripheral location and an optically bright zone in the center of the formation. We showed that infection of cell suspension with the subsequent RDE treatment increased the chance of HRSVs isolation from clinical samples.
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33
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Ku CA, Chung CK. Advances in Humidity Nanosensors and Their Application: Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23042328. [PMID: 36850926 PMCID: PMC9960561 DOI: 10.3390/s23042328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As the technology revolution and industrialization have flourished in the last few decades, the development of humidity nanosensors has become more important for the detection and control of humidity in the industry production line, food preservation, chemistry, agriculture and environmental monitoring. The new nanostructured materials and fabrication in nanosensors are linked to better sensor performance, especially for superior humidity sensing, following the intensive research into the design and synthesis of nanomaterials in the last few years. Various nanomaterials, such as ceramics, polymers, semiconductor and sulfide, carbon-based, triboelectrical nanogenerator (TENG), and MXene, have been studied for their potential ability to sense humidity with structures of nanowires, nanotubes, nanopores, and monolayers. These nanosensors have been synthesized via a wide range of processes, including solution synthesis, anodization, physical vapor deposition (PVD), or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The sensing mechanism, process improvement and nanostructure modulation of different types of materials are mostly inexhaustible, but they are all inseparable from the goals of the effective response, high sensitivity and low response-recovery time of humidity sensors. In this review, we focus on the sensing mechanism of direct and indirect sensing, various fabrication methods, nanomaterial geometry and recent advances in humidity nanosensors. Various types of capacitive, resistive and optical humidity nanosensors are introduced, alongside illustration of the properties and nanostructures of various materials. The similarities and differences of the humidity-sensitive mechanisms of different types of materials are summarized. Applications such as IoT, and the environmental and human-body monitoring of nanosensors are the development trends for futures advancements.
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34
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Pérez L, Sentís A, Hafidi Z, Pinazo A, García MT, Martín-Pastor M, de Sousa FFO. Zein Nanoparticles Containing Arginine-Based Surfactants: Physicochemical Characterization and Effect on the Biological Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032568. [PMID: 36768892 PMCID: PMC9917094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic surfactants carry antimicrobial activity, based on their interaction and disruption of cell membranes. Nonetheless, their intrinsic toxicity limits their applicability. To overcome this issue, a feasible strategy consists of using solid nanoparticles to improve their delivery. The zein nanoparticles were loaded with four cationic arginine-based surfactants: one single chain Nα-lauroyl-arginine (LAM) and three Gemini surfactants Nα Nω-Bis (Nα-lauroyl-arginine) α, ω-diamide) (C3(LA)2, C6(LA)2 and C9(LA)2). Blank and loaded zein nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, polydispersity and zeta potential. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts and the hemolytic activity were investigated and compared to the surfactants in a solution. Nanoparticles were found to be monodisperse, presenting a size of between 180-341 nm, a pdI of <0.2 and a positive zeta potential of between +13 and +53 mV, remaining stable over 365 days. The nanoencapsulation maintained the antimicrobial activity as unaltered, while the extensive hemolytic activity found for the surfactants in a solution was reduced drastically. Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance (NMR), molecular docking and monolayer findings indicated that zein entraps the surfactants, interfering in the surfactant-membrane interactions. Accordingly, the nanoepcasulation of arginine surfactants improved their selectivity, while the cationic charges were free to attack and destroy bacteria and fungi; the aliphatic chains were not available to disrupt the cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Pérez
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Sentís
- While was at Biocompatible Surfactant and Liquid Ionic Group, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zakaria Hafidi
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Pinazo
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Teresa García
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martín-Pastor
- Unidad de Resonancia Magnética, Área de Infraestructuras de Investigación, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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35
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Sypabekova M, Hagemann A, Rho D, Kim S. Review: 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) Deposition Methods on Oxide Surfaces in Solution and Vapor Phases for Biosensing Applications. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 13:bios13010036. [PMID: 36671871 PMCID: PMC9856095 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Surface functionalization and bioreceptor immobilization are critical processes in developing a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. The silanization process with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on oxide surfaces is frequently used for surface functionalization because of beneficial characteristics such as its bifunctional nature and low cost. Optimizing the deposition process of the APTES layer to obtain a monolayer is crucial to having a stable surface and effectively immobilizing the bioreceptors, which leads to the improved repeatability and sensitivity of the biosensor. This review provides an overview of APTES deposition methods, categorized into the solution-phase and vapor-phase, and a comprehensive summary and guide for creating stable APTES monolayers on oxide surfaces for biosensing applications. A brief explanation of APTES is introduced, and the APTES deposition methods with their pre/post-treatments and characterization results are discussed. Lastly, APTES deposition methods on nanoparticles used for biosensors are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzhan Sypabekova
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Aidan Hagemann
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Donggee Rho
- Center for Nano Bio Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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36
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Weeks NJ, Phelps CR, Gazmin ET, Iacono ST. Influencing the Crystalline Domains of Poly(vinylidenedifluoride) Composites Using Fluorinated Silica Nanoparticles as Drop-In Modifiers. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238398. [PMID: 36500489 PMCID: PMC9738907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements to fluoropolymer processing techniques by way of utilizing nanoparticles as drop-in processing aids have pronounced effects on bulk composite properties. In this work, we prepared fluoroalkyl-silanized silica nanoparticles (F-SiNPs, ca. 200 nm) that were solvent-blended with polyvinylenedifluoride (PVDF) in order to prepare composites with varying weight fractions. We demonstrated that the ability to functionalize SiNPs with long fluoroalkylchains that induced co-crystallization with the PVDF matrix, resulting in uniform particle dispersion and improved interlaminate adhesion. This was quantitatively investigated using calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, which showed a decrease in the bulk crystallinity of the virgin PVDF from 37% to 10% with minimal 10 wt % F-SiNP loading, rendering a nearly amorphous PVDF. Additional discussions in this work include the effects of various bare and fluoroalkyl-functionalized SiNP loadings on the amorphous and crystalline domains of the PVDF matrix, as well as thermal decomposition.
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37
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Martins Quintela MFC, Peres NMR. Wannier excitons confined in hexagonal boron nitride triangular quantum dots. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 35:035302. [PMID: 36368044 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca24f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-growing interest in quantum computing, understanding the behavior of excitons in monolayer quantum dots has become a topic of great relevance. In this paper, we consider a Wannier exciton confined in a triangular quantum dot of hexagonal boron nitride. We begin by outlining the adequate basis functions to describe a particle in a triangular enclosure, analyzing their degeneracy and symmetries. Afterwards, we discuss the excitonic Hamiltonian inside the quantum dot and study the influence of the quantum dot dimensions on the excitonic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F C Martins Quintela
- Department of Physics and Centre of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP), Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - N M R Peres
- Department of Physics and Centre of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP), Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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38
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Huang Z, Fang M, Tu B, Yang J, Yan Z, Alemayehu HG, Tang Z, Li L. Essence of the Enhanced Osmotic Energy Conversion in a Covalent Organic Framework Monolayer. ACS Nano 2022; 16:17149-17156. [PMID: 36165566 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Low membrane conductivity originated from a high membrane thickness has long been the "Achilles heel" of the conventional polymeric membrane, greatly hampering the improvement of the output power density in osmotic power generation. Herein, we demonstrate a molecularly-thin two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic framework (COF) monolayer membrane, featured with ultimate thickness, high pore density, and tight pore size distribution, which performs as a highly efficient osmotic power generator. Despite the large pore size up to 3.8 nm and relatively low surface charge density of 2.2 mC m-2, the monolayer COF membrane exhibits a high osmotic current density of 16.7 kA m-2 and an output power density of 102 W m-2 under 50 times the NaCl salinity gradient (0.5 M/0.01 M). This superior power density could be further improved to 170 W m-2 in the real seawater/river water gradient system. When the large pore size and low surface charge density are considered, this superior performance is not expected. Computational studies further reveal that the ultimate membrane permeability originated from the high membrane porosity, rather than ion selectivity, plays a dominant role in the production of high current density, especially under high salinity. This work provides an alternative strategy to realize improved output power density in ultrapermeable membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Munan Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinlei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Haftu Gebrekiros Alemayehu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lianshan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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39
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Hartwich P, Pritzel C, Killian MS. Transfer of a Photocatalytically Active TiO 2 Nanotube Array onto Cementitious Materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:47272-47276. [PMID: 36197127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to a recent change concerning the risk and hazard regulations of titanium dioxide powders, which possibly leads to restrictions in the use of those materials in photocatalytic applications, an alternative utilization of titanium dioxide is shown in this work. This is achieved by covering surfaces of cement-based materials with a regular-shaped monolayer of photocatalytically active titanium dioxide nanotube arrays which are not affected by the regulation changes due to their shape and size. This study delivers a proposal for the synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes via anodization and their post-treatment to generate detached crystalline nanotube arrays which can be easily transferred onto material surfaces. We show that the transfer of such nanostructured materials can be achieved by modifying the cement mold, showing the opportunity for applying the material to precast elements. The composite material is characterized by referencing the morphology and photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hartwich
- Chemistry and Structures of Novel Materials, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz Street 9-11, 57068Siegen, Germany
| | - Christian Pritzel
- Chemistry and Structures of Novel Materials, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz Street 9-11, 57068Siegen, Germany
| | - Manuela S Killian
- Chemistry and Structures of Novel Materials, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz Street 9-11, 57068Siegen, Germany
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40
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Zhao L, Sidnawi B, Fan J, Chen R, Scully T, Dietrich S, Gao W, Wu Q, Li B. Wafer-Scale Full-Coverage Self-Limiting Assembly of Particles on Flexible Substrates. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:46095-46102. [PMID: 36174021 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-limiting assembly of particles represents the state-of-the-art controllability in nanomanufacturing processes where the assembly stops at a designated stage, providing a desirable platform for applications requiring delicate thickness control such as optics, electronics, and catalytic systems. Most successes in self-limiting assembly are limited to self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of small molecules on inorganic, chemically homogeneous rigid substrates (e.g., Au and SiO2) through surface-interaction mechanisms. Similar mechanisms, however, cannot achieve a uniform assembly of particles on flexible polymer substrates. The complex configurations and conformations of polymer chains create a surface with nonuniform distributions of chemical groups and phases. In addition, most assembly mechanisms require good solvent wettability, where many desirable but hard-to-wet particles and polymer substrates are excluded. Here, we demonstrate a collision-based self-limiting assembly (CSA) to achieve wafer-scale, full-coverage, close-packed monolayers of hydrophobic particles on hydrophobic polymer substrates in aqueous solutions. The kinetic assembly and self-limiting processes are facilitated and controlled by the combined acoustic and shear fields. We envision many applications in functional coatings and showcase their feasibility in structural coloration. Importantly, such functional coatings can be repaired using CSA, and both particles and polymer substrate can be recycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
- Hybrid Nano-Architectures and Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
| | - Bchara Sidnawi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
- Cellular Biomechanics and Sports Science Laboratory, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
| | - Jichao Fan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah84112, United States
| | - Ruiyang Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah84112, United States
| | - Thomas Scully
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
- Hybrid Nano-Architectures and Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
| | - Scott Dietrich
- Department of Physics, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
| | - Weilu Gao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah84112, United States
| | - Qianhong Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
- Cellular Biomechanics and Sports Science Laboratory, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
- Hybrid Nano-Architectures and Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania19085, United States
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Kowalczyk DA, Rogala M, Szałowski K, Belić D, Dąbrowski P, Krukowski P, Lutsyk I, Piskorski M, Nadolska A, Krempiński P, Le Ster M, Kowalczyk PJ. Two-Dimensional Crystals as a Buffer Layer for High Work Function Applications: The Case of Monolayer MoO 3. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:44506-44515. [PMID: 35976059 PMCID: PMC9542700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We propose that the crystallinity of two-dimensional (2D) materials is a crucial factor for achieving highly effective work function (WF) modification. A crystalline 2D MoO3 monolayer enhances substrate WF up to 6.4 eV for thicknesses as low as 0.7 nm. Such a high WF makes 2D MoO3 a great candidate for tuning properties of anode materials and for the future design of organic electronic devices, where accurate evaluation of the WF is crucial. We provide a detailed investigation of WF of 2D α-MoO3 directly grown on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite, by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS). This study underlines the importance of a controlled environment and the resulting crystallinity to achieve high WF in MoO3. UPS is proved to be suitable for determining higher WF attributed to 2D islands on a substrate with lower WF, yet only in particular cases of sufficient coverage. KPFM remains a method of choice for nanoscale investigations, especially when conducted under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Our experimental results are supported by density functional theory calculations of electrostatic potential, which indicate that oxygen vacancies result in anisotropy of WF at the sides of the MoO3 monolayer. These novel insights into the electronic properties of 2D-MoO3 are promising for the design of electronic devices with high WF monolayer films, preserving the transparency and flexibility of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota A. Kowalczyk
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Rogala
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Karol Szałowski
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Domagoj Belić
- Division
of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department
of Physics, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University
of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Paweł Dąbrowski
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Paweł Krukowski
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Iaroslav Lutsyk
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Piskorski
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Nadolska
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Patryk Krempiński
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Maxime Le Ster
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Paweł J. Kowalczyk
- Department
of Solid State Physics (Member of National Photovoltaic Laboratory,
Poland), Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
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Lin MK, Chen GH, Ho CL, Chueh WC, Hlevyack JA, Kuo CN, Fu TY, Lin JJ, Lue CS, Chang WH, Takagi N, Arafune R, Chiang TC, Lin CL. Tip-Mediated Bandgap Tuning for Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. ACS Nano 2022; 16:14918-14924. [PMID: 36036754 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides offer an appropriate platform for developing advanced electronics beyond graphene. Similar to two-dimensional molecular frameworks, the electronic properties of such monolayers can be sensitive to perturbations from the surroundings; the implied tunability of electronic structure is of great interest. Using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, we demonstrated a bandgap engineering technique in two monolayer materials, MoS2 and PtTe2, with the tunneling current as a control parameter. The bandgap of monolayer MoS2 decreases logarithmically by the increasing tunneling current, indicating an electric-field-induced gap renormalization effect. Monolayer PtTe2, by contrast, exhibits a much stronger gap reduction, and a reversible semiconductor-to-metal transition occurs at a moderate tunneling current. This unusual switching behavior of monolayer PtTe2, not seen in bulk semimetallic PtTe2, can be attributed to its surface electronic structure that can readily couple to the tunneling tip, as demonstrated by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Kai Lin
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Hao Chen
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ciao-Lin Ho
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Chueh
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Andrew Hlevyack
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chia-Nung Kuo
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, National Science and Technology Council, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Yi Fu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Juhn-Jong Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science (CEFMS), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chin Shan Lue
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials, National Science and Technology Council, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hao Chang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science (CEFMS), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Noriaki Takagi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Arafune
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Ibaraki 304-0044, Japan
| | - Tai-Chang Chiang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Li S, Ren R, Lyu L, Song J, Wang Y, Lin TW, Brun AL, Hsu HY, Shen HH. Solid and Liquid Surface-Supported Bacterial Membrane Mimetics as a Platform for the Functional and Structural Studies of Antimicrobials. Membranes (Basel) 2022; 12:membranes12100906. [PMID: 36295664 PMCID: PMC9609327 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance has provoked the urgent need to investigate the interactions of antimicrobials with bacterial membranes. The reasons for emerging antibiotic resistance and innovations in novel therapeutic approaches are highly relevant to the mechanistic interactions between antibiotics and membranes. Due to the dynamic nature, complex compositions, and small sizes of native bacterial membranes, bacterial membrane mimetics have been developed to allow for the in vitro examination of structures, properties, dynamics, and interactions. In this review, three types of model membranes are discussed: monolayers, supported lipid bilayers, and supported asymmetric bilayers; this review highlights their advantages and constraints. From monolayers to asymmetric bilayers, biomimetic bacterial membranes replicate various properties of real bacterial membranes. The typical synthetic methods for fabricating each model membrane are introduced. Depending on the properties of lipids and their biological relevance, various lipid compositions have been used to mimic bacterial membranes. For example, mixtures of phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), phosphatidylglycerols (PG), and cardiolipins (CL) at various molar ratios have been used, approaching actual lipid compositions of Gram-positive bacterial membranes and inner membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. Asymmetric lipid bilayers can be fabricated on solid supports to emulate Gram-negative bacterial outer membranes. To probe the properties of the model bacterial membranes and interactions with antimicrobials, three common characterization techniques, including quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and neutron reflectometry (NR) are detailed in this review article. Finally, we provide examples showing that the combination of bacterial membrane models and characterization techniques is capable of providing crucial information in the design of new antimicrobials that combat bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ruohua Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Letian Lyu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiangning Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Yajun Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tsung-Wu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | - Anton Le Brun
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hsin-Hui Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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Martins Quintela MFC, Costa AT, Peres NMR. Excitonic instability in transition metal dichalcogenides. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:455303. [PMID: 36063813 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac8f7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
When transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers lack inversion symmetry, their low-energy single particle spectrum near some high-symmetry points can, in some cases, be described by tilted massive Dirac Hamiltonians. The so-called Janus materials fall into that category. Inversion symmetry can also be broken by the application of out-of-plane electric fields, or by the mere presence of a substrate. Here we explore the properties of excitons in TMDC monolayers lacking inversion symmetry. We find that exciton binding energies can be larger than the electronic band gap, making such materials promising candidates to host the elusive exciton insulator phase. We also investigate the excitonic contribution to their optical conductivity and discuss the associated optical selection rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F C Martins Quintela
- Department of Physics and Centre of Physics of the Universites of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP), Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - A T Costa
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - N M R Peres
- Department of Physics and Centre of Physics of the Universites of Minho and Porto (CF-UM-UP), Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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45
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Glencross HD. Cytocentrifugation - a perfect circle? Cytopathology 2022; 33:637-639. [PMID: 35526148 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Kozak A, Hofbauerová M, Halahovets Y, Pribusová-Slušná L, Precner M, Mičušík M, Orovčík L, Hulman M, Stepura A, Omastová M, Šiffalovič P, Ťapajna M. Nanofriction Properties of Mono- and Double-Layer Ti 3C 2T x MXenes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:36815-36824. [PMID: 35921624 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unique structure and ability to control the surface termination groups of MXenes make these materials extremely promising for solid lubrication applications. Due to the challenging delamination process, the tribological properties of two-dimensional MXenes particles have been mostly investigated as additive components in the solvents working in the macrosystem, while the understanding of the nanotribological properties of mono- and few-layer MXenes is still limited. Here, we investigate the nanotribological properties of mono- and double-layer Ti3C2Tx MXenes deposited by the Langmuir-Schaefer technique on SiO2/Si substrates. The friction of all of the samples demonstrated superior lubrication properties with respect to SiO2 substrate, while the friction force of the monolayers was found to be slightly higher compared to double- and three-layer flakes, which demonstrated similar friction. The coefficient of friction was estimated to be 0.087 ± 0.002 and 0.082 ± 0.003 for mono- and double-layer flakes, respectively. The viscous regime was suggested as the dominant friction mechanism at high scanning velocities, while the meniscus forces affected by contamination of the MXenes surface were proposed to control the friction at low sliding velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Kozak
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 11, Slovakia
| | - Monika Hofbauerová
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Yuriy Halahovets
- Institute of Physics SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Pribusová-Slušná
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Electrical Engineering SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marián Precner
- Institute of Electrical Engineering SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matej Mičušík
- Polymer Institute SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - L'ubomír Orovčík
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 13 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Hulman
- Institute of Electrical Engineering SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Mária Omastová
- Polymer Institute SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Šiffalovič
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Ťapajna
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Electrical Engineering SAS, Dúbravská cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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47
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Daus A, Jaikissoon M, Khan AI, Kumar A, Grady RW, Saraswat KC, Pop E. Fast-Response Flexible Temperature Sensors with Atomically Thin Molybdenum Disulfide. Nano Lett 2022; 22:6135-6140. [PMID: 35899996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Real-time thermal sensing on flexible substrates could enable a plethora of new applications. However, achieving fast, sub-millisecond response times even in a single sensor is difficult, due to the thermal mass of the sensor and encapsulation. Here, we fabricate flexible monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) temperature sensors and arrays, which can detect temperature changes within a few microseconds, over 100× faster than flexible thin-film metal sensors. Thermal simulations indicate the sensors' response time is only limited by the MoS2 interfaces and encapsulation. The sensors also have high temperature coefficient of resistance, ∼1-2%/K and stable operation upon cycling and long-term measurement when they are encapsulated with alumina. These results, together with their biocompatibility, make these devices excellent candidates for biomedical sensor arrays and many other Internet of Things applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alwin Daus
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Marc Jaikissoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Asir Intisar Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Aravindh Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ryan W Grady
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Krishna C Saraswat
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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48
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Ingle A, Singh M, Tawfik SA, Murdoch BJ, Harrop Mayes EL, Sapountzis Spencer MJ, Ramanathan R, Bansal V. Reactive Oxygen Species Sequestration Induced Synthesis of β-PbO and Its Polymorphic Transformation to α-PbO at Atomically Thin Regimes. ACS Nano 2022; 16:10679-10691. [PMID: 35759757 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of attractive properties in materials at atomically thin regimes has seen an ongoing interest in two-dimensional (2D) materials. An aspect that has lacked focused attention is the effect of 2D material thickness on its crystal structure. As several layered materials naturally exist in mixed metastable phases, it raises an important question of whether a specific polymorph of these mixed-phase materials will be favored at atomically thin limits. This work attempts to address this issue by employing lead monoxide as a model 2D polymorphic system. We propose a reactive oxygen species (ROS) sequestration-mediated liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) strategy for the facile synthesis of ultrathin PbO. This is followed by a suite of microscopic and spectroscopic analyses of the PbO nanosheets that reveals the polymorphic transformation of orthorhombic (β) PbO to its tetragonal (α) analogue with reduction in nanosheet thickness. The transformation process reveals an interesting crystal structure of ultrathin 2D PbO where [001]-oriented domains of α-PbO coexist alongside [100]-oriented regions of β-PbO. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support our experimental data by revealing a higher thermodynamic stability of the tetragonal phase in PbO monolayers. These findings are likely to instigate interest in carefully evaluating the crystal structures of ultrathin 2D materials while promoting research in understanding the phase transformation across a range of 2D crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviraj Ingle
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Sherif Abdulkader Tawfik
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Billy James Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Edwin Lawrence Harrop Mayes
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Pan S, Hong M, Zhu L, Quan W, Zhang Z, Huan Y, Yang P, Cui F, Zhou F, Hu J, Zheng F, Zhang Y. On-Site Synthesis and Characterizations of Atomically-Thin Nickel Tellurides with Versatile Stoichiometric Phases through Self-Intercalation. ACS Nano 2022; 16:11444-11454. [PMID: 35786839 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-intercalation of native metal atoms in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides has received rapidly increasing interest, due to the generation of intriguing structures and exotic physical properties, however, only reported in limited materials systems. An emerging type-II Dirac semimetal, NiTe2, has inspired great attention at the 2D thickness region, but has been rarely achieved so far. Herein, we report the direct synthesis of mono- to few-layer Ni-tellurides including 1T-NiTe2 and Ni-rich stoichiometric phases on graphene/SiC(0001) substrates under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. Differing from previous chemical vapor deposition growth accompanied with transmission electron microscopy imaging, this work combines precisely tailored synthesis with on-site atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscopy observations, offering us visual information about the phase modulations of Ni-tellurides from 1T-phase NiTe2 to self-intercalated Ni3Te4 and Ni5Te6. The synthesis of Ni self-intercalated NixTey compounds is explained to be mediated by the high metal chemical potential under Ni-rich conditions, according to density functional theory calculations. More intriguingly, the emergence of superconductivity in bilayer NiTe2 intercalated with 50% Ni is also predicted, arising from the enhanced electron-phonon coupling strength after the self-intercalation. This work provides insight into the direct synthesis and stoichiometric phase modulation of 2D layered materials, enriching the family of self-intercalated materials and propelling their property explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyuan Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Quan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahuan Huan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Feipeng Zheng
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Shen D, Zhao B, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Yang X, Huang Z, Li B, Song R, Jin Y, Wu R, Li B, Li J, Duan X. Synthesis of Group VIII Magnetic Transition-Metal-Doped Monolayer MoSe 2. ACS Nano 2022; 16:10623-10631. [PMID: 35735791 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The limitation on the spintronic applications of van der Waals layered transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors is ascribed to the intrinsic nonmagnetic feature. Recent studies have proved that substitutional doping is an effective route to alter the magnetic properties of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). However, highly valid and repeatable substitutional doping of TMDs remains to be developed. Herein, we report group VIII magnetic transition metal-doped molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) single crystals via a one-pot mixed-salt-intermediated chemical vapor deposition method with high controllability and reproducibility. The high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy studies further confirm that the sites of Fe are indeed substitutionally incorporated into the MoSe2 monolayer. The Fe-doped MoSe2 monolayer with a concentration from 0.93% to 6.10% could be obtained by controlling the ratios of FeCl3/Na2MoO4. Moreover, this strategy can be extended to create Co(Ni)-doped MoSe2 monolayers. The magnetic hysteresis (M-H) measurements demonstrate that group VIII magnetic transition-metal-doped MoSe2 samples exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism. Additionally, the Fe-doped MoSe2 field effect transistor shows n-type semiconductor characteristics, indicating the obtainment of a room-temperature dilute magnetic semiconductor. Our approach is universal in magnetic transition-metal substitutional doping of TMDs, and it inspires further research interest in the study of related spintronic and magnetoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Shen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zucheng Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bailing Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Rong Song
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yejun Jin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jia Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xidong Duan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082, China
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