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Fan X, He S, Feng P, Xiao Y, Yin C, Du YA, Li M, Zhao L, Gao L. Realizing Ultrafast Response Speed for Self-Powered Photodetectors with a Molecular-Doped Lateral InSe Homojunction. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5923-5934. [PMID: 38809779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of energy-saving policies has stimulated intensive interest in exploring self-powered optoelectronic devices. The 2D p-n homojunction exhibits effective generation and separation of carriers excited by light, realizing lower power consumption and higher performance photodetectors. Here, a self-powered photodetector with high performance is fabricated based on an F4-TCNQ localized molecular-doped lateral InSe homojunction. Compared with the intrinsic InSe photodetector, the switching light ratio (Ilight/Idark) of the p-n homojunction device can be enhanced by 2.2 × 104, and the temporal response is also dramatically improved to 24/30 μs. Benefiting from the built-in electric field, due to the formation of an InSe p-n homojunction after partial doping of F4-TCNQ on InSe, the device possesses a high responsivity (R) of 93.21 mA/W, with a specific detectivity (D*) of 1.14 × 1011 Jones. These results suggest a promising approach to get a lateral InSe p-n homojunction and reveal the potential application of the device for next generation low-consumption photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Sixian He
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pu Feng
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Yuke Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chengdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-An Du
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Liao L, Kovalska E, Regner J, Song Q, Sofer Z. Two-Dimensional Van Der Waals Thin Film and Device. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303638. [PMID: 37731156 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of thin-film electronics, the emergence of large-area flexible and wearable devices has been a significant milestone. Although organic semiconductor thin films, which can be manufactured through solution processing, have been identified, their utility is often undermined by their poor stability and low carrier mobility under ambient conditions. However, inorganic nanomaterials can be solution-processed and demonstrate outstanding intrinsic properties and structural stability. In particular, a series of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet/nanoparticle materials have been shown to form stable colloids in their respective solvents. However, the integration of these 2D nanomaterials into continuous large-area thin with precise control of layer thickness and lattice orientation still remains a significant challenge. This review paper undertakes a detailed analysis of van der Waals thin films, derived from 2D materials, in the advancement of thin-film electronics and optoelectronic devices. The superior intrinsic properties and structural stability of inorganic nanomaterials are highlighted, which can be solution-processed and underscor the importance of solution-based processing, establishing it as a cornerstone strategy for scalable electronic and optoelectronic applications. A comprehensive exploration of the challenges and opportunities associated with the utilization of 2D materials for the next generation of thin-film electronics and optoelectronic devices is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liao
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Evgeniya Kovalska
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, Department of Engineering, Exeter, EX4 4QF, UK
| | - Jakub Regner
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Qunliang Song
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
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Tran TA, Hai LS, Vi VTT, Nguyen CQ, Nghiem NT, Thao LTP, Hieu NN. Janus structures of the C 2h polymorph of gallium monochalcogenides: first-principles examination of Ga 2XY (X/Y = S, Se, Te) monolayers. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12153-12160. [PMID: 37082371 PMCID: PMC10112393 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Group III monochalcogenide compounds can exist in different polymorphs, including the conventional D 3h and C 2h phases. Since the bulk form of the C 2h-group III monochalcogenides has been successfully synthesized [Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 73 (2006) 235202], prospects for research on their corresponding monolayers have also been opened. In this study, we design and systematically consider a series of Janus structures formed from the two-dimensional C 2h phase of gallium monochalcogenide Ga2XY (X/Y = S, Se, Te) using first-principles simulations. It is demonstrated that the Janus Ga2XY monolayers are structurally stable and energetically favorable. Ga2XY monolayers exhibit high anisotropic mechanical features due to their anisotropic lattice structure. All Janus Ga2XY are indirect semiconductors with energy gap values in the range from 1.93 to 2.67 eV. Due to the asymmetrical structure, we can observe distinct vacuum level differences between the two surfaces of the examined Janus structures. Ga2XY monolayers have high electron mobility and their carrier mobilities are also highly directionally anisotropic. It is worth noting that the Ga2SSe monolayer possesses superior electron mobility, up to 3.22 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1, making it an excellent candidate for potential applications in nanoelectronics and nanooptoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan-Anh Tran
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Le S Hai
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Vo T T Vi
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University Hue Vietnam
| | - Cuong Q Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam
| | - Nguyen T Nghiem
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ha Noi Vietnam
| | - Le T P Thao
- Faculty of Physics, University of Science and Education, The University of Da Nang Da Nang Vietnam
| | - Nguyen N Hieu
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam
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Bikerouin M, Chdil O, Balli M. Solar cells based on 2D Janus group-III chalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7126-7138. [PMID: 37000599 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Janus monolayers, realized by breaking the vertical structural symmetry of two-dimensional (2D) materials, pave the way for a new era of high-quality and high-performance atomically-thin vertical p-n heterojunction solar cells. Herein, employing first-principles computations, Janus group-III chalcogenide monolayers, MX, M2XY, MM'X2 and MM'XY (M, M' = Ga, In; X, Y = S, Se, Te), are deeply investigated in view of their implementation in 2D photovoltaic systems. Their stability analysis reveals that the 21 investigated monolayers are energetically, thermodynamically, mechanically, dynamically, and thermally stable, confirming their growth feasibility under ambient conditions. Furthermore, owing to their optimal band gap, high charge carrier mobilities, and strong light absorption, 2D Janus group-III monolayers are predicted as promising candidates for 2D excitonic solar cell applications. In fact, 46 type-II van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with a lattice mismatch of less than 5% are identified by analyzing the band alignments of the investigated monolayers obtained through the HSE + SOC approach. In particular, 7 vertical vdW heterojunctions with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) higher than 20% are predicted and might be the focus of future experimental and theoretical studies. To further confirm the type II band alignment, the Ga2STe-GaInS2 vdW heterostructure, which reveals the highest PCE of 23.69%, is thoroughly investigated. Our results not only predict and evaluate stable 2D Janus group-III chalcogenide monolayers and vdW heterostructures, but also suggest that they could be used as materials for next-generation optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bikerouin
- AMEEC team, LERMA, College of Engineering and Architecture, International University of Rabat, parc Technopolis, Rocade de Rabat-Salé, 11100, Morocco.
| | - O Chdil
- AMEEC team, LERMA, College of Engineering and Architecture, International University of Rabat, parc Technopolis, Rocade de Rabat-Salé, 11100, Morocco.
| | - M Balli
- AMEEC team, LERMA, College of Engineering and Architecture, International University of Rabat, parc Technopolis, Rocade de Rabat-Salé, 11100, Morocco.
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Batool S, Idrees M, Han ST, Roy VAL, Zhou Y. Electrical Contacts With 2D Materials: Current Developments and Future Prospects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206550. [PMID: 36587964 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Current electrical contact models are occasionally insufficient at the nanoscale owing to the wide variations in outcomes between 2D mono and multi-layered and bulk materials that result from their distinctive electrostatics and geometries. Contrarily, devices based on 2D semiconductors present a significant challenge due to the requirement for electrical contact with resistances close to the quantum limit. The next generation of low-power devices is already hindered by the lack of high-quality and low-contact-resistance contacts on 2D materials. The physics and materials science of electrical contact resistance in 2D materials-based nanoelectronics, interface configurations, charge injection mechanisms, and numerical modeling of electrical contacts, as well as the most pressing issues that need to be resolved in the field of research and development, will all be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Batool
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Additive Manufacturing Institute, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Su-Ting Han
- College of Electronics Science & Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy A L Roy
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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6
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Wan W, Guo R, Ge Y, Liu Y. Carrier and phonon transport in 2D InSe and its Janus structures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:133001. [PMID: 36634370 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acb2a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) Indium Selenide (InSe) has been receiving much attention in the scientific community due to its reduced size, extraordinary physical properties, and potential applications in various fields. In this review, we discussed the recent research advancement in the carrier and phonon transport properties of 2D InSe and its related Janus structures. We first introduced the progress in the synthesis of 2D InSe. We summarized the recent experimental and theoretical works on the carrier mobility, thermal conductivity, and thermoelectric characteristics of 2D InSe. Based on the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE), the mechanisms underlying carrier or phonon scattering of 2D InSe were discussed in detail. Moreover, the structural and transport properties of Janus structures based on InSe were also presented, with an emphasis on the theoretical simulations. At last, we discussed the prospects for continued research of 2D InSe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
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Zhao Y, Cho J, Choi M, Ó Coileáin C, Arora S, Hung KM, Chang CR, Abid M, Wu HC. Light-Tunable Polarity and Erasable Physisorption-Induced Memory Effect in Vertically Stacked InSe/SnS 2 Self-Powered Photodetector. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17347-17355. [PMID: 36153977 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals heterojunctions with tunable polarity are being actively explored for more Moore and more-than-Moore device applications, as they can greatly simplify circuit design. However, inadequate control over the multifunctional operational states is still a challenge in their development. Here, we show that a vertically stacked InSe/SnS2 van der Waals heterojunction exhibits type-II band alignment, and its polarity can be tuned by an external electric field and by the wavelength and intensity of an illuminated light source. Moreover, such SnS2/InSe diodes are self-powered broadband photodetectors with good performance. The self-powered performance can be further enhanced significantly with gas adsorption, and the device can be quickly restored to the state before gas injection using a gate voltage pulse. Our results suggest a way to achieve and design multiple functions in a single device with multifield coupling of light, electrical field, gas, or other external stimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Jiung Cho
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03579, Republic of Korea
| | - Miri Choi
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Cormac Ó Coileáin
- Institute of Physics, EIT 2, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg 85577, Germany
| | - Sunil Arora
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Kuan-Ming Hung
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Ray Chang
- Quantum information center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mohamed Abid
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Han-Chun Wu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
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8
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Bao L, Huang L, Guo H, Gao HJ. Construction and physical properties of low-dimensional structures for nanoscale electronic devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9082-9117. [PMID: 35383791 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05981e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, construction of nanoscale electronic devices with novel functionalities based on low-dimensional structures, such as single molecules and two-dimensional (2D) materials, has been rapidly developed. To investigate their intrinsic properties for versatile functionalities of nanoscale electronic devices, it is crucial to precisely control the structures and understand the physical properties of low-dimensional structures at the single atomic level. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the construction of nanoelectronic devices based on single molecules and 2D materials and the investigation of their physical properties. For single molecules, we focus on the construction of single-molecule devices, such as molecular motors and molecular switches, by precisely controlling their self-assembled structures on metal substrates and charge transport properties. For 2D materials, we emphasize their spin-related electrical transport properties for spintronic device applications and the role that interfaces among 2D semiconductors, contact electrodes, and dielectric substrates play in the electrical performance of electronic, optoelectronic, and memory devices. Finally, we discuss the future research direction in this field, where we can expect a scientific breakthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Bao
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China. .,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China. .,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
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9
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Enhancement of InSe Field-Effect-Transistor Performance against Degradation of InSe Film in Air Environment. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123311. [PMID: 34947659 PMCID: PMC8709045 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of InSe film and its impact on field effect transistors are investigated. After the exposure to atmospheric environment, 2D InSe flakes produce irreversible degradation that cannot be stopped by the passivation layer of h-BN, causing a rapid decrease for InSe FETs performance, which is attributed to the large number of traps formed by the oxidation of 2D InSe and adsorption to impurities. The residual photoresist in lithography can cause unwanted doping to the material and reduce the performance of the device. To avoid contamination, a high-performance InSe FET is achieved by a using hard shadow mask instead of the lithography process. The high-quality channel surface is manifested by the hysteresis of the transfer characteristic curve. The hysteresis of InSe FET is less than 0.1 V at Vd of 0.2, 0.5, and 1 V. And a high on/off ratio of 1.25 × 108 is achieved, as well relative high Ion of 1.98 × 10−4 A and low SS of 70.4 mV/dec at Vd = 1 V are obtained, demonstrating the potential for InSe high-performance logic device.
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Niu X, Xiao S, Sun D, Shi A, Zhou Z, Chen W, Li X, Wang J. Direct formation of interlayer exciton in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2208-2215. [PMID: 34846425 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00571e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In atomically thin two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) heterostructures, spatially separated interlayer excitons play an important role in the optoelectronic performance and show great potential for the exploration of many-body quantum phenomena. A commonly accepted formation mode for interlayer excitons is via a two-step intralayer exciton transfer mechanism, namely, photo-excited intralayer excitons are initially generated in individual sublayers, and photogenerated electrons and holes are then separated into opposite sublayers based on the type-II band alignment. Herein, we expand the concept of interlayer exciton formation and reveal that bright interlayer excitons can be generated in one step by direct interlayer photoexcitation in 2D vdW heterostructures that have strong interlayer coupling and a short photoexcitation channel. First-principles and many-body perturbation theory calculations demonstrate that indium selenide/antimonene and indium selenide/black phosphorus heterostructures are two promising systems that show an exceptionally large interlayer transition probability (>500 Debye2). This study enriches the understanding of interlayer exciton formation and provides a new avenue to acquiring strong interlayer excitons in artificial 2D vdW heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Niu
- New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province & School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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11
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Ahmad I, Shahid I, Ali A, Gao L, Cai J. Electronic, mechanical, optical and photocatalytic properties of two-dimensional Janus XGaInY (X, Y ;= S, Se and Te) monolayers. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17230-17239. [PMID: 35479691 PMCID: PMC9033172 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus monolayers with breaking out-of-plane structural symmetries and spontaneous electric polarizations offer new possibilities in the field of two-dimensional materials. Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and serious environmental problems, there has been a growing interest in the conversion of water and solar energy into H2 fuels in recent years. In this research, Janus XGaInY (X, Y = S, Se and Te) monolayers are predicted as promising solar-water-splitting photocatalysts. Based on first-principles calculations, the electronic, mechanical, optical and photocatalytic properties of Janus XGaInY (X, Y = S, Se and Te) monolayers are investigated. These Janus monolayers are structurally stable semiconductors with indirect bandgaps, except for SGaInSe, SGaInTe, TeGaInS and SeGaInTe. Their energy bandgaps extend from 0.74 to 2.66 eV at a hybrid density functional level, which is crucial for broadband photoresponses. Moreover, these Janus monolayers not only show strong light absorption coefficients greater than 104 cm−1 in the visible and ultraviolet regions but possess suitable band edge positions for water splitting. Our findings reveal that these Janus monolayers have a potential for application in the fields of optoelectronic and photocatalysis. Janus monolayers with breaking out-of-plane structural symmetries and spontaneous electric polarizations offer new possibilities in the field of two-dimensional materials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqtidar Ahmad
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 Yunnan P. R. China
| | - Ismail Shahid
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Computational Centre for Molecular Science, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Anwar Ali
- College of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University Xian 710119 Shaanxi P. R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 Yunnan P. R. China
| | - Jinming Cai
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 Yunnan P. R. China
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12
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Wang Y, Liu S, Li Q, Quhe R, Yang C, Guo Y, Zhang X, Pan Y, Li J, Zhang H, Xu L, Shi B, Tang H, Li Y, Yang J, Zhang Z, Xiao L, Pan F, Lu J. Schottky barrier heights in two-dimensional field-effect transistors: from theory to experiment. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2021; 84:056501. [PMID: 33761489 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abf1d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, two-dimensional semiconductors (2DSCs) have aroused wide interest due to their extraordinary electronic, magnetic, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties, which hold potential in electronic, optoelectronic, thermoelectric applications, and so forth. The field-effect transistor (FET), a semiconductor gated with at least three terminals, is pervasively exploited as the device geometry for these applications. For lack of effective and stable substitutional doping techniques, direct metal contact is often used in 2DSC FETs to inject carriers. A Schottky barrier (SB) generally exists in the metal-2DSC junction, which significantly affects and even dominates the performance of most 2DSC FETs. Therefore, low SB or Ohmic contact is highly preferred for approaching the intrinsic characteristics of the 2DSC channel. In this review, we systematically introduce the recent progress made in theoretical prediction of the SB height (SBH) in the 2DSC FETs and the efforts made both in theory and experiments to achieve low SB contacts. From the comparison between the theoretical and experimentally observed SBHs, the emerging first-principles quantum transport simulation turns out to be the most powerful theoretical tool to calculate the SBH of a 2DSC FET. Finally, we conclude this review from the viewpoints of state-of-the-art electrode designs for 2DSC FETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruge Quhe
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Guo
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices (BKL-MEMD), Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices (BKL-MEMD), Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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13
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Dong MM, Zhang GP, Li ZL, Wang ML, Wang CK, Fu XX. Anisotropic interfacial properties of monolayer C 2N field effect transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:28074-28085. [PMID: 33289744 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04450d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monolayer C2N is promising for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic applications due to its appropriate band gap and high carrier efficiency. However, relative studies have been held back due to the lack of high-quality electrode contacts. Here, we comprehensively study the electronic and transport properties of monolayer C2N with a series of electrode materials (Al, Ti, Ni, Cu, Ag, Pt, V2C, Cr2C and graphene) by using the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method combined with density functional theory (DFT). The monolayer C2N forms Ohmic contacts with the Ti/Cu/Ag electrode material in both armchair and zigzag directions, whereas Ohmic contact is only formed in the zigzag direction of the C2N-Al field effect transistor. However, the C2N-Ni, -Pt, -V2C, -Mo2C, -graphene contact systems form n-type Schottky contacts in either the armchair or zigzag direction owing to the relatively strong Fermi level pinning (the pinning factor S = 0.32 in the armchair direction and S = 0.26 in the zigzag direction). By insertion of BN or graphene between the C2N and Pt electrode in the armchair direction of contact systems, the Fermi level pinning can be effectively weakened due to the suppression of metal-induced gap states. Conspicuously, an Ohmic contact is realized in the C2N field effect transistors with the BN-Pt electrode, suggesting a possible approach to fabricating high-performance devices. Our study is conducive to selecting appropriate electrode materials for C2N-based field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Mi Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
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14
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Device Architecture for Visible and Near-Infrared Photodetectors Based on Two-Dimensional SnSe 2 and MoS 2: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11080750. [PMID: 32751953 PMCID: PMC7465435 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
While band gap and absorption coefficients are intrinsic properties of a material and determine its spectral range, response time is mainly controlled by the architecture of the device and electron/hole mobility. Further, 2D-layered materials such as transition metal dichalogenides (TMDCs) possess inherent and intriguing properties such as a layer-dependent band gap and are envisaged as alternative materials to replace conventional silicon (Si) and indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) infrared photodetectors. The most researched 2D material is graphene with a response time between 50 and 100 ps and a responsivity of <10 mA/W across all wavelengths. Conventional Si photodiodes have a response time of about 50 ps with maximum responsivity of about 500 mA/W at 880 nm. Although the responsivity of TMDCs can reach beyond 104 A/W, response times fall short by 3–6 orders of magnitude compared to graphene, commercial Si, and InGaAs photodiodes. Slow response times limit their application in devices requiring high frequency. Here, we highlight some of the recent developments made with visible and near-infrared photodetectors based on two dimensional SnSe2 and MoS2 materials and their performance with the main emphasis on the role played by the mobility of the constituency semiconductors to response/recovery times associated with the hetero-structures.
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15
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Shen NF, Yang XD, Wang XX, Wang GH, Wan JG. Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure of indium selenide/hexagonal boron nitride with strong interlayer coupling. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Shi Z, Cao R, Khan K, Tareen AK, Liu X, Liang W, Zhang Y, Ma C, Guo Z, Luo X, Zhang H. Two-Dimensional Tellurium: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:99. [PMID: 34138088 PMCID: PMC7770852 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the successful fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) tellurium (Te) in 2017, its fascinating properties including a thickness dependence bandgap, environmental stability, piezoelectric effect, high carrier mobility, and photoresponse among others show great potential for various applications. These include photodetectors, field-effect transistors, piezoelectric devices, modulators, and energy harvesting devices. However, as a new member of the 2D material family, much less known is about 2D Te compared to other 2D materials. Motivated by this lack of knowledge, we review the recent progress of research into 2D Te nanoflakes. Firstly, we introduce the background and motivation of this review. Then, the crystal structures and synthesis methods are presented, followed by an introduction to their physical properties and applications. Finally, the challenges and further development directions are summarized. We believe that milestone investigations of 2D Te nanoflakes will emerge soon, which will bring about great industrial revelations in 2D materials-based nanodevice commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Shi
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Cao
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Karim Khan
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ayesha Khan Tareen
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyuan Liang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhinan Guo
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Feng H, Ning Y, Shi Y, Wang X, Yang F. Manipulating Optical Absorption of Indium Selenide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:3000-3005. [PMID: 32095723 PMCID: PMC7033984 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose using periodic Au nanoparticles (NPs) in indium selenide-based optoelectronic devices to tune the optical absorption of indium selenide. Electromagnetic simulations show that optical absorption of indium selenide can be manipulated by tuning plasmonic resonance. The effect on the plasmonic resonance of the size, period of NPs, the thickness of silicon oxide, and the insulator spacer is systematically analyzed. A high absorption enhancement over the visible spectrum is achieved through systematic optimization of nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Center
of Nanoelectronics and School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Center
of Nanoelectronics and School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Huayu Feng
- Center
of Nanoelectronics and School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yafei Ning
- Center
of Nanoelectronics and School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yanpeng Shi
- Center
of Nanoelectronics and School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Engineering
Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute
of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuhua Yang
- Engineering
Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute
of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
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18
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Arora H, Jung Y, Venanzi T, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Hübner R, Schneider H, Helm M, Hone JC, Erbe A. Effective Hexagonal Boron Nitride Passivation of Few-Layered InSe and GaSe to Enhance Their Electronic and Optical Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:43480-43487. [PMID: 31651146 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Indium selenide (InSe) and gallium selenide (GaSe), members of the III-VI chalcogenide family, are emerging two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors with appealing electronic properties. However, their devices are still lagging behind because of their sensitivity to air and device fabrication processes which induce structural damage and hamper their intrinsic properties. Thus, in order to obtain high-performance and stable devices, effective passivation of these air-sensitive materials is strongly required. Here, we demonstrate a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)-based encapsulation technique, where 2D layers of InSe and GaSe are covered entirely between two layers of hBN. To fabricate devices out of fully encapsulated 2D layers, we employ the lithography-free via-contacting scheme. We find that hBN acts as an excellent encapsulant and a near-ideal substrate for InSe and GaSe by passivating them from the environment and isolating them from the charge disorder at the SiO2 surface. As a result, the encapsulated InSe devices are of high quality and ambient-stable for a long time and show an improved two-terminal mobility of 30-120 cm2 V-1 s-1 as compared to mere ∼1 cm2 V-1 s-1 for unencapsulated devices. On employing this technique to GaSe, we obtain a strong and reproducible photoresponse. In contrast to previous studies, where either good performance or long-term stability was achieved, we demonstrate a combination of both in our devices. This work thus provides a systematic study of fully encapsulated devices based on InSe and GaSe, which has not been reported until now. We believe that this technique can open ways for fundamental studies as well as toward the integration of these materials in technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Arora
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
| | - Younghun Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Columbia University , 10027 New York , New York , United States
| | - Tommaso Venanzi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , 305-0044 Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , 305-0044 Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
| | - René Hübner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
| | - Harald Schneider
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
| | - Manfred Helm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
| | - James C Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Columbia University , 10027 New York , New York , United States
| | - Artur Erbe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden , Saxony , Germany
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19
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Chen X, Huang Y, Liu J, Yuan H, Chen H. Thermoelectric Performance of Two-Dimensional AlX (X = S, Se, Te): A First-Principles-Based Transport Study. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17773-17781. [PMID: 31681883 PMCID: PMC6822128 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
By using the first-principles calculations in combination with the Boltzmann transport theory, we systematically study the thermoelectric properties of AlX (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers as indirect gap semiconductors. The unique electronic density of states, which consists of a rather sharp peak at the valence band maxima and an almost constant band at the conduction band minima, makes AlX (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers excellent thermoelectric materials. The optimized power factors at room temperature are 22.59, 62.59, and 6.79 mW m-1 K-2 under reasonable electronic concentration for AlS, AlSe, and AlTe monolayers, respectively. The figure of merit (zT) increases with temperature and the optimized zT values of 0.52, 0.59, and 0.26 at room temperature are achieved under moderate electronic concentration for AlS, AlSe, and AlTe monolayers, respectively, indicating that two-dimensional layered AlX (X = S, Se, Te) semiconductors, especially AlSe, can be potential candidate matrices for high-performance thermoelectric nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongkuan Yuan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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20
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Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure of indium selenide/antimonene: Efficient carrier separation. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Feng W, Qin F, Yu M, Gao F, Dai M, Hu Y, Wang L, Hou J, Li B, Hu P. Synthesis of Superlattice InSe Nanosheets with Enhanced Electronic and Optoelectronic Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18511-18516. [PMID: 31059223 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multilayer InSe has emerged as a promising candidate for applications in novel electronic and optoelectronic devices due to its direct bandgap, high electron mobility, and excellent photoresponse with a broad response range. Here, we report synthesis of superlattice InSe nanosheets by simple thermal annealing for the first time. The mobility is increased to 299.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 for superlattice InSe FETs and is 4 times higher than 63.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 of pristine InSe device. The superlattice InSe photodetector shows an ultrahigh responsivity of 1.7 × 104 A/W (700 nm), which is 8.5 times greater than the pristine photodetector. Superlattice InSe photodetectors hold a good photoresponse stability and rapid response time of 20 ms. The electronic and photoresponse performance improvement of superlattice InSe is attributed to higher carrier sheet density and lower contact resistance for more effective electron injection and more photogenerated carrier injection, respectively. Those results suggest that superlattice is an effective method to further improve electronic and optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional InSe devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Feng Gao
- Key Lab of Microsystem and Microstructure of Ministry of Education , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , 150080 , China
| | - Mingjin Dai
- Key Lab of Microsystem and Microstructure of Ministry of Education , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , 150080 , China
| | - Yunxia Hu
- Key Lab of Microsystem and Microstructure of Ministry of Education , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , 150080 , China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds , Geelong , Victoria 3216 , Australia
| | | | | | - PingAn Hu
- Key Lab of Microsystem and Microstructure of Ministry of Education , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , 150080 , China
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22
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Dalui A, Pandey M, Sarkar PK, Pradhan B, Vasdev A, Manik NB, Sheet G, Acharya S. Realization of Diverse Waveform Converters from a Single Nanoscale Lateral p-n Junction Cu 2S-CdS Heterostructure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:11749-11754. [PMID: 30807098 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A differentiator is an electronic component used to accomplish mathematical operations of calculus functions of differentiation for shaping different waveforms. Differentiators are used in numerous areas of electronics, including electronic analog computers, wave-shaping circuits, and frequency modulators. Conventional differentiators are fabricated using active operational amplifiers or using passive resistor-capacitor combinations. Here, we report that a single Cu2S-CdS heterostructure acts as a differentiator for performing numerical functions of input waveform conversion into different shapes. When a rectangular wave signal is applied through the tip of a conductive atomic force microscope, a spikelike wave signal is obtained from the Cu2S-CdS heterostructure. The Cu2S-CdS differentiator is able to convert a sine wave signal into a cosine wave signal and a triangular wave signal into a square wave signal similar to the classical differentiators. The finding of a nanoscale differentiator at extremely small length scales may have profound applications in different domains of electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Dalui
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Mrityunjay Pandey
- Department of Physical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli , Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Piyush Kanti Sarkar
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Bapi Pradhan
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Aastha Vasdev
- Department of Physical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli , Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Nabin Baran Manik
- Department of Physics , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Goutam Sheet
- Department of Physical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli , Mohali 140306 , India
| | - Somobrata Acharya
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
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23
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Mukhokosi EP, Roul B, Krupanidhi SB, Nanda KK. Toward a Fast and Highly Responsive SnSe 2-Based Photodiode by Exploiting the Mobility of the Counter Semiconductor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6184-6194. [PMID: 30652845 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In photodetection, the response time is mainly controlled by the device architecture and electron/hole mobility, while the absorption coefficient and the effective separation of the electrons/holes are the key parameters for high responsivity. Here, we report an approach toward the fast and highly responsive infrared photodetection using an n-type SnSe2 thin film on a p-Si(100) substrate keeping the overall performance of the device. The I- V characteristics of the device show a rectification ratio of ∼147 at ±5 V and enhanced optoelectronic properties under 1064 nm radiation. The responsivity is 0.12 A/W at 5 V, and the response/recovery time constants were estimated as ∼57 ± 25/34 ± 15 μs, respectively. Overall, the response times are shown to be controlled by the mobility of the constituent semiconductors of a photodiode. Further, our findings suggest that n-SnSe2 can be integrated with well-established Si technology with enhanced optoelectronic properties and also pave the way in the design of fast response photodetectors for other wavelengths as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma P Mukhokosi
- Materials Research Center , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Basanta Roul
- Materials Research Center , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
- Central Research Laboratory , Bharat Electronics , Bangalore 560013 , India
| | - Saluru B Krupanidhi
- Materials Research Center , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Karuna K Nanda
- Materials Research Center , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
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24
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Wang F, Gao T, Zhang Q, Hu ZY, Jin B, Li L, Zhou X, Li H, Van Tendeloo G, Zhai T. Liquid-Alloy-Assisted Growth of 2D Ternary Ga 2 In 4 S 9 toward High-Performance UV Photodetection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806306. [PMID: 30411824 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
2D ternary systems provide another degree of freedom of tuning physical properties through stoichiometry variation. However, the controllable growth of 2D ternary materials remains a huge challenge that hinders their practical applications. Here, for the first time, by using a gallium/indium liquid alloy as the precursor, the synthesis of high-quality 2D ternary Ga2 In4 S9 flakes of only a few atomic layers thick (≈2.4 nm for the thinnest samples) through chemical vapor deposition is realized. Their UV-light-sensing applications are explored systematically. Photodetectors based on the Ga2 In4 S9 flakes display outstanding UV detection ability (R λ = 111.9 A W-1 , external quantum efficiency = 3.85 × 104 %, and D* = 2.25 × 1011 Jones@360 nm) with a fast response speed (τring ≈ 40 ms and τdecay ≈ 50 ms). In addition, Ga2 In4 S9 -based phototransistors exhibit a responsivity of ≈104 A W-1 @360 nm above the critical back-gate bias of ≈0 V. The use of the liquid alloy for synthesizing ultrathin 2D Ga2 In4 S9 nanostructures may offer great opportunities for designing novel 2D optoelectronic materials to achieve optimal device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- NRC (Nanostructure Research Centre), Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Bao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Huiqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Gustaaf Van Tendeloo
- NRC (Nanostructure Research Centre), Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- EMAT (Electron Microscopy for Materials Science), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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25
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Khoa DQ, Nguyen DT, Nguyen CV, Vi VT, Phuc HV, Phuong LT, Hoi BD, Hieu NN. Modulation of electronic properties of monolayer InSe through strain and external electric field. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Abed Al- Abbas SS, Muhsin MK, Jappor HR. Tunable optical and electronic properties of gallium telluride monolayer for photovoltaic absorbers and ultraviolet detectors. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Li M, Lin CY, Yang SH, Chang YM, Chang JK, Yang FS, Zhong C, Jian WB, Lien CH, Ho CH, Liu HJ, Huang R, Li W, Lin YF, Chu J. High Mobilities in Layered InSe Transistors with Indium-Encapsulation-Induced Surface Charge Doping. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1803690. [PMID: 30589465 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tunability and stability in the electrical properties of 2D semiconductors pave the way for their practical applications in logic devices. A robust layered indium selenide (InSe) field-effect transistor (FET) with superior controlled stability is demonstrated by depositing an indium (In) doping layer. The optimized InSe FETs deliver an unprecedented high electron mobility up to 3700 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature, which can be retained with 60% after 1 month. Further insight into the evolution of the position of the Fermi level and the microscopic device structure with different In thicknesses demonstrates an enhanced electron-doping behavior at the In/InSe interface. Furthermore, the contact resistance is also improved through the In insertion between InSe and Au electrodes, which coincides with the analysis of the low-frequency noise. The carrier fluctuation is attributed to the dominance of the phonon scattering events, which agrees with the observation of the temperature-dependent mobility. Finally, the flexible functionalities of the logic-circuit applications, for instance, inverter and not-and (NAND)/not-or (NOR) gates, are determined with these surface-doping InSe FETs, which establish a paradigm for 2D-based materials to overcome the bottleneck in the development of electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Che-Yi Lin
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Electronic Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ming Chang
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kuei Chang
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Shou Yang
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chaorong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wen-Bin Jian
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsin Lien
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Electronic Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hwa Ho
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Jui Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wenwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yen-Fu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Junhao Chu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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28
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Dai M, Chen H, Feng R, Feng W, Hu Y, Yang H, Liu G, Chen X, Zhang J, Xu CY, Hu P. A Dual-Band Multilayer InSe Self-Powered Photodetector with High Performance Induced by Surface Plasmon Resonance and Asymmetric Schottky Junction. ACS NANO 2018; 12:8739-8747. [PMID: 30095888 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A dual-band self-powered photodetector (SPPD) with high sensitivity is realized by a facile combination of InSe Schottky diode and Au plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) arrays. Comparing with pristine InSe devices, InSe/Au photodetectors possess an additional capability of photodetection in visible to near-infrared (NIR) region. This intriguing phenomenon is attributed to the wavelength selective enhancement of pristine responsivities by hybridized quadrupole plasmons resonance of Au NPs. It is worth pointing out that the maximum of enhancement ratio in responsivity reaches up to ∼1200% at a wavelength of 685 nm. In addition, owing to a large Schottky barrier difference formed between active layer and two asymmetric electrodes, the responsivities of dual-band InSe/Au photodetector could reach up to 369 and 244 mA/W at the wavelength of 365 and 685 nm under zero bias voltage, respectively. This work would provide an additional opportunity for developing multifunctional photodetectors with high performance based on two-dimensional materials, upgrading their capacity of photodetection in a complex environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , P. R. China
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29
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Premasiri K, Radha SK, Sucharitakul S, Kumar UR, Sankar R, Chou FC, Chen YT, Gao XPA. Tuning Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling in Gated Multilayer InSe. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:4403-4408. [PMID: 29860844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the electron spin with the aid of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is an indispensable element of spintronics. Electrostatically gating a material with strong SOC results in an effective magnetic field which can in turn be used to govern the electron spin. In this work, we report the existence and electrostatic tunability of Rashba SOC in multilayer InSe. We observed a gate-voltage-tuned crossover from weak localization (WL) to weak antilocalization (WAL) effect in quantum transport studies of InSe, which suggests an increasing SOC strength. Quantitative analyses of magneto-transport studies and energy band diagram calculations provide strong evidence for the predominance of Rashba SOC in electrostatically gated InSe. Furthermore, we attribute the tendency of the SOC strength to saturate at high gate voltages to the increased electronic density of states-induced saturation of the electric field experienced by the electrons in the InSe layer. This explanation of nonlinear gate voltage control of Rashba SOC can be generalized to other electrostatically gated semiconductor nanomaterials in which a similar tendency of spin-orbit length saturation was observed (e.g., nanowire field effect transistors), and is thus of broad implications in spintronics. Identifying and controlling the Rashba SOC in InSe may serve pivotally in devising III-VI semiconductor-based spintronic devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasun Premasiri
- Department of Physics , Case Western Reserve University , 2076 Adelbert Road , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Santosh Kumar Radha
- Department of Physics , Case Western Reserve University , 2076 Adelbert Road , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Sukrit Sucharitakul
- Department of Physics , Case Western Reserve University , 2076 Adelbert Road , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - U Rajesh Kumar
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Raman Sankar
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
- Institute of Physics , Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529 , Taiwan
| | - Fang-Cheng Chou
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Xuan P A Gao
- Department of Physics , Case Western Reserve University , 2076 Adelbert Road , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
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30
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Wu M, Shi JJ, Zhang M, Ding YM, Wang H, Cen YL, Lu J. Enhancement of photoluminescence and hole mobility in 1- to 5-layer InSe due to the top valence-band inversion: strain effect. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11441-11451. [PMID: 29882944 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03172j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) few-layer InSe nanosheets have become one of the most interesting materials due to their excellent electron transport, wide bandgap tunability and good metal contact. However, their low photoluminescence (PL) efficiency and hole mobility seriously restrict their application in 2D InSe-based nano-devices. Here, by exerting a suitable compressive strain, a remarkable modification for the electronic structure and the optical and transport properties of 1- to 5-layer InSe has been confirmed by powerful GW-BSE calculations. Both top valence band inversion and indirect-to-direct bandgap transition are induced; the light polarization is reversed from E||c to E⊥c; and the PL intensity and hole mobility are enhanced greatly. Surprisingly, under 6% compressive strain, the light emission of monolayer InSe with E⊥c is allowed at 2.58 eV, which has never been observed previously. Meanwhile, for the 2D few-layer InSe, the PL with E⊥c polarization increases over 10 times in intensity and has a blue-shift at about 0.6-0.7 eV, and the hole mobility increases two orders of magnitude up to 103 cm2 V-1 s-1, as high as electron mobility. The strained few-layer InSe are thus a promising candidate for future 2D electronic and optoelectronic nano-devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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31
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Wu M, Shi JJ, Zhang M, Ding YM, Wang H, Cen YL, Guo WH, Pan SH, Zhu YH. Modulation of electronic and magnetic properties in InSe nanoribbons: edge effect. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:205708. [PMID: 29504514 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aab3f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quite recently, the two-dimensional (2D) InSe nanosheet has become a hot material with great promise for advanced functional nano-devices. In this work, for the first time, we perform first-principles calculations on the structural, electronic, magnetic and transport properties of 1D InSe nanoribbons with/without hydrogen or halogen saturation. We find that armchair ribbons, with various edges and distortions, are all nonmagnetic semiconductors, with a direct bandgap of 1.3 (1.4) eV for bare (H-saturated) ribbons, and have the same high electron mobility of about 103 cm2V-1s-1 as the 2D InSe nanosheet. Zigzag InSe nanoribbons exhibit metallic behavior and diverse intrinsic ferromagnetic properties, with the magnetic moment of 0.5-0.7 μ B per unit cell, especially for their single-edge spin polarization. The edge spin orientation, mainly dominated by the unpaired electrons of the edge atoms, depends sensitively on the edge chirality. Hydrogen or halogen saturation can effectively recover the structural distortion, and modulate the electronic and magnetic properties. The binding energy calculations show that the stability of InSe nanoribbons is analogous to that of graphene and better than in 2D InSe nanosheets. These InSe nanoribbons, with novel electronic and magnetic properties, are thus very promising for use in electronic, spintronic and magnetoresistive nano-devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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32
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Yang HW, Hsieh HF, Chen RS, Ho CH, Lee KY, Chao LC. Ultraefficient Ultraviolet and Visible Light Sensing and Ohmic Contacts in High-Mobility InSe Nanoflake Photodetectors Fabricated by the Focused Ion Beam Technique. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:5740-5749. [PMID: 29381044 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A photodetector using a two-dimensional (2D) low-direct band gap indium selenide (InSe) nanostructure fabricated by the focused ion beam (FIB) technique has been investigated. The FIB-fabricated InSe photodetectors with a low contact resistance exhibit record high responsivity and detectivity to the ultraviolet and visible lights. The optimal responsivity and detectivity up to 1.8 × 107 A W-1 and 1.1 × 1015 Jones, respectively, are much higher than those of the other 2D material-based photoconductors and phototransistors. Moreover, the inherent photoconductivity (PC) quantified by the value of normalized gain has also been discussed and compared. By excluding the contribution of artificial parameters, the InSe nanoflakes exhibit an ultrahigh normalized gain of 3.2 cm2 V-1, which is several orders of magnitude higher than those of MoS2, GaS, and other layer material nanostructures. A high electron mobility at room temperature reaching 450 cm2 V-1 s-1 has been confirmed to be one of the major causes of the inherent superior PC in the InSe nanoflakes. The oxygen-sensitized PC mechanism that enhances carrier lifetime and carrier collection efficiency has also been proposed. This work demonstrates the devices fabricated by the FIB technique using InSe nanostructures for highly efficient broad-band optical sensing and light harvesting, which is critical for development of the 2D material-based ultrathin flexible optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Wei Yang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology and ‡Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Feng Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology and ‡Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-San Chen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology and ‡Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hwa Ho
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology and ‡Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Yi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology and ‡Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chiun Chao
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology and ‡Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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33
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Shi B, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang X, Yan J, Liu S, Yang J, Pan Y, Zhang H, Yang J, Pan F, Lu J. n-Type Ohmic contact and p-type Schottky contact of monolayer InSe transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24641-24651. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04615h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We explore the contact properties of monolayer InSe transistors and obtain n-type Ohmic/p-type Schottky contacts.
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34
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Liu N, Zhou S, Gao N, Zhao J. Tuning Schottky barriers for monolayer GaSe FETs by exploiting a weak Fermi level pinning effect. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:21732-21738. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03740j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monolayer gallium selenide (GaSe), an emerging two-dimensional semiconductor, holds great promise for electronics and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanshu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Si Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Nan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
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35
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Ding YM, Shi JJ, Xia C, Zhang M, Du J, Huang P, Wu M, Wang H, Cen YL, Pan SH. Enhancement of hole mobility in InSe monolayer via an InSe and black phosphorus heterostructure. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:14682-14689. [PMID: 28944803 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02725g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the low hole mobility (∼40 cm2 V-1 s-1) of InSe monolayer, a novel two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructure made of InSe and black phosphorus (BP) monolayers with high hole mobility (∼103 cm2 V-1 s-1) has been constructed and its structural and electronic properties are investigated using first-principles calculations. We find that the InSe/BP heterostructure exhibits a direct band gap of 1.39 eV and type-II band alignment with electrons (holes) located in the InSe (BP) layer. The band offsets of InSe and BP are 0.78 eV for the conduction band minimum and 0.86 eV for the valence band maximum, respectively. Surprisingly, the hole mobility in the InSe/BP heterostructure exceeds 104 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is one order of magnitude larger than the hole mobility of BP and three orders larger than that of the InSe monolayer. The electron mobility is also increased to 3 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1. The physical reason has been analyzed deeply, and a universal method is proposed to improve the carrier mobility of 2D materials by forming heterostructures with them and other 2D materials with complementary properties. The InSe/BP heterostructure can thus be widely used in nanoscale InSe-based field-effect transistors, photodetectors and photovoltaic devices due to its type-II band alignment and high carrier mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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36
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Koskinen K, Slablab A, Divya S, Czaplicki R, Chervinskii S, Kailasnath M, Radhakrishnan P, Kauranen M. Bulk second-harmonic generation from thermally evaporated indium selenide thin films. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1076-1079. [PMID: 28295096 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate bulk second-order nonlinear optical properties of amorphous indium selenide thin films fabricated by thermal evaporation. Such films are shown to exhibit strong and photostable second-harmonic generation (SHG). We report strong thickness dependence of the second-harmonic signals as characterized by the Maker-fringe method. The absolute value of the nonlinear susceptibility tensor of the film is addressed by analyzing the interference of SHG signals from the film and the glass substrate. The value of the joint non-diagonal component of the susceptibility is found to be 4 pm/V, which is comparable to that of widely used second-order nonlinear materials.
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37
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Huang W, Gan L, Li H, Ma Y, Zhai T. 2D layered group IIIA metal chalcogenides: synthesis, properties and applications in electronics and optoelectronics. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01986a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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38
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Zhou X, Gan L, Tian W, Zhang Q, Jin S, Li H, Bando Y, Golberg D, Zhai T. Ultrathin SnSe2 Flakes Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition for High-Performance Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:8035-41. [PMID: 26541236 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
High-quality ultrathin single-crystalline SnSe2 flakes are synthesized under atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition for the first time. A high-performance photodetector based on the individual SnSe2 flake demonstrates a high photoresponsivity of 1.1 × 10(3) A W(-1), a high EQE of 2.61 × 10(5)%, and superb detectivity of 1.01 × 10(10) Jones, combined with fast rise and decay times of 14.5 and 8.1 ms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wenming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shengye Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Huiqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yoshio Bando
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Dmitri Golberg
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
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39
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Mudd GW, Svatek SA, Hague L, Makarovsky O, Kudrynskyi ZR, Mellor CJ, Beton PH, Eaves L, Novoselov KS, Kovalyuk ZD, Vdovin EE, Marsden AJ, Wilson NR, Patanè A. High broad-band photoresponsivity of mechanically formed InSe-graphene van der Waals heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3760-6. [PMID: 25981798 PMCID: PMC4768130 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
High broad-band photoresponsivity of mechanically formed InSe-graphene van der Waals heterostructures is achieved by exploiting the broad-band transparency of graphene, the direct bandgap of InSe, and the favorable band line up of InSe with graphene. The photoresponsivity exceeds that for other van der Waals heterostructures and the spectral response extends from the near-infrared to the visible spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry W Mudd
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Simon A Svatek
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lee Hague
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Oleg Makarovsky
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Zakhar R Kudrynskyi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christopher J Mellor
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Peter H Beton
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Laurence Eaves
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Zakhar D Kovalyuk
- Institute for Problems of Materials Science, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chernivtsi, 58001, Ukraine
| | - Evgeny E Vdovin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology RAS, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Alex J Marsden
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Neil R Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Amalia Patanè
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Wei D, Yao L, Yang S, Hu J, Cao M, Hu C. Facile fabrication of InSe nanosheets: towards efficient visible-light-driven H2 production by coupling with P25. Inorg Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00075k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
InSe nanosheets and their coupling with P25 have been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal–calcining process, and they were for the first time used for visible light photocatalytic H2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Lihua Yao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Song Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Jufang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Minhua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Changwen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Institute of Technology
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