1
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Spagnoli E, Valt M, Gaiardo A, Fabbri B, Guidi V. Insights into the Sensing Mechanism of a Metal-Oxide Solid Solution via Operando Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2708. [PMID: 37836348 PMCID: PMC10574316 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the influence of Nb addition in the oxide solid solution of Sn and Ti was investigated with regard to the morphological, structural and electrical properties for the production of chemoresistive gas sensors. (Sn,Ti,Nb)xO2-based sensors showed promising features for ethanol monitoring in commercial or industrial settings characterized by frequent variation in relative humidity. Indeed, the three-metal solid solution highlighted a higher response level vs. ethanol than the most widely used SnO2 and a remarkably low effect of relative humidity on the film resistance. Nevertheless, lack of knowledge still persists on the mechanisms of gas reaction occurring at the surface of these nanostructures. In this work, operando Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform spectroscopy was used on SnO2- and on (Sn,Ti,Nb)xO2-based sensors to combine the investigations on the transduction function, i.e., the read-out of the device activity, with the investigations on the receptor function, i.e., compositional characterization of the active sensing element in real time and under operating conditions. The sensors performance was explained by probing the interaction of H2O and ethanol molecules with the material surface sites. This information is fundamental for fine-tuning of material characteristics for any specific gas sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Spagnoli
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Matteo Valt
- MNF-Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Gaiardo
- MNF-Micro Nano Facility, Sensors and Devices Center, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Barbara Fabbri
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Guidi
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1/C, 44122 Ferrara, Italy;
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2
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Abstract
Abstract
In the last decade, there was observed a growing demand for both n-butanol as a potential fuel or fuel additive, and propylene as the only raw material for production of alcohol and other more bulky propylene chemical derivatives with faster growing outputs (polymers, propylene oxide, and acrylic acid). The predictable oilfield depletion and the European Green Deal adoption stimulated interest in alternative processes for n-butanol production, especially those involving bio-based materials. Their commercialization will promote additional market penetration of n-butanol for its application as a basic chemical. We analyze briefly the current status of two most advanced bio-based processes, i.e. ethanol–to-n-butanol and acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. In the second part of the review, studies of n-butanol and ABE conversion to valuable products are considered with an emphasis on the most perspective catalytic systems and variants of the future processes realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Pinaeva
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Alexandr Noskov
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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3
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Gu F, Wang Y, Han D, Wang Z. Effects of ZnO crystal facet on the ethanol detection by the Au/ZnO sensors. TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2021.100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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4
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Abstract
Due to its excellent oxygen storage capacity, ceria is a well-known oxidation catalyst. However, its performance in the oxidation of volatile organic compounds can be improved by the introduction of gold. Depending on the type of VOC to be oxidized, the surface of gold nanoparticles and the gold/ceria interface may contribute to enhanced activity and/or selectivity. Choosing a proper preparation method is crucial to obtain optimal gold particle size. Deposition–precipitation was found to be more suitable than coprecipitation or impregnation. For industrial applications, monolithic catalysts are needed to minimize the pressure drop in the reactor and reduce mass and heat transfer limitations. In addition to the approach used with powder catalysts, the method employed to introduce gold in/on the washcoat has to be considered.
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5
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Complexities of Capturing Light for Enhancing Thermal Catalysis. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03669-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Modelling of a microreactor for the partial oxidation of 1-butanol on a titania supported gold catalyst. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Reichenberger S, Marzun G, Muhler M, Barcikowski S. Perspective of Surfactant‐Free Colloidal Nanoparticles in Heterogeneous Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Reichenberger
- University of Duisburg-EssenTechnical Chemistry I Universitätsstrasse 7 Essen 45141 Germany
| | - Galina Marzun
- University of Duisburg-EssenTechnical Chemistry I Universitätsstrasse 7 Essen 45141 Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Ruhr-University BochumDepartment for Technical Chemistry Universitätsstraße 150 Bochum 44801 Germany
| | - Stephan Barcikowski
- University of Duisburg-EssenTechnical Chemistry I Universitätsstrasse 7 Essen 45141 Germany
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8
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Gaálová J, Topka P, Kaluža L, Soukup K, Barbier J. Effect of gold loading on ceria-zirconia support in total oxidation of VOCs. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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9
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Wang C, Zhang K, Xu H, Du Y, Goh MC. Anchoring gold nanoparticles on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanonet as three-dimensional electrocatalysts toward ethanol and 2-propanol oxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 541:258-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Fusco Z, Rahmani M, Bo R, Verre R, Motta N, Käll M, Neshev D, Tricoli A. Nanostructured Dielectric Fractals on Resonant Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Selective and Sensitive Optical Sensing of Volatile Compounds. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800931. [PMID: 29862583 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the understanding and fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures have led to a plethora of unprecedented optoelectronic and optochemical applications. Plasmon resonance has found widespread use in efficient optical transducers of refractive index changes in liquids. However, it has proven challenging to translate these achievements to the selective detection of gases, which typically adsorb non-specifically and induce refractive index changes below the detection limit. Here, it's shown that integration of tailored fractals of dielectric TiO2 nanoparticles on a plasmonic metasurface strongly enhances the interaction between the plasmonic field and volatile organic molecules and provides a means for their selective detection. Notably, this superior optical response is due to the enhancement of the interaction between the dielectric fractals and the plasmonic metasurface for thickness of up to 1.8 μm, much higher than the evanescent plasmonic near-field (≈30 nm) . Optimal dielectric-plasmonic structures allow measurements of changes in the refractive index of the gas mixture down to <8 × 10-6 at room temperature and selective identification of three exemplary volatile organic compounds. These findings provide a basis for the development of a novel family of dielectric-plasmonic materials with application extending from light harvesting and photocatalysts to contactless sensors for noninvasive medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelio Fusco
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Renheng Bo
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ruggero Verre
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nunzio Motta
- Institute for Future Environments and School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dragomir Neshev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Antonio Tricoli
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
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11
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Pougin A, Dodekatos G, Dilla M, Tüysüz H, Strunk J. Au@TiO2
Core-Shell Composites for the Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2. Chemistry 2018; 24:12416-12425. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pougin
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry; Ruhr-University Bochum; 44780 Bochum Germany
- Present address: Evonik Industries; Paul-Baumann-Str. 1 45772 Marl Germany
| | | | - Martin Dilla
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Harun Tüysüz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Jennifer Strunk
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT) at the University of Rostock; 18059 Rostock Germany
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12
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Tan TH, Wong RJ, Scott J, Ng YH, Taylor RA, Aguey-Zinsou KF, Amal R. Multipronged Validation of Oxalate C–C Bond Cleavage Driven by Au-TiO2 Interfacial Charge Transfer Using Operando DRIFTS. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tze Hao Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Roong Jien Wong
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jason Scott
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Robert A. Taylor
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kondo-Francois Aguey-Zinsou
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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13
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Morales MV, Asedegbega-Nieto E, Castillejos-López E, Bachiller-Baeza B, Guerrero-Ruiz A. Difference in the deactivation of Au catalysts during ethanol transformation when supported on ZnO and on TiO 2. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7473-7485. [PMID: 35539147 PMCID: PMC9078420 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Au nanoparticles of different sizes were supported by the deposition-precipitation method on two metal oxides: ZnO and TiO2. The resulting catalysts were tested in the ethanol catalytic transformation reaction. Both metal oxide support materials exerted a different influence on the achieved Au particle size as well as on the behavior of the subsequent catalyst, with regard to their initial conversion values, product distribution and stability. While TiO2 favors the formation of smaller nanoparticles, ZnO offers larger Au particle sizes when prepared under similar conditions. At the same time, TiO2 produced catalysts which displayed higher initial conversions in comparison with AuZnO catalysts, even when observing catalysts of each series with similar particle sizes. At the same time, catalysts supported on ZnO exhibited higher resistance to deactivation caused by coke formation. These results were evidenced employing different characterization techniques on both used and fresh catalyst samples. The decline in deactivation was generally accompanied by an increase in the carbon content on the catalyst's surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Morales
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, UNED Madrid Spain
| | - E Asedegbega-Nieto
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, UNED Madrid Spain
| | - E Castillejos-López
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, UNED Madrid Spain
| | | | - A Guerrero-Ruiz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, UNED Madrid Spain
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14
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Pougin A, Lüken A, Klinkhammer C, Hiltrop D, Kauer M, Tölle K, Havenith-Newen M, Morgenstern K, Grünert W, Muhler M, Strunk J. Probing Oxide Reduction and Phase Transformations at the Au-TiO2 Interface by Vibrational Spectroscopy. Top Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Tan TH, Scott JA, Ng YH, Taylor RA, Aguey-Zinsou KF, Amal R. Plasmon enhanced selective electronic pathways in TiO2 supported atomically ordered bimetallic Au-Cu alloys. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Hiltrop D, Masa J, Botz AJR, Lindner A, Schuhmann W, Muhler M. Micrometer-Precise Determination of the Thin Electrolyte Layer of a Spectroelectrochemical Cell by Microelectrode Approach Curves. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4367-4372. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Hiltrop
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, ‡Analytical Chemistry - Center for
Electrochemical Sciences (CES), §Mechanical Workshop of the Faculty of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.
150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Justus Masa
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, ‡Analytical Chemistry - Center for
Electrochemical Sciences (CES), §Mechanical Workshop of the Faculty of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.
150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander J. R. Botz
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, ‡Analytical Chemistry - Center for
Electrochemical Sciences (CES), §Mechanical Workshop of the Faculty of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.
150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Armin Lindner
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, ‡Analytical Chemistry - Center for
Electrochemical Sciences (CES), §Mechanical Workshop of the Faculty of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.
150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, ‡Analytical Chemistry - Center for
Electrochemical Sciences (CES), §Mechanical Workshop of the Faculty of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.
150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, ‡Analytical Chemistry - Center for
Electrochemical Sciences (CES), §Mechanical Workshop of the Faculty of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.
150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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17
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Optimization of Au0–Cu+ synergy in Au/MgCuCr2O4 catalysts for aerobic oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Bashir S, Idriss H. Mechanistic study of the role of Au, Pd and Au–Pd in the surface reactions of ethanol over TiO2 in the dark and under photo-excitation. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In situ infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and catalytic reactions are employed to explore the photo-oxidation and photo-reforming of ethanol over TiO2 and M/TiO2 (M = Au, Pd and Au–Pd) catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Bashir
- SABIC Corporate Research and Development (CRD) Center at KAUST
- Thuwal
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Idriss
- SABIC Corporate Research and Development (CRD) Center at KAUST
- Thuwal
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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19
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Tan TH, Scott J, Ng YH, Taylor RA, Aguey-Zinsou KF, Amal R. C–C Cleavage by Au/TiO2 during Ethanol Oxidation: Understanding Bandgap Photoexcitation and Plasmonically Mediated Charge Transfer via Quantitative in Situ DRIFTS. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tze Hao Tan
- School of Chemical
Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jason Scott
- School of Chemical
Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Chemical
Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Robert A. Taylor
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing
Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kondo-Francois Aguey-Zinsou
- School of Chemical
Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical
Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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20
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Otto T, Zones SI, Iglesia E. Challenges and strategies in the encapsulation and stabilization of monodisperse Au clusters within zeolites. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Tan TH, Scott J, Ng YH, Taylor RA, Aguey-Zinsou KF, Amal R. Understanding Plasmon and Band Gap Photoexcitation Effects on the Thermal-Catalytic Oxidation of Ethanol by TiO2-Supported Gold. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tze Hao Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and ‡School
of Mechanical
and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jason Scott
- School of Chemical Engineering and ‡School
of Mechanical
and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Chemical Engineering and ‡School
of Mechanical
and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Robert A. Taylor
- School of Chemical Engineering and ‡School
of Mechanical
and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kondo-Francois Aguey-Zinsou
- School of Chemical Engineering and ‡School
of Mechanical
and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering and ‡School
of Mechanical
and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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22
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Liu P, Zhu X, Yang S, Li T, Hensen EJ. On the metal–support synergy for selective gas-phase ethanol oxidation over MgCuCr 2 O 4 supported metal nanoparticle catalysts. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Dong W, Reichenberger S, Chu S, Weide P, Ruland H, Barcikowski S, Wagener P, Muhler M. The effect of the Au loading on the liquid-phase aerobic oxidation of ethanol over Au/TiO2 catalysts prepared by pulsed laser ablation. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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