Enhancement of CO2 Reforming of CH4 Reaction Using Ni,Pd,Pt/Mg1−xCex4+O and Ni/Mg1−xCex4+O Catalysts

Catalysts Ni/Mg1−xCex4+O and Ni,Pd,Pt/Mg1−xCex4+O were developed using the co-precipitation–impregnation methods. Catalyst characterization took place using XRD, H2-TPR, XRF, XPS, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), TGA TEM, and FE-SEM. Testing the catalysts for the dry reforming of CH4 took place at temperatures of 700–900 °C. Findings from this study revealed a higher CH4 and CO2 conversion using the tri-metallic Ni,Pd,Pt/Mg1−xCex4+O catalyst in comparison with Ni monometallic systems in the whole temperature ranges. The catalyst Ni,Pd,Pt/Mg0.85Ce4+0.15O also reported an elevated activity level (CH4; 78%, and CO2; 90%) and an outstanding stability. Carbon deposition on spent catalysts was analyzed using TEM and Temperature programmed oxidation-mass spectroscopy (TPO-MS) following 200 h under an oxygen stream. The TEM and TPO-MS analysis results indicated a better anti-coking activity of the reduced catalyst along with a minimal concentration of platinum and palladium metals.

Calcium-looping reforming of methane realizes in situ CO2 utilization with improved energy efficiency

Closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle is one important strategy to combat climate change, and requires the chemistry to effectively combine CO₂ capture with its conversion. Here, we propose a novel in situ CO₂ utilization concept, calcium-looping reforming of methane, to realize the capture and conversion of CO₂ in one integrated chemical process. This process couples the calcium-looping CO₂ capture and the CH₄ dry reforming reactions in the CaO-Ni bifunctional sorbent-catalyst, where the CO₂ captured by CaO is reduced in situ by CH₄ to CO, a reaction catalyzed by catalyzed by the adjacent metallic Ni. The process coupling scheme exhibits excellent decarbonation kinetics by exploiting Le Chatelier's principle to shift reaction equilibrium through continuous conversion of CO₂, and results in an energy consumption 22% lower than that of conventional CH₄ dry reforming for CO₂ utilization. The proposed CO₂ utilization concept offers a promising option to recycle carbon directly at large CO₂ stationary sources in an energy-efficient manner.

Mesoporous Ni/Ce1−xNixO2−y heterostructure as an efficient catalyst for converting greenhouse gas to H2 and syngas

A heterostructure of highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles in pore channels of Ni–CeO₂ solid solution, having excellent thermo-stability, redox properties, and metal/support synergy, is identified as an efficient nanocatalyst for converting greenhouse gas into H₂ energy and syngas.

Investigation of Ce(iii) promoter effects on the tri-metallic Pt, Pd, Ni/MgO catalyst in dry-reforming of methane

The DRM reaction on the Pt, Pd, Ni/Mg_1−XCeXO catalyst was studied where the methane molecule was activated on the Ni metal to produce hydrogen gas. The role of the other metals like Pt and Pd impregnated on the surface of the catalyst was shown.