1
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Wang B, Lu Y. Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:155. [PMID: 38499833 PMCID: PMC10948734 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical work. During the last 60 years, designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense research. Effective progress has been made, attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry, biology and nanotechnology, and informatics. However, individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single functionality. In order to address these problems, collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new paradigm. In this review, we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular machines. In particular, collective behavior is divided into two paradigms. One is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional materials. The other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale operations. We discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and properties. Subsequently, in order to address existing challenges, the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented, offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Moulin E, Carmona-Vargas CC, Giuseppone N. Daisy chain architectures: from discrete molecular entities to polymer materials. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7333-7358. [PMID: 37850236 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00619k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Daisy chain architectures, made by the self-complementary threading of an axle covalently linked to a macrocycle, represent a particularly intriguing family of supramolecular and mechanically interlocked (macro)molecules. In this review, we discuss their recent history, their modular chemical structures, and the various synthetic strategies to access them. We also detail how their internal sliding motions can be controlled and how their integration within polymers can amplify that motions up to the macroscopic scale. This overview of the literature demonstrates that the peculiar structure and dynamics of daisy chains have already strongly influenced the research on artificial molecular machines, with the potential to be implemented from nanometric switchable devices to mechanically active soft-matter materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christian C Carmona-Vargas
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
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3
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Chau AKH, Leung FKC. Exploration of molecular machines in supramolecular soft robotic systems. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102892. [PMID: 37084547 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Soft robotic system, a new era of material science, is rapidly developing with advanced processing technology in soft matters, featured with biomimetic nature. An important bottom-up approach is through the implementation of molecular machines into polymeric materials, however, the synchronized molecular motions, acumination of strain across multiple length-scales, and amplification into macroscopic actuations remained highly challenging. This review presents the significances, key design strategies, and outlook of the hierarchical supramolecular systems of molecular machines to develop novel types of supramolecular-based soft robotic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anson Kwok-Hei Chau
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Franco King-Chi Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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4
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Kato K, Fa S, Ohtani S, Shi TH, Brouwer AM, Ogoshi T. Noncovalently bound and mechanically interlocked systems using pillar[ n]arenes. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3648-3687. [PMID: 35445234 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00169a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pillar[n]arenes are pillar-shaped macrocyclic compounds owing to the methylene bridges linking the para-positions of the units. Owing to their unique pillar-shaped structures, these compounds exhibit various excellent properties compared with other cyclic host molecules, such as versatile functionality using various organic synthesis techniques, substituent-dependent solubility, cavity-size-dependent host-guest properties in organic media, and unit rotation along with planar chiral inversion. These advantages have enabled the high-yield synthesis and rational design of pillar[n]arene-based mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs). In particular, new types of pillar[n]arene-based MIMs that can dynamically convert between interlocked and unlocked states through unit rotation have been produced. The highly symmetrical pillar-shaped structures of pillar[n]arenes result in simple NMR spectra, which are useful for studying the motion of pillar[n]arene wheels in MIMs and creating sophisticated MIMs with higher-order structures. The creation and application of polymeric MIMs based on pillar[n]arenes is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Shixin Fa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Ohtani
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Tan-Hao Shi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tomoki Ogoshi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan. .,WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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5
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Liu C, Zhou L, Cao S, Zhang H, Han J, Liu Z. Supramolecular systems prepared using terpyridine-containing pillararene. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01397a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent progresses about the preparation of terpyridine-containing pillararene, as well as the utilization of those building blocks for making external stimulud-responsive supramolecular systems were summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Le Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Shuai Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Jie Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Energy), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhaona Liu
- Medical School, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an 710125, Shaanxi, China
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6
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Saura-Sanmartin A, Pastor A, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J. Maximizing the [ c2]daisy chain to lasso ratio through competitive self-templating clipping reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:290-293. [PMID: 34881747 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05942d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Self-templating two-component coupling reactions allowed the isolation of two threaded products with different molecular sizes: a lasso-type [1]rotaxane and a [c2]daisy chain rotaxane. Their distribution in the final reaction mixture varies as a factor of the concentration of the reactants. Through this methodology we obtained a large 84-membered cyclic multistation [2]rotaxane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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7
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Chu CW, Stares DL, Schalley CA. Light-controlled interconversion between a [ c2]daisy chain and a lasso-type pseudo[1]rotaxane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12317-12320. [PMID: 34734947 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04419b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A light-responsive self-complementary crown ether/ammonium conjugate bearing an arylazopyrazole photoswitch as a spacer can be switched between a [c2]daisy chain (E-isomer) and a lasso-type pseudo[1]rotaxane (Z-isomer) by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Chu
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Daniel L Stares
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, Berlin 14195, Germany.
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8
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Gauthier M, Waelès P, Coutrot F. Post-Synthetic Macrocyclization of Rotaxane Building Blocks. Chempluschem 2021; 87:e202100458. [PMID: 34811956 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although not often encountered, cyclic interlocked molecules are appealing molecular targets because of their restrained tridimensional structure which is related to both the cyclic and interlocked shapes. Interlocked molecules such as rotaxane building blocks may be good candidates for post-synthetic intramolecular cyclization if the preservation of the mechanical bond ensures the interlocked architecture throughout the reaction. This is obviously the case if the modification does not involve the cleavage of either the macrocycle's main chain or the encircled part of the axle. However, among the post-synthetic reactions, the chemical linkage between two reactive sites belonging to embedded elements of rotaxanes still consists of an underexploited route to interlocked cyclic molecules. This Review lists the rare examples of macrocyclization through chemical connection between reactive sites belonging to a surrounding macrocycle and/or an encircled axle of interlocked rotaxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gauthier
- Supramolecular Machines and Architectures Team, IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Philip Waelès
- Supramolecular Machines and Architectures Team, IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Coutrot
- Supramolecular Machines and Architectures Team, IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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9
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Tsuda S, Komai Y, Fujiwara SI, Nishiyama Y. Cyclodextrin-Based [c2]Daisy Chain Rotaxane Insulating Two Diarylacetylene Cores. Chemistry 2021; 27:1966-1969. [PMID: 33089897 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A [c2]daisy chain rotaxane with two diarylacetylene cores was efficiently synthesized in 53 % yield by capping a C2 -symmetric pseudo[2]rotaxane composed of two diarylacetylene-substituted permethylated α-cyclodextrins (PM α-CDs) with aniline stoppers. The maximum absorption wavelength of the [c2]daisy chain rotaxane remained almost unchanged in various solvents, unlike that of the stoppered monomer, indicating that the two independent diarylacetylene cores were insulated from the external environment by the PM α-CDs. Furthermore, the [c2]daisy chain rotaxane exhibited fluorescence emission derived from both diarylacetylene monomers and the excimer, which implies that the [c2]daisy chain structure can undergo contraction and extension. This is the first demonstration of a system in which excimer formation between two π-conjugated molecules within an isolated space can be controlled by the unique motion of a [c2]daisy chain rotaxane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Tsuda
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, 5731121, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Komai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, 5648680, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, 5731121, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nishiyama
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, 5648680, Japan
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10
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Zhang H, Liu Z, Xin F, Zhao Y. Metal-ligated pillararene materials: From chemosensors to multidimensional self-assembled architectures. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Zhu K, Loeb SJ. A hydrogen-bonded polymer constructed from mechanically interlocked, suit[1]ane monomers. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A T-shaped 2,4,7-substituted benzimidazolium “axle” with two ester functionalities and a 24-membered crown ether “wheel” with appendages containing terminal olefin groups were threaded — axle through wheel — to form a [2]pseudorotaxane. Grubbs’ ring-closing metathesis (RCM) was then used to form a third loop and create a bicyclic cage that fully encapsulates the axle and permanently interlocks the two molecular components creating a suit[1]ane. There are no bulky groups on the axle to prevent unthreading, but the axle is trapped due to the cage-like nature of the newly created polyether host. After hydrolysis of the esters groups to carboxylic acids, this novel mechanically interlocked molecule (MIM) polymerizes in the solid state. The structure of the resulting supramolecular polymer was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and contains linear one-dimensional tapes of suit[1]ane monomers linked by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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12
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Moulin E, Faour L, Carmona‐Vargas CC, Giuseppone N. From Molecular Machines to Stimuli‐Responsive Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906036. [PMID: 31833132 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
| | - Lara Faour
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
| | - Christian C. Carmona‐Vargas
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
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13
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Mariani G, Colard-Itté JR, Moulin E, Giuseppone N, Buhler E. Structural properties of contractile gels based on light-driven molecular motors: a small-angle neutron and X-ray study. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4008-4023. [PMID: 32267287 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The detailed structure of active polymer gels built by integrating light-driven rotary molecular motors as reticulation units in polymer networks is discussed as a function of gel composition. Upon light-irradiation, the collective rotation of molecular motors is translated into the macroscopic contraction of the gels through polymer chains twisting. The major role of the characteristic ratio c/c* (c* being the overlap concentration of the polymer-motor conjugates before crosslinking) on the contraction efficiency is exploited. Combined small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering experiments reveal the importance of heterogeneities in the macroscopic contraction process: the mesh size of the network increases under irradiation in the whole range of c/c*, an increase that is maximal for c/c* = 1; i.e. at higher contraction efficiency. Furthermore, the mesh size of the network reaches equilibrium within a short period of time, while the heterogeneities increase in size untill the end of the contraction process. Finally, the significant motorized twisting of polymer chains within the network allows to foresee the design of new storage energy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes Laboratory (MSC), UMR CNRS 7057, Université de Paris, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
| | - Jean-Rémy Colard-Itté
- Institut Charles Sadron, UPR CNRS 22, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
| | - Emilie Moulin
- Institut Charles Sadron, UPR CNRS 22, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- Institut Charles Sadron, UPR CNRS 22, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
| | - Eric Buhler
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes Laboratory (MSC), UMR CNRS 7057, Université de Paris, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
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14
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Li WJ, Wang W, Wang XQ, Li M, Ke Y, Yao R, Wen J, Yin GQ, Jiang B, Li X, Yin P, Yang HB. Daisy Chain Dendrimers: Integrated Mechanically Interlocked Molecules with Stimuli-Induced Dimension Modulation Feature. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8473-8482. [PMID: 32302108 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The precise construction of the high-order mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) with well-defined topological arrangements of multiple mechanically interlocked units has been a great challenge. Herein, we present the first successful preparation of a new family of daisy chain dendrimers, in which the individual [c2]daisy chain rotaxane units serve as the branches of dendrimer skeleton. In particular, the third-generation daisy chain dendrimer with 21 [c2]daisy chain rotaxane moieties was realized, which might be among the most complicated discrete high-order MIMs comprised of multiple [c2]daisy chain rotaxane units. Interestingly, such unique topological arrangements of multiple stimuli-responsive [c2]daisy chain rotaxanes endowed the resultant daisy chain dendrimers controllable and reversible nanoscale dimension modulation through the collective and amplified extension/contraction of each [c2]daisy chain rotaxane branch upon the addition of acetate anions or DMSO molecules as external stimulus. Furthermore, on the basis of such an intriguing size switching feature of daisy chain dendrimers, dynamic composite polymer films were constructed through the incorporation of daisy chain dendrimers into polymer films, which could undergo fast, reversible, and controllable shape transformations when DMSO molecules were employed as stimulus. The successful merging of [c2]daisy chain rotaxanes and dendrimers described herein provides not only a brand-new type of high-order mechanically interlocked systems with well-defined topological arrangements of [c2]daisy chain rotaxanes, but also a successful and practical approach toward the construction of supramolecular dynamic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu Li
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Ke
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Rui Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wen
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Vienna, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, Vienna A-1090, Austria.,State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Bo Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Panchao Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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15
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Li Z, Li Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Song B, Li X, Lu S, Hao XQ, Hla SW, Tu Y, Li X. Synthesis of Metallopolymers and Direct Visualization of the Single Polymer Chain. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6196-6205. [PMID: 32150680 PMCID: PMC7375330 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During the past few decades, the study of the single polymer chain has attracted considerable attention with the goal of exploring the structure-property relationship of polymers. It still, however, remains challenging due to the variability and low atomic resolution of the amorphous single polymer chain. Here, we demonstrated a new strategy to visualize the single metallopolymer chain with a hexameric or trimeric supramolecule as a repeat unit, in which Ru(II) with strong coordination and Fe(II) with weak coordination were combined together in a stepwise manner. With the help of ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (UHV-LT-STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), we were able to directly visualize both Ru(II) and Fe(II), which act as staining reagents on the repeat units, thus providing detailed structural information for the single polymer chain. As such, the direct visualization of the single random polymer chain is realized to enhance the characterization of polymers at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Saw-Wai Hla
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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16
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Wong KKG, Hoyas Pérez N, White AJP, Lewis JEM. Self-assembly of a porous metallo-[5]rotaxane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10453-10456. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04780e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A dynamic rotaxane ligand self-assembles with palladium(ii) ions to form a metallo-[5]rotaxane with a porous cage at its core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kei Gwan Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - Nadia Hoyas Pérez
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - James E. M. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry
- Imperial College London
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
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17
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Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
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18
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Randone L, Onagi H, Lincoln SF, Easton CJ. Direct Synthesis of an Oligomeric Series of Interlocked, Cyclodextrin‐Based [
c
2]Daisy Chains. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Randone
- Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Hideki Onagi
- Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Stephen F. Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 SA Australia
| | - Christopher J. Easton
- Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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19
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Zhang Z, Sun K, Li S, Yu G. A pillar[5]arene-based molecular grapple of hexafluorophosphate. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Bistable [ c2]daisy chain rotaxanes represent a particularly intriguing class of interlocked molecules that can produce internal sliding movements with a net contraction or extension at the single-molecule level. These nanometric motions show some analogies with the sliding motions of actin and myosin filaments in sarcomeres, and this is why [ c2]daisy chain rotaxanes have been also named as “molecular muscles,” as their first synthesis in 2000. In this minireview, the authors discuss the recent history of these molecules, their modular chemical structures, and the various synthetic pathways described in the literature to access them. The authors also detail how their internal motions can be controlled and characterized by a number of chemical and physical tools. The authors finally show that their integration within polymers and materials can give access to synchronized motions and amplifications up to the macroscopic scale. Overall, the numerous examples that have been described in the literature to date demonstrate that this family of molecules has already strongly influenced the entire field of research on artificial molecular machines, and has the potential to be implemented as actuators working at all scales, from nanometric-switchable devices to mechanically active soft matter materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Antoine
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg BP 84047
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg BP 84047
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg BP 84047
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg BP 84047
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21
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Colard-Itté JR, Li Q, Collin D, Mariani G, Fuks G, Moulin E, Buhler E, Giuseppone N. Mechanical behaviour of contractile gels based on light-driven molecular motors. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5197-5202. [PMID: 30859173 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00950g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The networking of individual artificial molecular motors into collective actuation systems is a promising approach for the design of active materials working out of thermodynamic equilibrium. Here, we report the first mechanical studies on active polymer gels built by integrating light-driven rotary molecular motors as reticulation units in polymer networks. We correlate the volume ratio before and after light irradiation with the change of the elastic modulus, and we reveal the universal maximum mechanical efficiency of such gels related to their critical overlap concentration before chemical reticulation. We also show the major importance of heterogeneities in the macroscopic contraction process and we confirm that these materials can increase their internal energy by the motorized winding of their polymer chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Rémy Colard-Itté
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
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22
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Wolf A, Cid JJ, Moulin E, Niess F, Du G, Goujon A, Busseron E, Ruff A, Ludwigs S, Giuseppone N. Unsymmetric Bistable [c
2]Daisy Chain Rotaxanes which Combine Two Types of Electroactive Stoppers. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Wolf
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Juan-José Cid
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Frédéric Niess
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Guangyan Du
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Antoine Goujon
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Eric Busseron
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Adrian Ruff
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry; Universität Stuttgart; 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Present address: Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES); Faculty of Chemistry and Bioelectrochemistry; Ruhr University Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry; Universität Stuttgart; 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS research group; Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS; University of Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 84087 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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23
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Lewis JEM. Self-templated synthesis of amide catenanes and formation of a catenane coordination polymer. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2442-2447. [PMID: 30742192 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00107g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A self-templation strategy was used to synthesise isophthalamide [2]catenanes of various sizes in up to 51% yield without the need for metal ions as templates or mediators of covalent bond formation. Using this strategy a bis-monodentate catenane was prepared incorporating exohedral pyridine units. Upon complexation of this ligand with AgOTf a one-dimensional coordination polymer was obtained in the solid state in which both macrocycles of the catenane are involved in binding to the metal nodes, resulting in a rare example of a coordination assembly in which mechanical bonds are incorporated into the structure backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E M Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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24
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Wang M, Du X, Tian H, Jia Q, Deng R, Cui Y, Wang C, Meguellati K. Design and synthesis of self-included pillar[5]arene-based bis-[1]rotaxanes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Li H, Yang Y, Xu F, Liang T, Wen H, Tian W. Pillararene-based supramolecular polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:271-285. [PMID: 30418439 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08085b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pillararenes, as a new type of macrocyclic hosts, possess columnar structures and electron-rich cavities. Pillararenes not only recognize suitable cations, but also bind many neutral molecules. Due to the easy modification of pillararenes, various functional groups can be conveniently attached to the rim of pillararenes to provide suitable interaction sites, and the modified pillararenes even bind anionic guests. Thus, pillararenes and their derivatives have presented intriguing and unique host-guest recognition nature in the past few years, which make them ideal building blocks for the preparation of supramolecular polymers. Pillararene-based supramolecular polymers (PSPs) not only possess many merits of traditional covalent polymers but also have many specific properties, such as self-reparability, degradability, and self-adaptation. This feature paper gives an overview of the preparation of PSPs and covers recent research advance and future trends of pillararene-based host-guest pairs, assembly methods, topological architectures, stimuli-responsiveness, and functional features. We expect that the review will be helpful to researchers working in the fields of supramolecular chemistry and polymer science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China.
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26
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Wang Y, Pei Z, Feng W, Pei Y. Stimuli-responsive supramolecular nano-systems based on pillar[n]arenes and their related applications. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7656-7675. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01913h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive supramolecular nano-systems (SRNS) have been a trending interdisciplinary research area due to the responsiveness upon appropriate stimuli, which makes SRNS very attractive in multiple fields where precise control is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
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27
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Yang K, Chao S, Zhang F, Pei Y, Pei Z. Recent advances in the development of rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes based on pillar[n]arenes: from construction to application. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13198-13210. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07373f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This article summarizes recent advances in the development of rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes based on pillar[n]arenes: from construction to application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Che-mistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang Chao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Che-mistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Che-mistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Che-mistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Che-mistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- P. R. China
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28
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Li F, Wang M, Guan S, Huang Z, Liu S, Li X, Jiang X, Luo Q, Xu J, Liu J. Cucurbit[8]uril-based supramolecular polymer nanocapsules as an effective siRNA delivery platform for gene therapy. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01062a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An effective siRNA delivery platform was constructed by supramolecular self-assembly to achieve enhanced transfection efficiency and the gene silencing effect.
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29
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Yuan M, Wang F, Tian YK. Metallo-supramolecular polymers derived from benzothiadiazole-based platinum acetylide complexes for fluorescent security application. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40794-40797. [PMID: 35557903 PMCID: PMC9091475 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08615j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallo-supramolecular polymers with the incorporation of benzothiadiazole-substituted organoplatinum moiety have been successfully constructed. The designed monomer displays intense fluorescence signals, which are severely quenched upon the supramolecular polymerization process. On–off switching of fluorescence can be further exploited for data security materials in response to the chemical stimuli. Accordingly, the resulting supramolecular polymers can be regarded as a novel and efficient candidate toward information processing applications. Metallo-supramolecular polymers with the incorporation of benzothiadiazole-substituted organoplatinum moiety have been successfully constructed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China.,Clinic Medical College of Anhui Medical University Hefei 230012 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Kui Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 P. R. China +86 22 27403475
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30
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Ansari SA, Mohapatra PK, Chen L, Yuan L, Feng W. Complexation of Actinides with Phosphine Oxide Functionalized Pillar[5]arenes: Extraction and Spectroscopic Studies. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seraj A. Ansari
- Radiochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; -400085 Trombay, Mumbai India
| | - Prasanta K. Mohapatra
- Radiochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; -400085 Trombay, Mumbai India
| | - Lixi Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Sichuan University; 610064 Chengdu China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Sichuan University; 610064 Chengdu China
| | - Wen Feng
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education; Sichuan University; 610064 Chengdu China
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31
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Uflyand IE, Dzhardimalieva GI. Molecular design of supramolecular polymers with chelated units and their application as functional materials. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1465567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor E. Uflyand
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva
- Laboratory of Metallopolymers, The Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
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32
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Xia D, Wang L, Lv X, Chao J, Wei X, Wang P. Dual-Responsive [2]Pseudorotaxane On the basis of a pH-Sensitive Pillar[5]arene and Its Application in the Fabrication of Metallosupramolecular Polypseudorotaxane. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Xia
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Wang
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Chao
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xuehong Wei
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Pi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Research Center of Advanced Materials Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R. China
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33
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Lewis JEM, Galli M, Goldup SM. Properties and emerging applications of mechanically interlocked ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:298-312. [PMID: 27819362 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules have a long and rich history as ligands thanks to the key role coordination chemistry has played in the development of high yielding passive template syntheses of rotaxanes and catenanes. In this Feature Article, we highlight the effect of the mechanical bond on the properties of metal ions bound within the sterically hindered environment of the macrocycle cavity, and discuss the emerging applications of interlocked ligands in catalysis, sensing and supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E M Lewis
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Marzia Galli
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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34
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Mariani G, Goujon A, Moulin E, Rawiso M, Giuseppone N, Buhler E. Integration of molecular machines into supramolecular materials: actuation between equilibrium polymers and crystal-like gels. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:18456-18466. [PMID: 29159360 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04251e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the dynamic structure of complex supramolecular polymers composed of bistable [c2]daisy chain rotaxanes as molecular machines that are linked by ureidopyrimidinones (Upy) as recognition moieties was studied. pH actuation of the integrated mechanically active rotaxanes controls the contraction/extension of the polymer chains as well as their physical reticulation. Small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering were used to study in-depth the nanostructure of the contracted and extended polymer aggregates in toluene solution. The supramolecular polymers comprising contracted nanomachines were found to be equilibrium polymers with a mass that is concentration dependent in dilute and semidilute regimes. Surprisingly, the extended polymers form a gel network with a crystal-like internal structure that is independent of concentration and reminiscent of a pearl-necklace network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, University Paris Diderot-Paris 7 (Université Sorbonne Paris Cité), Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
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35
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Yu S, Yang Y, Chen T, Xu J, Jin LY. Donor-acceptor interaction-driven self-assembly of amphiphilic rod-coil molecules into supramolecular nanoassemblies. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:17975-17982. [PMID: 29130091 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05329k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rigid-flexible amphiphilic molecules consisting of an aromatic segment based on pyrene and biphenyl units and hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chains self-assemble into lamellar, hexagonal columnar, and two-dimensional columnar nanostructures in the bulk state. In aqueous solution, these molecules self-assemble into nanofibers, spherical micelles, and multilayer nanotubes, depending on the chain or rod length of the molecules. Notably, ordered nanostructures of supramolecular polymers, such as single-layer curving fragments, nanofibers, and nanosheets, were constructed through charge-transfer interactions between the nanoobjects and an electron-acceptor molecule, 2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluorenone. These experimental results reveal that diverse supramolecular morphologies can be controlled by tuning rod-coil molecular interactions or charge-transfer interactions between the donor and acceptor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Organism Resources of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
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36
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Goujon A, Lang T, Mariani G, Moulin E, Fuks G, Raya J, Buhler E, Giuseppone N. Bistable [c2] Daisy Chain Rotaxanes as Reversible Muscle-like Actuators in Mechanically Active Gels. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14825-14828. [PMID: 29022707 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of molecular machines in polymer science is of high interest to transfer mechanical motions from nanoscale to macroscale in order to access new kinds of active devices and materials. Toward this objective, thermodynamic and topological aspects need to be explored for reaching efficient systems capable of producing a useful work. In this paper we describe the branched polymerization of pH-sensitive bistable [c2] daisy chain rotaxanes by using copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition ("click chemistry"). With this cross-linked topology, the corresponding materials in the form of chemical gels can be contracted and expanded over a large variation of volume (∼50%) by changing the protonation state of the system. HR-MAS 1H NMR and neutron scattering experiments reveal that this macroscopic response of the gels results from the synchronized actuation of the mechanical bonds at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Goujon
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg, CNRS , 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Thomas Lang
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg, CNRS , 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Giacomo Mariani
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) Laboratory, UMR CNRS 7057, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Diderot-Paris VII , Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg, CNRS , 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg, CNRS , 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Jesus Raya
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg , 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP 296R8, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Eric Buhler
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) Laboratory, UMR CNRS 7057, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Diderot-Paris VII , Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, University of Strasbourg, CNRS , 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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37
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Hu WB, Cai HR, Hu WJ, Zhao XL, Liu YA, Li JS, Jiang B, Wen K. Pillar[5]arene-Py-Cu Gel, the First Pillar[5]arene-Based Metallo(organo)gel, and Adsorption of Sudan III by Its Gel-Precipitate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 201210 Shanghai China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 100039 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hong-Rui Cai
- School of Physical Science and Technology; ShanghaiTech University; 201210 Shanghai China
| | - Wen-Jing Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 201210 Shanghai China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; and Department of Chemistry; East China Normal University; 200062 Shanghai China
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry; ChemBridge Research Laboratories; 92127 San Diego CA USA
| | - Jiu-Sheng Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 201210 Shanghai China
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 201210 Shanghai China
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 201210 Shanghai China
- School of Physical Science and Technology; ShanghaiTech University; 201210 Shanghai China
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38
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Barendt TA, Ferreira L, Marques I, Félix V, Beer PD. Anion- and Solvent-Induced Rotary Dynamics and Sensing in a Perylene Diimide [3]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:9026-9037. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. Barendt
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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39
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Zhu K, Baggi G, Vukotic VN, Loeb SJ. Reversible mechanical protection: building a 3D "suit" around a T-shaped benzimidazole axle. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3898-3904. [PMID: 28626559 PMCID: PMC5465563 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00790f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The T-shaped benzimidazolium/crown ether recognition motif was used to prepare suit[1]anes. These novel mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. By conversion to a suit[1]ane, a simple benzimidazole was shown to be protected from deprotonation by strong base. Moreover, it was demonstrated that this unique three-dimensional encapsulation can be made reversible, thus introducing the concept of "reversible mechanical protection"; a protecting methodology that may have potential applications in synthetic organic chemistry and the design of molecular machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Zhu
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China .
| | - Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - V Nicholas Vukotic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
| | - Stephen J Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Windsor , Windsor , Ontario N9B 3P4 , Canada .
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40
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Goujon A, Mariani G, Lang T, Moulin E, Rawiso M, Buhler E, Giuseppone N. Controlled Sol-Gel Transitions by Actuating Molecular Machine Based Supramolecular Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4923-4928. [PMID: 28286945 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of artificial molecular machines in polymer science is an important objective that challenges chemists and physicists in order to access an entirely new class of smart materials. To design such systems, the amplification of a mechanical actuation from the nanoscale up to a macroscopic response in the bulk material is a central issue. In this article we show that bistable [c2]daisy chain rotaxanes (i.e., molecular muscles) can be linked into main-chain Upy-based supramolecular polymers. We then reveal by an in depth quantitative study that the pH actuation of the mechanically active rotaxane at the nanoscale influences the physical reticulation of the polymer chains by changing the supramolecular behavior of the Upy units. This nanoactuation within the local structure of the main chain polymer results in a mechanically controlled sol-gel transition at the macroscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Goujon
- SAMS research group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Giacomo Mariani
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) Laboratory, UMR CNRS 7057, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Diderot-Paris VII , Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Cedex 13 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Lang
- SAMS research group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS research group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Rawiso
- SAMS research group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Buhler
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) Laboratory, UMR CNRS 7057, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Diderot-Paris VII , Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Cedex 13 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS research group, University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Cedex 2 Strasbourg, France
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41
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Zhang D, Martinez A, Dutasta JP. Emergence of Hemicryptophanes: From Synthesis to Applications for Recognition, Molecular Machines, and Supramolecular Catalysis. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4900-4942. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratoire
de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, 46, Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Martinez
- Laboratoire
de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, 46, Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, F-13397 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire
de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, 46, Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
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42
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Wang Y, Sun CL, Niu LY, Wu LZ, Tung CH, Chen YZ, Yang QZ. Photoresponsive AA/BB supramolecular polymers comprising stiff-stilbene based guests and bispillar[5]arenes. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel photoresponsive AA/BB supramolecular polymer comprising stiff-stilbene bridged guests and disulfide-bridged bispillar[5]arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Cai-Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Li-Ya Niu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yu-Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Qing-Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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43
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Mechanically interlocked daisy-chain-like structures as multidimensional molecular muscles. Nat Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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44
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Ma X, Zhang J, Cao J, Yao X, Cao T, Gong Y, Zhao C, Tian H. A room temperature phosphorescence encoding [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle. Chem Sci 2016; 7:4582-4588. [PMID: 30155105 PMCID: PMC6016324 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00769d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bistable molecular shuttle, composed of a Pt(ii) porphyrin-containing dibenzo[24]crown-8 macrocycle threaded onto two different recognition sites (secondary dialkylammonium (NH2+) and 4,4'-bipyridinium (Bpym2+) units), and the anthracene (Anth) moiety as one terminal stopper, was synthesized by click chemistry. Its acid-base switchable shuttling could be addressed by both the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emission signals of the Pt(ii) porphyrin moiety and the fluorescence emission of the Anth unit, as well as their lifetime changes. When the macrocycle was switched to be located on the NH2+ site close to Anth, the Pt(ii) porphyrin moiety exhibited strong RTP emission, excited in the Anth band at 370 nm. This was due to the distance-dependent efficient singlet energy transfer between the Anth unit and the porphyrin moiety, followed by intersystem crossing from a singlet to a triplet state in Pt(ii) porphyrin, while its RTP emission dramatically decreased when located on the Bpym2+ site far from the Anth unit. When excited in the porphyrin band at 402 nm, the RTP emission lifetimes changed obviously. This is the first rotaxane-type molecular shuttle whose shuttling has been encoded by RTP signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Xuyang Yao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Tiantian Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Yifan Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Chunchang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , P. R. China .
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45
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Ogoshi T, Yamagishi TA, Nakamoto Y. Pillar-Shaped Macrocyclic Hosts Pillar[n]arenes: New Key Players for Supramolecular Chemistry. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7937-8002. [PMID: 27337002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 901] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In 2008, we reported a new class of pillar-shaped macrocyclic hosts, known as "pillar[n]arenes". Today, pillar[n]arenes are recognized as key players in supramolecular chemistry because of their facile synthesis, unique pillar shape, versatile functionality, interesting host-guest properties, and original supramolecular assembly characteristics, which have resulted in numerous electrochemical and biomedical material applications. In this Review, we have provided historical background to macrocyclic chemistry, followed by a detailed discussion of the fundamental properties of pillar[n]arenes, including their synthesis, structure, and host-guest properties. Furthermore, we have discussed the applications of pillar[n]arenes to materials science, as well as their applications in supramolecular chemistry, in terms of their fundamental properties. Finally, we have described the future perspectives of pillar[n]arene chemistry. We hope that this Review will provide a useful reference for researchers working in the field and inspire discoveries concerning pillar[n]arene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Ogoshi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO , 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tada-Aki Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamoto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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46
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Jagesar DC, Wiering PG, Kay ER, Leigh DA, Brouwer AM. Successive Translocation of the Rings in a [3]Rotaxane. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1902-12. [PMID: 26918870 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A [2]rotaxane, a [3]rotaxane and the corresponding thread containing two succinamide (succ) binding stations and a central redox-active pyromellitimide (pmi) station were studied. Infrared spectroelectrochemical experiments revealed the translocation of the macrocycle between the succinamide station and the electrochemically reduced pmi station (radical anion and dianion). Remarkably, in the [3]rotaxane, the rings can be selectively translocated. One-electron reduction leads to the translocation of one of the two macrocycles from the succinamide to the pyromellitimide station, whereas activation of the shuttle through two-electron reduction results in the translocation of both macrocycles: the dianion, due to its higher electron density and hence greater hydrogen-bond accepting affinity, is hydrogen bonded to both macrocycles. Systems with such an on-command contraction are known as molecular muscles. The relative strengths of the binding between the macrocycle and the imide anions could be estimated from the hydrogen-bond-induced shifts in the C=O stretching frequencies of hydrogen-bond accepting amide groups of the macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiredj C Jagesar
- University of Amsterdam, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Piet G Wiering
- University of Amsterdam, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Euan R Kay
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK.,EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David A Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK.,School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- University of Amsterdam, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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47
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Qian X, Gong W, Li X, Fang L, Kuang X, Ning G. Fluorescent Cross-Linked Supramolecular Polymer Constructed by Orthogonal Self-Assembly of Metal-Ligand Coordination and Host-Guest Interaction. Chemistry 2016; 22:6881-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Qian
- Sate Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; No. 2, Linggong Road, High Tech Zone Dalian P.R. China
| | - Weitao Gong
- Sate Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; No. 2, Linggong Road, High Tech Zone Dalian P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas State University; San Marcos Texas 78666 USA
| | - Le Fang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; No. 2, Linggong Road, High Tech Zone Dalian P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Kuang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; No. 2, Linggong Road, High Tech Zone Dalian P.R. China
| | - Guiling Ning
- Sate Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; No. 2, Linggong Road, High Tech Zone Dalian P.R. China
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48
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Cheng M, Liu L, Cao Y, Jiang J, Wang L. A Phosphine Oxide Functional Group Based [2]Rotaxane That Operates as a Multistable Molecular Shuttle. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1835-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yihan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Juli Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Leyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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49
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Fu X, Zhang Q, Rao SJ, Qu DH, Tian H. One-pot synthesis of a [c2]daisy-chain-containing hetero[4]rotaxane via a self-sorting strategy. Chem Sci 2016; 7:1696-1701. [PMID: 28808537 PMCID: PMC5535066 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04844c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction and efficient synthesis of hetero[n]rotaxanes with high structural complexity are always attractive challenges. Herein, we demonstrate a facile one-pot preparation of a hetero[4]rotaxane, by employing a self-sorting strategy, which contains an interpenetrated dibenzo-24-crown-8 (DB24C8) based [c2]daisy chain structure and is ended with a benzo-21-crown-7 (B21C7) based rotaxane at each side. The key to the design involved encoding the selective threading using a steric hindrance-related "language", where highly selective self-assemblies occurred in a three-component self-sorting process, which included the threading of a benzylalkylammonium into a B21C7 and interpenetrated dimerized formation of a DB24C8 based [c2]daisy chain simultaneously; the precise pre-assembled system resulted in the efficient synthesis of hetero[4]rotaxane with a high-level of structural complexity under the "CuAAC" reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai , 200237 , China .
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai , 200237 , China .
| | - Si-Jia Rao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai , 200237 , China .
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai , 200237 , China .
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai , 200237 , China .
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50
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Wang P, Gao Z, Yuan M, Zhu J, Wang F. Mechanically linked poly[2]rotaxanes constructed from the benzo-21-crown-7/secondary ammonium salt recognition motif. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00494f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically linked poly[2]rotaxanes have been designed and synthesized, which displays interesting thermal and rheological properties due to the integration of [2]rotaxane moieties into the polycaprolactone chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zhao Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Ming Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Junlong Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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