1
|
Yamazaki S, Okazaki T, Murafuji T, Sumimoto M, Mikata Y. Color Change of Indole Squaraine between Blue and Yellow with Golden Luster. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39213592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Color change of materials by external stimulus has attracted much attention for various applications. We synthesized 1,3-bis(3,3-dimethyl-2-methylene indolenine)squaraine (ISQ), which was a yellow powder with golden luster (ISQ(gold)) and whose color changed to blue (ISQ(blue)) by being ground using mortar and pestle. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that ISQ(gold) consisted of laminated plate-like crystals with a large flat surface, which was attributable to (2 0-2) facets of monoclinic crystals. Measurements of the diffuse reflectance spectra revealed that J- and H-type aggregates of ISQ were formed by increasing the weight percent of ISQ(blue) in the mixture with BaSO4. A thin film, which was prepared by a spin-coating of ethanol with dissolved ISQ(blue) on glass substrates, looked blue on a white paper, whereas it looked yellowish on a black paper. By repeating the coating process, the film thickness increased, and the thick film exhibited yellow with golden luster regardless of the background color. These results indicate that the color depends on whether the transmitted light through ISQ or the reflected light on the ISQ surface mainly contributes to color vision. To neglect the effect of the transmitted light and intensify the reflection on the surface, a pellet with a smooth surface was prepared by pressing ISQ(gold) or ISQ(blue) at 20 kg/cm2. The ISQ(blue) pellet consisted of the laminated sheets and was dark blue-green. However, under light irradiation, the ISQ(blue) pellet exhibited a yellow color with golden luster, whose specular reflection spectrum was similar to that of the ISQ(gold) pellet. Our results indicate that the color of ISQ is tunable by controlling the transmission and the reflection of the light, including the specular and diffuse reflections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzuko Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Taisei Okazaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Murafuji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Michinori Sumimoto
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8611, Japan
| | - Yuji Mikata
- Laboratory for Molecular & Functional Design, Department of Engineering, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nakagawa Y, Nishimura R, Morimoto M, Yokojima S, Nakamura S, Uchida K. Phototunable golden luster microcrystalline film of photochromic diarylethene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Nakagawa
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Masakazu Morimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokojima
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Priority Organization by Innovation and Excellence, Laboratory for Data Science, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kingo Uchida
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sugiura S, Mitogawa T, Saito K, Tamura R, Tsukada S, Horiuchi T, Hoshino K. Slippage- and load-induced changes in the crystalline orientation of oligo(3-methoxythiophene) powder to develop a gold-tone luster. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19965-19973. [PMID: 35865194 PMCID: PMC9264330 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The achievement of molecular orientation control by rubbing and pressing poly(3-alkylthiophene)s is a powerful technique to improve the performance of organic electronic devices. We report here that the rubbing and pressing of blackish-brown 3-methoxythiophene oligomer powders yield layer and tablet samples with gold tones, respectively. Specular reflectivity, colorimetric, and X-ray diffraction measurements reveal that this gold tone is caused by an increase in the ratio of edge-on lamellar crystallites to face-on ones, which is promoted by rubbing/pressing. In contrast to the 3-alkylthiophene polymer, which develops a dominant face-on lamellar structure, rubbing of the 3-methoxythiophene oligomer increases the relative amount of edge-on lamellar crystallites to face-on lamellar ones. Furthermore, gold tone development in the tablet samples is limited to the near-surface area, despite the fact that pressure is also applied to the tablet bulk. These specific chemical events are explained by considering the repulsive interactions between the 3-methoxythiophene backbone and the functional groups on the surface of the substrate employed during the rubbing/pressing processes. Despite the lower applied pressure, gold tone development by rubbing is accompanied by a higher reflective property than by pressing because of the formation of larger relative amounts and sizes of edge-on lamellar crystallites, which are responsible for the gold tone. Rubbing and pressing of blackish-brown 3-methoxythiophene powder produced layers and tablets with gold tone luster, respectively, due to increased edge-on lamellar crystallites.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoya Sugiura
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Terumasa Mitogawa
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Kota Saito
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Rihito Tamura
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Satoru Tsukada
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takahiko Horiuchi
- Department of Imaging Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effect of polymerization conditions on physicochemical properties of gold-like lustrous films of organic solvent soluble 3-methoxythiophene oligomers. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
5
|
Tachiki M, Tagawa R, Hoshino K. Oligo(3-methoxythiophene)s as Water-Soluble Dyes for Highly Lustrous Gold- and Bronze-like Metal-Effect Coatings and Printings. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:24379-24388. [PMID: 33015454 PMCID: PMC7528169 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To overcome various shortcomings associated with commercial metal-effect gloss paints containing metal flakes, we examine possible candidates to be used as novel organic-only metal-effect dyes for both paints and inks. Recently, one of the authors developed a potential candidate (ClO4 --doped oligo(3-methoxythiophene)), but the required solvent was not industrially acceptable and the cured paint displayed low glossiness. Herein, we synthesized and characterized Cl--doped oligo(3-methoxythiophene) dyes that were water-soluble and displayed a highly lustrous gold- and bronze-like hue upon curing. Additionally, we found that films derived from these oligomers form extremely regular and compact edge-on lamella crystallites through self-organization; these films also display a highly glossy metallic appearance due to the extremely high optical constants of the crystallites. These as-prepared films were easily soluble in water, but we also found that the films become insoluble in water upon dehydration, making industrial implementation feasible.
Collapse
|
6
|
Saito N, Yanada K, Kondo Y. Azobenzene-based lustrous golden thin films fabricated by electrophoretic deposition. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
7
|
Effect of π–π interaction-induced secondary doping on the gold-like luster of oligo(3-methoxythiophene) cast films. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
8
|
Takashina Y, Mitogawa T, Saito K, Hoshino K. Chemical Events in Oligo(3-methoxythiophene) Coating Solutions and Their Effect on the Goldlike Coating Film Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3049-3057. [PMID: 29420043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free, metal-like lustrous films may find applications in a variety of fields, and a study of the factors affecting their stability is highly desirable. In particular, chemical events occurring in the coating solutions might affect the supramolecular organization of the films and therefore the metal-like luster. Herein, the chemical events occurring in acetonitrile and nitromethane coating solutions of oligo(3-methoxythiophene) and their effect on the optical properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption, and viscosity measurements. In acetonitrile, the oligomers underwent gradual dedoping with time, but only small changes in viscosity were observed. The solution was applied to a glass plate to yield a dark brown film, which turned into a goldlike lustrous film by rubbing. In nitromethane, the supramolecular structure of the oligomers changed with time from the nonaggregated state to π-dimers and then to π-stacks, and the viscosity increased. The properties of the goldlike films prepared from this solution were greatly affected by this chemical event. Remarkably, the π-dimer solution provided the film with the highest specular reflectance, yellowness, greenness, brightness, and crystallinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Takashina
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Terumasa Mitogawa
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Kota Saito
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Morisue M, Hoshino Y, Shimizu M, Tomita S, Sasaki S, Sakurai S, Hikima T, Kawamura A, Kohri M, Matsui J, Yamao T. A metal-lustrous porphyrin foil. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:10703-10706. [PMID: 28913537 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06159e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-lustrous self-standing film, named "porphyrin foil", was formed from a glass-forming polymeric porphyrin. The amorphous glass nature of the porphyrin foil played a key role in spontaneously producing a smooth surface. Its sharp contrast in intense absorption and specular reflection of light at each wavelength provided a brilliant metallic lustre.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiko Morisue
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Electropolymerized films of 3-methoxythiophene with a potential sweep-induced gold-like luster. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|