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Wang J, Liu L, Zhang S, Liao B, Zhao K, Li Y, Xu J, Chen L. Review of the Perspectives and Study of Thermo-Responsive Polymer Gels and Applications in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids. Gels 2023; 9:969. [PMID: 38131955 PMCID: PMC10742521 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymer gels are a type of intelligent material that can react to changes in temperature. These materials possess excellent innovative properties and find use in various fields. This paper systematically analyzes the methods for testing and regulating phase transition temperatures of thermo-responsive polymer gels based on their response mechanism. The report thoroughly introduces the latest research on thermo-responsive polymer gels in oil and gas extraction, discussing their advantages and challenges across various environments. Additionally, it elucidates how the application limitations of high-temperature and high-salt conditions can be resolved through process optimization and material innovation, ultimately broadening the scope of application of thermo-responsive polymer gels in oil and gas extraction. The article discusses the technological development and potential applications of thermo-responsive polymer gels in oil-based drilling fluids. This analysis aims to offer researchers in the oil and gas industry detailed insights into future possibilities for thermo-responsive polymer gels and to provide helpful guidance for their practical use in oil-based drilling fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China; (L.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.X.)
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China; (L.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.X.)
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Siyang Zhang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Bo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China; (L.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.X.)
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China; (L.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.X.)
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Yiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China; (L.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.X.)
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development, China University of Petroleum (East China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China; (L.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.X.)
- School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
| | - Longqiao Chen
- CNPC Offshore Engineering Company Limited, Beijing 100028, China;
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2
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Wu Q, Lis MJ, Hinestroza JP. Fire Performance of Cotton Fabrics Coated with 10-(2,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-xa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO-HQ) Zr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4379. [PMID: 38006103 PMCID: PMC10675809 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the performance of cotton fabrics coated with DOPO-HQ and Zr-based Metal-organic Frameworks when exposed to fire. The chemical structure of the cotton fabrics before and after the coating was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, and the surface morphology of cotton and their combustion residues was probed via scanning electron microscopy. In our experiments, we used flammability tests and thermogravimetric methods to understand the burning behavior of the coated fibers, as well as their thermal stability. The cotton fabrics coated with DOPO-HQ and Zr MOFs exhibited shorter combustion times, had better thermal degradation properties, promoted the creation of heat-insulating layers, and exhibited improved smoke suppression behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Wu
- Institute of Textile Research and Industrial Cooperation of Terrassa (INTEXTER), Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Colón 15, 08222 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Manuel José Lis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Colón 15, 08222 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan P. Hinestroza
- Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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3
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Ritsema van Eck G, Kiens EM, Veldscholte LB, Brió Pérez M, de Beer S. Vapor Swelling of Polymer Brushes Compared to Nongrafted Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13763-13770. [PMID: 36331903 PMCID: PMC9671043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polymer brushes, coatings of polymers covalently end-grafted to a surface, have been proposed as a more stable alternative to traditional physisorbed coatings. However, when such coatings are applied in settings such as vapor sensing and gas separation technologies, their responsiveness to solvent vapors becomes an important consideration. It can be anticipated that the end-anchoring in polymer brushes reduces the translational entropy of the polymers and instead introduces an entropic penalty against stretching when vapor is absorbed. Therefore, swelling can be expected to be diminished in brushes compared to nongrafted films. Here, we study the effect of the anchoring-constraint on vapor sorption in polymer coatings using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations as well as humidity-controlled ellipsometry on chemically identical polymer brushes and nongrafted films. We find a qualitative agreement between simulations and experiments, with both indicating that brushes certainly swell less than physisorbed films, although this effect is minor for common grafting densities. Our results imply that polymer brushes indeed hold great potential for the intended applications.
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4
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Ritsema van Eck G, Chiappisi L, de Beer S. Fundamentals and Applications of Polymer Brushes in Air. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2022; 4:3062-3087. [PMID: 35601464 PMCID: PMC9112284 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
For several decades, high-density, end-tethered polymers, forming so-called polymer brushes, have inspired scientists to understand their properties and to translate them to applications. While earlier research focused on polymer brushes in liquids, it was recently recognized that these brushes can find application in air as well. In this review, we report on recent progress in unraveling fundamental concepts of brushes in air, such as their vapor-swelling and solvent partitioning. Moreover, we provide an overview of the plethora of applications in air (e.g., in sensing, separations or smart adhesives) where brushes can be key components. To conclude, we provide an outlook by identifying open questions and issues that, when solved, will pave the way for the large scale application of brushes in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido
C. Ritsema van Eck
- Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry Group, Department of Molecules & Materials,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Chiappisi
- Institut
Max von Laue - Paul Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry Group, Department of Molecules & Materials,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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5
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Smook LA, Ritsema van Eck GC, de Beer S. Friends, Foes, and Favorites: Relative Interactions Determine How Polymer Brushes Absorb Vapors of Binary Solvents. Macromolecules 2020; 53:10898-10906. [PMID: 33380750 PMCID: PMC7759003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymer brushes can absorb vapors from the surrounding atmosphere, which is relevant for many applications such as in sensing and separation technologies. In this article, we report on the absorption of binary mixtures of solvent vapors (A and B) with a thermodynamic mean-field model and with grand-canonical molecular dynamics simulations. Both methods show that the vapor with the strongest vapor-polymer interaction is favored and absorbs preferentially. In addition, the absorption of one vapor (A) influences the absorption of another (B). If the A-B interaction is stronger than the interaction between vapor B and the polymers, the presence of vapor A in the brush can aid the absorption of B: the vapors absorb collaboratively as friends. In contrast, if the A-polymer interaction is stronger than the B-polymer interaction and the brush has reached its maximum sorption capacity, the presence of A can reduce the absorption of B: the vapors absorb competitively as foes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon A. Smook
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Guido C. Ritsema van Eck
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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6
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Ritsema van Eck GC, Veldscholte LB, Nijkamp JHWH, de Beer S. Sorption Characteristics of Polymer Brushes in Equilibrium with Solvent Vapors. Macromolecules 2020; 53:8428-8437. [PMID: 33071358 PMCID: PMC7558291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
While
polymer brushes in contact with liquids have been researched
intensively, the characteristics of brushes in equilibrium with vapors
have been largely unexplored, despite their relevance for many applications,
including sensors and smart adhesives. Here, we use molecular dynamics
simulations to show that solvent and polymer density distributions
for brushes exposed to vapors are qualitatively different from those
of brushes exposed to liquids. Polymer density profiles for vapor-solvated
brushes decay more sharply than for liquid-solvated brushes. Moreover,
adsorption layers of enhanced solvent density are formed at the brush–vapor
interface. Interestingly and despite all of these effects, we find
that solvent sorption in the brush is described rather well with a
simple mean-field Flory–Huggins model that incorporates an
entropic penalty for stretching of the brush polymers, provided that
parameters such as the polymer–solvent interaction parameter,
grafting density, and relative vapor pressure are varied individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido C Ritsema van Eck
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Lars B Veldscholte
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H W H Nijkamp
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, University of Twente, Enschede 7522 NB, The Netherlands
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7
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Manning KC, Kotagama P, Burgin TP, Rykaczewski K. Breathable, Stimuli-Responsive, and Self-Sealing Chemical Barrier Material Based on Selectively Superabsorbing Polymer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C. Manning
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Praveen Kotagama
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Timothy P. Burgin
- Joint Research and Development Inc., 50 Tech Parkway, Stafford, Virginia 22556, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Konrad Rykaczewski
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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Xiao R, Hou C, Yang W, Su Y, Li Y, Zhang Q, Gao P, Wang H. Infrared-Radiation-Enhanced Nanofiber Membrane for Sky Radiative Cooling of the Human Body. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44673-44681. [PMID: 31690067 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extreme heat events are mainly responsible for weather-related human mortality due to climate change. However, there is a lack of outdoor thermal management for protecting people from extreme heat events. We present a novel infrared-radiation-enhanced nanofiber membrane (NFM) that has good infrared resonance absorption and selectively radiates thermal radiation of the human body through the atmosphere and into the cold outer space. The NFM comprises polyamide 6 (PA6) nanofibers and randomly distributed SiO2 submicron spheres and has sufficient air permeability and thermal-moisture comfortability because of its interconnect nanopores and micropores. We measure the sky radiative cooling performance under a clear sky, and PA6/SiO2 NFM produces temperatures that are about 0.4-1.7 °C lower than those of commercial textiles when covering dry and wet hands and temperatures 1.0-2.5 °C lower than the ambient temperature when thermal conduction and convection are isolated in a closed device. Our processed PA6/SiO2 NFM combines sky radiative cooling with thermal management of the human body very well, which will promote the development of radiative cooling textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yun Su
- College of Fashion and Design , Donghua University , Shanghai 200051 , P. R. China
| | | | | | - Peng Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Power Sources , Tianjin 300384 , P. R. China
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9
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Mensink LI, Snoeijer JH, de Beer S. Wetting of Polymer Brushes by Polymeric Nanodroplets. Macromolecules 2019; 52:2015-2020. [PMID: 30894780 PMCID: PMC6416710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
End-anchoring polymers to a solid surface to form so-called polymer brushes is a versatile method to prepare robust functional coatings. We show, using molecular dynamics simulations, that these coatings display rich wetting behavior. Depending on the interaction between the brushes and the polymeric droplets as well as on the self-affinity of the brush, we can distinguish between three wetting states: mixing, complete wetting, and partial wetting. We find that transitions between these states are largely captured by enthalpic arguments, while deviations to these can be attributed to the negative excess interfacial entropy for the brush droplet system. Interestingly, we observe that the contact angle strongly increases when the softness of the brush is increased, which is opposite to the case of drops on soft elastomers. Hence, the Young to Neumann transition owing to softness is not universal but depends on the nature of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz I.
S. Mensink
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and Materials Science
and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco H. Snoeijer
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and Materials Science
and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Physics
of Fluids, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and Materials Science
and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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10
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Zhong Q, Lu M, Nieuwenhuis S, Wu BS, Wu GP, Xu ZK, Müller-Buschbaum P, Wang JP. Enhanced Stain Removal and Comfort Control Achieved by Cross-Linking Light and Thermo Dual-Responsive Copolymer onto Cotton Fabrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:5414-5426. [PMID: 30640436 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced capabilities of stain removal and comfort control are simultaneously achieved by the light and thermo dual-responsive copolymer poly(triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate- co-ethylene glycol methacrylate- co-acrylamide azobenzene) (P(MEO3MA- co-EGMA- co-AAAB)) cross-linked on cotton fabrics. P(MEO3MA- co-EGMA- co-AAAB) is synthesized by sequential atom transfer radical polymerization with a molar ratio of 8 (MEO3MA):1 (EGMA):1 (AAAB). The MEO3MA units induce a thermoresponsive behavior to the copolymer. The hydrophilicity of the copolymer films can be further improved by the light-induced trans- cis isomerization of the AAAB units with UV radiation. The copolymer is facilely immobilized onto cotton fabrics with 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid as cross-linker. Due to the immobilization of P(MEO3MA- co-EGMA- co-AAAB), the hydrophilicity of the fabric surface is increased under UV radiation. Therefore, by simply installing a UV light source in the washing machine, better capability of stain removal is realized for the cross-linked cotton fabrics. It can prominently reduce the consumption of energy, water, and surfactants in laundry. In addition, the trans-AAAB units of the copolymer cause the cross-linked P(MEO3MA- co-EGMA- co-AAAB) layer to be more hydrophobic under ambient conditions. Hence, the copolymer can more easily collapse and form a porous structure on the fabrics. Thus, the air permeability of cotton fabrics cross-linked with P(MEO3MA- co-EGMA- co-AAAB) is enhanced by 13% at human body temperature as compared to P(MEO3MA- co-EGMA), giving improved comfort control during daily wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department , Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , James-Franck-Strasse 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Min Lu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Sophie Nieuwenhuis
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Bi-Sheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department , Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien , James-Franck-Strasse 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Ji-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education; National Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation in Textiles and Consumer-Goods Chemistry , Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
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Thakur N, Sargur Ranganath A, Sopiha K, Baji A. Thermoresponsive Cellulose Acetate-Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Core-Shell Fibers for Controlled Capture and Release of Moisture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29224-29233. [PMID: 28795559 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used core-shell electrospinning to fabricate cellulose acetate-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (CA-PNIPAM) fibrous membranes and demonstrated the ability of these fibers to capture water from a high humid atmosphere and release it when thermally stimulated. The wettability of the fibers was controlled by using thermoresponsive PNIPAM as the shell layer. Scanning electron and fluorescence microscopes are used to investigate the microstructure of the fibers and confirm the presence of the core and shell phases within the fibers. The moisture capturing and releasing ability of these core-shell CA-PNIPAM fibers was compared with those of the neat CA and neat PNIPAM fibers at room temperature as well as at an elevated temperature. At room temperature, the CA-PNIPAM core-shell fibers are shown to have the maximum moisture uptake capacity among the three samples. The external temperature variations which trigger the moisture response behavior of these CA-PNIPAM fibers fall within the range of typical day and night cycles of deserts, demonstrating the potential use of these fibers for water harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Thakur
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) , 8 Somapah Rd, 487372, Singapore
| | - Anupama Sargur Ranganath
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) , 8 Somapah Rd, 487372, Singapore
| | - Kostiantyn Sopiha
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) , 8 Somapah Rd, 487372, Singapore
| | - Avinash Baji
- Division of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) , 8 Somapah Rd, 487372, Singapore
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