1
|
Yusran Y, Xing J, Lin Q, Wu G, Peng WC, Wu Y, Su T, Yang L, Zhang L, Li Q, Wang H, Li ZT, Zhang DW. Metallaphotocatalytic Amination of Aryl Chlorides Enabled by Highly Crystalline Acetylene-Based Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303069. [PMID: 37165759 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amination of aryl chlorides by metallaphotocatalysis is highly desired but remains practically challenging. Meanwhile, relying on soluble noble-metal photocatalysts suffers from resource scarcity and structural instability which limit their practical application. Here in, a highly crystalline acetylene-based hydrazone-linked covalent organic framewok-1 (AC-COF-1) is reported that enables metallaphotocatalytic amination of aryl chlorides. The non-planar effect of hydrazone linkage and weak interlayer attraction of acetylene bond are minimized by intralayer hydrogen-bonding. As a result, the COF shows not only improved crystallinity and porosity, but also enhanced optical and electronic properties compared to a COF analog without hydrogen-bonding. Notably, dual AC-COF-1/Ni system affords CN coupling products from broad aryl chloride substrates in excellent yields (up to 99%) and good functional tolerance. Furthermore, AC-COF-1 is recoverable and reusable for seven times photocatalysis cycles. This report demonstrates simple approach to tune the structure-activity relationship in COFs at molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusran Yusran
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qihan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianhui Su
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schoch TD, Weaver JD. Efforts toward Synthetic Photosynthesis: Visible Light-Driven CO 2 Valorization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:14945-14951. [PMID: 37390455 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Current methods of urethane preparation from amines invariably involve high-energy and often toxic or cumbersome molecules to make the process exergonic. CO2 aminoalkylation using olefins and amines represents an attractive albeit endergonic alternative. We report a moisture-tolerant method that uses visible light energy to drive this endergonic process (+25 kcal/mol at STP) using sensitized arylcyclohexenes. They convert much of the photon's energy to strain upon olefin isomerization. This strain energy greatly enhances alkene basicity, allowing for sequential protonation by and interception of ammonium carbamates. Following optimization steps and amine scope evaluation, an example product arylcyclohexyl urethane underwent transcarbamoylation with some demonstrative alcohols to form more general urethanes with concomitant regeneration of the arylcyclohexene. This represents a closure of the energetic cycle, producing H2O as the stoichiometric byproduct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Schoch
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Jimmie D Weaver
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cole KP, Douglas JJ, Hammerstad T, Stephenson CRJ. Visible-Light Photocatalysis Academic–Industrial Collaboration Retrospective: Shared Learning and Impact Analysis. Org Process Res Dev 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. Cole
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - James J. Douglas
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Travis Hammerstad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du T, Cui M, Chao Y, Xiao Y, Ren Z, An Y, Meng C. Preparation and photocatalytic properties of highly dispersed samarium vanadate nanoparticles supported on H-mordenite composites by template-free method. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Gall BK, Smith AK, Ferreira EM. Dearomative (3+2) Cycloadditions between Indoles and Vinyldiazo Species Enabled by a Red-Shifted Chromium Photocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212187. [PMID: 36063422 PMCID: PMC9828771 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A direct dearomative photocatalyzed (3+2) cycloaddition between indoles and vinyldiazo reagents is described. The transformation is enabled by the development of a novel oxidizing CrIII photocatalyst, its specific reactivity attributed to increased absorptive properties over earlier Cr analogs and greater stability than Ru counterparts. A variety of fused indoline compounds are synthesized using this method, including densely functionalized ring systems that are feasible due to base-free conditions. Experimental insights corroborate a cycloaddition initiated by nucleophilic attack at C3 of the indole radical cation by the vinyldiazo species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley K. Gall
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA
| | - Avery K. Smith
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Membrane-based TBADT recovery as a strategy to increase the sustainability of continuous-flow photocatalytic HAT transformations. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6147. [PMID: 36257941 PMCID: PMC9579200 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes have been the object of numerous studies showcasing the potential of the homogeneous photocatalyst tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT) for the functionalization of C(sp3)-H bonds. However, to translate these studies into large-scale industrial processes, careful considerations of catalyst loading, cost, and removal are required. This work presents organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) as an answer to reduce TBADT consumption, increase its turnover number and lower its concentration in the product solution, thus enabling large-scale photocatalytic HAT-based transformations. The operating parameters for a suitable membrane for TBADT recovery in acetonitrile were optimized. Continuous photocatalytic C(sp3)-H alkylation and amination reactions were carried out with in-line TBADT recovery via two OSN steps. Promisingly, the observed product yields for the reactions with in-line catalyst recycling are comparable to those of reactions performed with pristine TBADT, therefore highlighting that not only catalyst recovery (>99%, TON > 8400) is a possibility, but also that it does not happen at the expense of reaction performance.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang YQ, Wang ZH, Li M, Liao RZ. Understanding the chemoselectivity switch in CO2 reduction catalyzed by Co and Fe complexes bearing a pentadentate N5 ligand. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
8
|
Bawden JC, Francis PS, DiLuzio S, Hayne DJ, Doeven EH, Truong J, Alexander R, Henderson LC, Gómez DE, Massi M, Armstrong BI, Draper FA, Bernhard S, Connell TU. Reinterpreting the Fate of Iridium(III) Photocatalysts─Screening a Combinatorial Library to Explore Light-Driven Side-Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11189-11202. [PMID: 35704840 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysts are primarily selected based on ground and excited state properties, but their activity is also intrinsically tied to the nature of their reduced (or oxidized) intermediates. Catalyst reactivity often necessitates an inherent instability, thus these intermediates represent a mechanistic turning point that affords either product formation or side-reactions. In this work, we explore the scope of a previously demonstrated side-reaction that partially saturates one pyridine ring of the ancillary ligand in heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes. Using high-throughput synthesis and screening under photochemical conditions, we identified different chemical pathways, ultimately governed by ligand composition. The ancillary ligand was the key factor that determined photochemical stability. Following photoinitiated electron transfer from a sacrificial tertiary amine, the reduced intermediate of complexes containing 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives exhibited long-term stability. In contrast, complexes containing 2,2'-bipyridines were highly susceptible to hydrogen atom transfer and ancillary ligand modification. Detailed characterization of selected complexes before and after transformation showed differing effects on the ground and excited state reduction potentials dependent on the nature of the cyclometalating ligands and excited states. The implications of catalyst stability and reactivity in chemical synthesis was demonstrated in a model photoredox reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Bawden
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Paul S Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Stephen DiLuzio
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - David J Hayne
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Egan H Doeven
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Johnny Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Richard Alexander
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Luke C Henderson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Daniel E Gómez
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Blake I Armstrong
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Felicity A Draper
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Timothy U Connell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu KM, Wang PY, Guo ZY, Xiong DC, Qin XJ, Liu M, Liu M, Xue WY, Ye XS. Iterative Synthesis of 2-Deoxyoligosaccharides Enabled by Stereoselective Visible-Light-Promoted Glycosylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114726. [PMID: 35133053 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The photoinitiated intramolecular hydroetherification of alkenols has been used to form C-O bonds, but the intermolecular hydroetherification of alkenes with alcohols remains an unsolved challenge. We herein report the visible-light-promoted 2-deoxyglycosylation of alcohols with glycals. The glycosylation reaction was completed within 2 min in a high quantum yield (ϕ=28.6). This method was suitable for a wide array of substrates and displayed good reaction yields and excellent stereoselectivity. The value of this protocol was further demonstrated by the iterative synthesis of 2-deoxyglycans with α-2-deoxyglycosidic linkages up to a 20-mer in length and digoxin with β-2-deoxyglycosidic linkages. Mechanistic studies indicated that this reaction involved a glycosyl radical cation intermediate and a photoinitiated chain process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian-Jin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Miao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wan-Ying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu K, Wang P, Guo Z, Xiong D, Qin X, Liu M, Liu M, Xue W, Ye X. Iterative Synthesis of 2‐Deoxyoligosaccharides Enabled by Stereoselective Visible‐Light‐Promoted Glycosylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Peng‐Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Zhen‐Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - De‐Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Xian‐Jin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Miao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Wan‐Ying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xin‐Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
DiLuzio S, Connell TU, Mdluli V, Kowalewski JF, Bernhard S. Understanding Ir(III) Photocatalyst Structure-Activity Relationships: A Highly Parallelized Study of Light-Driven Metal Reduction Processes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1431-1444. [PMID: 35025486 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput synthesis and screening methods were used to measure the photochemical activity of 1440 distinct heteroleptic [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+ complexes for the photoreduction of Sn(II) and Zn(II) cations to their corresponding neutral metals. Kinetic data collection was carried out using home-built photoreactors and measured initial rates, obtained through an automated fitting algorithm, spanned between 0-120 μM/s for Sn(0) deposition and 0-90 μM/s for Zn(0) deposition. Photochemical reactivity was compared to photophysical properties previously measured such as deaerated excited state lifetime and emission spectral data for these same complexes; however, no clear correlations among these features were observed. A formal photochemical rate law was then developed to help elucidate the observed reactivity. Initial rates were found to be directly correlated to the product of incident photon flux with three reaction elementary efficiencies: (1) the fraction of light absorbed by the photocatalyst, (2) the fraction of excited state species that are quenched by the electron donor, and (3) the cage escape efficiency. The most active catalysts exhibit high efficiencies for all three steps, and catalyst engineering requirements to maximize these elementary efficiencies were postulated. The kinetic treatment provided the mechanistic information needed to decipher the observed structure/function trends in the high-throughput work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen DiLuzio
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Timothy U Connell
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Velabo Mdluli
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jakub F Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Polgar AM, Huang SH, Hudson ZM. Donor modification of thermally activated delayed fluorescence photosensitizers for organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00470d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
TADF donor-acceptor conjugates were applied as photosensitizers for organocatalyzed organic atom transfer radical polymerization. A donor-modification strategy was found to dramatically improve the control over the polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Polgar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Shine H. Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kwak M, Bok J, Lee BH, Kim J, Seo Y, Kim S, Choi H, Ko W, Hooch Antink W, Lee CW, Yim GH, Seung H, Park C, Lee KS, Kim DH, Hyeon T, Yoo D. Ni Single Atoms on Carbon Nitride for Visible-Light-Promoted Full Heterogeneous Dual Catalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8536-8542. [PMID: 35974767 PMCID: PMC9337748 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible-light-driven organic transformations are of great interest in synthesizing valuable fine chemicals under mild conditions. The merger of heterogeneous photocatalysts and transition metal catalysts has recently drawn much attention due to its versatility for organic transformations. However, these semi-heterogenous systems suffered several drawbacks, such as transition metal agglomeration on the heterogeneous surface, hindering further applications. Here, we introduce heterogeneous single Ni atoms supported on carbon nitride (NiSAC/CN) for visible-light-driven C–N functionalization with a broad substrate scope. Compared to a semi-heterogeneous system, high activity and stability were observed due to metal–support interactions. Furthermore, through systematic experimental mechanistic studies, we demonstrate that the stabilized single Ni atoms on CN effectively change their redox states, leading to a complete photoredox cycle for C–N coupling. In this work, the first demonstration of heterogeneous photoredox C–N coupling is reported using Ni atoms on C3N4. Due to metal–support interactions, high activity and stability were observed during visible-light-driven C–N functionalization.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjoon Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Bok
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngran Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjae Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Wytse Hooch Antink
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Guk Hee Yim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Seung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Chansul Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Kug-Seung Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Yoo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Fang S, Sun H, Ou W, Su C. Semi-heterogeneous photo-Cu-dual-catalytic cross-coupling reactions using polymeric carbon nitrides. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
15
|
Li J, Huang CY, Han JT, Li CJ. Development of a Quinolinium/Cobaloxime Dual Photocatalytic System for Oxidative C–C Cross-Couplings via H2 Release. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Li
- Department of Chemistry, FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Chia-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jing-Tan Han
- Department of Chemistry, FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Candish L, Collins KD, Cook GC, Douglas JJ, Gómez-Suárez A, Jolit A, Keess S. Photocatalysis in the Life Science Industry. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2907-2980. [PMID: 34558888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the pursuit of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists in the life science industry require access to mild and robust synthetic methodologies to systematically modify chemical structures, explore novel chemical space, and enable efficient synthesis. In this context, photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful technology for the synthesis of complex and often highly functionalized molecules. This Review aims to summarize the published contributions to the field from the life science industry, including research from industrial-academic partnerships. An overview of the synthetic methodologies developed and strategic applications in chemical synthesis, including peptide functionalization, isotope labeling, and both DNA-encoded and traditional library synthesis, is provided, along with a summary of the state-of-the-art in photoreactor technology and the effective upscaling of photocatalytic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Candish
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karl D Collins
- Bayer Foundation, Public Affairs, Science and Sustainability, Bayer AG, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Science and Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anais Jolit
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Jiang D, Fang Z, Zhu N, Sun N, He W, Liu C, Zhao L, Guo K. Photomediated core modification of organic photoredox catalysts in radical addition: mechanism and applications. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9432-9441. [PMID: 34349917 PMCID: PMC8279010 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydrophenazines and their analogues have been widely used as strong reducing photoredox catalysts in radical chemistry, such as organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP). However, when dihydrophenazines were employed as organic photoredox catalysts (OPCs) to mediate O-ATRP, the initiator efficiency was nonquantitative due to cross-coupling between dihydrophenazines and radical species. Here, a new kind of core modification for dihydrophenazines, phenoxazines and phenothiazines was developed through this cross-coupling process. Mechanistic studies suggested that the radical species would be more likely to couple with OPC' radical cations rather than the ground-state OPC. Core modification of OPCs could stabilize the radical ions in an oxidative quenching catalytic cycle. Significantly, core modifications of OPCs could lower the energy of light required for photoexcitation. Compared with their noncore-modified counterparts, all the core-modified dihydrophenazines and phenoxazines exhibited efficient performance in controlling O-ATRP for the synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) with higher initiator efficiencies under the irradiation of simulated sunlight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
| | - Naixian Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
| | - Wei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
| | - Chengkou Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China +86 2558139901 +86 25581399301
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu Rd S. Nanjing 211816 China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Beutner GL, Simmons EM, Ayers S, Bemis CY, Goldfogel MJ, Joe CL, Marshall J, Wisniewski SR. A Process Chemistry Benchmark for sp 2-sp 3 Cross Couplings. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10380-10396. [PMID: 34255510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As sp2-sp3 disconnections gain acceptance in the medicinal chemist's toolbox, an increasing number of potential drug candidates containing this motif are moving into the pharmaceutical development pipeline. This raises a new set of questions and challenges around the novel, direct methodologies available for forging these bonds. These questions gain further importance in the context of process chemistry, where the focus is the development of scalable processes that enable the large-scale delivery of clinical supplies. In this paper, we describe our efforts to apply a wide variety of standard, photo-, and electrochemical sp2-sp3 cross-coupling methods to a pharmaceutically relevant intermediate and optimize each through a combination of high throughput and mechanistically guided experimentation. With data regarding the performance, benefits, and limitations of these novel methods, we evaluate them against a more traditional two-step palladium-catalyzed process. This work reveals trends and similarities between these sp2-sp3 bond-forming methods and suggests a path forward for further refinements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Beutner
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Eric M Simmons
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Sloan Ayers
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Christopher Y Bemis
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Matthew J Goldfogel
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Candice L Joe
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Jonathan Marshall
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Steven R Wisniewski
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Corbin DA, Puffer KO, Chism KA, Cole JP, Theriot JC, McCarthy BG, Buss BL, Lim CH, Lincoln SR, Newell BS, Miyake GM. Radical Addition to N, N-Diaryl Dihydrophenazine Photoredox Catalysts and Implications in Photoinduced Organocatalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021; 54:4507-4516. [PMID: 34483366 PMCID: PMC8411832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP) is a controlled radical polymerization methodology catalyzed by organic photoredox catalysts (PCs). In an efficient O-ATRP system, good control over molecular weight with an initiator efficiency (I* = M n,theo/M n,exp × 100%) near unity is achieved, and the synthesized polymers possess a low dispersity (Đ). N,N-Diaryl dihydrophenazine catalysts typically produce polymers with low dispersity (Đ < 1.3) but with less than unity molecular weight control (I* ~ 60-80%). This work explores the termination reactions that lead to decreased control over polymer molecular weight and identifies a reaction leading to radical addition to the phenazine core. This reaction can occur with radicals generated through reduction of the ATRP initiator or the polymer chain end. In addition to causing a decrease in I*, this reactivity modifies the properties of the PC, ultimately impacting polymerization control in O-ATRP. With this insight in mind, a new family of core-substituted N,N-diaryl dihydrophenazines is synthesized from commercially available ATRP initiators and employed in O-ATRP. These new core-substituted PCs improve both I* and Đ in the O-ATRP of MMA, while minimizing undesired side reactions during the polymerization. Further, the ability of one core-substituted PC to operate at low catalyst loadings is demonstrated, with minimal loss of polymerization control down to 100 ppm (weight average molecular weight [M w] = 10.8 kDa, Đ = 1.17, I* = 104% vs M w = 8.26, Đ = 1.10, I* = 107% at 1000 ppm) and signs of a controlled polymerization down to 10 ppm of the catalyst (M w = 12.1 kDa, Đ = 1.36, I* = 107%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Corbin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Katherine O Puffer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Katherine A Chism
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Justin P Cole
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jordan C Theriot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Blaine G McCarthy
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Bonnie L Buss
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | | | - Sarah R Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Brian S Newell
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Garret M Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yuan T, Zheng M, Antonietti M, Wang X. Ceramic boron carbonitrides for unlocking organic halides with visible light. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6323-6332. [PMID: 34084430 PMCID: PMC8115245 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01028j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Photochemistry provides a sustainable pathway for organic transformations by inducing radical intermediates from substrates through electron transfer process. However, progress is limited by heterogeneous photocatalysts that are required to be efficient, stable, and inexpensive for long-term operation with easy recyclability and product separation. Here, we report that boron carbonitride (BCN) ceramics are such a system and can reduce organic halides, including (het)aryl and alkyl halides, with visible light irradiation. Cross-coupling of halides to afford new C-H, C-C, and C-S bonds can proceed at ambient reaction conditions. Hydrogen, (het)aryl, and sulfonyl groups were introduced into the arenes and heteroarenes at the designed positions by means of mesolytic C-X (carbon-halogen) bond cleavage in the absence of any metal-based catalysts or ligands. BCN can be used not only for half reactions, like reduction reactions with a sacrificial agent, but also redox reactions through oxidative and reductive interfacial electron transfer. The BCN photocatalyst shows tolerance to different substituents and conserved activity after five recycles. The apparent metal-free system opens new opportunities for a wide range of organic catalysts using light energy and sustainable materials, which are metal-free, inexpensive and stable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Meifang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Colloid Chemistry, Research Campus Golm 14424 Potsdam Germany
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kalaitzakis D, Bosveli A, Sfakianaki K, Montagnon T, Vassilikogiannakis G. Multi-Photocatalyst Cascades: Merging Singlet Oxygen Photooxygenations with Photoredox Catalysis for the Synthesis of Alkaloid Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4335-4341. [PMID: 33119205 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of photocascades that rapidly transform simple and readily accessible furan substrates into polycyclic alkaloid frameworks or erythrina natural products is described. Each of the sequences developed makes use of photocatalyzed energy transfer processes, which generate singlet oxygen, to set up the substrates for the second photocatalyzed reaction, wherein electron transfer generates carbon-centered radicals for the cyclizations that give the final complex frameworks. A chemical switch has been developed that can "switch off" one photocatalyst; thus, allowing a second photocatalyst to take over control of the sequence. As a corollary, this strategy represents the first time it has been possible to use multiple photocatalysts in photocascades, and, as such, it expands significantly the reactions that can be included in such cascades and the order in which they can be initiated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Artemis Bosveli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Sfakianaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Tamsyn Montagnon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kalaitzakis D, Bosveli A, Sfakianaki K, Montagnon T, Vassilikogiannakis G. Multi‐Photocatalyst Cascades: Merging Singlet Oxygen Photooxygenations with Photoredox Catalysis for the Synthesis of Alkaloid Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Artemis Bosveli
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Kalliopi Sfakianaki
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Tamsyn Montagnon
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Das S, Murugesan K, Villegas Rodríguez GJ, Kaur J, Barham JP, Savateev A, Antonietti M, König B. Photocatalytic (Het)arylation of C(sp3)–H Bonds with Carbon Nitride. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Das
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kathiravan Murugesan
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joshua P. Barham
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Talukdar R. Tracking down the brominated single electron oxidants in recent organic red-ox transformations: photolysis and photocatalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8294-8345. [PMID: 33020775 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01652g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of organic and inorganic brominated compounds including molecular bromine have been extensively used as oxidants in many organic photo-redox transformations in recent years, an area of ever growing interest because of greener and milder approaches. The oxidation power of these compounds is utilized through both mechanistic pathways (by hydrogen atom transfer or HAT in the absence of a photocatalyst and a combination of single electron transfer or SET and/or HAT in the presence of a photocatalyst). Not only as terminal oxidants for regeneration of photocatalysts, but brominated reactants have also contributed to the oxidation of the reaction intermediate(s) to carry on the radical chain process in several reactions. Here in this review mainly the non-brominative oxidative product formations are discussed, carried out since the last two decades, skipping the instances where they acted as terminal oxidants only to regenerate photocatalysts. The reactions are used to generate natural products, pharmaceuticals and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranadeep Talukdar
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu Q, Nocera DG. Photocatalytic Hydromethylation and Hydroalkylation of Olefins Enabled by Titanium Dioxide Mediated Decarboxylation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17913-17918. [PMID: 32945670 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A versatile method for the hydromethylation and hydroalkylation of alkenes at room temperature is achieved by using the photooxidative redox capacity of the valence band of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2). Mechanistic studies support a radical-based mechanism involving the photoexcitation of TiO2 with 390 nm light in the presence of acetic acid and other carboxylic acids to generate methyl and alkyl radicals, respectively, without the need for stoichiometric base. This protocol is accepting of a broad scope of alkene and carboxylic acids, including challenging ones that produce highly reactive primary alkyl radicals and those containing functional groups that are susceptible to nucleophilic substitution such as alkyl halides. This methodology highlights the utility of using heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalysts such as TiO2 for promoting challenging organic syntheses that rely on highly reactive intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qilei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2902, United States
| | - Daniel G Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138-2902, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sosoe J, Cruché C, Morin É, Collins SK. Evaluating heteroleptic copper(I)-based complexes bearing π-extended diimines in different photocatalytic processes. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of 12 new copper-based photocatalysts of the type Cu(N^N)(P^P)BF4 were synthesized bearing π-extended diimine ligands. The complexes have red shifted absorptions and larger extinction coefficients than complexes prepared with a parent diimine, dmp. The complexes were evaluated for their ability to promote three different photochemical transformations. Although the complexes were inactive in a reductive PCET process, the complexes afforded good yields in both SET and ET processes. Interestingly, homoleptic copper-complexes derived from the π-extended diimines were significantly more active in SET processes than analogous complexes with simpler diimines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Sosoe
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Corentin Cruché
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Émilie Morin
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shawn K. Collins
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Leng L, Fu Y, Liu P, Ready JM. Regioselective, Photocatalytic α-Functionalization of Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11972-11977. [PMID: 32573218 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic α-functionalization of amines provides a mild and atom-economical means to synthesize α-branched amines. Prior examples featured symmetrical or electronically biased substrates. Here we report a controllable α-functionalization of amines in which regioselectivity can be tuned with minor changes to the reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Leng
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Joseph M Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mo Y, Lu Z, Rughoobur G, Patil P, Gershenfeld N, Akinwande AI, Buchwald SL, Jensen KF. Microfluidic electrochemistry for single-electron transfer redox-neutral reactions. Science 2020; 368:1352-1357. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aba3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Mo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhaohong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Girish Rughoobur
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Prashant Patil
- Center for Bits and Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Neil Gershenfeld
- Center for Bits and Atoms, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Akintunde I. Akinwande
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghosh I, Khamrai J, Savateev A, Shlapakov N, Antonietti M, König B. Organic semiconductor photocatalyst can bifunctionalize arenes and heteroarenes. Science 2020; 365:360-366. [PMID: 31346061 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw3254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photoexcited electron-hole pairs on a semiconductor surface can engage in redox reactions with two different substrates. Similar to conventional electrosynthesis, the primary redox intermediates afford only separate oxidized and reduced products or, more rarely, combine to one addition product. Here, we report that a stable organic semiconductor material, mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN), can act as a visible-light photoredox catalyst to orchestrate oxidative and reductive interfacial electron transfers to two different substrates in a two- or three-component system for direct twofold carbon-hydrogen functionalization of arenes and heteroarenes. The mpg-CN catalyst tolerates reactive radicals and strong nucleophiles, is straightforwardly recoverable by simple centrifugation of reaction mixtures, and is reusable for at least four catalytic transformations with conserved activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Ghosh
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jagadish Khamrai
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nikita Shlapakov
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Burkhard König
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Siddiqui R, Ali R. Recent developments in photoredox-catalyzed remote ortho and para C-H bond functionalizations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:248-280. [PMID: 32180843 PMCID: PMC7059497 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the research area of direct C-H bond functionalizations was growing exponentially not only due to the ubiquity of inert C-H bonds in diverse organic compounds, including bioactive natural and nonnatural products, but also due to its impact on the discovery of pharmaceutical candidates and the total synthesis of intricate natural products. On the other hand, more recently, the field of photoredox catalysis has become an indispensable and unparalleled research topic in modern synthetic organic chemistry for the constructions of challenging bonds, having the foremost scope in academia, pharmacy, and industry. Therefore, the development of green, simpler, and effective methodologies to accomplish direct C-H bond functionalization is well overdue and highly desirable to the scientific community. In this review, we mainly highlight the impact on, and the utility of, photoredox catalysts in inert ortho and para C-H bond functionalizations. Although a surge of research papers, including reviews, demonstrating C-H functionalizations have been published in this vital area of research, to our best knowledge, this is the first review that focuses on ortho and para C-H functionalizations by photoredox catalysis to provide atom- and step-economic organic transformations. We are certain that this review will act as a promoter to highlight the application of photoredox catalysts for the functionalization of inert bonds in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafia Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pan Z, Liu Y, Hu F, Liu Q, Shang W, Xia C. Photochemical α-carboxyalkylation of tryptophols and tryptamines via C–H functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4930-4933. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00847h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A process for the α-carboxyalkylation of tryptophols and tryptamines by the functionalization of C–H bonds under visible light irradiation has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province)
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Yuchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province)
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Fengchi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province)
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Qinglong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province)
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province)
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- China
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province)
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Connell TU, Fraser CL, Czyz ML, Smith ZM, Hayne DJ, Doeven EH, Agugiaro J, Wilson DJD, Adcock JL, Scully AD, Gómez DE, Barnett NW, Polyzos A, Francis PS. The Tandem Photoredox Catalysis Mechanism of [Ir(ppy)2(dtb-bpy)]+ Enabling Access to Energy Demanding Organic Substrates. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17646-17658. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine L. Fraser
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Milena L. Czyz
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Zoe M. Smith
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - David J. Hayne
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Egan H. Doeven
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Johnny Agugiaro
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - David J. D. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Jacqui L. Adcock
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | | | - Daniel E. Gómez
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Neil W. Barnett
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Paul S. Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Swift
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang L, Zhang JY, Duan XH, Gao P, Jiao J, Guo LN. Copper-Catalyzed Cyanoalkylation of Amines via C–C Bond Cleavage: An Approach for C(sp3)–N Bond Formations. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8615-8629. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Pin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jespersen D, Keen B, Day JI, Singh A, Briles J, Mullins D, Weaver JD. Solubility of Iridium and Ruthenium Organometallic Photoredox Catalysts. Org Process Res Dev 2019; 23:1087-1095. [PMID: 31396008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the exponential growth of the field of photocatalysis, for reasons that are not entirely clear, these precious photocatalysts are often used in the literature at loadings that exceed their maximum solubility. On an industrial scale, the quantity of any precious metal catalyst can be a substantial financial burden or a sourcing issue, not to mention concerns as to the ecological and earth abundance of these catalysts. We believe that inattention to solubility has made these reactions appear less efficient than they actually are, because much of the photocatalyst remains undissolved. Therefore, the maximum solubilities of iridium and ruthenium centered photocatalysts have been systematically identified in industrially relevant solvents. Further, a literature photocatalytic reaction which our results suggested was beyond the maximum solubility has been revisited, with interesting results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jespersen
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Brockton Keen
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Jon I Day
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Weaver Labs, LLC., 1414 S. Sangre Rd., #204, Stillwater, OK 74074
| | - Justin Briles
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Duncan Mullins
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Jimmie D Weaver
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States.,Weaver Labs, LLC., 1414 S. Sangre Rd., #204, Stillwater, OK 74074
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Magallanes G, Kärkäs MD, Bosque I, Lee S, Maldonado S, Stephenson CRJ. Selective C–O Bond Cleavage of Lignin Systems and Polymers Enabled by Sequential Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation and Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Magallanes
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Markus D. Kärkäs
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irene Bosque
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sudarat Lee
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Stephen Maldonado
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Program in Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sultan S, Shah BA. Carbon‐Carbon and Carbon‐Heteroatom Bond Formation Reactions Using Unsaturated Carbon Compounds. CHEM REC 2018; 19:644-660. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Sultan
- Natural Product Chemistry Division and AcSIRCSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu- 180001
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Natural Product Chemistry Division and AcSIRCSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu- 180001
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Föll T, Rehbein J, Reiser O. Ir(ppy)3-Catalyzed, Visible-Light-Mediated Reaction of α-Chloro Cinnamates with Enol Acetates: An Apparent Halogen Paradox. Org Lett 2018; 20:5794-5798. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Föll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Rehbein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
O'Brien CJ, Droege DG, Jiu AY, Gandhi SS, Paras NA, Olson SH, Conrad J. Photoredox Cyanomethylation of Indoles: Catalyst Modification and Mechanism. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8926-8935. [PMID: 29940725 PMCID: PMC6097937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The direct cyanomethylation of indoles at the 2- or 3-position was achieved via photoredox catalysis. The versatile nitrile synthon is introduced as a radical generated from bromoacetonitrile, a photocatalyst, and blue LED as a light source. The mechanism of the reaction is explored by determination of the Stern-Volmer quenching constants. By combining photophysical data and mass spectrometry to follow the catalyst decomposition, the catalyst ligands were tuned to enable synthetically useful yields of radical coupling products. A range of indole substrates with alkyl, aryl, halogen, ester, and ether functional groups participate in the reaction, affording products in 16-90% yields. The reaction allows the rapid construction of synthetically useful cyanomethylindoles, products that otherwise require several synthetic steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connor J O'Brien
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Daniel G Droege
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Alexander Y Jiu
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Shivaani S Gandhi
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Nick A Paras
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Steven H Olson
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| | - Jay Conrad
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (IND), UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ouyang XH, Hu C, Song RJ, Li JH. [4 + 2] Annulation Cascades of 2-Bromo-1-arylpropan-1-ones with Terminal Alkynes Involving C–Br/C–H Functionalization. Org Lett 2018; 20:4659-4662. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Hui Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jenks TC, Bailey MD, Corbin BA, Kuda-Wedagedara ANW, Martin PD, Schlegel HB, Rabuffetti FA, Allen MJ. Photophysical characterization of a highly luminescent divalent-europium-containing azacryptate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4545-4548. [PMID: 29662990 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report a new luminescent EuII-containing complex. The complex is excited with visible light, leading to emission centered at 447 nm with a lifetime of 1.25 μs. Computational studies suggest that the steric bulk of the ligand is a major factor influencing the wavelength of emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler C Jenks
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Nebe MM, Loeper D, Fürmeyer F, Opatz T. Visible-Light Organophotoredox-Catalyzed Synthesis of Precursors for Horner-Type Olefinations. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco M. Nebe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Daniel Loeper
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Fabian Fürmeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Minozzi C, Caron A, Grenier-Petel JC, Santandrea J, Collins SK. Heteroleptic Copper(I)-Based Complexes for Photocatalysis: Combinatorial Assembly, Discovery, and Optimization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5477-5481. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Minozzi
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Antoine Caron
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Grenier-Petel
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Jeffrey Santandrea
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Shawn K. Collins
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Minozzi C, Caron A, Grenier-Petel JC, Santandrea J, Collins SK. Heteroleptic Copper(I)-Based Complexes for Photocatalysis: Combinatorial Assembly, Discovery, and Optimization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Minozzi
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Antoine Caron
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Grenier-Petel
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Jeffrey Santandrea
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Shawn K. Collins
- Department of Chemistry, and Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Station Downtown Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang YJ, Li WT, Jiao L. A Convenient Method for the Direct Acquisition of Kinetic Rate Data for Catalytic Organic Reactions by Gas Uptake Measurements. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS); Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 10084 China
| | - Wei-Tang Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS); Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 10084 China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS); Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 10084 China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Miloserdov FM, Kirillova MS, Muratore ME, Echavarren AM. Unified Total Synthesis of Pyrroloazocine Indole Alkaloids Sheds Light on Their Biosynthetic Relationship. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5393-5400. [PMID: 29432680 PMCID: PMC5920919 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of seven members of the lapidilectine and grandilodine family of alkaloids has been accomplished in racemic and enantiopure form without protection/deprotection of functional groups. The two key steps, an 8- endo-dig hydroarylation and a 6- exo-trig photoredox cyclization, were catalyzed using gold. A rationale for the formation of the cyclopropane ring of the lundurines is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor M Miloserdov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Mariia S Kirillova
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Michael E Muratore
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Av. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain.,Departament de Química Orgànica i Analítica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Richrath RB, Olyschläger T, Hildebrandt S, Enny DG, Fianu GD, Flowers RA, Gansäuer A. Cp 2 TiX Complexes for Sustainable Catalysis in Single-Electron Steps. Chemistry 2018; 24:6371-6379. [PMID: 29327511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We present a combined electrochemical, kinetic, and synthetic study with a novel and easily accessible class of titanocene catalysts for catalysis in single-electron steps. The tailoring of the electronic properties of our Cp2 TiX-catalysts that are prepared in situ from readily available Cp2 TiX2 is achieved by varying the anionic ligand X. Of the complexes investigated, Cp2 TiOMs proved to be either equal or substantially superior to the best catalysts developed earlier. The kinetic and thermodynamic properties pertinent to catalysis have been determined. They allow a mechanistic understanding of the subtle interplay of properties required for an efficient oxidative addition and reduction. Therefore, our study highlights that efficient catalysts do not require the elaborate covalent modification of the cyclopentadienyl ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben B Richrath
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Theresa Olyschläger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Hildebrandt
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel G Enny
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Godfred D Fianu
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Robert A Flowers
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Teegardin KA, Weaver JD. Preparation of Fac-Tris(2-Phenylpyridinato) Iridium(III). ORGANIC SYNTHESES; AN ANNUAL PUBLICATION OF SATISFACTORY METHODS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS 2018; 95:29-45. [PMID: 29962554 PMCID: PMC6022758 DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.95.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kip A Teegardin
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078
| | - Jimmie D Weaver
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhu CY, Zhang YQ, Liao RZ, Xia W, Hu JC, Wu J, Liu H, Wang F. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and formate by a novel Co(ii) catalyst containing a cis-oxygen atom: photocatalysis and DFT calculations. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13142-13150. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel CoN4-complex containing an oxygen atom at cis-coordination site enables to convert CO2 to CO and formate in a photocatalytic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Wu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Jun-Chao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Jin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lima F, Grunenberg L, Rahman HBA, Labes R, Sedelmeier J, Ley SV. Organic photocatalysis for the radical couplings of boronic acid derivatives in batch and flow. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5606-5609. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02169d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A convenient organo-photocataytic approach to the radical couplings of boronic acid derivatives is described and applied for APIs synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Lima
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Lensfield Road
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | - Lars Grunenberg
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Lensfield Road
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Ricardo Labes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Lensfield Road
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| | | | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Lensfield Road
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
| |
Collapse
|