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Chen G, Gallegos MJ, Soetrisno DD, Vekilov PG, Conrad JC. A minimal colloid model of solution crystallization nucleates crystals classically. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2575-2583. [PMID: 38415982 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01609a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
A fundamental assumption of the classical theories of crystal nucleation is that the individual molecules from the "old" phase associate to an emerging nucleus individually and sequentially. Numerous recent studies of crystal nucleation in solution have revealed nonclassical pathways, whereby crystal nuclei are hosted and fed by amorphous clusters pre-formed in the solution. A sizable knowledge gap has persisted, however, in the definition of the molecular-level parameters that direct a solute towards classical or nonclassical nucleation. Here we construct a suspension of colloid particles of hydrodynamic diameter 1.1 μm and monitor their individual motions towards a quasi-two-dimensional crystal by scanning confocal microscopy. We combine electrostatic repulsion and polymer-induced attraction to obtain a simple isotropic pair interaction potential with a single attractive minimum of tunable depth between 1.2kBT and 2.7kBT. We find that even the smallest aggregates that form in this system structure as hexagonal two-dimensional crystals and grow and maturate by the association and exchange of single particles from the solution, signature behaviors during classical nucleation. The particles in the suspension equilibrate with those in the clusters and the volume fractions of suspensions at equilibrium correspond to straightforward thermodynamic predictions based on depth of the interparticle attraction. These results demonstrate that classical nucleation is selected by particles interacting with a minimal potential and present a benchmark for future modifications of the molecular interactions that may induce nonclassical nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Chen
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Mariah J Gallegos
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Diego D Soetrisno
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Peter G Vekilov
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA.
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2
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Ouyang W, Zou S, Zhong J, Xu S. Template-induced crystallization of charged colloids: a molecular dynamics study. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6329-6340. [PMID: 37564036 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00872j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
By using a large enough number of particles and implementing a parallel algorithm on the CUDA platform, we have performed brute-force molecular dynamics simulations to study the template-induced heterogeneous crystallization in charged colloids. Six kinds of templates, whose patterns include the planes of fcc(100), fcc(110), fcc(111), bcc(100), bcc(110) and bcc(111), have been implanted into the middle of the simulation box. Except the fcc(111) template, whose structure benefits not only fcc but also hcp crystals resulting in a similar behavior to homogeneous crystallization, bcc-type templates favor the formation of bcc crystals and bcc-like precursors while fcc-type templates favor the formation of fcc crystals and fcc-like precursors. Therefore, for fcc(100) and fcc(110) templates, heterogeneous crystallization will definitely result in a fcc crystallite. However, the results of heterogeneous crystallization that are induced by bcc-type templates are subtly different at different state points. At the state points where the interaction strength of charged colloids is weak and the fcc phase is thermodynamically stable, the bcc crystals formed with the promotion of bcc-type templates are not stable so as to tend to transform into fcc or hcp crystals. When the interaction strength of charged colloids is high, the predominant bcc crystals formed with the promotion of bcc-type templates can always persist within the time scale of simulation although not bcc but fcc crystals are thermodynamically stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Shuangyang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jun Zhong
- College of Materials Engineering, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Shenghua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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Gispen W, Dijkstra M. Kinetic Phase Diagram for Nucleation and Growth of Competing Crystal Polymorphs in Charged Colloids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:098002. [PMID: 36083657 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.098002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We determine the kinetic phase diagram for nucleation and growth of crystal phases in a suspension of charged colloids. Exploiting the seeding approach in extensive simulations, we calculate nucleation barrier heights for face-centered cubic (fcc) and body-centered cubic (bcc) phases for varying screening lengths and supersaturations. We determine for the entire metastable fluid region the crystal polymorph with the lowest nucleation barrier, and find a regime close to the triple point where metastable bcc can form due to a lower nucleation barrier, even though fcc is the stable phase. For higher supersaturation, we find that the difference in barrier heights decreases and we observe a mix of hexagonal close-packed, fcc, and bcc structures in the growth of crystalline seeds as well as in spontaneously formed crystals. Our kinetic phase diagram rationalizes the different crystallization mechanisms observed in previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Gispen
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlands
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4
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Schwarz J, Leiderer P, Palberg T. Salt-concentration-dependent nucleation rates in low-metastability colloidal charged sphere melts containing small amounts of doublets. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:064607. [PMID: 35030906 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.064607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We determined bulk crystal nucleation rates in aqueous suspensions of charged spheres at low metastability. Experiments were performed in dependence on electrolyte concentration and for two different particle number densities. The time-dependent nucleation rate shows a pronounced initial peak, while postsolidification crystal size distributions are skewed towards larger crystallite sizes. At each concentration, the nucleation rate density initially drops exponentially with increasing salt concentration. The full data set, however, shows an unexpected scaling of the nucleation rate densities with metastability times the number density of particles. Parameterization of our results in terms of classical nucleation theory reveals unusually low interfacial free energies of the nucleus surfaces and nucleation barriers well below the thermal energy. We tentatively attribute our observations to the presence of doublets introduced by the employed conditioning technique. We discuss the conditions under which such small seeds may induce nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schwarz
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Leiderer
- Fachbereicht Physik, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - T Palberg
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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5
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Gao Q, Ai J, Tang S, Li M, Chen Y, Huang J, Tong H, Xu L, Xu L, Tanaka H, Tan P. Fast crystal growth at ultra-low temperatures. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1431-1439. [PMID: 33958770 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is believed that the slow liquid diffusion and geometric frustration brought by a rapid, deep quench inhibit fast crystallization and promote vitrification. Here we report fast crystal growth in charged colloidal systems under deep supercooling, where liquid diffusion is extremely low. By combining experiments and simulations, we show that this process occurs via wall-induced barrierless ordering consisting of two coupled steps: the step-like advancement of the rough interface that disintegrates frustration, followed by defect repairing inside the newly formed solid phase. The former is a diffusionless collective process, whereas the latter controls crystal quality. We further show that the intrinsic mechanical instability of a disordered glassy state subject to the crystal growth front allows for domino-like fast crystal growth even at ultra-low temperatures. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of fast crystal growth and may be useful for applications related to vitrification prevention and crystal-quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingdong Ai
- International Centre for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Tong
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Limei Xu
- International Centre for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Peng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Hussain S, Haji-Akbari A. Studying rare events using forward-flux sampling: Recent breakthroughs and future outlook. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:060901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5127780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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7
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James D, Beairsto S, Hartt C, Zavalov O, Saika-Voivod I, Bowles RK, Poole PH. Phase transitions in fluctuations and their role in two-step nucleation. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:074501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5057429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniella James
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Seamus Beairsto
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Carmen Hartt
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Oleksandr Zavalov
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Ivan Saika-Voivod
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Richard K. Bowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan 57N 5C9, Canada
| | - Peter H. Poole
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
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8
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Kryuchkov NP, Khrapak SA, Yurchenko SO. Thermodynamics of two-dimensional Yukawa systems across coupling regimes. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:134702. [PMID: 28390340 DOI: 10.1063/1.4979325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermodynamics of two-dimensional Yukawa (screened Coulomb or Debye-Hückel) systems is studied systematically using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Simulations cover very broad parameter range spanning from weakly coupled gaseous states to strongly coupled fluid and crystalline states. Important thermodynamic quantities, such as internal energy and pressure, are obtained and accurate physically motivated fits are proposed. This allows us to put forward simple practical expressions to describe thermodynamic properties of two-dimensional Yukawa systems. For crystals, in addition to numerical simulations, the recently developed shortest-graph interpolation method is applied to describe pair correlations and hence thermodynamic properties. It is shown that the finite-temperature effects can be accounted for by using simple correction of peaks in the pair correlation function. The corresponding correction coefficients are evaluated using MD simulation. The relevance of the obtained results in the context of colloidal systems, complex (dusty) plasmas, and ions absorbed to interfaces in electrolytes is pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita P Kryuchkov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A Khrapak
- CNRS, PIIM, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France; Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany; and Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav O Yurchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
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9
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Ji X, Sun Z, Ouyang W, Xu S. Crystal nucleation and metastable bcc phase in charged colloids: A molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:174904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5016235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenze Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shenghua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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10
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Zakhari MEA, Anderson PD, Hütter M. Effect of particle-size dynamics on properties of dense spongy-particle systems: Approach towards equilibrium. Phys Rev E 2018; 96:012604. [PMID: 29347218 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.012604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Open-porous deformable particles, often envisaged as sponges, are ubiquitous in biological and industrial systems (e.g., casein micelles in dairy products and microgels in cosmetics). The rich behavior of these suspensions is owing to the elasticity of the supporting network of the particle, and the viscosity of permeating solvent. Therefore, the rate-dependent size change of these particles depends on their structure, i.e., the permeability. This work aims at investigating the effect of the particle-size dynamics and the underlying particle structure, i.e., the particle permeability, on the transient and long-time behavior of suspensions of spongy particles in the absence of applied deformation, using the dynamic two-scale model developed by Hütter et al. [Farad. Discuss. 158, 407 (2012)1359-664010.1039/c2fd20025b]. In the high-density limit, the transient behavior is found to be accelerated by the particle-size dynamics, even at average size changes as small as 1%. The accelerated dynamics is evidenced by (i) the higher short-time diffusion coefficient as compared to elastic-particle systems and (ii) the accelerated formation of the stable fcc crystal structure. Furthermore, after long times, the particle-size dynamics of spongy particles is shown to result in lower stationary values of the energy and normal stresses as compared to elastic-particle systems. This dependence of the long-time behavior of these systems on the permeability, that essentially is a transport coefficient and hence must not affect the equilibrium properties, confirms that full equilibration has not been reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica E A Zakhari
- Polymer Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick D Anderson
- Polymer Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Hütter
- Polymer Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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11
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Niu R, Heidt S, Sreij R, Dekker RI, Hofmann M, Palberg T. Formation of a transient amorphous solid in low density aqueous charged sphere suspensions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17044. [PMID: 29213089 PMCID: PMC5719089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal glasses formed from hard spheres, nearly hard spheres, ellipsoids and platelets or their attractive variants, have been studied in great detail. Complementing and constraining theoretical approaches and simulations, the many different types of model systems have significantly advanced our understanding of the glass transition in general. Despite their early prediction, however, no experimental charged sphere glasses have been found at low density, where the competing process of crystallization prevails. We here report the formation of a transient amorphous solid formed from charged polymer spheres suspended in thoroughly deionized water at volume fractions of 0.0002-0.01. From optical experiments, we observe the presence of short-range order and an enhanced shear rigidity as compared to the stable polycrystalline solid of body centred cubic structure. On a density dependent time scale of hours to days, the amorphous solid transforms into this stable structure. We further present preliminary dynamic light scattering data showing the evolution of a second slow relaxation process possibly pointing to a dynamic heterogeneity known from other colloidal glasses and gels. We compare our findings to the predicted phase behaviour of charged sphere suspensions and discuss possible mechanisms for the formation of this peculiar type of colloidal glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Niu
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55099, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Heidt
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ramsia Sreij
- Department of Chemistry Physical and Biophysical Chemistry (PC III), Bielefeld University, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Riande I Dekker
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, NL-3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Hofmann
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Palberg
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Desgranges C, Delhommelle J. Free energy calculations along entropic pathways. II. Droplet nucleation in binary mixtures. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:234505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4972011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Desgranges
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
| | - Jerome Delhommelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
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13
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He X, Shen Y, Hung FR, Santiso EE. Heterogeneous nucleation from a supercooled ionic liquid on a carbon surface. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211919. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4963336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia He
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Yan Shen
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Francisco R. Hung
- Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
- Center for Computation & Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Erik E. Santiso
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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14
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Herlach DM, Palberg T, Klassen I, Klein S, Kobold R. Overview: Experimental studies of crystal nucleation: Metals and colloids. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4963684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter M. Herlach
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Palberg
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ina Klassen
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
- Projektträger Jülich, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Klein
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
| | - Raphael Kobold
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170 Köln, Germany
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15
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Russo J, Tanaka H. Crystal nucleation as the ordering of multiple order parameters. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211801. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4962166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John Russo
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TW, United Kingdom
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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16
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Desgranges C, Delhommelle J. Free energy calculations along entropic pathways. I. Homogeneous vapor-liquid nucleation for atomic and molecular systems. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204112. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4968231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Desgranges
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
| | - Jerome Delhommelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
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17
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Yurchenko SO, Kryuchkov NP, Ivlev AV. Interpolation method for pair correlations in classical crystals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:235401. [PMID: 27157408 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/23/235401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Effects of anharmonicity on the pair correlation function of classical crystals are studied. The recently proposed shortest-graph approach using the Gaussian representation of the individual correlation peaks (the peak width is determined by the length of the shortest graph connecting a given pair of particles) is further improved, to account for anharmonic corrections due to finite temperatures and hard-sphere-like interactions. Two major effects are identified, leading to a modification of the correlation peaks at large or short distances: (i) the peaks at large distances, well described by Gaussians, should be calculated from the finite-temperature phonon spectra; (ii) at short distances, the correlation peaks deviate significantly from the Gaussian form due to the lattice discreteness. We propose the analytical interpolation method, based on the shortest-graph approach, which includes both effects. By employing the molecular dynamics simulations, the accuracy of the method is verified for three- and two-dimensional crystals with the Yukawa, inverse-power-law, and pseudo-hard-sphere pair interactions. The capabilities of the method are demonstrated by calculating the phase diagram of a three-dimensional Yukawa system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav O Yurchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Li YW, Sun ZY. The relationship between local density and bond-orientational order during crystallization of the Gaussian core model. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2009-2016. [PMID: 26777751 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02712h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Whether nucleation is triggered by density or by bond-orientational order is one of the most hotly debated issues in recent investigations of the crystallization process. Here, we present a numerical study of the relationship between them for soft particles within the isothermal-isobaric ensemble. We compress the system and thus obtain the fluid-solid transition. By investigating locally dense-packed particles and particles with a relatively high bond-orientational order in the compressing process, we find a sharp increase of the spatial correlations for both densely packed particles and highly bond-orientational ordered particles at the phase transition point, which provide new characterization methods for the liquid-crystal transition. We also find that it is the bond-orientational order rather than density that triggers the nucleation process. The relationship between the local density and the bond-orientational order parameter is strongly affected by the characterization methods used. The local bond order parameter (q6) shows clear correlation with the local density (ρ) in the fluid stage, while the coarse-grained form (q[combining macron]6) does not correlate with ρ at all, owing to the comparable spatial scales of q6 and ρ. Nevertheless, q[combining macron]6 shows an obvious advantage in distinguishing between solid and liquid particles in our work. These results may elevate our understanding of the mechanism of the crystallization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
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19
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Palberg T, Wette P, Herlach DM. Equilibrium fluid-crystal interfacial free energy of bcc-crystallizing aqueous suspensions of polydisperse charged spheres. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:022601. [PMID: 26986371 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.022601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial free energy is a central quantity in crystallization from the metastable melt. In suspensions of charged colloidal spheres, nucleation and growth kinetics can be accurately measured from optical experiments. In previous work, from these data effective nonequilibrium values for the interfacial free energy between the emerging bcc nuclei and the adjacent melt in dependence on the chemical potential difference between melt phase and crystal phase were derived using classical nucleation theory (CNT). A strictly linear increase of the interfacial free energy was observed as a function of increased metastability. Here, we further analyze these data for five aqueous suspensions of charged spheres and one binary mixture. We utilize a simple extrapolation scheme and interpret our findings in view of Turnbull's empirical rule. This enables us to present the first systematic experimental estimates for a reduced interfacial free energy, σ(0,bcc), between the bcc-crystal phase and the coexisting equilibrium fluid. Values obtained for σ(0,bcc) are on the order of a few k(B)T. Their values are not correlated to any of the electrostatic interaction parameters but rather show a systematic decrease with increasing size polydispersity and a lower value for the mixture as compared to the pure components. At the same time, σ(0) also shows an approximately linear correlation to the entropy of freezing. The equilibrium interfacial free energy of strictly monodisperse charged spheres may therefore be still greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Palberg
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrick Wette
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51147 Köln, Germany
- Space Administration, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 53227 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter M Herlach
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51147 Köln, Germany
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Pan SP, Feng SD, Qiao JW, Wang WM, Qin JY. Crystallization pathways of liquid-bcc transition for a model iron by fast quenching. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16956. [PMID: 26581525 PMCID: PMC4652240 DOI: 10.1038/srep16956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We report simulations on the local structural evolution in the liquid-bcc transition of a model iron. Fourteen main Voronoi polyhedra are chosen as the representatives of short-range orders (SROs) and their transformations during crystallization are also investigated. Thus, the crystallization pathways for the main SROs are drawn. Our results also show that the transformations between two SROs in the crystallization pathways can be classified into two categories, first the enlargement of coordination number, second the transformation of local symmetry from five-fold to four-fold. The former reduces the potential energy while the latter increases it. It is found that the potential energy cannot decease monotonously whatever crystallization pathway is chosen to transform the icosahedral SRO to bcc SRO. Therefore, the latter transformation might provide the energy barrier of crystallization. We propose two transformation styles among SROs. All the transformations in the crystallization pathways can be achieved according to the styles. Moreover, the two transformation styles indicates that the bcc structure is more similar to liquid than other crystals. That might be the reason why the first phase nucleated during a rapid cooling process should be bcc crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Peng Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.,Shanxi key laboratory of advanced magnesium-based materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Shi-Dong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jun-Wei Qiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.,Shanxi key laboratory of advanced magnesium-based materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Wei-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jing-Yu Qin
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Zhou H, Xu S, Sun Z, Zhu R. Shear moduli in bcc-fcc structure transition of colloidal crystals. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:144903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4932684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shenghua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ruzeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Beyer R, Franke M, Schöpe HJ, Bartsch E, Palberg T. From nuclei to micro-structure in colloidal crystallization: Investigating intermediate length scales by small angle laser light scattering. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:064903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4928370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Beyer
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Franke
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Eckhard Bartsch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Palberg
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Zhou H, Qin Y, Xu S, Sun Z. Crystallization Kinetics of Concurrent Liquid-Metastable and Metastable-Stable Transitions, and Ostwald's Step Rule. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:7204-7209. [PMID: 26079145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Experimental measurements of colloidal crystallization in a wide range of volume fractions of charged particles were performed to investigate the liquid-metastable-stable transition process. To fit the obtained experimental data, we developed a theoretical model to formulate the kinetics of the concurrent liquid-metastable and metastable-stable transitions. This model is well-supported by our observations. We found that when the ratio of the metastable-stable transition rate to the liquid-metastable rate is very large, the metastable state can become undetectable, although it still exists, offering a possible explanation for very few exceptions to Ostwald's step rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhou
- †Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- ‡National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Qin
- †Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- ‡National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- §College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghua Xu
- †Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- ‡National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- †Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- ‡National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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