1
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Zhao Y, Zhang W, Van Devener B, Bunch TD, Zhou A, Isom SC. In-situ characterization of porcine fibroblasts in response to silver ions by Raman spectroscopy and liquid scanning transmission electron microscopy. Talanta 2022; 246:123522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Katsara K, Psatha K, Kenanakis G, Aivaliotis M, Papadakis VM. Subtyping on Live Lymphoma Cell Lines by Raman Spectroscopy. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020546. [PMID: 35057267 PMCID: PMC8778083 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a well-defined spectroscopic technique sensitive to the molecular vibrations of materials, since it provides fingerprint-like information regarding the molecular structure of the analyzed samples. It has been extensively used for non-destructive and label-free cell characterization, particularly in the qualitative and quantitative estimation of amino acids, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Lymphoma cell classification is a crucial task for accurate and prompt lymphoma diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Currently, it is mostly based on limited information and requires costly and time-consuming approaches. In this work, we are proposing a fast characterization and differentiation methodology of lymphoma cell subtypes based on Raman spectroscopy. The study was performed in the temperature range of 15-37 °C to identify the best cell measurement conditions. The proposed methodology is fast, accurate, and requires minimal sample preparation, resulting in a potentially promising, non-invasive strategy for early and accurate cell lymphoma characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klytaimnistra Katsara
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.K.); (K.P.); (M.A.)
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry Section, University of Crete, Andrea Kalokerinou, GR-71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantina Psatha
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.K.); (K.P.); (M.A.)
| | - George Kenanakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Michalis Aivaliotis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.K.); (K.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Vassilis M. Papadakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, N. Plastira 100, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.K.); (K.P.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-28-1039-1267
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3
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Tsikritsis D, Legge EJ, Belsey NA. Practical considerations for quantitative and reproducible measurements with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Analyst 2022; 147:4642-4656. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00817c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review presents the most important practical considerations for sample preparation, instrument set-up, image acquisition and data analysis to obtain reproducible SRS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikritsis
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Elizabeth J. Legge
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Natalie A. Belsey
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
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4
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Chen W, Xu S, Wang X, Wei G, Hong Q, Huang H, Yu Y. Single cell detection using intracellularly-grown-Au-nanoparticle based surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy for nasopharyngeal cell line classification. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3147-3153. [PMID: 34159968 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00554e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying intracellularly-grown-Au-nanoparticle (IGAuNP)-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology to classify two types of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cell lines (CNE2 and CNE1). The IGAuNP technology provides excellent delivery efficiency of Au NPs to the cytoplasm and nucleus, thus leading to an extraordinary enhancement of the Raman signals of cells. Compared with normal Raman scattering (NRS) spectra of cells, IGAuNP-based SERS spectra not only have a high signal-to-noise ratio, but also can detect more characteristic Raman peaks, which can be used to explore more differences when comparing the biochemical components of different nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines. Based on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) analysis of SERS spectral data, an exciting result with a diagnostic sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 100%, could be achieved to differentiate CNE2 and CNE1 cells, which is better than the result obtained by NRS spectroscopy. This exploratory study indicated that the SERS technology based on IGAuNPs in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis methods has great potential in the identification of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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5
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Ramya AN, Arya JS, Madhukrishnan M, Shamjith S, Vidyalekshmi MS, Maiti KK. Raman Imaging: An Impending Approach Towards Cancer Diagnosis. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:409-422. [PMID: 33443291 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In accordance with the recent studies, Raman spectroscopy is well experimented as a highly sensitive analytical and imaging technique in biomedical research, mainly for various disease diagnosis including cancer. In comparison with other imaging modalities, Raman spectroscopy facilitate numerous assistances owing to its low background signal, immense spatial resolution, high chemical specificity, multiplexing capability, excellent photo stability and non-invasive detection capability. In cancer diagnosis Raman imaging intervened as a promising investigative tool to provide molecular level information to differentiate the cancerous vs non-cancerous cells, tissues and even in body fluids. Anciently, spontaneous Raman scattering is very feeble due to its low signal intensity and long acquisition time but new advanced techniques like coherent Raman scattering (CRS) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) gradually superseded these issues. So, the present review focuses on the recent developments and applications of Raman spectroscopy-based imaging techniques for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adukkadan N Ramya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jayadev S Arya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Murali Madhukrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shanmughan Shamjith
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Murukan S Vidyalekshmi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kaustabh K Maiti
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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6
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Li Y, Shen B, Li S, Zhao Y, Qu J, Liu L. Review of Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy Techniques and Applications in the Biosciences. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2020; 5:e2000184. [PMID: 33724734 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a nonlinear optical imaging method for visualizing chemical content based on molecular vibrational bonds. Featuring high speed, high resolution, high sensitivity, high accuracy, and 3D sectioning, SRS microscopy has made tremendous progress toward biochemical information acquisition, cellular function investigation, and label-free medical diagnosis in the biosciences. In this review, the principle of SRS, system design, and data analysis are introduced, and the current innovations of the SRS system are reviewed. In particular, combined with various bio-orthogonal Raman tags, the applications of SRS microscopy in cell metabolism, tumor diagnosis, neuroscience, drug tracking, and microbial detection are briefly examined. The future prospects for SRS microscopy are also shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Binglin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yihua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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7
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Armistead FJ, Gala De Pablo J, Gadêlha H, Peyman SA, Evans SD. Physical Biomarkers of Disease Progression: On-Chip Monitoring of Changes in Mechanobiology of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3254. [PMID: 32094413 PMCID: PMC7039955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59952-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Disease can induce changes to subcellular components, altering cell phenotype and leading to measurable bulk-material mechanical properties. The mechanical phenotyping of single cells therefore offers many potential diagnostic applications. Cells are viscoelastic and their response to an applied stress is highly dependent on the magnitude and timescale of the actuation. Microfluidics can be used to measure cell deformability over a wide range of flow conditions, operating two distinct flow regimes (shear and inertial) which can expose subtle mechanical properties arising from subcellular components. Here, we investigate the deformability of three colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines using a range of flow conditions. These cell lines offer a model for CRC metastatic progression; SW480 derived from primary adenocarcinoma, HT29 from a more advanced primary tumor and SW620 from lymph-node metastasis. HL60 (leukemia cells) were also studied as a model circulatory cell, offering a non-epithelial comparison. We demonstrate that microfluidic induced flow deformation can be used to robustly detect mechanical changes associated with CRC progression. We also show that single-cell multivariate analysis, utilising deformation and relaxation dynamics, offers potential to distinguish these different cell types. These results point to the benefit of multiparameter determination for improving detection and accuracy of disease stage diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fern J Armistead
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Julia Gala De Pablo
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Hermes Gadêlha
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sally A Peyman
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stephen D Evans
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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8
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Shin H, Lee JH, Kim YD, Shin I, Sim T, Lim DK. Raman-Based in Situ Monitoring of Changes in Molecular Signatures during Mitochondrially Mediated Apoptosis. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8188-8195. [PMID: 31459907 PMCID: PMC6648662 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining molecular information from inside cells is an important topic to understand the outcome of molecular interactions between potential drug molecules and biomolecules inside cells. To envision this goal, we investigated the surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based single-cell spectroscopic method to monitor changes in intracellular molecular signatures during mitochondrially mediated apoptosis in real time. Triphenylphosphine-modified gold nanoparticles were localized successfully to the mitochondria and greatly enhanced to obtain the intrinsic Raman scattering spectrum of mitochondria and cytochrome c in the live cell. Photothermally induced apoptosis showed a moderate decrease in the disulfide bond and a sharp increase in β-sheet structures depending on the input-laser power, along with morphological changes. However, chemical drug induced-apoptosis showed more subtle changes in the disulfide bond, as well as changes in Raman peaks corresponding to cytochrome c, and the appearance of a new peak at 1420 cm-1, which enabled us to study the molecular interactions within the mitochondria in real time from a single cell, following treatment with a novel pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon
Jeong Shin
- KU-KIST
Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- KU-KIST
Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Duk Kim
- KU-KIST
Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- KU-KIST
Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Chemical
Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute
of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST
Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Chemical
Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute
of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST
Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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9
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Armistead FJ, Gala De Pablo J, Gadêlha H, Peyman SA, Evans SD. Cells Under Stress: An Inertial-Shear Microfluidic Determination of Cell Behavior. Biophys J 2019; 116:1127-1135. [PMID: 30799072 PMCID: PMC6428867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The deformability of a cell is the direct result of a complex interplay between the different constituent elements at the subcellular level, coupling a wide range of mechanical responses at different length scales. Changes to the structure of these components can also alter cell phenotype, which points to the critical importance of cell mechanoresponse for diagnostic applications. The response to mechanical stress depends strongly on the forces experienced by the cell. Here, we use cell deformability in both shear-dominant and inertia-dominant microfluidic flow regimes to probe different aspects of the cell structure. In the inertial regime, we follow cellular response from (visco-)elastic through plastic deformation to cell structural failure and show a significant drop in cell viability for shear stresses >11.8 kN/m2. Comparatively, a shear-dominant regime requires lower applied stresses to achieve higher cell strains. From this regime, deformation traces as a function of time contain a rich source of information including maximal strain, elastic modulus, and cell relaxation times and thus provide a number of markers for distinguishing cell types and potential disease progression. These results emphasize the benefit of multiple parameter determination for improving detection and will ultimately lead to improved accuracy for diagnosis. We present results for leukemia cells (HL60) as a model circulatory cell as well as for a colorectal cancer cell line, SW480, derived from primary adenocarcinoma (Dukes stage B). SW480 were also treated with the actin-disrupting drug latrunculin A to test the sensitivity of flow regimes to the cytoskeleton. We show that the shear regime is more sensitive to cytoskeletal changes and that large strains in the inertial regime cannot resolve changes to the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fern J Armistead
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Gala De Pablo
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Hermes Gadêlha
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sally A Peyman
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D Evans
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
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10
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Gala de Pablo J, Chisholm DR, Steffen A, Nelson AK, Mahler C, Marder TB, Peyman SA, Girkin JM, Ambler CA, Whiting A, Evans SD. Tandem fluorescence and Raman (fluoRaman) characterisation of a novel photosensitiser in colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Analyst 2019; 143:6113-6120. [PMID: 30468234 PMCID: PMC6336151 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01461b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel photosensitiser, DC473, designed with solvatochromatic fluorescence and distinct Raman signal, is detected with tandem fluoRaman in SW480 cells.
The development of new imaging tools, molecules and modalities is crucial to understanding biological processes and the localised cellular impact of bioactive compounds. A small molecule photosensitiser, DC473, has been designed to be both highly fluorescent and to exhibit a strong Raman signal in the cell-silent region of the Raman spectrum due to a diphenylacetylene structure. DC473 has been utilised to perform a range of novel tandem fluorescence and Raman (fluoRaman) imaging experiments, enabling a thorough examination of the compound's cellular localisation, exemplified in colorectal cancer cells (SW480). This multifunctional fluoRaman imaging modality revealed the presence of the compound in lipid droplets and only a weak signal in the cytosol, by both Raman and fluorescence imaging. In addition, Raman microscopy detected the compound in a cell compartment we labelled as the nucleolus, whereas fluorescence microscopy did not detect the fluoRaman probe due to solvatochromatic effects in a local polar environment. This last finding was only possible with the use of tandem confocal Raman and fluorescence methods. By following the approach detailed herein, incorporation of strong Raman functional groups into fluorophores can enable a plethora of fluoRaman experiments, shedding further light on potential drug compound's cellular behaviour and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gala de Pablo
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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11
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Deng X, Xiong F, Li X, Xiang B, Li Z, Wu X, Guo C, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Xiong W, Zeng Z. Application of atomic force microscopy in cancer research. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:102. [PMID: 30538002 PMCID: PMC6288943 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) allows for nanometer-scale investigation of cells and molecules. Recent advances have enabled its application in cancer research and diagnosis. The physicochemical properties of live cells undergo changes when their physiological conditions are altered. These physicochemical properties can therefore reflect complex physiological processes occurring in cells. When cells are in the process of carcinogenesis and stimulated by external stimuli, their morphology, elasticity, and adhesion properties may change. AFM can perform surface imaging and ultrastructural observation of live cells with atomic resolution under near-physiological conditions, collecting force spectroscopy information which allows for the study of the mechanical properties of cells. For this reason, AFM has potential to be used as a tool for high resolution research into the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of tumor cells. This review describes the working principle, working mode, and technical points of atomic force microscopy, and reviews the applications and prospects of atomic force microscopy in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Gala de Pablo J, Armistead FJ, Peyman SA, Bonthron D, Lones M, Smith S, Evans SD. Biochemical fingerprint of colorectal cancer cell lines using label-free live single-cell Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY : JRS 2018; 49:1323-1332. [PMID: 31031517 PMCID: PMC6473482 DOI: 10.1002/jrs.5389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Label-free live single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to obtain a chemical fingerprint of colorectal cancer cells including the classification of the SW480 and SW620 cell line model system, derived from primary and secondary tumour cells from the same patient. High-quality Raman spectra were acquired from hundreds of live cells, showing high reproducibility between experiments. Principal component analysis with linear discriminant analysis yielded the best cell classification, with an accuracy of 98.7 ± 0.3% (standard error) when compared with discrimination trees or support vector machines. SW480 showed higher content of the disordered secondary protein structure Amide III band, whereas SW620 showed larger α-helix and β-sheet band content. The SW620 cell line also displayed higher nucleic acid, phosphates, saccharide, and CH2 content. HL60, HT29, HCT116, SW620, and SW480 live single-cell spectra were classified using principal component analysis or linear discriminant analysis with an accuracy of 92.4 ± 0.4% (standard error), showing differences mainly in the β-sheet content, the cytochrome C bands, the CH-stretching regions, the lactate contributions, and the DNA content. The lipids contributions above 2,900 cm-1 and the lactate contributions at 1,785 cm-1 appeared to be dependent on the colorectal adenocarcinoma stage, the advanced stage cell lines showing lower lipid, and higher lactate content. The results demonstrate that these cell lines can be distinguished with high confidence, suggesting that Raman spectroscopy on live cells can distinguish between different disease stages, and could play an important role clinically as a diagnostic tool for cell phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gala de Pablo
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Fern J. Armistead
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Sally A. Peyman
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Welcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - David Bonthron
- Welcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Michael Lones
- School of Mathematical and Computer SciencesHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghUK
| | | | - Stephen D. Evans
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Welcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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13
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Gillies D, Gamal W, Downes A, Reinwald Y, Yang Y, El Haj AJ, Bagnaninchi PO. Real-time and non-invasive measurements of cell mechanical behaviour with optical coherence phase microscopy. Methods 2018; 136:126-133. [PMID: 29080739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell mechanical behaviour is increasingly recognised as a central biophysical parameter in cancer and stem cell research, and methods of investigating their mechanical behaviour are therefore needed. We have developed a novel qualitative method based on quantitative phase imaging which is capable of investigating cell mechanical behaviour in real-time at cellular resolution using optical coherence phase microscopy (OCPM), and stimulating the cells non-invasively using hydrostatic pressure. The method was exemplified to distinguish between cells with distinct mechanical properties, and transient change induced by Cytochalasin D. We showed the potential of quantitative phase imaging to detect nanoscale intracellular displacement induced by varying hydrostatic pressure in microfluidic channels, reflecting cell mechanical behaviour. Further physical modelling is required to yield quantitative mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gillies
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - W Gamal
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - A Downes
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Y Reinwald
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Y Yang
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - A J El Haj
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - P O Bagnaninchi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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14
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Distinguishing Different Cancerous Human Cells by Raman Spectroscopy Based on Discriminant Analysis Methods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7090900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Kim TH, Lee D, Choi JW. Live cell biosensing platforms using graphene-based hybrid nanomaterials. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:485-499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Eberhardt K, Beleites C, Marthandan S, Matthäus C, Diekmann S, Popp J. Raman and Infrared Spectroscopy Distinguishing Replicative Senescent from Proliferating Primary Human Fibroblast Cells by Detecting Spectral Differences Mainly Due to Biomolecular Alterations. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2937-2947. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Eberhardt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Claudia Beleites
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Chemometric Consulting and Chemometrix GmbH, Södeler Weg 19, 61200 Wölfersheim, Germany
| | - Shiva Marthandan
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute on Aging − Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Matthäus
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephan Diekmann
- Department
of Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute on Aging − Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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17
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Prats Mateu B, Harreither E, Schosserer M, Puxbaum V, Gludovacz E, Borth N, Gierlinger N, Grillari J. Label-free live cell imaging by Confocal Raman Microscopy identifies CHO host and producer cell lines. Biotechnol J 2016; 12. [PMID: 27440252 PMCID: PMC5244663 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As a possible viable and non-invasive method to identify high producing cells, Confocal Raman Microscopy was shown to be able to differentiate CHO host cell lines and derivative production clones. Cluster analysis of spectra and their derivatives was able to differentiate between different producer cell lines and a host, and also distinguished between an intracellular region of high lipid and protein content that in structure resembles the Endoplasmic Reticulum. This ability to identify the ER may be a major contributor to the identification of high producers. PCA enabled the discrimination even of host cell lines and their subclones with inherently higher production capacity. The method is thus a promising option that may contribute to early, non-invasive identification of high potential candidates during cell line development and possibly could also be used for proof of identity of established production clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batirtze Prats Mateu
- Institute of Physics and Materials Sciences, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Harreither
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Puxbaum
- ACIB Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Gludovacz
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Borth
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,ACIB Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
| | - Notburga Gierlinger
- Institute of Physics and Materials Sciences, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,ACIB Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Graz, Austria
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Tsikritsis D, Shi H, Wang Y, Velugotla S, Sršeň V, Elfick A, Downes A. Label-free biomarkers of human embryonic stem cell differentiation to hepatocytes. Cytometry A 2016; 89:575-84. [PMID: 27214589 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Four different label-free, minimally invasive, live single cell analysis techniques were applied in a quantitative comparison, to characterize embryonic stem cells and the hepatocytes into which they were differentiated. Atomic force microscopy measures the cell's mechanical properties, Raman spectroscopy measures its chemical properties, and dielectrophoresis measures the membrane's capacitance. They were able to assign cell type of individual cells with accuracies of 91% (atomic force microscopy), 95.5% (Raman spectroscopy), and 72% (dielectrophoresis). In addition, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy was able to easily identify hepatocytes in images by the presence of lipid droplets. These techniques, used either independently or in combination, offer label-free methods to study individual living cells. Although these minimally invasive biomarkers can be applied to sense phenotypical or environmental changes to cells, these techniques have most potential in human stem cell therapies where the use of traditional biomarkers is best avoided. Destructive assays consume valuable stem cells and do not characterize the cells which go on to be used in therapies; whereas immunolabeling risks altering cell behavior. It was suggested how these four minimally invasive methods could be applied to cell culture, and how they could in future be combined into one microfluidic chip for cell sorting. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikritsis
- Institute for BioEngineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hu Shi
- Institute for BioEngineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Wang
- Institute for BioEngineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Srinivas Velugotla
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Vlastimil Sršeň
- Institute for BioEngineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Elfick
- Institute for BioEngineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Downes
- Institute for BioEngineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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