1
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Guidi L, Cascone MG, Rosellini E. Light-responsive polymeric nanoparticles for retinal drug delivery: design cues, challenges and future perspectives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26616. [PMID: 38434257 PMCID: PMC10906429 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A multitude of sight-threatening retinal diseases, affecting hundreds of millions around the globe, lack effective pharmacological treatments due to ocular barriers and common drug delivery limitations. Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are versatile drug carriers with sustained drug release profiles and tunable physicochemical properties which have been explored for ocular drug delivery to both anterior and posterior ocular tissues. PNPs can incorporate a wide range of drugs and overcome the challenges of conventional retinal drug delivery. Moreover, PNPs can be engineered to respond to specific stimuli such as ultraviolet, visible, or near-infrared light, and allow precise spatiotemporal control of the drug release, enabling tailored treatment regimens and reducing the number of required administrations. The objective of this study is to emphasize the therapeutic potential of light-triggered drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles to treat retinal diseases through an exploration of ocular pathologies, challenges in drug delivery, current production methodologies and recent applications. Despite challenges, light-responsive PNPs hold the promise of substantially enhancing the treatment landscape for ocular diseases, aiming for an improved quality of life for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Guidi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cascone
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rosellini
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122, Pisa, Italy
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2
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Soars S, Kamps J, Fairbanks B, Bowman C. Stimuli‐Responsive Depolymerization of Poly(Phthalaldehyde) Copolymers and Networks. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shafer Soars
- Department of Chemistry University of Colorado‐ Boulder Boulder CO 80303 USA
| | - Joshua Kamps
- Department of Chemistry University of Colorado‐ Boulder Boulder CO 80303 USA
| | - Benjamin Fairbanks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado‐Boulder Boulder CO 80303 USA
| | - Christopher Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado‐Boulder Boulder CO 80303 USA
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3
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Fang JY, Lin YK, Wang SW, Lee RS. Synthesis, and characterization folate-conjugated photocleavable poly(4-substituted- ε-caprolactone) polymers for drug delivery. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2018.1539987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ku Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wei Wang
- Division of Natural Science, Center of General Education, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Shen Lee
- Division of Natural Science, Center of General Education, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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4
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Jazani AM, Oh JK. Development and disassembly of single and multiple acid-cleavable block copolymer nanoassemblies for drug delivery. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00234h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acid-degradable block copolymer-based nanoassemblies are promising intracellular candidates for tumor-targeting drug delivery as they exhibit the enhanced release of encapsulated drugs through their dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada H4B 1R6
| | - Jung Kwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Concordia University
- Montreal
- Canada H4B 1R6
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5
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Neary WJ, Isais TA, Kennemur JG. Depolymerization of Bottlebrush Polypentenamers and Their Macromolecular Metamorphosis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14220-14229. [PMID: 31403783 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The depolymerization of bottlebrush (BB) polymers with varying lengths of polycyclopentene (PCP) backbone and polystyrene (PS) grafts is investigated. In all cases, ring closing metathesis (RCM) depolymerization of the PCP BB backbone appears to occur through an end-to-end depolymerization mechanism as evidenced by size exclusion chromatography. Investigation on the RCM depolymerization of linear PCP reveals a more random chain degradation process. Quantitative depolymerization occurs under thermodynamic conditions (higher temperature and dilution) that drives RCM into cyclopentenes (CPs), each bearing one of the original PS grafts from the BB. Catalyst screening reveals Grubbs' third (G3) and second (G2) generation catalyst depolymerize BBs significantly faster than Grubbs' first generation (G1) and Hoveyda-Grubbs' second generation (HG2) catalyst under identical conditions while solvent (toluene versus CHCl3) plays a less significant role. The length of the BB backbone and PS side chains also play a minor role in depolymerization kinetics, which is discussed. The ability to completely deconstruct these BB architectures into linear grafts provides definitive insights toward the ATRP "grafting-from" mechanism originally used to construct the BBs. Core-shell BB block copolymers (BBCPs) are shown to quantitatively depolymerize into linear diblock polymer grafts. Finally, the complete depolymerization of BBs into α-cyclopentenyl-PS allows further transformation to other architectures, such as 3-arm stars, through thiol-ene coupling onto the CP end group. These unique materials open the door to stimuli-responsive reassembly of BBs and BBCPs into new morphologies driven by macromolecular metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Neary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Taylor A Isais
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Justin G Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
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6
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Rabiee Kenaree A, Gillies ER. Controlled Polymerization of Ethyl Glyoxylate Using Alkyllithium and Alkoxide Initiators. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Rabiee Kenaree
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
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7
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Hemmatian Z, Jalilian E, Lee S, Strakosas X, Khademhosseini A, Almutairi A, Shin SR, Rolandi M. Delivery of Cargo with a Bioelectronic Trigger. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21782-21787. [PMID: 29905062 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems exchange information often with chemical signals. Here, we demonstrate the chemical delivery of a fluorescent label using a bioelectronic trigger. Acid-sensitive microparticles release fluorescin diacetate upon low pH induced by a bioelectronic device. Cardiac fibroblast cells (CFs) uptake fluorescin diacetate, which transforms into fluorescein and emits a fluorescent signal. This proof-of-concept bioelectronic triggered delivery may be used in the future for real-time programming and control of cells and cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Elmira Jalilian
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology , University College London , London EC1V 9EL , United Kingdom
| | | | - Xenofon Strakosas
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Physics , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21569 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology , Konkuk University , Seoul 143-701 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
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8
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Fan B, Yardley RE, Trant JF, Borecki A, Gillies ER. Tuning the hydrophobic cores of self-immolative polyglyoxylate assemblies. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00350e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers containing different self-immolative polyglyoxylates were synthesized and self-assembled to provide drug carriers with variable celecoxib loading capacities and release rates, as well as different in vitro toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | | | - John F. Trant
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Aneta Borecki
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
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9
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Lee S, Stubelius A, Olejniczak J, Jang H, Huu VAN, Almutairi A. Chemical amplification accelerates reactive oxygen species triggered polymeric degradation. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:107-114. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00758b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical amplification strategy is employed to accelerate degradation of ROS-responsive polymeric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeun Lee
- UCSD Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine and Engineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
- Departments of NanoEngineering
| | - Alexandra Stubelius
- UCSD Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine and Engineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Jason Olejniczak
- UCSD Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine and Engineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Hongje Jang
- III. Institute of Physics
- Georg August University Goettingen
- D-37077 Goettingen
- Germany
| | - Viet Anh Nguyen Huu
- UCSD Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine and Engineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Adah Almutairi
- UCSD Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine and Engineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
- Departments of NanoEngineering
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10
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11
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Ergene C, Palermo EF. Cationic Poly(benzyl ether)s as Self-Immolative Antimicrobial Polymers. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3400-3409. [PMID: 28880551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-immolative polymers (SIMPs) are macromolecules that spontaneously undergo depolymerization into small molecules when triggered by specific external stimuli. We report here the first examples of antimicrobial SIMPs with potent, rapid, and broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. Their antibacterial and hemolytic activities were examined as a function of cationic functionality. Polymers bearing primary ammonium cationic groups showed more potent bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, relative to tertiary and quaternary ammonium counterparts, whereas the quaternary ammonium polymers showed the lowest hemolytic toxicity. These antibacterial polycations undergo end-to-end depolymerization when triggered by an externally applied stimulus. Specifically, poly(benzyl ether)s end-capped with a silyl ether group and bearing pendant allyl side chains were converted to polycations by photoinitiated thiol-ene radical addition using cysteamine HCl. The intact polycations are stable in solution, but they spontaneously unzip into their component monomers upon exposure to fluoride ions, with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Upon triggered depolymerization, the antibacterial potency was largely retained but the hemolytic toxicity was substantially reduced. Thus, we reveal the first example of a self-immolative antibacterial polymer platform that will enable antibacterial materials to spontaneously unzip into biologically active small molecules upon the introduction of a specifically designed stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Ergene
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 8th St., Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Edmund F Palermo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 8th St., Troy, New York 12180, United States
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12
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Steinkoenig J, Zieger MM, Mutlu H, Barner-Kowollik C. Dual-Gated Chain Shattering Based on Light Responsive Benzophenones and Thermally Responsive Diels–Alder Linkages. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Steinkoenig
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Markus M. Zieger
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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13
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Ramasamy T, Ruttala HB, Gupta B, Poudel BK, Choi HG, Yong CS, Kim JO. Smart chemistry-based nanosized drug delivery systems for systemic applications: A comprehensive review. J Control Release 2017; 258:226-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Pohlit H, Leibig D, Frey H. Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Dimethacrylates with Cleavable Ketal Sites: Precursors for Cleavable PEG-Hydrogels. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pohlit
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center Mainz; Langenbeckstr. 1 55131 Mainz Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz; Staudinger Weg 9 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Daniel Leibig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz; Staudinger Weg 9 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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15
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Manouras T, Vamvakaki M. Field responsive materials: photo-, electro-, magnetic- and ultrasound-sensitive polymers. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01455k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in field-responsive polymers, which have emerged as highly promising materials for numerous applications, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Manouras
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
- Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
- Heraklion
- Greece
- University of Crete
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16
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Olejniczak J, Collet G, Nguyen Huu VA, Chan M, Lee S, Almutairi A. Biorthogonal click chemistry on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-polymeric particles. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:211-215. [DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00721j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric materials are a key area of investigation in drug delivery and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Olejniczak
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Guillaume Collet
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Viet Anh Nguyen Huu
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Minnie Chan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Sangeun Lee
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Adah Almutairi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
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17
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Fan B, Trant JF, Gillies ER. End-Capping Strategies for Triggering End-to-End Depolymerization of Polyglyoxylates. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Chemical
and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151
Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
| | - John F. Trant
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond
St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Department of Chemical
and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151
Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond
St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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