1
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de Kler N, Pereverzev AY, Roithová J. Terminal Copper Nitrenoid Formation and Reactivity Induced by Absorption to an Antenna Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319270. [PMID: 38314650 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Copper nitrenoids are key intermediates in copper-catalyzed direct C-H amination reactions. Further development of this important reaction relies on knowing the properties and reactivity of the nitrenoid intermediates. This work utilizes antenna ligands to form copper nitrenoid complexes and monitor the consecutive C-H amination reactions under well-defined single-molecule conditions in the gas phase. The [Cu(Lphoto)(Lazide)]+ precursors (Lphoto is a bidentate antenna ligand, and Lazide is an organic azide) were stored in an ion trap at 3.5 K and irradiated by visible light, which resulted in denitrogenation of the complex. Further irradiation of the copper nitrenoid led to the consecutive C-H amination of the antenna ligand. The nitrenoid complexes, as well as the products of the C-H amination, were characterized by helium tagging IRPD spectroscopy, and the mechanism was described by DFT calculations. This research demonstrates that the antenna ligands can be used to promote the denitrogenation of metal azides in the gas phase and also channel the internal energy to promote further reactivity, which opens a new way to study the reactivity of highly reactive species under well-defined conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noël de Kler
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandr Y Pereverzev
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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2
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Kozlenko AS, Ozhogin IV, Pugachev AD, Lukyanova MB, El-Sewify IM, Lukyanov BS. A Modern Look at Spiropyrans: From Single Molecules to Smart Materials. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:8. [PMID: 36624333 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic compounds of the spiropyran family have two main isomers capable of inter-switching with UV or visible light. In the current review, we discuss recent advances in the synthesis, investigation of properties, and applications of spiropyran derivatives. Spiropyrans of the indoline series are in focus as the most promising representatives of multi-sensitive spirocyclic compounds, which can be switched by a number of external stimuli, including light, temperature, pH, presence of metal ions, and mechanical stress. Particular attention is paid to the structural features of molecules, their influence on photochromic properties, and the reactions taking place during isomerization, as the understanding of the structure-property relationships will rationalize the synthesis of compounds with predetermined characteristics. The main prospects for applications of spiropyrans in such fields as smart material production, molecular electronics and nanomachinery, sensing of environmental and biological molecules, and photopharmacology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Kozlenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Artem D Pugachev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Maria B Lukyanova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Islam M El-Sewify
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boris S Lukyanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
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3
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Tureček F. UV-vis spectroscopy of gas-phase ions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:206-226. [PMID: 34392556 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodissociation action spectroscopy has made a great progress in expanding investigations of gas-phase ion structures. This review deals with aspects of gas-phase ion electronic excitations that result in wavelength-dependent dissociation and light emission via fluorescence, chiefly covering the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum. The principles are briefly outlined and a few examples of instrumentation are presented. The main thrust of the review is to collect and selectively present applications of UV-vis action spectroscopy to studies of stable gas-phase ion structures and combinations of spectroscopy with ion mobility, collision-induced dissociation, and ion-ion reactions leading to the generation of reactive intermediates and electronic energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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4
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Ashworth EK, Langeland J, Stockett MH, Lindkvist TT, Kjær C, Bull JN, Nielsen SB. Cryogenic Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Ionic Fluorones in Gaseous and Condensed Phases: New Light on Their Intrinsic Photophysics. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:9553-9563. [PMID: 36529970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy of gas-phase ions generated through electrospray ionization is an emerging technique able to probe intrinsic molecular photophysics directly without perturbations from solvent interactions. While there is ample scope for the ongoing development of gas-phase fluorescence techniques, the recent expansion into low-temperature operating conditions accesses a wealth of data on intrinsic fluorophore photophysics, offering enhanced spectral resolution compared with room-temperature measurements, without matrix effects hindering the excited-state dynamics. This perspective reviews current progress on understanding the photophysics of anionic fluorone dyes, which exhibit an unusually large Stokes shift in the gas phase, and discusses how comparison of gas- and condensed-phase fluorescence spectra can fingerprint structural dynamics. The capacity for temperature-dependent measurements of both fluorescence emission and excitation spectra helps establish the foundation for the use of fluorone dyes as fluorescent tags in macromolecular structure determination. We suggest ideas for technique development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor K Ashworth
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, NorwichNR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeppe Langeland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus8000, Denmark
| | - Mark H Stockett
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Christina Kjær
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus8000, Denmark
| | - James N Bull
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, NorwichNR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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5
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Ashworth E, Coughlan NJA, Hopkins WS, Bieske EJ, Bull JN. Excited-State Barrier Controls E → Z Photoisomerization in p-Hydroxycinnamate Biochromophores. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9028-9034. [PMID: 36149746 PMCID: PMC9549896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecules based on the deprotonated p-hydroxycinnamate moiety are widespread in nature, including serving as UV filters in the leaves of plants and as the biochromophore in photoactive yellow protein. The photophysical behavior of these chromophores is centered around a rapid E → Z photoisomerization by passage through a conical intersection seam. Here, we use photoisomerization and photodissociation action spectroscopies with deprotonated 4-hydroxybenzal acetone (pCK-) to characterize a wavelength-dependent bifurcation between electron autodetachment (spontaneous ejection of an electron from the S1 state because it is situated in the detachment continuum) and E → Z photoisomerization. While autodetachment occurs across the entire S1(ππ*) band (370-480 nm), E → Z photoisomerization occurs only over a blue portion of the band (370-430 nm). No E → Z photoisomerization is observed when the ketone functional group in pCK- is replaced with an ester or carboxylic acid. The wavelength-dependent bifurcation is consistent with potential energy surface calculations showing that a barrier separates the Franck-Condon region from the E → Z isomerizing conical intersection. The barrier height, which is substantially higher in the gas phase than in solution, depends on the functional group and governs whether E → Z photoisomerization occurs more rapidly than autodetachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor
K. Ashworth
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Neville J. A. Coughlan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- WaterMine
Innovation, Inc., Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
| | - W. Scott Hopkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- WaterMine
Innovation, Inc., Waterloo, Ontario N0B 2T0, Canada
| | - Evan J. Bieske
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - James N. Bull
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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6
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Alipour M, Izadkhast T. Do any types of double-hybrid models render the correct order of excited state energies in inverted singlet–triplet emitters? J Chem Phys 2022; 156:064302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0077722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Alipour
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran
| | - Tahereh Izadkhast
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran
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7
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Marlton SJP, Trevitt A. Laser Photodissocation, Action Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry Unite to Detect and Separate Isomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9451-9467. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02101c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The separation and detection of isomers remains a challenge for many areas of mass spectrometry. This article highlights laser photodissociation and ion mobility strategies that have been deployed to tackle...
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8
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Carrascosa E, Bull JN, Martínez-Núñez E, Scholz MS, Buntine JT, Bieske EJ. Photoisomerization of Linear and Stacked Isomers of a Charged Styryl Dye: A Tandem Ion Mobility Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2842-2851. [PMID: 34787413 PMCID: PMC8640989 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The photoisomerization behavior of styryl 9M, a common dye used in material sciences, is investigated using tandem ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) coupled with laser spectroscopy. Styryl 9M has two alkene linkages, potentially allowing for four geometric isomers. IMS measurements demonstrate that at least three geometric isomers are generated using electrospray ionization with the most abundant forms assigned to a combination of EE (major) and ZE (minor) geometric isomers, which are difficult to distinguish using IMS as they have similar collision cross sections. Two additional but minor isomers are generated by collisional excitation of the electrosprayed styryl 9M ions and are assigned to the EZ and ZZ geometric isomers, with the latter predicted to have a π-stacked configuration. The isomer assignments are supported through calculations of equilibrium structures, collision cross sections, and statistical isomerization rates. Photoexcitation of selected isomers using an IMS-photo-IMS strategy shows that each geometric isomer photoisomerizes following absorption of near-infrared and visible light, with the EE isomer possessing a S1 ← S0 electronic transition with a band maximum near 680 nm and shorter wavelength S2 ← S0 electronic transition with a band maximum near 430 nm. The study demonstrates the utility of the IMS-photo-IMS strategy for providing fundamental gas-phase photochemical information on molecular systems with multiple isomerizable bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Carrascosa
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - James N. Bull
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School
of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University
of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Emilio Martínez-Núñez
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidade
de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Michael S. Scholz
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jack T. Buntine
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Evan J. Bieske
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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9
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Casanova-Páez M, Goerigk L. Time-Dependent Long-Range-Corrected Double-Hybrid Density Functionals with Spin-Component and Spin-Opposite Scaling: A Comprehensive Analysis of Singlet-Singlet and Singlet-Triplet Excitation Energies. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:5165-5186. [PMID: 34291643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Following the work on spin-component and spin-opposite scaled (SCS/SOS) global double hybrids for singlet-singlet excitations by Schwabe and Goerigk [ J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2017, 13, 4307-4323] and our own works on new long-range corrected (LC) double hybrids for singlet-singlet and singlet-triplet excitations [ J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2019, 15, 4735-4744 and J. Chem. Phys. 2020, 153, 064106], we present new LC double hybrids with SCS/SOS that demonstrate further improvement over previously published results and methods. We introduce new unscaled and scaled versions of different global and LC double hybrids based on Becke88 or PBE exchange combined with LYP, PBE, or P86 correlation. For singlet-singlet excitations, we cross-validate them on six benchmark sets that cover small to medium-sized chromophores with different excitation types (local-valence, Rydberg, and charge transfer). For singlet-triplet excitations, we perform the cross-validation on three different benchmark sets following the same analysis as in our previous work in 2020. In total, 203 excitations are analyzed. Our results confirm and extend those of Schwabe and Goerigk regarding the superior performance of SCS and SOS variants compared to their unscaled parents by decreasing mean absolute deviations, root-mean-square deviations, or error spans by more than half and bringing absolute mean deviations closer to zero. Our SCS/SOS variants are shown to be highly efficient and robust for the computation of vertical excitation energies, which even outperform specialized double hybrids that also contain an LC in their perturbative part. In particular, our new SCS/SOS-ωPBEPP86 and SCS/SOS-ωB88PP86 functionals are four of the most accurate and robust methods tested in this work, and we fully recommend them for future applications. However, if the relevant SCS and SOS algorithms are not available to the user, we suggest ωPBEPP86 as the best unscaled method in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Casanova-Páez
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Lars Goerigk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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10
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Le Fèvre A, Dugourd P, Chirot F. Exploring Conformational Landscapes Using Trap and Release Tandem Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4183-4190. [PMID: 33625848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics and thermodynamics of structural changes in isolated glu-fibrinopeptide B (GluFib) were investigated by tandem ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Doubly protonated GluFib2+ ions were first selected by IMS and then stored for a controlled duration in a thermalized ion trap. Temperature-induced conformational changes were finally monitored by IMS as a function of trapping time. Based on this procedure, isomerization rates and equilibrium populations of the different conformers were determined as a function of temperature. We demonstrate that the measured thermodynamic quantities can be directly compared to simulated observables from ensemble molecular modeling based on appropriate order parameters. We obtained good qualitative agreement with replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations based on the AMOEBA force field and processed using the weighted histogram analysis method. This suggests that the balance between Coulomb repulsion and optimal charge solvation is the main source of the observed conformational bistability. Our results emphasize the differences between the kinetically driven quasi-equilibrium distributions obtained after collisional activation and the thermodynamically driven distributions from the present equilibrium experiments due to entropic effects. As a consequence, our measurements not only allow straightforward determination of Arrhenius activation energies but also yield the relative enthalpy and entropy changes associated to a structural transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Le Fèvre
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5280 Institut des Sciences Analytiques, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5306 Institut Lumière Matière, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
| | - Fabien Chirot
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5280 Institut des Sciences Analytiques, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne F-69100, France
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11
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Pugachev AD, Mukhanov EL, Ozhogin IV, Kozlenko AS, Metelitsa AV, Lukyanov BS. Isomerization and changes of the properties of spiropyrans by mechanical stress: advances and outlook. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-02881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Goerigk L, Casanova-Paéz M. The Trip to the Density Functional Theory Zoo Continues: Making a Case for Time-Dependent Double Hybrids for Excited-State Problems. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This account is written for general users of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods as well as chemists who are unfamiliar with the field. It includes a brief overview of conventional TD-DFT approaches and recommendations for applications to organic molecules based on our own experience. The main emphasis of this work, however, lies in providing the first in-depth review of time-dependent double-hybrid density functionals. They were first established in 2007 with very promising follow-up studies in the subsequent four years before developments or applications became scarce. The topic has regained more interest since 2017, and this account reviews those latest developments led by our group. These developments have shown unprecedented robustness for a variety of different types of electronic excitations when compared to more conventional TD-DFT methods. In particular, time-dependent double hybrids do not suffer from artificial ghost states and are able to reproduce exciton-coupled absorption spectra. Our latest methods include range separation and belong to the currently best TD-DFT methods for singlet-singlet excitations in organic molecules. While there is still room for improvement and further development in this space, we hope that this account encourages users to adjust their computational protocols to such new methods to provide more real-life testing and scenarios.
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13
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Casanova-Páez M, Goerigk L. Assessing the Tamm–Dancoff approximation, singlet–singlet, and singlet–triplet excitations with the latest long-range corrected double-hybrid density functionals. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:064106. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0018354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Goerigk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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14
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Kortekaas L, Steen JD, Duijnstee DR, Jacquemin D, Browne WR. Noncommutative Switching of Double Spiropyrans. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6458-6467. [PMID: 32691598 PMCID: PMC7458433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The spiropyran
family of photochromes are key components in molecular-based responsive
materials and devices, e.g., as multiphotochromes, covalently coupled
dyads, triads, etc. This attention is in no small part due to the
change in properties that accompany the switch between spiropyran
and merocyanine forms. Although the spiropyran is a single structural
isomer, the merocyanine form represents a family of isomers (TTT, TTC, CCT, etc.) and
protonation states. Combining two spiropyrans into one compound increases
the number of possible structures dramatically and the interaction
between the units determines, which are impeded due to intramolecular
quenching of excited states. Here, we show that the coupling of two
spiropyran photochromes through their phenol units yields favorable
interactions (crosstalk) between the components that provides access
to species inaccessible with the component monospiropyran alone. Specifically,
the ring opening of one spiropyran unit, which is thermally stable
at −30 °C, prevents ring opening of the second spiropyran
unit. Furthermore, whereas protonated E- and Z-monomerocyanines were previously shown to undergo thermal-
and photo-equilibration, the corresponding protonated E- and Z- bimerocyanines are thermally stable and
show one-way photoisomerization from the Z,Z- to an emissive E,E-bimerocyanine
form. Subsequent deprotonation at room temperature resets the system
to the bispiro ring-closed form, but deprotonation at −30 °C
yields the otherwise inaccessible bimerocyanine form. This form is
photochemically inert but undergoes a two-step thermal relaxation
via the merocyanine-spiropyran form, showing that the connection at
the phenol units provides sufficient intramolecular interaction to
fine-tune the complex isomerization pathways of spiropyrans and demonstrating
noncommutability in photo- and pH-regulated multistep isomerization
pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk Kortekaas
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorn D Steen
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël R Duijnstee
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Wesley R Browne
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Carrascosa E, Petermayer C, Scholz MS, Bull JN, Dube H, Bieske EJ. Reversible Photoswitching of Isolated Ionic Hemiindigos with Visible Light. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:680-685. [PMID: 31736199 PMCID: PMC7277040 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Indigoid chromophores have emerged as versatile molecular photoswitches, offering efficient reversible photoisomerization upon exposure to visible light. Here we report synthesis of a new class of permanently charged hemiindigos (HIs) and characterization of photochemical properties in gas phase and solution. Gas-phase studies, which involve exposing mobility-selected ions in a tandem ion mobility mass spectrometer to tunable wavelength laser radiation, demonstrate that the isolated HI ions are photochromic and can be reversibly photoswitched between Z and E isomers. The Z and E isomers have distinct photoisomerization response spectra with maxima separated by 40-80 nm, consistent with theoretical predictions for their absorption spectra. Solvation of the HI molecules in acetonitrile displaces the absorption bands to lower energy. Together, gas-phase action spectroscopy and solution NMR and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy represent a powerful approach for studying the intrinsic photochemical properties of HI molecular switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Carrascosa
- School of ChemistryThe University of Melbourne3010Parkville (VIC)Australia
| | - Christian Petermayer
- Department für Chemie and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSMLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München81377MunichGermany
| | - Michael S. Scholz
- School of ChemistryThe University of Melbourne3010Parkville (VIC)Australia
| | - James N. Bull
- School of ChemistryThe University of Melbourne3010Parkville (VIC)Australia
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research ParkUniversity of East AngliaNorwichNR4 7TJUnited Kingdom
| | - Henry Dube
- Department für Chemie and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSMLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München81377MunichGermany
| | - Evan J. Bieske
- School of ChemistryThe University of Melbourne3010Parkville (VIC)Australia
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16
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Urner LH, Schulze M, Maier YB, Hoffmann W, Warnke S, Liko I, Folmert K, Manz C, Robinson CV, Haag R, Pagel K. A new azobenzene-based design strategy for detergents in membrane protein research. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3538-3546. [PMID: 34109026 PMCID: PMC8152689 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01022g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry enables the in-depth structural elucidation of membrane protein complexes, which is of great interest in structural biology and drug discovery. Recent breakthroughs in this field revealed the need for design rules that allow fine-tuning the properties of detergents in solution and gas phase. Desirable features include protein charge reduction, because it helps to preserve native features of protein complexes during transfer from solution into the vacuum of a mass spectrometer. Addressing this challenge, we here present the first systematic gas-phase study of azobenzene detergents. The utility of gas-phase techniques for monitoring light-driven changes of isomer ratios and molecular properties are investigated in detail. This leads to the first azobenzene detergent that enables the native mass spectrometry analysis of membrane proteins and whose charge-reducing properties can be tuned by irradiation with light. More broadly, the presented work outlines new avenues for the high-throughput characterization of supramolecular systems and opens a new design strategy for detergents in membrane protein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard H Urner
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford South Parks Road OX13QZ Oxford UK
| | - Maiko Schulze
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Yasmine B Maier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Waldemar Hoffmann
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Stephan Warnke
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Idlir Liko
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford South Parks Road OX13QZ Oxford UK
| | - Kristin Folmert
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Manz
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford South Parks Road OX13QZ Oxford UK
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
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17
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Carrascosa E, Bull JN, Buntine JT, da Silva G, Santos PF, Bieske EJ. Near-infrared reversible photoswitching of an isolated azobenzene-stilbene dye. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.137065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Bull JN, Carrascosa E, Giacomozzi L, Bieske EJ, Stockett MH. Ion mobility action spectroscopy of flavin dianions reveals deprotomer-dependent photochemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19672-19681. [PMID: 30014081 PMCID: PMC6063075 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03244k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Photo-induced proton transfer, deprotomer-dependent photochemistry, and intramolecular charge transfer in flavin anions are investigated using action spectroscopy.
The intrinsic optical properties and photochemistry of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) dianions are investigated using a combination of tandem ion mobility spectrometry and action spectroscopy. Two principal isomers are observed, the more stable form being deprotonated on the isoalloxazine group and a phosphate (N-3,PO4 deprotomer), and the other on the two phosphates (PO4,PO4 deprotomer). Ion mobility data and electronic action spectra suggest that photo-induced proton transfer occurs from the isoalloxazine group to a phosphate group, converting the PO4,PO4 deprotomer to the N-3,PO4 deprotomer. Comparisons of the isomer selective action spectra of FAD dianions and flavin monoanions with solution spectra and gas-phase photodissociation action spectra suggests that solvation shifts the electronic absorption of the deprotonated isoalloxazine group to higher energy. This is interpreted as evidence for significant charge transfer in the lowest optical transition of deprotonated isoalloxazine. Overall, this work demonstrates that the site of deprotonation of flavin anions strongly affects their electronic absorptions and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Bull
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Eduardo Carrascosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Evan J Bieske
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mark H Stockett
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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19
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Kortekaas L, Chen J, Jacquemin D, Browne WR. Proton-Stabilized Photochemically Reversible E/ Z Isomerization of Spiropyrans. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6423-6430. [PMID: 29847129 PMCID: PMC6150689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spiropyrans undergo Cspiro-O bond breaking to their ring-open protonated E-merocyanine form upon protonation and irradiation via an intermediate protonated Z-merocyanine isomer. We show that the extent of acid-induced ring opening is controlled by matching both the concentration and strength of the acid used and with strong acids full ring opening to the Z-merocyanine isomer occurs spontaneously allowing its characterization by 1H NMR spectroscopy as well as UV/vis spectroscopy, and reversible switching between Z/ E-isomerization by irradiation with UV and visible light. Under sufficiently acidic conditions, both E- and Z-isomers are thermally stable. Judicious choice of acid such that its p Ka lies between that of the E- and Z-merocyanine forms enables thermally stable switching between spiropyran and E-merocyanine forms and hence pH gating between thermally irreversible and reversible photochromic switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kortekaas
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - J Chen
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - D Jacquemin
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM) , UMR CNRS no. 6230, Université de Nantes , BP 92208, 2, Rue de la Houssinière , 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - W R Browne
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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20
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Bull JN, Scholz MS, Carrascosa E, da Silva G, Bieske EJ. Double Molecular Photoswitch Driven by Light and Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:223002. [PMID: 29906145 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.223002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The shapes of many molecules can be transformed by light or heat. Here we investigate collision- and photon-induced interconversions of EE, EZ, and ZZ isomers of the isolated Congo red (CR) dianion, a double molecular switch containing two ─N═N─ azo groups, each of which can have the E or Z configuration. We find that collisional activation of CR dianions drives a one-way ZZ→EZ→EE cascade towards the lowest-energy isomer, whereas the absorption of a single photon over the 270-600 nm range can switch either azo group from E to Z or Z to E, driving the CR dianion to lower- or higher-energy forms. The experimental results, which are interpreted with the aid of calculated statistical isomerization rates, indicate that photoisomerization of CR in the gas phase involves a passage through conical intersection seams linking the excited and ground state potential energy surfaces rather than through isomerization on the ground state potential energy surface following internal conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Bull
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael S Scholz
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Eduardo Carrascosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Evan J Bieske
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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21
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Choi CM, MacAleese L, Dugourd P, Choi MC, Chirot F. Photo-induced linkage isomerization in the gas phase probed by tandem ion mobility and laser spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:12223-12228. [PMID: 29687123 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01833b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes involving sulfoxide ligands can undergo linkage isomerization upon light absorption, accompanied by dramatic changes in their optical properties. These remarkable photochromic properties are sensitive to the nature of the ligand as well as to that of the solvent. We used tandem ion mobility spectrometry coupled to mass spectrometry to gain direct experimental insight into the isomerization pathways connecting the different linkage isomers of an isolated ruthenium complex with two dimethyl-sulfoxide ligands. We find that the isomerization behavior of the solvent-free complex differs from that previously reported in the solution-phase, which is in line with recent theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Choi
- Mass Spectrometry and Advanced Instrumentation Research Group, Div. of Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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22
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Kjær C, Lisy JM, Nielsen SB. Gas-Phase Ion Spectroscopy of Congo Red Dianions and Their Complexes with Betaine. J Phys Chem A 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kjær
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - James M. Lisy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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23
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Navrátil R, Wiedbrauk S, Jašík J, Dube H, Roithová J. Transforming hemithioindigo from a two-way to a one-way molecular photoswitch by isolation in the gas phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6868-6876. [PMID: 29485646 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitching of a permanently charged hemithioindigo switch was probed by two photon experiments in the gas phase at 3 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Navrátil
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Wiedbrauk
- Department für Chemie and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München
- Germany
| | - Juraj Jašík
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
| | - Henry Dube
- Department für Chemie and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CIPSM
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München
- Germany
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- 12843 Prague 2
- Czech Republic
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24
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Selvanathan P, Dorcet V, Roisnel T, Bernot K, Huang G, Le Guennic B, Norel L, Rigaut S. trans to cis photo-isomerization in merocyanine dysprosium and yttrium complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4139-4148. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00299a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A unique light-switching behavior is revealed in Yttrium(iii) and Dysprosium(iii) merocyanine complexes through NMR and AC magnetometry experiments. Its impact on slow relaxation of magnetization is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Selvanathan
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Kévin Bernot
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Gang Huang
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Lucie Norel
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Stéphane Rigaut
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
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25
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Scholz MS, Bull JN, Coughlan NJA, Carrascosa E, Adamson BD, Bieske EJ. Photoisomerization of Protonated Azobenzenes in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6413-6419. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - James N. Bull
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville J. A. Coughlan
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Brian D. Adamson
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Evan J. Bieske
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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26
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Schwabe T, Goerigk L. Time-Dependent Double-Hybrid Density Functionals with Spin-Component and Spin-Opposite Scaling. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:4307-4323. [PMID: 28763220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, we combine time-dependent double-hybrid density functional approximations (TD-DHDFAs) for the calculation of electronic excitation energies with the concepts of spin-component and spin-opposite scaling (SCS/SOS) of electron-pair contributions to their nonlocal correlation components. Different flavors of this idea, ranging from standard SCS parameters to fully fitted parameter sets, are presented and tested on six different parent DHDFAs. For cross-validation, we assess those methods on three benchmark sets that cover small- to medium-sized chromophores (up to 78 atoms) and different excitation types. For this purpose, we also introduce new CC3 reference values for the popular Gordon benchmark set that we recommend using in future studies. Our results confirm that already the (unscaled) parent TD-DHDFAs are accurate and outperform some wave function methods. Further introduction of SCS/SOS eliminates extreme outliers, reduces deviation spans from reference values by up to 0.5 eV, aligns the performance of the Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA) to that of full TD calculations, and also enables a more balanced description of different excitation types. The best-performing TD-based methods in our cross validation have mean absolute deviations as low as 0.14 eV compared to the time- and resource-intensive CC3 approach. A very important finding is that we also obtained SOS variants with excellent performance, contrary to wave function based methods. This opens a future pathway to highly efficient methods for the optimization of excited-state geometries, particularly when paired with computing strategies such as the Laplace transform. We recommend our SCS- and SOS-based variants for further testing and subsequent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schwabe
- Center for Bioinformatics and Physical Chemistry Institute, University of Hamburg , Bundesstraße 43, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Goerigk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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27
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Bull JN, Coughlan NJA, Bieske EJ. Protomer-Specific Photochemistry Investigated Using Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6021-6027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bull
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Evan J. Bieske
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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28
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Lim SF, Harris BL, Khairallah GN, Bieske EJ, Maître P, da Silva G, Adamson BD, Scholz MS, Coughlan NJA, O'Hair RAJ, Rathjen M, Stares D, White JM. Seleniranium Ions Undergo π-Ligand Exchange via an Associative Mechanism in the Gas Phase. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6289-6297. [PMID: 28530810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry of the ammonium ions 4a and 4b results in the formation of the seleniranium ion 5, the structure and purity of which were verified using gas-phase infrared spectroscopy coupled to mass spectrometry and gas-phase ion-mobility measurements. Ion-molecule reactions between the ion 5 (m/z = 261) and cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, and cyclooctene resulted in the formation of the seleniranium ions 7 (m/z = 225), 6 (m/z = 239), 8 (m/z = 253), and 9 (m/z = 267), respectively. Further reaction of seleniranium 6 with cyclopentene resulted in further π-ligand exchange giving seleniranium ion 7, confirming that direct π-ligand exchange between seleniranium ion 5 and cycloalkenes occurs in the gas phase. Pseudo-first-order kinetics established relative reaction efficiencies for π-ligand exchange for cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene. and cyclooctene as 0.20, 0.07, 0.43, and 4.32. respectively. DFT calculations at the M06/6-31+G(d) level of theory provide the following insights into the mechanism of the π-ligand exchange reactions; the cycloalkene forms a complex with the seleniranium ion 5 with binding energies of 57 and 62 kJ/mol for cyclopentene and cyclohexene, respectively, with transition states for π-ligand exchange having barriers of 17.8 and 19.3 kJ/mol for cyclopentene and cyclohexene, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fern Lim
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Harris
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - George N Khairallah
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia.,Accurate Mass Scientific Pty Ltd., P.O. Box 92, Keilor, VIC 3036, Australia
| | - E J Bieske
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Brian D Adamson
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Michael S Scholz
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Neville J A Coughlan
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Richard A J O'Hair
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Rathjen
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel Stares
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Jonathan M White
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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29
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Poyer S, Comby-Zerbino C, Choi CM, MacAleese L, Deo C, Bogliotti N, Xie J, Salpin JY, Dugourd P, Chirot F. Conformational Dynamics in Ion Mobility Data. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4230-4237. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Poyer
- LAMBE,
Université Evry Val d’Essonne, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91025, Evry, France
| | - Clothilde Comby-Zerbino
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chang Min Choi
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Luke MacAleese
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Deo
- PPSM,
ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - Nicolas Bogliotti
- PPSM,
ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - Juan Xie
- PPSM,
ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94235 Cachan, France
| | - Jean-Yves Salpin
- LAMBE,
Université Evry Val d’Essonne, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91025, Evry, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fabien Chirot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ens de Lyon, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
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30
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Bauer CA, Hansen A, Grimme S. The Fractional Occupation Number Weighted Density as a Versatile Analysis Tool for Molecules with a Complicated Electronic Structure. Chemistry 2017; 23:6150-6164. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Alexander Bauer
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
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31
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Bull JN, Scholz MS, Coughlan NJA, Bieske EJ. Isomerisation of an intramolecular hydrogen-bonded photoswitch: protonated azobis(2-imidazole). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12776-12783. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01733b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reversible E–Z photoswitching of a protonated azoheteroarene is demonstrated using ion mobility mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bull
- School of Chemistry
- University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
| | | | | | - Evan J. Bieske
- School of Chemistry
- University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
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32
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Bull JN, Scholz MS, Coughlan NJA, Kawai A, Bieske EJ. Monitoring Isomerization of Molecules in Solution Using Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:11978-11981. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bull
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Michael S. Scholz
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Akio Kawai
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ohokayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Evan J. Bieske
- School
of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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33
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Lin L, Zhang Z, Lu Z, Guo Y, Liu M. Two-Photon-Induced Isomerization of Spiropyran/Merocyanine at the Air/Water Interface Probed by Second Harmonic Generation. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7859-7864. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b08053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, P. R. China
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34
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Coughlan NJA, Scholz MS, Hansen CS, Trevitt AJ, Adamson BD, Bieske EJ. Photo and Collision Induced Isomerization of a Cyclic Retinal Derivative: An Ion Mobility Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1483-1490. [PMID: 27278825 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A cationic degradation product, formed in solution from retinal Schiff base (RSB), is examined in the gas phase using ion mobility spectrometry, photoisomerization action spectroscopy, and collision induced dissociation (CID). The degradation product is found to be N-n-butyl-2-(β-ionylidene)-4-methylpyridinium (BIP) produced through 6π electrocyclization of RSB followed by protonation and loss of dihydrogen. Ion mobility measurements show that BIP exists as trans and cis isomers that can be interconverted through buffer gas collisions and by exposure to light, with a maximum response at λ = 420 nm.Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael S Scholz
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Adam J Trevitt
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Brian D Adamson
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Evan J Bieske
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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35
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Coughlan NJA, Wallace CM, Adamson BD, Bieske EJ. Photoisomerization of β-Ionone Protonated Schiff Base in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6557-62. [PMID: 27483192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The photoisomerization of β-ionone protonated Schiff base (BIPSB) is investigated in the gas phase by irradiating mobility-selected ions in a tandem ion mobility spectrometer with tunable radiation. Four distinguishable isomers are produced by electrospray ionization whose structures are deduced from their collision cross sections and photoisomerization behavior along with density functional theory calculations. They include two geometric isomers of BIPSB with trans or cis configurations about the polyene chain's terminal C═N double bond, a bicyclic structure formed through electrocyclization of the polyene chain, and a Z-retro-γ-ionone isomer. Although trans-BIPSB and 9-cis-BIPSB have similar photoisomerization action spectra, with a maximum response at 375 nm, they photoconvert to different isomers. The trans-BIPSB isomer transforms to the bicyclic form upon exposure to light over the 320-400 nm range, whereas the cis-BIPSB isomer is prevented by steric hindrance from forming the bicyclic BIPSB isomer following irradiation and is proposed instead to form the 7,9-di-cis isomer. Neither the bicyclic isomer nor the Z-retro-γ-ionone isomer respond strongly to near-UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire M Wallace
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brian D Adamson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Evan J Bieske
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia
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36
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Jeanne Dit Fouque K, Lavanant H, Zirah S, Steinmetz V, Rebuffat S, Maître P, Afonso C. IRMPD Spectroscopy: Evidence of Hydrogen Bonding in the Gas Phase Conformations of Lasso Peptides and their Branched-Cyclic Topoisomers. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3810-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b04496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jeanne Dit Fouque
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014, FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Lavanant
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014, FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Séverine Zirah
- Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes, UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris Sud, UMR 8000 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Bât. 349, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Rebuffat
- Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes, UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Maître
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris Sud, UMR 8000 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Bât. 349, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014, FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
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37
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Choi C, Simon AL, Chirot F, Kulesza A, Knight G, Daly S, MacAleese L, Antoine R, Dugourd P. Charge, Color, and Conformation: Spectroscopy on Isomer-Selected Peptide Ions. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:709-14. [PMID: 26756462 PMCID: PMC4819951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b11919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the chromism induced by intramolecular hydrogen and charge transfers within proteins as well as the isomerization of both protein and cofactor is essential not only to understand photoactive signaling pathways but also to design targeted opto-switchable proteins. We used a dual-ion mobility drift tube coupled to a tunable picosecond laser to explore the optical and structural properties of a peptide chain bound to a chromophore-a prototype system allowing for a proton transfer coupled to conformational change. With the support of molecular dynamics and DFT calculations, we show how proton transfer between the peptide and its cofactor can dramatically modify the optical properties of the system and demonstrate that these changes can be triggered by collisional activation in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang
Min Choi
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Anne-Laure Simon
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Fabien Chirot
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Alexander Kulesza
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Geoffrey Knight
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Steven Daly
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Luke MacAleese
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Rodolphe Antoine
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Institut Lumière Matière and Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Lyon 1—CNRS, Université
de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Coughlan NJA, Adamson BD, Gamon L, Catani K, Bieske EJ. Retinal shows its true colours: photoisomerization action spectra of mobility-selected isomers of the retinal protonated Schiff base. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:22623-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03611a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Isomers of the retinal protonated Schiff base are separated and probed using laser radiation in a tandem ion mobility spectrometer yielding isomer-specific electronic spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. D. Adamson
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - L. Gamon
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - K. Catani
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - E. J. Bieske
- School of Chemistry
- The University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
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