1
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Mankaev BN, Karlov SS. Metal Complexes in the Synthesis of Biodegradable Polymers: Achievements and Prospects. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6682. [PMID: 37895663 PMCID: PMC10608263 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent advances in the synthesis of homopolymers of lactide and related cyclic esters via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of metal complexes based on group 1, 2, 4, 12, 13 and 14 metals. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the initiator structure on the properties of the obtaining homo- and copolymers. Also, a separate chapter is devoted to the study of metal complexes in the synthesis of copolymers of lactide and lactones. This review highlights the efforts made over the last ten years or so, and shows how main-group metals have received increasing attention in the field of the polymerization of lactide and related cyclic esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badma N. Mankaev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey S. Karlov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Baalbaki HA, Goonesinghe C, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cooperative Initiation in a Dinuclear Indium Complex for CO 2 Epoxide Copolymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1968-1977. [PMID: 36688644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear indium complexes have been synthesized and characterized. These include neutral and cationic indium complexes supported by a Schiff base ligand bearing a binaphthol linker. The new compounds were investigated for alternating copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide. In particular, the neutral indium chloride complex (±)-[(ONapNiN)InCl2]2 (4) showed high conversion of cyclohexene oxide and selectivity for poly(cyclohexene carbonate) formation without cocatalysts at 80 °C under various CO2 pressures (2-30 bar). Importantly, the reactivity of the dinuclear indium chloride complex 4 is drastically different from that of the mononuclear indium chloride complex (±)-(NNiOtBu)InCl2 (5), suggesting a cooperative initiation mechanism involving the two indium centers in 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hassan A Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
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3
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Jung HJ, Yu I, Nyamayaro K, Mehrkhodavandi P. Indium-Catalyzed Block Copolymerization of Lactide and Methyl Methacrylate by Sequential Addition. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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4
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Goonesinghe C, Roshandel H, Diaz C, Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Ezhova M, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cationic indium catalysts for ring opening polymerization: tuning reactivity with hemilabile ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6485-6491. [PMID: 34094114 PMCID: PMC8159295 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01291b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a comprehensive study of the effects of rationally designed hemilabile ligands on the stability, reactivity, and change in catalytic behavior of indium complexes. We report cationic alkyl indium complexes supported by a family of hemi-salen type ligands bearing hemilabile thiophenyl (2a), furfuryl (2b) and pyridyl (2c) pendant donor arms. Shelf-life and stability of these complexes followed the trend 2a < 2b < 2c, showing direct correlation to the affinity of the pendant donor group to the indium center. Reactivity towards polymerization of epichlorohydrin and cyclohexene oxide followed the trend 2a > 2b > 2c with control of polymerization following an inverse relationship to reactivity. Surprisingly, 2c polymerized racemic lactide without an external initiator, likely through an alkyl-initiated coordination-insertion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hootan Roshandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Maria Ezhova
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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5
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Soobrattee S, Zhai X, Nyamayaro K, Diaz C, Kelley P, Ebrahimi T, Mehrkhodavandi P. Dinucleating Amino-Phenolate Platform for Zinc Catalysts: Impact on Lactide Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5546-5557. [PMID: 32223228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report imine- and amine-based dinucleating ligands bearing a bisphenol backbone and explore their coordination chemistry with zinc to form zinc alkyl, alkoxide, acetate, and amide complexes. Full characterization of the complexes shows that this ligand framework can support dinuclear and trinuclear complexes. We explore the reactivity of the zinc alkyl and alkoxide complexes as catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of lactide and compared this reactivity to analogous mononuclear complexes. We show that 1) The amine-based complexes are more reactive than the imine-based analogues; 2) The trinuclear zinc alkyl species show unusual control and reproducibility for lactide polymerization; and 3) The extent of bimetallic cooperation is hampered by the ability of the ligand framework to form trinuclear clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Soobrattee
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xiaofang Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Carlos Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Paul Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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6
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Dodonov VA, Morozov AG, Rumyantsev RV, Fukin GK, Skatova AA, Roesky PW, Fedushkin IL. Synthesis and ε-Caprolactone Polymerization Activity of Electron-Deficient Gallium and Aluminum Species Containing a Charged Redox-Active dpp-Bian Ligand. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16559-16573. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Dodonov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 15, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Alexander G. Morozov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Roman V. Rumyantsev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra A. Skatova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 15, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Igor L. Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
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7
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Kremer AB, Mehrkhodavandi P. Dinuclear catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of lactide. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Gao J, Zhu D, Zhang W, Solan GA, Ma Y, Sun WH. Recent progress in the application of group 1, 2 & 13 metal complexes as catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent developments concerned with the use of well-defined main group complexes as (pre-)catalysts for the ROP of cyclic esters to give aliphatic polyesters; factors influencing catalytic activity, selectivity and polymer properties are all discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - Dongzhi Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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9
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Pan Y, Li W, Wei NN, So YM, Lai X, Li Y, Jiang K, He G. Highly active rare-earth metal catalysts for heteroselective ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:9079-9088. [PMID: 31017172 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00541b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rare-earth metal complexes usually exhibit high activities in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide, yet only a few scandium complexes have shown satisfactory activity. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of chiral anilido-oxazoline-supported scandium and yttrium complexes that exhibit high activity in the ROP of racemic lactide (rac-LA). Complexes La-f-Ln(CH2SiMe3)2THF (La-f = 2-(2,6-R2PhN)-phenyl-4-(S)-R'-oxazoline; for 1a-f: L = La-f, Ln = Sc; for 2a-d: L = La-d, Ln = Y) were synthesized via the convenient one-pot reaction of Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (Ln = Sc, Y) with the corresponding proligands. The crystal structures of 1a, 1d, 1e, and 1f were isostructural, adopting a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration. Sc complexes 1 showed outstanding activity in the ROP of rac-LA with heteroselectivity. TOFs of up to 720 h-1 and 2910 h-1 were obtained in THF at room temperature and toluene at 60 °C, respectively. To our knowledge, these are the highest activities reported for Sc systems. Y complexes 2 showed higher activity and heteroselectivity than the Sc complexes, with TOFs of up to 1176 h-1 in THF at room temperature. Compared with the ortho-substituent on the anilido moiety, the bulky substituent at the chiral center of the oxazoline ring had a greater effect on controlling the heteroselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
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10
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Cols JMEP, Hill VG, Williams SK, McIntosh RD. Aggregated initiators: defining their role in the ROP of rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10626-10635. [PMID: 29796503 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01229f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reported examples of aggregated initiators for the ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of lactide often lack detailed investigations as to the nature of the active species, making it difficult to reconcile ligand design with performance. Here, we offer additional stability to the polynuclear titanium complexes, TiL(OiPr) (L = 9-14), through a bridging carboxylate anchored to the supporting amine bis(phenolate) ligands. An in-depth study of solution-state behaviour determined the process of assembly was driven by interactions between the carboxylate and a vacant site on a neighbouring titanium centre. Furthermore, we establish that mononuclear units form dynamic mixtures of polynuclear aggregates, with a clear relationship between nuclearity of the aggregates and the steric bulk on the ligand. Smaller aggregates displayed increased activity towards the ROP of rac-lactide. Furthermore, addition of a chiral centre, on the ligand framework, was investigated as a route to influence the selectivity of the polymerisation via easily-accessible initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie E P Cols
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Victoria G Hill
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Stella K Williams
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Ruaraidh D McIntosh
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
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11
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Osten KM, Mehrkhodavandi P. Indium Catalysts for Ring Opening Polymerization: Exploring the Importance of Catalyst Aggregation. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:2861-2869. [PMID: 29087695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inexorably, the environmental persistence and damage caused by polyolefins have become major drawbacks to their continued long-term use. Global shifts in thinking from fossil-fuel to renewable biobased resources have urged researchers to focus their attention on substituting fossil-fuel based polymers with renewable and biodegradable alternatives on an industrial scale. The recent development of biodegradable polyesters from ring opening polymerization (ROP) of bioderived cyclic ester monomers has emerged as a promising new avenue toward this goal. Ever increasing numbers of metal-based initiators have been reported in the literature for the controlled ROP of cyclic esters, in particular for the polymerization of lactide to produce poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PLA has several material weaknesses, which hinder its use as a replacement for commodity plastics. Despite many advances in developing highly active and controlled catalysts for lactide polymerization, no single catalyst system has emerged to replace industrially used catalysts and provide access to PLA materials with improved properties. We reported the first example of indium(III) for the ring opening polymerization of lactide. Since then, indium(III) has emerged as a useful Lewis acid in initiators for the controlled polymerization of lactide and other cyclic esters. In particular, we have developed a large family of chiral dinuclear indium complexes bearing tridentate diaminophenolate ligands and tetradentate salen and salan ligands. Complexes within our tridentate ligand family are highly active initiators for the moderately isoselective living and immortal polymerization of rac-lactide, as well as other cyclic esters. We have shown that subtle steric effects influence aggregation in these systems, with polymerization typically proceeding through a dinuclear propagating species. In addition, profound effects on polymerization activities have been observed for central tertiary versus secondary amine donors in these and other related systems. In contrast, our well-controlled and highly active chiral indium salen systems are more isoselective than the tridentate analogues and polymerize lactide via a mononuclear propagating species. Again, we have noticed that subtle steric and electronic changes to the ligand can influence both polymerization activity and stereoselectivity via aggregation phenomena. Recently, we have reported a promising new chiral indium catalyst supported by a tetradentate salan ligand. This catalyst is remarkably water and air stable and can be activated by linear and branched alcohols to provide controlled access to multiblock copolymers in air. This catalyst represents an important step forward toward generating new, commercially relevant catalysts for ROP of cyclic esters to produce novel biodegradable polymers, and highlights the unique value of indium-based catalysts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M. Osten
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
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12
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Xia Q, Cui Y, Yuan D, Wang Y, Yao Y. Synthesis and characterization of lanthanide complexes stabilized by N -aryl substituted β -ketoiminato ligands and their application in the polymerization of rac -lactide. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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14
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Kremer AB, Andrews RJ, Milner MJ, Zhang XR, Ebrahimi T, Patrick BO, Diaconescu PL, Mehrkhodavandi P. A Comparison of Gallium and Indium Alkoxide Complexes as Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1375-1385. [PMID: 28103034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the metal size and Lewis acidity on the polymerization activity of group 13 metal complexes was studied, and it was shown that, within the same ligand family, indium complexes are far more reactive and selective than their gallium analogues. To this end, gallium and aluminum complexes supported by a tridentate diaminophenolate ligand, as well as gallium complexes supported by N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylimine)(salen) ligands, were synthesized and compared to their indium analogues. Using the tridentate ligand set, it was possible to isolate the gallium chloride complexes 3 and (±)-4 and the aluminum analogues 5 and (±)-6. The alkoxygallium complex (±)-2, supported by a salen ligand, was also prepared and characterized and, along with the three-component system GaCl3/BnOH/NEt3, was tested for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide and ε-caprolactone. The polymerization rates and selectivities of both systems were significantly lower than those for the indium analogues. The reaction of (±)-2 with 1 equiv of lactide forms the first insertion product, which is stable in solution and can be characterized at room temperature. In order to understand the differences of the reactivity within the group 13 metal complexes, a Lewis acidity study using triethylphosphine oxide (the Gutmann-Beckett method) was undertaken for a series of aluminum, gallium, and indium halide complexes; this study shows that indium halide complexes are less Lewis acidic than their aluminum and gallium analogues. Density functional theory calculations show that the Mulliken charges for the indium complexes are higher than those for the gallium analogues. These data suggest that the impact of ligands on the reactivity is more significant than that of the metal Lewis acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre B Kremer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan J Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew J Milner
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xu R Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paula L Diaconescu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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15
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Beament J, Mahon MF, Buchard A, Jones MD. Salan group 13 complexes – structural study and lactide polymerisation. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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McKeown P, Brown-Humes J, Davidson MG, Mahon MF, Woodman TJ, Jones MD. Ligands and complexes based on piperidine and their exploitation of the ring opening polymerisation of rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5048-5057. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ligands based on 2-aminomethyl piperidine have been prepared, complexed to a variety of metals and tested for their ability to polymerise lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul McKeown
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | | | - Matthew G. Davidson
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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17
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Chile LE, Ebrahimi T, Wong A, Aluthge DC, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. Impact of aryloxy initiators on the living and immortal polymerization of lactide. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6723-6733. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This report describes two different methodologies for the synthesis of aryl end-functionalized poly(lactide)s (PLAs) catalyzed by indium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.-E. Chile
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - T. Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - A. Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - D. C. Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - S. G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - P. Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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18
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Ebrahimi T, Aluthge DC, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. Highly Active Chiral Zinc Catalysts for Immortal Polymerization of β-Butyrolactone Form Melt Processable Syndio-Rich Poly(hydroxybutyrate). Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Dinesh C. Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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19
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Kirk SM, Kociok-Köhn G, Jones MD. Zirconium vs Aluminum Salalen Initiators for the Production of Biopolymers. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Kirk
- Doctoral Training
Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Doctoral Training
Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Matthew D. Jones
- Doctoral Training
Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies and ‡Department of
Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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20
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Lanthanide alkoxide complexes stabilized by a novel salen-type Schiff-base ligand: Synthesis, structure, and catalysis for the polymerization of lactide. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Ebrahimi T, Mamleeva E, Yu I, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. The Role of Nitrogen Donors in Zinc Catalysts for Lactide Ring-Opening Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9445-53. [PMID: 27580374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The electronic effects of nitrogen donors in zinc catalysts for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters were investigated. Alkyl and benzyloxy zinc complexes supported by tridentate diamino- and aminoimino phenolate ligands were synthesized, and their solid-state and solution structures characterized. The solution-state structures showed that the alkyl complexes are mononuclear, while the alkoxy complexes are dimeric with the ligands coordinated with different denticities depending on the nature of the ligand donors. The catalytic activities of these compounds toward the ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide were studied and showed that catalysts with secondary and imine nitrogen donors are more active than analogues with tertiary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Emiliya Mamleeva
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Savvas G Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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22
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Kremer AB, Osten KM, Yu I, Ebrahimi T, Aluthge DC, Mehrkhodavandi P. Dinucleating Ligand Platforms Supporting Indium and Zinc Catalysts for Cyclic Ester Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5365-74. [PMID: 27187767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the first alkoxide-bridged indium complex supported by a chiral dinucleating ligand platform (1), along with its zinc analogue (2), is reported. Both complexes are synthesized in a one-pot reaction starting from a chiral dinucleating bis(diamino)phenolate ligand platform, sodium ethoxide, and respective metal salts. The dinucleating indium analogue (7) based on an achiral ligand backbone is also reported. Indium complexes bearing either the chiral or achiral ligand catalyze the ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide (rac-LA) to afford highly heterotactic poly(lactic acid) (PLA; Pr > 0.85). The indium complex bearing an achiral ligand affords essentially atactic PLA from meso-LA. The role of the dinucleating ligand structure in catalyst synthesis and polymerization activity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre B Kremer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kimberly M Osten
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Insun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dinesh C Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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23
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Chile LE, Mehrkhodavandi P, Hatzikiriakos SG. A Comparison of the Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Isotactic, Syndiotactic, and Heterotactic Poly(lactide). Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Love-Ese Chile
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2036
Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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24
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McKeown P, Davidson MG, Lowe JP, Mahon MF, Thomas LH, Woodman TJ, Jones MD. Aminopiperidine based complexes for lactide polymerisation. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:5374-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04695e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of new ligands based on a 2-(aminomethyl)piperidine motif have been prepared. An interesting diversity in structure is observed, all complexes have been trialled for the polymerisation of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. McKeown
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - M. G. Davidson
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - J. P. Lowe
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - M. F. Mahon
- Crystallography Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - L. H. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - T. J. Woodman
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - M. D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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25
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Kirk SM, Quilter HC, Buchard A, Thomas LH, Kociok-Kohn G, Jones MD. Monomeric and dimeric Al(iii) complexes for the production of polylactide. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13846-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02861f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Fortun S, Daneshmand P, Schaper F. Isotacticrac-Lactide Polymerization with Copper Complexes: The Influence of Complex Nuclearity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Fortun S, Daneshmand P, Schaper F. Isotacticrac-Lactide Polymerization with Copper Complexes: The Influence of Complex Nuclearity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13669-72. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Ebrahimi T, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. Synthesis and Rheological Characterization of Star-Shaped and Linear Poly(hydroxybutyrate). Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Ebrahimi
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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29
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Aluthge DC, Ahn JM, Mehrkhodavandi P. Overcoming aggregation in indium salen catalysts for isoselective lactide polymerization. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5284-5292. [PMID: 29449930 PMCID: PMC5669251 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01584g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A methodology for controlling aggregation in highly active and isoselective indium catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of racemic lactide is reported. A series of racemic and enantiopure dinuclear indium ethoxide complexes bearing salen ligands [(ONNOR)InOEt]2 (R = Br, Me, admantyl, cumyl, t-Bu) were synthesized and fully characterized. Mononuclear analogues (ONNOR)InOCH2Pyr (R = Br, t-Bu, SiPh3) were synthesized by controlling aggregation with the use of chelating 2-pyridinemethoxide functionality. The nuclearity of metal complexes was confirmed using PGSE NMR spectroscopy. Detailed kinetic studies show a clear initiation period for these dinuclear catalysts, which is lacking in their mononuclear analogues. The polymerization behavior of analogous dinuclear and mononuclear compounds is identical and consistent with a mononuclear propagating species. The isotacticity of the resulting polymers was investigated using direct integration and peak deconvolution methodologies and the two were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Aluthge
- Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T 1Z1 , Canada .
| | - J M Ahn
- Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T 1Z1 , Canada .
| | - P Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T 1Z1 , Canada .
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30
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Yu I, Ebrahimi T, Hatzikiriakos SG, Mehrkhodavandi P. Star-shaped PHB–PLA block copolymers: immortal polymerization with dinuclear indium catalysts. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:14248-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02357b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The first example of a one-component precursor to star-shaped polyesters, and its utilization in the synthesis of previously unknown star-shaped poly(hydroxybutyrate)–poly(lactic acid) block copolymers, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - T. Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
| | - S. G. Hatzikiriakos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - P. Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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