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Lopes LR, Losi MA, Sheikh N, Laroche C, Charron P, Gimeno J, Kaski JP, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L, Arbustini E, Brito D, Celutkiene J, Hagege A, Linhart A, Mogensen J, Garcia-Pinilla JM, Ripoll-Vera T, Seggewiss H, Villacorta E, Caforio A, Elliott PM, Beleslin B, Budaj A, Chioncel O, Dagres N, Danchin N, Erlinge D, Emberson J, Glikson M, Gray A, Kayikcioglu M, Maggioni A, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Petronio AS, Hesselink JR, Wallentin L, Zeymer U, Caforio A, Blanes JRG, Charron P, Elliott P, Kaski JP, Maggioni AP, Tavazzi L, Tendera M, Komissarova S, Chakova N, Niyazova S, Linhart A, Kuchynka P, Palecek T, Podzimkova J, Fikrle M, Nemecek E, Bundgaard H, Tfelt-Hansen J, Theilade J, Thune JJ, Axelsson A, Mogensen J, Henriksen F, Hey T, Nielsen SK, Videbaek L, Andreasen S, Arnsted H, Saad A, Ali M, Lommi J, Helio T, Nieminen MS, Dubourg O, Mansencal N, Arslan M, Tsieu VS, Damy T, Guellich A, Guendouz S, Tissot CM, Lamine A, Rappeneau S, Hagege A, Desnos M, Bachet A, Hamzaoui M, Charron P, Isnard R, Legrand L, Maupain C, Gandjbakhch E, Kerneis M, Pruny JF, Bauer A, Pfeiffer B, Felix SB, Dorr M, Kaczmarek S, Lehnert K, Pedersen AL, Beug D, Bruder M, Böhm M, Kindermann I, Linicus Y, Werner C, Neurath B, Schild-Ungerbuehler M, Seggewiss H, Pfeiffer B, Neugebauer A, McKeown P, Muir A, McOsker J, Jardine T, Divine G, Elliott P, Lorenzini M, Watkinson O, Wicks E, Iqbal H, Mohiddin S, O'Mahony C, Sekri N, Carr-White G, Bueser T, Rajani R, Clack L, Damm J, Jones S, Sanchez-Vidal R, Smith M, Walters T, Wilson K, Rosmini S, Anastasakis A, Ritsatos K, Vlagkouli V, Forster T, Sepp R, Borbas J, Nagy V, Tringer A, Kakonyi K, Szabo LA, Maleki M, Bezanjani FN, Amin A, Naderi N, Parsaee M, Taghavi S, Ghadrdoost B, Jafari S, Khoshavi M, Rapezzi C, Biagini E, Corsini A, Gagliardi C, Graziosi M, Longhi S, Milandri A, Ragni L, Palmieri S, Olivotto I, Arretini A, Castelli G, Cecchi F, Fornaro A, Tomberli B, Spirito P, Devoto E, Bella PD, Maccabelli G, Sala S, Guarracini F, Peretto G, Russo MG, Calabro R, Pacileo G, Limongelli G, Masarone D, Pazzanese V, Rea A, Rubino M, Tramonte S, Valente F, Caiazza M, Cirillo A, Del Giorno G, Esposito A, Gravino R, Marrazzo T, Trimarco B, Losi MA, Di Nardo C, Giamundo A, Musella F, Pacelli F, Scatteia A, Canciello G, Caforio A, Iliceto S, Calore C, Leoni L, Marra MP, Rigato I, Tarantini G, Schiavo A, Testolina M, Arbustini E, Di Toro A, Giuliani LP, Serio A, Fedele F, Frustaci A, Alfarano M, Chimenti C, Drago F, Baban A, Calò L, Lanzillo C, Martino A, Uguccioni M, Zachara E, Halasz G, Re F, Sinagra G, Carriere C, Merlo M, Ramani F, Kavoliuniene A, Krivickiene A, Tamuleviciute-Prasciene E, Viezelis M, Celutkiene J, Balkeviciene L, Laukyte M, Paleviciute E, Pinto Y, Wilde A, Asselbergs FW, Sammani A, Van Der Heijden J, Van Laake L, De Jonge N, Hassink R, Kirkels JH, Ajuluchukwu J, Olusegun-Joseph A, Ekure E, Mizia-Stec K, Tendera M, Czekaj A, Sikora-Puz A, Skoczynska A, Wybraniec M, Rubis P, Dziewiecka E, Wisniowska-Smialek S, Bilinska Z, Chmielewski P, Foss-Nieradko B, Michalak E, Stepien-Wojno M, Mazek B, Lopes LR, Almeida AR, Cruz I, Gomes AC, Pereira AR, Brito D, Madeira H, Francisco AR, Menezes M, Moldovan O, Guimaraes TO, Silva D, Ginghina C, Jurcut R, Mursa A, Popescu BA, Apetrei E, Militaru S, Coman IM, Frigy A, Fogarasi Z, Kocsis I, Szabo IA, Fehervari L, Nikitin I, Resnik E, Komissarova M, Lazarev V, Shebzukhova M, Ustyuzhanin D, Blagova O, Alieva I, Kulikova V, Lutokhina Y, Pavlenko E, Varionchik N, Ristic AD, Seferovic PM, Veljic I, Zivkovic I, Milinkovic I, Pavlovic A, Radovanovic G, Simeunovic D, Zdravkovic M, Aleksic M, Djokic J, Hinic S, Klasnja S, Mircetic K, Monserrat L, Fernandez X, Garcia-Giustiniani D, Larrañaga JM, Ortiz-Genga M, Barriales-Villa R, Martinez-Veira C, Veira E, Cequier A, Salazar-Mendiguchia J, Manito N, Gonzalez J, Fernández-Avilés F, Medrano C, Yotti R, Cuenca S, Espinosa MA, Mendez I, Zatarain E, Alvarez R, Pavia PG, Briceno A, Cobo-Marcos M, Dominguez F, Galvan EDT, Pinilla JMG, Abdeselam-Mohamed N, Lopez-Garrido MA, Hidalgo LM, Ortega-Jimenez MV, Mezcua AR, Guijarro-Contreras A, Gomez-Garcia D, Robles-Mezcua M, Blanes JRG, Castro FJ, Esparza CM, Molina MS, García MS, Cuenca DL, de Mallorca P, Ripoll-Vera T, Alvarez J, Nunez J, Gomez Y, Fernandez PLS, Villacorta E, Avila C, Bravo L, Diaz-Pelaez E, Gallego-Delgado M, Garcia-Cuenllas L, Plata B, Lopez-Haldon JE, Pena Pena ML, Perez EMC, Zorio E, Arnau MA, Sanz J, Marques-Sule E. Association between common cardiovascular risk factors and clinical phenotype in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EurObservational Research Programme (EORP) Cardiomyopathy/Myocarditis registry. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2022; 9:42-53. [PMID: 35138368 PMCID: PMC9745665 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The interaction between common cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is poorly studied. We sought to explore the relation between CVRF and the clinical characteristics of patients with HCM enrolled in the EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Cardiomyopathy registry. METHODS AND RESULTS 1739 patients with HCM were studied. The relation between hypertension (HT), diabetes (DM), body mass index (BMI), and clinical traits was analysed. Analyses were stratified according to the presence or absence of a pathogenic variant in a sarcomere gene. The prevalence of HT, DM, and obesity (Ob) was 37, 10, and 21%, respectively. HT, DM, and Ob were associated with older age (P<0.001), less family history of HCM (HT and DM P<0.001), higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (P<0.001), atrial fibrillation (HT and DM P<0.001; Ob p = 0.03) and LV (left ventricular) diastolic dysfunction (HT and Ob P<0.001; DM P = 0.003). Stroke was more frequent in HT (P<0.001) and mutation-positive patients with DM (P = 0.02). HT and Ob were associated with higher provocable LV outflow tract gradients (HT P<0.001, Ob P = 0.036). LV hypertrophy was more severe in Ob (P = 0.018). HT and Ob were independently associated with NYHA class (OR 1.419, P = 0.017 and OR 1.584, P = 0.004, respectively). Other associations, including a higher proportion of females in HT and of systolic dysfunction in HT and Ob, were observed only in mutation-positive patients. CONCLUSION Common CVRF are associated with a more severe HCM phenotype, suggesting a proactive management of CVRF should be promoted. An interaction between genotype and CVRF was observed for some traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Lopes
- Corresponding author. Tel: +447765109343, , Twitter handle: @LuisRLopesDr
| | - Maria-Angela Losi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Nabeel Sheikh
- Department of Cardiology and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Guy's and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Cécile Laroche
- EORP, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | | | | | - Juan P Kaski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, UK,Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- EORP, European Society of Cardiology, Sophia-Antipolis, France,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Via Corriera, 1, Cotignola 48033 RA, Italy
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care&Research, Via Corriera, 1, Cotignola 48033 RA, Italy
| | | | - Dulce Brito
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon 1169-050, Portugal,CCUL, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz MB, Lisbon 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Jelena Celutkiene
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Universiteto g. 3, Vilnius 01513, Lithuania,State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Ales Linhart
- 2nd Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, General University Hospital and First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Opletalova 38, Prague 110 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jens Mogensen
- Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, J. B. Winsløws Vej 4, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - José Manuel Garcia-Pinilla
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca y Cardiopatías Familiares. Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria. IBIMA. Málaga and Ciber-Cardiovascular. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomas Ripoll-Vera
- Inherited Cardiovascular Disease Unit Son Llatzer University Hospital & IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Hubert Seggewiss
- Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz (DZHI), Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus 15A, 97078 Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo Villacorta
- Member of National Centers of expertise for familial cardiopathies (CSUR), Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca. Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), CIBERCV, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Perry M Elliott
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, UK,St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Rd, London E1 1BB, UK
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Msulaiman H, Connolly H, McOsker J, Jardine T, McCall D, McKeown P, Muir A. Nine year experience of the Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiac Conditions Service (NI ICC of slow vs. rapid ajmaline infusion protocols for the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome (BrS). Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
BrS is diagnosed in patients with ST-segment elevation with type1 morphology ≥2mm in one or more leads among the right precordial leads V1 and/or V2 positioned in the second, third or fourth intercostal space, occurring either spontaneously or after provocative drug test with intravenous administration of sodium channel blockers (ie. ajmaline, flecainide, procainamide or pilsicainide). The specific protocol for Ajmaline provocation testing for diagnosis of BrS has been debated between ICC services worldwide. Concerns regarding safety and false positive rates are perceived to be associated with a more rapid infusion protocol. This retrospective observational cohort study describes the safety and positivity rates for patients undergoing ajmaline provocation challenge by both protocols over nine years.
Method
Consecutive adults undergoing ajmaline challenge test from Mach 2011 to Feb 2020 were retrospectively collected. Data on patient demographics, indication for testing, genetic information, adverse events and positivity rates were compared by test protocol used. Slow protocol was defined as total dose of 1mg/kg ajmaline capped at 100mg given at rate of 10mg/min over 10 minutes. Rapid protocol was defined as 1mg/kg ajmaline capped at 100mg given over 5 minutes.
Results
A total of 350 ajmaline challenges were included (275 (73%) slow vs. 75 (27%) rapid protocol) [Mean age 40±15 years; 53% male]. Indication for conducting the test was a) Family history of Brugada syndrome 164 (43%) b) Family history of SADS/SUD 103 (28%), c) OOHCA 22 (6%) d) abnormal ECG 39 (11%) and e) syncope 22 (6%). Among the positive test group, average time for test positivity is 5.92 minutes and average dose was 55mgs (p<0.05). There were no differences between positivity rate between the two protocols, group A vs. group B, p=0.45, ns. Comparison between all patients with positive vs. negative results regardless of the protocol, showed no statistical differences. Predominantly male in both groups (p=0.71, ns) and mean age of patients in their 40's (p=0.93, ns). There is a trend that positive patients likely to have family history of BrS p=0.08, ns). 2 patients had experience jaundice at later stage which resolved.
Conclusion
In NI ICC service to date, we have performed 350 Ajmaline test over the last nine years. Our positivity rate was 21% (75/350). We did not identify any significant evidence of ventricular dysrhythmia (0) or QRS broadening (2) that resulting in early termination of the protocol. Abnormal ECG with absence of symptoms yields low. Therefore we will continue fast protocol in our service for efficiency in our unit.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Belfast Health and Social Care TrustCormac Felowship
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Affiliation(s)
- H Msulaiman
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - H Connolly
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - J McOsker
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - T Jardine
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - D McCall
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - P McKeown
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - A Muir
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions, Service, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Boudou M, Cleary E, ÓhAiseadha C, Garvey P, McKeown P, O'Dwyer J, Hynds P. Spatiotemporal epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in the Republic of Ireland, 2008-2017: development of a space-time "cluster recurrence" index. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:880. [PMID: 34454462 PMCID: PMC8401175 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ireland frequently reports the highest annual Crude Incidence Rates (CIRs) of cryptosporidiosis in the EU, with national CIRs up to ten times the EU average. Accordingly, the current study sought to examine the spatiotemporal trends associated with this potentially severe protozoan infection. Methods Overall, 4509 cases of infection from January 2008 to December 2017 were geo-referenced to a Census Small Area (SA), with an ensemble of geo-statistical approaches including seasonal decomposition, Local Moran’s I, and space–time scanning used to elucidate spatiotemporal patterns of infection. Results One or more confirmed cases were notified in 3413 of 18,641 Census SAs (18.3%), with highest case numbers occurring in the 0–5-year range (n = 2672, 59.3%). Sporadic cases were more likely male (OR 1.4) and rural (OR 2.4), with outbreak-related cases more likely female (OR 1.4) and urban (OR 1.5). Altogether, 55 space–time clusters (≥ 10 confirmed cases) of sporadic infection were detected, with three “high recurrence” regions identified; no large urban conurbations were present within recurrent clusters. Conclusions Spatiotemporal analysis represents an important indicator of infection patterns, enabling targeted epidemiological intervention and surveillance. Presented results may also be used to further understand the sources, pathways, receptors, and thus mechanisms of cryptosporidiosis in Ireland. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06598-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boudou
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Greenway Hub, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 H6K8, Republic of Ireland.
| | - E Cleary
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Greenway Hub, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 H6K8, Republic of Ireland
| | - C ÓhAiseadha
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive (HSE), Dr. Steevens' Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
| | - P Garvey
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Republic of Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 25 Middle Gardiner Street, Dublin 1, Republic of Ireland
| | - J O'Dwyer
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute (ERI), University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland.,Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Paul Hynds
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Greenway Hub, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 H6K8, Republic of Ireland. .,Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
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McKeown P, Davidson MG, Lowe JP, Mahon MF, Thomas LH, Woodman TJ, Jones MD. Aminopiperidine based complexes for lactide polymerisation. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:5374-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04695e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of new ligands based on a 2-(aminomethyl)piperidine motif have been prepared. An interesting diversity in structure is observed, all complexes have been trialled for the polymerisation of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. McKeown
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - M. G. Davidson
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
| | - J. P. Lowe
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - M. F. Mahon
- Crystallography Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - L. H. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - T. J. Woodman
- Doctoral Training Centre in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - M. D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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Wijeyeratne YD, Muggenthaler M, Batchvarov V, Tanck M, Schott JJ, Kyndt F, Probst V, Shimizu W, Borggrefe M, McKeown P, Papadakis M, Veltmann C, Horie M, Crotti L, Schwartz P, Sharma S, Makita N, Roden D, Behr ER. 16 * Ethnicity and phenotype in the SCN5A E1784K mutation. Europace 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu237.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Byrne L, Fisher I, Peters T, Mather A, Thomson N, Rosner B, Bernard H, McKeown P, Cormican M, Cowden J, Aiyedun V, Lane C. A multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Newport gastroenteritis in Europe associated with watermelon from Brazil, confirmed by whole genome sequencing: October 2011 to January 2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:6-13. [PMID: 25138971 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.31.20866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In November 2011, the presence of Salmonella Newport in a ready-to-eat watermelon slice was confirmed as part of a local food survey in England. In late December 2011, cases of S. Newport were reported in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Ireland and Germany. During the outbreak, 63 confirmed cases of S. Newport were reported across all six countries with isolates indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis from the watermelon isolate.A subset of outbreak isolates were whole-genome sequenced and were identical to, or one single nucleotide polymorphism different from the watermelon isolate.In total, 46 confirmed cases were interviewed of which 27 reported watermelon consumption. Further investigations confirmed the outbreak was linked to the consumption of watermelon imported from Brazil.Although numerous Salmonella outbreaks associated with melons have been reported in the United States and elsewhere, this is the first of its kind in Europe.Expansion of the melon import market from Brazil represents a potential threat for future outbreaks. Whole genome sequencing is rapidly becoming more accessible and can provide a compelling level of evidence of linkage between human cases and sources of infection,to support public health interventions in global food markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Byrne
- Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Garvey P, McKeown P, Kelly P, Cormican M, Anderson W, Flack A, Barron S, De Lappe N, Buckley J, Cosgrove C, Molloy D, O' Connor J, O' Sullivan P, Matthews J, Ward M, Breslin A, O' Sullivan MB, Kelleher K, McNamara A, Foley-Nolan C, Pelly H, Cloak F. Investigation and management of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 associated with duck eggs, Ireland 2009 to 2011. Euro Surveill 2013; 18:20454. [PMID: 23611032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was a very rare cause of human illness in Ireland between 2000 and 2008, with only four human isolates from three patients being identified. Over a 19-month period between August 2009 and February 2011, 34 confirmed cases and one probable case of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 were detected, all of which had an MLVA pattern 2-10-NA-12-212 or a closely related pattern. The epidemiological investigations strongly supported a linkbetween illness and exposure to duck eggs. Moreover, S. Typhimurium with an MLVA pattern indistinguishable (or closely related) to the isolates from human cases, was identified in 22 commercial and backyard duck flocks, twelve of which were linked with known human cases. A range of control measures were taken at farm level, and advice was provided to consumers on the hygienic handling and cooking of duck eggs. Although no definitive link was established with a concurrent duck egg-related outbreak of S. Typhimurium DT8 in the United Kingdom, it seems likely that the two events were related. It may be appropriate for other countries with a tradition of consuming duck eggs to consider the need for measures to reduce the risk of similar outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Garvey
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
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Garvey P, McKeown P, Kelly P, Cormican M, Anderson W, Flack A, Barron S, De Lappe N, Buckley J, Cosgrove C, Molloy D, O’Connor J, O’Sullivan P, Matthews J, Ward M, Breslin A, O’Sullivan MB, Kelleher K, McNamara A, Foley-Nolan C, Pelly H, Cloak F, Outbreak control team C. Investigation and management of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 associated with duck eggs, Ireland 2009 to 2011. Euro Surveill 2013. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.18.16.20454-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
>Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was a very rare cause of human illness in Ireland between 2000 and 2008, with only four human isolates from three patients being identified. Over a 19-month period between August 2009 and February 2011, 34 confirmed cases and one probable case of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 were detected, all of which had an MLVA pattern 2-10-NA-12-212 or a closely related pattern. The epidemiological investigations strongly supported a link between illness and exposure to duck eggs. Moreover, S. Typhimurium with an MLVA pattern indistinguishable (or closely related) to the isolates from human cases, was identified in 22 commercial and backyard duck flocks, twelve of which were linked with known human cases. A range of control measures were taken at farm level, and advice was provided to consumers on the hygienic handling and cooking of duck eggs. Although no definitive link was established with a concurrent duck egg-related outbreak of S. Typhimurium DT8 in the United Kingdom, it seems likely that the two events were related. It may be appropriate for other countries with a tradition of consuming duck eggs to consider the need for measures to reduce the risk of similar outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Garvey
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Kelly
- Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Cormican
- National Salmonella, Shigella and Listeria Reference Laboratory, Medical Microbiology Department, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - W Anderson
- Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Flack
- Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Barron
- Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N De Lappe
- National Salmonella, Shigella and Listeria Reference Laboratory, Medical Microbiology Department, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - J Buckley
- Veterinary Department, Cork County Council, Cork, Ireland
| | - C Cosgrove
- Health Service Executive, Communicable Disease Unit of the Environmental Health Service, Blanchardstown Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Molloy
- Health Service Executive, Communicable Disease Unit of the Environmental Health Service, Blanchardstown Dublin, Ireland
| | - J O’Connor
- National Salmonella, Shigella and Listeria Reference Laboratory, Medical Microbiology Department, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - P O’Sullivan
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive Mid-West, Department of Public Health, HSE West, Limerick, Ireland
| | - J Matthews
- Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Ward
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive East, Dr Steeven's Hospital, Dublin, Irelan
| | - A Breslin
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Health Service Executive North West, Sligo, Ireland
| | - M B O’Sullivan
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive South, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - K Kelleher
- National Office for Health Protection, Health Service Executive Offices, Limerick, Ireland
| | - A McNamara
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive Dublin/Mid-Leinster, Tullamore Co. Offaly, Ireland
| | | | - H Pelly
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive West, Merlin Park Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - F Cloak
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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10
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Tilson L, Jit M, Schmitz S, Walsh C, Garvey P, McKeown P, Barry M. Cost-effectiveness of universal rotavirus vaccination in reducing rotavirus gastroenteritis in Ireland. Vaccine 2011; 29:7463-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Nicolay N, McDermott R, Kelly M, Gorby M, Prendergast T, Tuite G, Coughlan S, McKeown P, Sayers G. Potential role of asymptomatic kitchen food handlers during a food-borne outbreak of norovirus infection, Dublin, Ireland, March 2009. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:19931. [PMID: 21813080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Nicolay
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
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12
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Nicolay N, McDermott R, Kelly M, Gorby M, Prendergast T, Tuite G, Coughlan S, McKeown P, Sayers G. Potential role of asymptomatic kitchen food handlers during a food-borne outbreak of norovirus infection, Dublin, Ireland, March 2009. Euro Surveill 2011. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.30.19931-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nicolay
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R McDermott
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Kelly
- Environmental Health Office, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Gorby
- Environmental Health Office, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Prendergast
- Environmental Health Office, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Tuite
- National Virus Reference Laboratory (NVRL), Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Coughlan
- National Virus Reference Laboratory (NVRL), Dublin, Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Sayers
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Garratt CJ, Elliott P, Behr E, Camm AJ, Cowan C, Cruickshank S, Grace A, Griffith MJ, Jolly A, Lambiase P, McKeown P, O'Callagan P, Stuart G, Watkins H. Heart Rhythm UK position statement on clinical indications for implantable cardioverter defibrillators in adult patients with familial sudden cardiac death syndromes. Europace 2010; 12:1156-75. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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14
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Martin J, O'Donnell J, Igoe D, O'Hora A, Thornton L, Murphy N, Cullen G, Fitzgerald M, Cotter S, McKeown P, O'Flanagan D. Enhanced surveillance of initial cases of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza in Ireland, April-July 2009. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 14. [PMID: 19814959 DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.38.19337-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
From 28 April to 18 July 2009 there were 156 cases of pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza confirmed in Ireland. During this time, Ireland was in containment phase, and detailed case-based epidemiological information was gathered on all cases presenting in the community and acute health care setting. Active case finding was performed among contacts of cases. Eighty percent of cases were in people less than 35 years of age and 86% were imported. The most frequent symptoms were fever, sore throat, myalgia and dry cough. Nine people were hospitalized, no fatalities occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martin
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
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15
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Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a protozoal parasite which is of public health interest primarily due to its frequent association with drinking water. Since cryptosporidiosis became a notifiable human disease in 2004 in Ireland, evidence has been growing as to the national burden of illness caused by this pathogen. Nationally, crude incidence rates of between 8.7 and 13.4 per 100,000 were reported annually in the period 2004-2006. Rural areas reported more cases, with regional incidence rates as high as 31.4/100,000 per year. Over this time period, there has consistently been a peak in the number of notifications in springtime, contrasting with the reported seasonal distribution of cases elsewhere in Europe. Outbreak surveillance data suggest that drinking water is an important transmission route for general outbreaks, with person-to-person spread more common in family outbreaks. Cryptosporidium is an important gastrointestinal pathogen in Ireland, with much still to be learned about its epidemiology here.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Garvey
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Garvey P, McKeown P. Epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis in Ireland, 2004-2006: analysis of national notification data. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19128. [PMID: 19250622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since cryptosporidiosis became a notifiable human disease in 2004 in Ireland, evidence has been growing as to the national burden of illness caused by this pathogen. Nationally, crude incidence rates of between 8.7 and 13.4 per 100,000 were reported annually in the period 2004-2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Garvey
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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17
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Danis K, Di Renzi M, O’Neill W, Smyth B, McKeown P, Foley B, Tohani V, Devine M. Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infection: an all-Ireland case-control study. Euro Surveill 2009. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.07.19123-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the findings of the first case-control study conducted in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland to determine risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections. A total of 197 cases and 296 case-nominated controls matched for age, were included. Based on Population Attributable Fraction (PAF), the most important risk factors were consuming chicken [adjusted matched (am) OR 6.8; 95%CI 2.1-21.9], consuming lettuce (amOR 3.3; 95%CI 1.5-7.1) and eating in takeaways (amOR=3.1; 95%CI 1.4-6.6). Contact with sheep (amOR=11; 95%CI 1.6-78), peptic ulcer (amOR=19; 95%CI 3.8-93.7), hiatus hernia (amOR=20.3; 95%CI 2.3-183.3), lower bowel problems (amOR=4.5; 95%CI 1.2-16.8) were also independently associated with infection. Mains water supply showed protective effect (amOR=0.2; 95 CI 0.1-0.9). The findings highlight the continued need for consumer food safety education and further control measures throughout the food chain on the island of Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Danis
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre Northern Ireland (CDSC-NI), Belfast, Northern Ireland
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET)
| | - M Di Renzi
- Health Services Executive (HSE) - Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC), Dublin, Ireland
| | - W O’Neill
- Health Services Executive (HSE) - Eastern Region, Population Health Directorate, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Smyth
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre Northern Ireland (CDSC-NI), Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Services Executive (HSE) - Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC), Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Foley
- Health Services Executive (HSE) - Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC), Dublin, Ireland
| | - V Tohani
- Southern Health and Social Services Board (SHSSB), Northern Ireland
| | - M Devine
- Northern Health and Social Services Board (NHSSB), Northern Ireland
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18
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Danis K, Di Renzi M, O'Neill W, Smyth B, McKeown P, Foley B, Tohani V, Devine M. Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infection: an all-Ireland case-control study. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19123. [PMID: 19232225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the findings of the first case-control study conducted in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland to determine risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections. A total of 197 cases and 296 case-nominated controls matched for age, were included. Based on Population Attributable Fraction (PAF), the most important risk factors were consuming chicken [adjusted matched (am) OR 6.8; 95%CI 2.1-21.9], consuming lettuce (amOR 3.3; 95%CI 1.5-7.1) and eating in takeaways (amOR=3.1; 95%CI 1.4-6.6). Contact with sheep (amOR=11; 95%CI 1.6-78), peptic ulcer (amOR=19; 95%CI 3.8-93.7), hiatus hernia (amOR=20.3; 95%CI 2.3-183.3), lower bowel problems (amOR=4.5; 95%CI 1.2-16.8) were also independently associated with infection. Mains water supply showed protective effect (amOR=0.2; 95 CI 0.1-0.9). The findings highlight the continued need for consumer food safety education and further control measures throughout the food chain on the island of Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Danis
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre Northern Ireland (CDSC-NI), Belfast, Northern Ireland
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19
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Barry J, Ward M, Cotter S, Macdiarmada J, Hannan M, Sweeney B, Grant KA, McKeown P. Botulism in injecting drug users, Dublin, Ireland, November-December 2008. Euro Surveill 2009; 14:19082. [PMID: 19161713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In November and December 2008, six cases of suspect wound botulism were reported in heroin injecting drug users, all residents in Dublin, Ireland. Patients were aged between 23-42 years of age; four cases were male; one patient died shortly after admission. The patients presented to four different hospitals across the city. Botulism in injecting drug users in Ireland was last reported in 2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barry
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Barry J, Ward M, Cotter S, MacDiarmada J, Hannan M, Sweeney B, Grant KA, McKeown P. Botulism in injecting drug users, Dublin, Ireland, November-December 2008. Euro Surveill 2009. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.14.01.19082-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In November and December 2008, six cases of suspect wound botulism were reported in heroin injecting drug users, all residents in Dublin, Ireland. Patients were aged between 23-42 years of age; four cases were male; one patient died shortly after admission. The patients presented to four different hospitals across the city. Botulism in injecting drug users in Ireland was last reported in 2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barry
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Ward
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Cotter
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J MacDiarmada
- Department of Public Health, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Hannan
- Mater Misericordiae University, Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Sweeney
- Addiction Service, Health Services Executive, Dublin, Ireland
- Mater Misericordiae University, Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K A Grant
- Foodborne Pathogen Reference Unit, Centre for Infections, London, United Kingdom
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
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21
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Verhoef L, Duizer E, Vennema H, Siebenga J, Swaan C, Isken L, Koopmans M, Balay K, Pothier P, McKeown P, van Dijk G, Capdepon P, Delmas G. Import of norovirus infections in the Netherlands and Ireland following pilgrimages to Lourdes, 2008--preliminary report. Euro Surveill 2008; 13:pii: 19025. [PMID: 19000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Between mid-September and 19 October 2008, nine clusters of norovirus infection involving around 90 primary cases and over a hundred secondary cases were identified in patients from the Netherlands, Ireland, Italy and France, linked to pilgrimage to Lourdes, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Verhoef
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
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22
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Verhoef L, Duizer E, Vennema H, Siebenga J, Swaan C, Isken L, Koopmans M, Balay K, Pothier P, McKeown P, van Dijk G, Capdepon P, Delmas G. Import of norovirus infections in the Netherlands and Ireland following pilgrimages to Lourdes, 2008 – preliminary report. Euro Surveill 2008. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.44.19025-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Between mid-September and 19 October 2008, nine clusters of norovirus infection involving around 90 primary cases and over a hundred secondary cases were identified in patients from the Netherlands, Ireland, Italy and France, linked to pilgrimage to Lourdes, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Verhoef
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - E Duizer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - H Vennema
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - J Siebenga
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - C Swaan
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - L Isken
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - M Koopmans
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - K Balay
- National Reference Centre for Enteric Viruses, Dijon, France
| | - P Pothier
- National Reference Centre for Enteric Viruses, Dijon, France
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G van Dijk
- Municipal Health Service West-Brabant, Breda, the Netherlands
| | - P Capdepon
- Direction Départementale des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales (District Health and Social Services, DDASS) des Haute Pyrénées, France
| | - G Delmas
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire (French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, INVS), Saint Maurice, France
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23
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O'Sullivan MB, Garvey P, O'Riordan M, Coughlan H, McKeown P, Brennan A, McNamara E. Increase in VTEC cases in the south of Ireland: link to private wells? Euro Surveill 2008; 13:18991. [PMID: 18822242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
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O’Sullivan MB, Garvey P, O’Riordan M, Coughlan H, McKeown P, Brennan A, McNamara E. Increase in VTEC cases in the south of Ireland: link to private wells? Euro Surveill 2008. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.39.18991-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) have been recorded to date in 2008 in the Republic of Ireland. One hundred and forty-eight VTEC cases were notified up to the end of August 2008 (Figure 1), compared to 70-90 confirmed cases reported in the equivalent time period in 2006 and 2007. Thirty three percent of cases notified in Ireland in 2008 indicated that their usual drinking water supply was a private well.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B O’Sullivan
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive - South, Cork, Ireland
| | - P Garvey
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M O’Riordan
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive - South, Cork, Ireland
| | - H Coughlan
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive - South, Cork, Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Brennan
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive - South, Cork, Ireland
| | - E McNamara
- Public Health Laboratory, HSE Dublin Mid-Leinster, Cherry Orchard Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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25
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O'Flanagan D, Cormican M, McKeown P, Nicolay N, Cowden J, Mason B, Morgan D, Lane C, Irvine N, Browning L. A multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Agona, February - August 2008. Euro Surveill 2008; 13. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.13.33.18956-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of gastroenteritis affecting residents in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Finland is currently being investigated. As of Wednesday 13 August, a total of 119 cases have been identified. An investigation that includes interviews of persons with Salmonella Agona infections, comparison of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles of S. Agona isolates from cases and also food samples from an Irish food production company and retail outlet chain supplied by the company, suggests that food products from that company may be related to some of these cases. A number of food products including beef steak strips, chicken in various forms, bacon in various forms, and pork have been withdrawn (see: http://www.fsai.ie/ for details). The investigation is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O'Flanagan
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Cormican
- National Salmonella Reference Laboratory, Galway, Ireland
| | - P McKeown
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N Nicolay
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, Stockholm, Sweden
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Cowden
- Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - B Mason
- National Public Health Service for Wales, Cardiff, Wales
| | - D Morgan
- Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, England
| | - C Lane
- Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, England
| | - N Irvine
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - L Browning
- Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland
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26
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Kroneman A, Harris J, Vennema H, Duizer E, van Duynhoven Y, Gray J, Iturriza M, Böttiger B, Falkenhorst G, Johnsen C, von Bonsdorff CH, Maunula L, Kuusi M, Pothier P, Gallay A, Schreier E, Koch J, Szücs G, Reuter G, Krisztalovics K, Lynch M, McKeown P, Foley B, Coughlan S, Ruggeri FM, Di Bartolo I, Vainio K, Isakbaeva E, Poljsak-Prijatelj M, Grom AH, Bosch A, Buesa J, Fauquier AS, Hernandéz-Pezzi G, Hedlund KO, Koopmans M. Data quality of 5 years of central norovirus outbreak reporting in the European Network for food-borne viruses. J Public Health (Oxf) 2007; 30:82-90. [PMID: 18089585 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdm080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The food-borne viruses in Europe (FBVE) network database was established in 1999 to monitor trends in outbreaks of gastroenteritis due to noroviruses (NoVs), to identify major transmission routes of NoV infections within and between participating countries and to detect diffuse international food-borne outbreaks. METHODS We reviewed the total of 9430 NoV outbreak reports from 13 countries with date of onset between 1 January 2002 and 1 January 2007 for representativeness, completeness and timeliness against these objectives. RESULTS Rates of reporting ranged from a yearly average of 1.8 in 2003 to 11.6 in 2006. Completeness of reporting of an agreed minimum dataset improved over the years, both for epidemiological and virological data. For the 10 countries that provided integrated (epidemiological AND virological) reporting over the 5-year period, the completeness of the minimum dataset rose from 15% in 2003 to 48% in 2006. Two countries have not been able to combine both data types due to the structure of the national surveillance system (England and Wales and Germany). Timeliness of reporting (median days between the onset of an outbreak and the date of reporting to the FBVE database) differed greatly between countries, but gradually improved to 47 days in 2006. CONCLUSION The outbreaks reported to the FBVE reflect the lack of standardization of surveillance systems across Europe, making direct comparison of data between countries difficult. However, trends in reported outbreaks per country, distribution of NoV genotypes, and detection of diffuse international outbreaks were used as background data in acute questions about NoV illness and the changing genotype distribution during the 5-year period, shown to be of added value. Integrated reporting is essential for these objectives, but could be limited to sentinel countries with surveillance systems that allow this integration. For successful intervention in case of diffuse international outbreaks, completeness and timeliness of reporting would need to be improved and expanded to countries that presently do not participate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kroneman
- National Institute for Public Health and Environment, Center for Infectious Disease Control, Postbus 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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Sylvius N, Bilinska ZT, Veinot JP, Fidzianska A, Bolongo PM, Poon S, McKeown P, Davies RA, Chan KL, Tang ASL, Dyack S, Grzybowski J, Ruzyllo W, McBride H, Tesson F. In vivo and in vitro examination of the functional significances of novel lamin gene mutations in heart failure patients. J Med Genet 2006; 42:639-47. [PMID: 16061563 PMCID: PMC1736117 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.023283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lamin A/C (LMNA) gene variations have been reported in more than one third of genotyped families with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the relationship between LMNA mutation and the development of DCM is poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that end stage DCM patients carrying LMNA mutations displayed either dramatic ultrastructural changes of the cardiomyocyte nucleus (D192G) or nonspecific changes (R541S). Overexpression of the D192G lamin C dramatically increased the size of intranuclear speckles and reduced their number. This phenotype was only partially reversed by coexpression of the D192G and wild type lamin C. Moreover, the D192G mutation precludes insertion of lamin C into the nuclear envelope when co-transfected with the D192G lamin A. By contrast, the R541S phenotype was entirely reversed by coexpression of the R541S and wild type lamin C. As lamin speckle size is known to be correlated with regulation of transcription, we assessed the SUMO1 distribution pattern in the presence of mutated lamin C and showed that D192G lamin C expression totally disrupts the SUMO1 pattern. CONCLUSION Our in vivo and in vitro results question the relationship of causality between LMNA mutations and the development of heart failure in some DCM patients and therefore, the reliability of genetic counselling. However, LMNA mutations producing speckles result not only in nuclear envelope structural damage, but may also lead to the dysregulation of cellular functions controlled by sumoylation, such as transcription, chromosome organisation, and nuclear trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sylvius
- Laboratory of Genetics of Cardiac Diseases, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Abstract
AIM Compare self- and physician-referred hospital admissions. METHODS Analysis of data prospectively collected on 3,076 consecutive acute medical admissions to a small hospital. RESULTS Self-referred patients were younger (50.6 vs. 63.7 years) and more likely to be smokers and drinkers. Conversely, physician-referred patients were more likely to present later, be ex-smokers, ex-drinkers and have poor prior health. More self-referred admissions were related to parasuicide and/or alcohol (27% vs. 4.5%). The physical, x-ray and laboratory findings of both types of patient were similar. Although self-referred patients had a shorter length of stay (3.8 days vs. 6.0 days) and a lower death rate (1.5% vs. 3.8%),they had higher 30-day readmission rates (14.6% vs. 8.5%). CONCLUSION Self-referred patients are less sick than those referred for hospital admission by a physician, have less psychosocial support, more alcohol-related illness and are nearly twice as likely to be readmitted within 30 days of discharge
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kellett
- Department of Medcine, Nenagh Hospital, Nenagh, Co. Tipperary.
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O'Hare C, Doran G, Delappe N, Morris D, Buckley V, Corbett-Feeney G, McKeown P, Anderson W, Cormican M. Antimicrobial resistance and phage types of human and non-human Salmonella enterica isolates in Ireland, 1998-2003. Commun Dis Public Health 2004; 7:193-9. [PMID: 15481212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Between 1998 and 2003, 5,161 isolates (3,182 human) of Salmonella enterica were received by the National Salmonella Reference Laboratory of Ireland. Serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and phage typing were performed by standard methods. The number of isolates of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium decreased from 579 (80%) in 1998 to 208 (19%) in 2003, while S. enterica serovar Enteritidis increased from 59 (8%) in 1998 to 219 (20%) in 2003. Definitive (DT) phage types 104 and DT104b accounted for a declining proportion of all Salmonella Typhimurium isolates (from n = 523 [90%] in 1998 to 126 [60%] in 2003). Numbers of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 4 declined from 50 (85%) in 1998 to 59 (27%) in 2003. Twenty-eight isolates of typhoidal Salmonella were received with a history of recent travel in 17 cases. Resistance to multiple (four or more) antimicrobial agents was related to serotype and, where applicable, phage type, and was common in Salmonella Typhimurium. Salmonella Typhimurium predominated among isolates from cattle and pigs (n = 213 [58%]), while Salmonella Livingstone (n = 327) and S. Kentucky (n = 227) were predominant in isolates from poultry (total n = 554 [43%]). This paper discusses trends, and their implications, in Irish salmonella isolates since the establishment of the Reference Laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O'Hare
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University College Hospital, Galway, Ireland.
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Pedalino B, Feely E, McKeown P, Foley B, Smyth B, Moren A. An outbreak of Norwalk-like viral gastroenteritis in holidaymakers travelling to Andorra, January-February 2002. Euro Surveill 2003; 8:1-8. [PMID: 12631977 DOI: 10.2807/esm.08.01.00393-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate an outbreak of Norwalk-like viral gastroenteritidis that occurred in Irish holidaymakers visiting Andorra, in January-February 2002. Preliminary results showed the risk exposure was higher for tourists who stayed in Soldeu and consumed ice cubes in their drinks (OR = 2.5, 95% CI [1.3-4.6)], after logistic regression and adjusting for sex and water consumption).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pedalino
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) fellow, hosted by Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre - Northern Ireland (CDSC - NI)
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31
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Lant NJ, McKeown P, Timoney MC, Kelland LR, Rogers PM, Robins DJ. Synthesis and anti-melanoma activity of analogues of N-acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol substituted with two methyl groups alpha to the nitrogen. Anticancer Drug Des 2001; 16:49-55. [PMID: 11762644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol 1 is an analogue of a biosynthetic intermediate in the pathway to melanin. It is probably oxidized to an o-quinone which can alkylate cellular nucleophiles resulting in interference with cell growth and proliferation. It is reported to have useful anti-melanoma activity. We previously synthesized a range of analogues of 1 by varying the acyl portion of the amide. A modest increase in melanoma activity against six melanoma cell lines for these analogues could be correlated with increased lipophilicity. Thirteen new analogues of 1 containing two methyl groups at the alpha-position of the amino component and various acyl groups have now been prepared and assessed for anti-melanoma activity against six human melanoma cell lines. Most of the new compounds displayed greater cytotoxicity than the lead compound 1. The highest cytotoxicity against the cell lines was observed for the cyclohexylacetamide 11 followed by the cyclohexylcarboxamide 10 and the 2,2-dimethylpropanamide 6. The IC50 values of the most cytotoxic compound 11 against the cell lines were comparable with those of cisplatin. Small variations in the acyl components of these analogues, such as reducing the ring size, lengthening the carbon chain and reducing the amount of chain branching, resulted in a considerable loss of cytotoxicity. The moderate activity of 6, 10 and 11 against SK-Mel-24 cells (non-tyrosinase containing) and an ovarian cell line suggests that interference with the melanin pathway may not be their only mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Lant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, UK
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32
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Metcalfe K, Rucka AK, Smoot L, Hofstadler G, Tuzler G, McKeown P, Siu V, Rauch A, Dean J, Dennis N, Ellis I, Reardon W, Cytrynbaum C, Osborne L, Yates JR, Read AP, Donnai D, Tassabehji M. Elastin: mutational spectrum in supravalvular aortic stenosis. Eur J Hum Genet 2000; 8:955-63. [PMID: 11175284 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) is a congenital narrowing of the ascending aorta which can occur sporadically, as an autosomal dominant condition, or as one component of Williams syndrome. SVAS is caused by translocations, gross deletions and point mutations that disrupt the elastin gene (ELN) on 7q11.23. Functional hemizygosity for elastin is known to be the cause of SVAS in patients with gross chromosomal abnormalities involving ELN. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of point mutations are less clear. One hundred patients with diagnosed SVAS and normal karyotypes were screened for mutations in the elastin gene to further elucidate the molecular pathology of the disorder. Mutations associated with the vascular disease were detected in 35 patients, and included nonsense, frameshift, translation initiation and splice site mutations. The four missense mutations identified are the first of this type to be associated with SVAS. Here we describe the spectrum of mutations occurring in familial and sporadic SVAS and attempt to define the mutational mechanisms involved in SVAS. SVAS shows variable penetrance within families but the progressive nature of the disorder in some cases, makes identification of the molecular lesions important for future preventative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Metcalfe
- University Department of Medical Genetics and Regional Genetics Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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Lant NJ, McKeown P, Kelland LR, Rogers PM, Robins DJ. Synthesis and antimelanoma activity of analogues of N-acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol. Anticancer Drug Des 2000; 15:295-302. [PMID: 11200505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol (1) has been shown by Jimbow and co-workers to possess useful antimelanoma activity. It is an analogue of a biosynthetic intermediate in the pathway to melanin and probably acts as a prodrug, being oxidized to an o-quinone which reacts with essential enzymes containing sulphydryl groups resulting in interference with cell growth and proliferation. We have synthesized a range of analogues of 1 by varying the acyl portion of the amide with the intention of increasing the lipophilicity of the compounds. A modest increase in melanoma activity against six melanoma cell lines for these analogues could be correlated with increased lipophilicity. The most active of these compounds, N-[2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)thiol]ethyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide (9), showed promising selectivity (lack of cytotoxicity) on the non-melanotic cell line SK-Mel-24 and on an ovarian cell line. A significant improvement in antimelanoma activity was observed with a new type of analogue containing three carbon atoms between the sulphur and nitrogen. The most active of these new analogues, N-[3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)-thiolpropyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxamide (15), had activity comparable to cisplatin against several cell lines and low cytotoxicity towards the non-melanotic cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Lant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, UK
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Montgomery GJ, McKeown P, McGown AT, Robins DJ. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of unsaturated quinoline derivatives. Anticancer Drug Des 2000; 15:171-81. [PMID: 11049085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
In our previous work Knoevenagel condensation of quinoline 2-, 3- and 4-carbaldehyde with malononitrile derivatives was used to produce a series of heteroarylidene malononitrile derivatives. Some of these heteroaromatic tyrphostins were potent inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase. This work has now been extended by using 6-, 7-, and 8-quinolinecarbaldehyde to prepare 23 new quinoline-tyrphostins 1-23. Most of these compounds were moderately active against the MCF7 breast cancer cell line. The order of potency was 7- > 6 > 8-substituted quinoline, which indicates that increased activity of the 7-substituted quinolines is associated with electron deficiency at the 7-position in the quinoline ring. The most active compound, 12, formed from 7-quinolinecarbaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate, had an IC50 value of 2.3 microM. Compounds 1-23 showed similar IC50 values against the MCF7 and MCF7/ADR cell lines (the latter shows fourfold increased protein tyrosine kinase activity) except for the compounds 1 and 15 formed from 6-quinolinecarbaldehyde and malononitrile and 7-quinolinecarbaldehyde and cyanoacetamide, which showed a significant (11- and 42-fold, respectively) increase in potency against the MCF7/ADR cell line. Furthermore, no association was found between growth inhibition and inhibition of the EGFR protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), using a cell-free assay. In addition, new compounds were prepared from 2- and 4-quinolinecarbaldehyde with extended conjugation in the side chains (24-27) or with methoxypolyethoxyethyl esters in the side chain to increase water solubility (28 and 29). These compounds showed substantial cytotoxicity, with IC50 values in the range 1-25 microM, but similar values were observed against both cell lines. No association was found between inhibition of PTK and growth inhibition, again indicating that their mode of action may not be specific for the EGF receptor.
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Borlongan CV, Koutouzis TK, Jorden JR, Martinez R, Rodriguez AI, Poulos SG, Freeman TB, McKeown P, Cahill DW, Nishino H, Sanberg PR. Neural transplantation as an experimental treatment modality for cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1997; 21:79-90. [PMID: 8994211 DOI: 10.1016/0149-7634(95)00063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease exemplifies the poor regenerative capacity of the CNS. While there are methods to prevent cerebral infarction, there is no effective therapy available to ameliorate the anatomical, neurochemical and behavioral deficits which follow cerebral ischemia. Focal and transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in rodents has been reported to result in neuropathology similar to that seen in clinical cerebral ischemia. Using specific techniques, this MCA occlusion can result in a well-localized infarct of the striatum. This review article will provide data accumulated from animal studies using the MCA occlusion technique in rodents to examine whether neural transplantation can ameliorate behavioral and morphological deficits associated with cerebral infarction. Recent advances in neural transplantation as a treatment modality for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, have revealed that fetal tissue transplantation may produce neurobehavioral recovery. Accordingly, fetal tissue transplantation may provide a potential therapy for cerebral infarction. Preliminary findings in rodents subjected to unilateral MCA occlusion, and subsequently transplanted with fetal striatal tissue into the infarcted striatum have produced encouraging results. Transplanted fetal tissue, assessed immunohistochemically, has been demonstrated to survive and integrate with the host tissue, and, more importantly, ameliorate the ischemia-related behavioral deficits, at least in the short term. Although, this review will focus primarily on cerebral ischemia, characterized by a localized CNS lesion within the striatum, it is envisioned that this baseline data may be extrapolated and applied to cerebral infarction in other brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Borlongan
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa 33612, USA
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37
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Brunton VG, Lear MJ, McKeown P, Robins DJ, Workman P. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of tyrphostins containing quinoline moieties. Anticancer Drug Des 1996; 11:463-83. [PMID: 8836111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tyrphostins are a series of benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives synthesized by condensing aromatic aldehydes with malononitrile derivatives. The use of heteroaromatic aldehydes in this process has received little attention. Accordingly, 27 tyrphostins containing a 2-, 3- or 4-substituted quinoline moiety were synthesized, of which 21 are novel compounds Compounds containing the 2-aminoethene-1, 1-dinitrile moiety in each series were the most potent inhibitors of the EGF receptor kinase in a cell-free enzyme assay (compounds 2, 11 and 20), having IC50 values of 1.7, 27.0 and 4.7 microM respectively. For each R group substitution the order of potency was 2-quinolines > 4-quinolines > 3-quinolines. Compounds 2, 11 and 20 were unable to inhibit the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor autophosphorylation in intact cells; however, they were able to inhibit the EGF-dependent phosphorylation of a 50 kDa protein. These three compounds were able to inhibit EGF-dependent proliferation in a fibroblast cell more efficiently than serum-stimulated proliferation, suggesting that their mechanism of action may be linked to the EGF receptor signalling pathway. Compound 2 exhibited a degree of cell line selectivity in the US National Cancer Institute in vitro human tumour cell line panel. The majority of non-small cell lung cancer lines were relatively resistant to compound 2, while most of the colon, CNS, melanoma and renal lines were relatively sensitive. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanism of action of this interesting group of substituted-quinoline compounds and to determine whether for compounds 2, 11 and 20 this is related to inhibition of EGF receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Brunton
- CRC Beatson Laboratory, University of Glasgow, UK
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38
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Sun F, Castner DG, Mao G, Wang W, McKeown P, Grainger DW. Spontaneous Polymer Thin Film Assembly and Organization Using Mutually Immiscible Side Chains. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja952225t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Sun
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Physical Electronics Inc., 6509 Flying Cloud Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
| | - D. G. Castner
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Physical Electronics Inc., 6509 Flying Cloud Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
| | - G. Mao
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Physical Electronics Inc., 6509 Flying Cloud Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
| | - W. Wang
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Physical Electronics Inc., 6509 Flying Cloud Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
| | - P. McKeown
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Physical Electronics Inc., 6509 Flying Cloud Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
| | - D. W. Grainger
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Physical Electronics Inc., 6509 Flying Cloud Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ackerman
- Department of Pathology, University of South Florida, Tampa
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40
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Purvis JA, Trouton TG, Roberts MJ, McKeown P, Mulholland MG, Dalzell GW, Wilson CM, Patterson GC, Webb SW, Khan MM. Effectiveness of double bolus alteplase in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1991; 68:1570-4. [PMID: 1746456 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(91)90311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-nine consecutive patients presenting within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms of an acute myocardial infarction were treated with 150 mg of soluble aspirin orally, and either 70 or 100 mg of alteplase divided into 2 intravenous bolus injections separated by 30 minutes. Dosage regimens were either 20 followed by 50 mg (group A), 50 followed by 20 mg (group B), or 50 followed by 50 mg (group C). Coronary angiography 60 minutes after the first bolus showed infarct-related coronary artery patency (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction score 2 or 3) in 13 of 16 (81%) patients in group A, 12 of 17 (71%) in group B, and 10 of 11 (91%) in group C (overall patency rate at 60 minutes: 35 of 44 [80%] patients; 95% confidence interval 68 to 91%). At 90 minutes, patency rates were 15 of 20 (75%) patients in both groups A and B, and 18 of 19 (95%) in group C (overall patency rate 48 of 59 [81%] patients; 95% confidence interval 72 to 91%). Residual thrombus was identified with the 90-minute angiogram in 7 patients in group A, 5 in group B, and 3 in group C. Although there was no statistically significant difference in patency between the 3 dosage regimens at either 60 or 90 minutes there was a trend toward increased patency and more complete thrombolysis at 90 minutes in group C. No episodes of bradyarrhythmia, hypotension or cerebrovascular bleeding were observed after double bolus therapy. There were 7 episodes (12%) of reocclusion, and 3 deaths (5%) within 1-month follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Purvis
- Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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41
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Vijayanagar R, Eckstein PF, McKeown P, Sears N, Anderson S, Salas R, DeSantis M. Results of emergent versus elective cardiac transplantation procedures. J Fla Med Assoc 1990; 77:806-8. [PMID: 2230704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-six patients underwent emergent (Group I) and 34 patients elective (Group II) cardiac transplantation (C. Tx.) from June 1985 through June 1989. Age, sex, etiology, presence of diabetes, renal failure and pulmonary artery pressures were comparable for both groups (P greater than 0.5). Twenty-two patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class IV for Group I and 17 for Group II. Group I included 12 patients on inotropic agents, five on intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and one on IABP and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Elective patients were stable at home. Location of the donor heart and mean ischemic times were comparable for both groups. Early mortality (within 30 days) included four patients for Group I and two for Group II. There were four late deaths for Group I patients and six for Group II. Four deaths were due to infection, six to rejection, two to malignancy, two neurological and one each to suicide and multisystem failure. Immunosuppression regimen was similar for both groups. The number and severity of early and late rejection episodes were similar despite blood group crossing in 11 patients for Group I (P less than .01). Incidence of infection was comparable. Favorable lifestyles were comparable, including employment of 12 patients for Group I and 16 for Group II. Cumulative survival for the entire series was 70% at two years. The study indicates that the results of emergent and elective cardiac transplantation procedures are equally gratifying, that mortality is mainly related to rejection and sepsis complications and blood group crossing does not significantly increase the number of rejection episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vijayanagar
- Cardiac Transplantation Program, Tampa General Hospital
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42
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Firth H, McKeown P, McIntee J, Britton P. Burn-out, personality and support in long-stay nursing. Nurs Times 1987; 83:55-7. [PMID: 3114722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
Conceptualizations of 'burnout' vary between authors. Some descriptions of burnout show strong similarities to depression in the work setting, or 'professional depression' as described by Oswin [Children Living in Long Stay Hospitals, 1978. Heinemann, London]. This study supported such a similarity, and demonstrated a considerable extent of depressed mood amongst nursing staff in longstay settings, which was particularly significant amongst male staff. A number of distinct 'burnout' responses were evident amongst staff including not only 'professional depression' and depersonalization but also the avoidance of problems and decisions. Ambiguity about supervisors' expectations and success in meeting such expectations were associated with increased scores on each of these variables. Personality appeared to be related to staff's responses. Staff prone to direct hostility inwards on themselves were more likely to show an avoidance of problems and decisions. Those staff prone to direct hostility outwards were more likely to report an awareness of depersonalization toward others. Both these processes may in different ways affect patient care and relationships with other professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Firth
- Psychology Department, Prudhoe Hospital, Northumberland, U.K
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Abstract
In 1978 Oswin documented a process of 'professional depression' affecting some nursing staff in long-stay hospitals. This study tested the hypothesis that 'professional depression' in long-stay nursing and 'emotional exhaustion' as a component of burnout describe a similar phenomenon. This hypothesis was supported. The results are consistent with Cherniss' characterization of burnout, which appears to show considerable similarities to the concept of depression. In this study professional depression demonstrated a substantial correlation with depressed mood. Personality demonstrated significant relationships with burnout variables, extrapunitive hostility correlating with hardening toward others, intropunitiveness with avoidance as a coping response. These findings, although confined to hospital nurses, support the usefulness of approaches stressing the interaction between the work environment and the individual.
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Abstract
The needs for support of staff in human services work are often stated, but less often is the nature of such support clearly specified. This study attempts to clarify the nature of effective support from a superior, as perceived by qualified nursing staff working in psychiatric, mental handicap and medical settings. 'Personal respect', 'empathic attention' and 'absence of interpersonal defensiveness' appeared to be important components to such support. Staff on the same ward showed a high degree of agreement in judgements of their superior's personal respect and empathic attention, but perceived interpersonal defensiveness appeared more specific to perceptions or interactions between particular staff. Greater degrees of 'personal respect' experienced by staff were associated with reduced role ambiguity and reduced emotional exhaustion ('burnout'). The empathic attention reported as given by ward charge nurses was highly correlated with the personal respect they reported receiving from their own superior. These results support approaches which see respect, empathy and genuineness as important ingredients in helping relationships.
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Abstract
This study reports evidence that the factor structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory scales may change when the scales are used as part of a wider range of items assessing feelings about work. Results from a sample of nursing staff suggested that feelings of being ‘emotionally drained’ were distinct from feelings of ‘frustration and discouragement about work.’ The extent (or lack) of personal accomplishment was confirmed as a salient factor among feelings about work. Scores on the scale for this sample of nurses were comparable with those in other studies, except that depersonalization scores were lower. This may reflect either lower incidence or lowered awareness.
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Abstract
Porcine cardiac xenografts were used for cardiac valve replacement in 1,093 patients. Hospital mortality for aortic valve replacement (AVR) was 3.7%; for mitral valve replacement (MVR), 7.8%; and for AVR + MVR, 4.7%. Total follow-up was 2,036 patient-years; maximum, 7.3 years; and mean, 1.89 years. Actuarial survival (+/- standard error of the mean) for AVR was 84% +/- 2% at 56 months; for MVR, 84% +/- 3% at 56 months; and for AVR + MVR, 86% +/- 4% at 30 months. Nonfatal thromboembolism occurred in 8 of 1,030 patients (0.78%). Anticoagulation was not routinely employed. Fifty hospital survivors (4.8%) experienced valve dysfunction; 18 of the survivors (1.7%) died; and 32 of the survivors (3.1%) underwent reoperation. The rate of dysfunction increased slowly until the sixth year when an increased rate was observed (p less than 0.0001). Patients less than 34 years old had a higher incidence of dysfunction (p less than 0.01). Thirty-two hospital survivors (3.1%) underwent explantation of the porcine valve for late dysfunction. Valve dysfunction secondary to endocarditis and paravalvular leak occurred early, while leaflet deterioration or thrombosis was more gradual in onset and was noted later. The porcine valve has functioned well for 1 to 7 years with a low incidence of valve related morbidity and mortality without routine anticoagulation in patients older than 34 years of age.
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