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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Shining New Light on Biological Systems: Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8825-9014. [PMID: 39052606 PMCID: PMC11328004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging is a powerful and versatile technique for investigating cell physiology and pathology in living systems, making significant contributions to life science research and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, luminescent transition metal complexes have gained significant attention for diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, with a focus on transition metal centers with a d6, d8, and d10 electronic configuration. We elucidate the structure-property relationships of luminescent transition metal complexes, exploring how their structural characteristics can be manipulated to control their biological behavior such as cellular uptake, localization, biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Furthermore, we introduce the various design strategies that leverage the interesting photophysical properties of luminescent transition metal complexes for a wide variety of biological applications, including autofluorescence-free imaging, multimodal imaging, organelle imaging, biological sensing, microenvironment monitoring, bioorthogonal labeling, bacterial imaging, and cell viability assessment. Finally, we provide insights into the challenges and perspectives of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, as well as their use in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Li WD, Huang Y, Li SZ, Dong WK. A novel double-armed salamo-based probe for highly selective fluorescence detection of tryptophan and Al3+. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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3
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Zhang JQ, Yao GX, Yan YJ, Xu L, Zhang Y, Dong WK. Structurally characterized salamo-based mononuclear Cu(II) complex fluorogenic sensor with high selectivity for CN− and Cys-Cys. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wu M, Zhang Z, Yong J, Schenk PM, Tian D, Xu ZP, Zhang R. Determination and Imaging of Small Biomolecules and Ions Using Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Chemosensors. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:29. [PMID: 35695976 PMCID: PMC9192387 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence chemosensors are one of the most useful tools for the determination and imaging of small biomolecules and ions in situ in real time. Based on the unique photo-physical/-chemical properties of ruthenium(II) (Ru(II)) complexes, the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and thus many Ru(II) complexes have been designed and synthesized for the detection of ions and small biomolecules in biological and environmental samples. In this work, we summarize the research advances in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors for the determination of ions and small biomolecules, including anions, metal ions, reactive biomolecules and amino acids, with a particular focus on binding/reaction-based chemosensors for the investigation of intracellular analytes’ evolution through luminescence analysis and imaging. The advances, challenges and future research directions in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zexi Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Yong
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peer M Schenk
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dihua Tian
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Zhang JQ, Yao GX, La YT, Dong WK. A highly selective bis(salamo)-based fluorescent sensor for two-pronged recognitions to Cu2+ and Arg. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Deng YH, Li RY, Zhang JQ, Wang YF, Li JT, Guo WT, Dong WK. A novel turn-on fluorogenic aldehyde-appended salamo-like copper(ii) complex probe for the simultaneous detection of S2O32− and GSH. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01445e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel salamo-like copper(ii) complex probe (ASC) behaves as a two-pronged sensor of S2O32− ions and GSH by a ‘turn-on’ fluorescence mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hu Deng
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Ruo-Yu Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Jin-Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Yue-Fei Wang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Jian-Ting Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Wen-Ting Guo
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Wei-Kui Dong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Lanzhou Jiaotong University
- Lanzhou
- China
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Chowdhury B, Sinha S, Dutta R, Mondal S, Karmakar S, Ghosh P. Discriminative Behavior of a Donor-Acceptor-Donor Triad toward Cyanide and Fluoride: Insights into the Mechanism of Naphthalene Diimide Reduction by Cyanide and Fluoride. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13371-13382. [PMID: 32870665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new molecular donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) triad, comprised of an electron deficient 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (NDI) unit covalently connected to two flanking photosensitizers, i.e., a bis-heteroleptic Ru(II) complex of 1,10-phenanthroline and pyridine triazole hybrid ligand, is described. The single crystal X-ray structure of the perchlorate salt of the triad demonstrates that the electron deficient NDI unit can act as a host for anions via anion-π interaction. Detailed solution-state studies indicate that fluoride selectively interacts with the D-A-D triad to form a dianionic NDI, NDI2-, via a radical anion, NDI•-. On the contrary, cyanide reduces the NDI moiety to NDI•-, as confirmed by UV-vis, NMR, and EPR spectroscopy. Further, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic studies reveal a low luminescence quantum yield of the D-A-D triad attributable to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process from the photoactive Ru(II) center to the NDI unit. Interestingly, the triad displays "OFF-ON" luminescence behavior in the presence of fluoride by restoring the Ru(II) to phenanthroline/pyridine-triazole-based MLCT emission, whereas cyanide fails to show a similar property due to a different redox process operational in the latter. The reduction of NDI in the presence of fluoride and cyanide in different polar solvents indicates that involvement of such deprotonated solvents in the electron transfer mechanism may not be operative in our present system. Low-temperature kinetic studies support the formation of a charge transfer associative transient species, which likely allows overcoming the thermodynamically uphill barrier for the direct electron transfer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijit Chowdhury
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Sanghamitra Sinha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Ranjan Dutta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Sahidul Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Shreetama Karmakar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Zheng ZB, Han YF, Ge YQ, Cui JC, Zuo J, Nie K. Rapid and selective detection of biothiols by novel ruthenium(II) complex-based phosphorescence probes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 216:328-334. [PMID: 30909089 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Considering the excellent photochemical properties of ruthenium(II) complexes, two new ruthenium(II) complexes, RuL1-DNBS and RuL2-DNBS, have been developed as phosphorescence probes for detection of biothiols in 100:1 (v/v) Hepes buffer (20 mM, pH = 7.2)/CH3CN solution. The response rate was highly improved of these two probes toward biothiols because the steric interactions between 1H-imidazo [4, 5-f] [1,10] phenanthroline group and ortho-2, 4-dinitrobenzensulfonate resulted in a relatively rapid thiol-induced SNAr substitution reaction. RuL1-DNBS and RuL2-DNBS were weakly phosphorescent owing to the effectual photoinduced electron transfer from ruthenium(II) luminophore to the sensing group, 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl. After reacting with biothiols, the 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl group of RuL1-DNBS and RuL2-DNBS were cleavaged and the RuL1 and RuL2 were obtained. Meanwhile, the phosphorescence were "turn-on". Both of these two probes can detect biothiols sensitively and selectively under physiological conditions with submicromolar detection limits. Furthermore, application of RuL2-DNBS for detecting of intracellular biothiols has been successfully performed in living Glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Bao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China.
| | - Yin-Feng Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China
| | - Yan-Qing Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271016, PR China.
| | - Ji-Chun Cui
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, PR China
| | - Jian Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China
| | - Kun Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, PR China
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Li Y, Shi N, Li M. An efficient ruthenium(ii) tris(bipyridyl)-based chemosensor for the specific detection of cysteine and its luminescence imaging in living zebrafish. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble, red emissive and cysteine-specific probe has been achieved through 1,4-addition of cysteine to α,β-unsaturated ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
| | - Ningning Shi
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
| | - Minna Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069
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Pagidi S, Kalluvettukuzhy NK, Thilagar P. Triarylboron Anchored Luminescent Probes: Selective Detection and Imaging of Thiophenols in the Intracellular Environment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8170-8177. [PMID: 29924935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The advances in boron incorporated organics have captured overwhelming interest on account of their outstanding properties and promising applications in various fields. Mostly, triarylborane compounds (TAB) are exploited as sensors of F- and CN- anions at the expense of the intrinsic Lewis acidic nature of boron. New molecular probes 1 and 2 for detection of toxic thiophenol were designed by conjugating highly fluorescent borylanilines with the luminescent quencher 2,4-dinitrobenzene based sulfonamides (DNBS), wherein the electrophilicity of the DNBS moiety has been modulated by fine-tuning the intrinsic Lewis acidity of boron. The interplay between PET (photoinduced electron transfer) and ICT have been employed for developing the TAB tethered turn-on fluorescent sensor for thiophenol with high selectivity for the first time. The newly developed probes showed very fast response toward thiophenol (within ∼5 min) with limits of detection (LOD) lying in the micromolar range, clearly pointing to their potential. Further, compounds 1 and 2 were explored for detecting thiophenol in the intracellular environment by discriminating biothiols. DFT and TD-DFT calculations were performed to support the sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Pagidi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore - 560012 , India
| | - Neena K Kalluvettukuzhy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore - 560012 , India
| | - Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore - 560012 , India
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Laramée-Milette B, Hanan GS. Ruthenium bistridentate complexes with non-symmetrical hexahydro-pyrimidopyrimidine ligands: a structural and theoretical investigation of their optical and electrochemical properties. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:12507-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02408d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The optical and electronic properties of six Ru complexes with non-symmetrical tridentate ligands have been investigated and, as corroborated by electrochemical data, the presence of the hpp ligand strongly affects the oxidation potential of the metal ion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Garry S. Hanan
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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