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Pellei M, Santini C, Bagnarelli L, Caviglia M, Sgarbossa P, De Franco M, Zancato M, Marzano C, Gandin V. Novel Silver Complexes Based on Phosphanes and Ester Derivatives of Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate Ligands Targeting TrxR: New Promising Chemotherapeutic Tools Relevant to SCLC Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044091. [PMID: 36835512 PMCID: PMC9960633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(pz)2COOH) and bis(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(pzMe2)2COOH) were converted into the methyl ester derivatives 1 (LOMe) and 2 (L2OMe), respectively, and were used for the preparation of silver(I) complexes 3-5. The Ag(I) complexes were prepared by the reaction of AgNO3 and 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) or triphenylphosphine (PPh3) with LOMe and L2OMe in methanol solution. All Ag(I) complexes showed a significant in vitro antitumor activity, proving to be more effective than the reference drug cisplatin in the in-house human cancer cell line panel containing examples of different solid tumors. Compounds were particularly effective against the highly aggressive and intrinsically resistant human small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells, either in 2D and 3D cancer cell models. Mechanistic studies revealed their ability to accumulate into cancer cells and to selectively target Thioredoxin (TrxR), thus leading to redox homeostasis unbalance and ultimately inducing cancer cell death through apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Luca Bagnarelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Miriam Caviglia
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele De Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mirella Zancato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Tudda A, Donzelli E, Nicolini G, Semperboni S, Bossi M, Cavaletti G, Castriconi R, Mangili P, Vecchio AD, Sarno A, Mettivier G, Russo P. Breast radiotherapy with kilovoltage photons and gold nanoparticles as radiosensitizer: An in vitro study. Med Phys 2021; 49:568-578. [PMID: 34778990 PMCID: PMC9299863 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the dose enhancement and internalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) used as a radiosensitizer agent for rotational radiotherapy of breast cancer using a kilovoltage (kV) X‐ray beam. Methods Human breast cancer cells MDA‐MB‐231 were incubated with or without 100 μg/mL (4.87 nM) or 200 μg/mL (9.74 nM) 15 nm AuNPs and irradiated with 100 kV, 190 kV, or 6 MV X‐rays. To assess the toxicity of the AuNPs, we performed a Sulforhodamine B assay. Using atomic absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and time‐lapse optical microscopy (rate of 2 frames per minute), we carried out a quantitative assessment of the amount of gold internalized by MDA‐MB‐231 cells and a characterization of the static and dynamical aspects of this internalization process. Results No effect of AuNPs alone was shown on cell viability. Time‐lapse optical microscopy showed for the first time AuNPs cellular uptake and the dynamics of AuNPs internalization. Electron microscopy demonstrated AuNPs localization in endosomal vesicles, preferentially in the perinuclear region. After irradiation at doses up to 2 Gy, cell survival fraction curves showed increased mortality with AuNPs, with respect to irradiation without AuNPs. The highest effect of radioenhancement by AuNPs (at 9.74 nM AuNPs concentration) was observed at 190 kV showing a dose enhancement factor of 1.33 ± 0.06 (1.34 ± 0.02 at 100 kV), while at 6 MV it was 1.14 ± 0.06. Conclusions The observed radio‐sensitization effect is promising for future radio‐enhanced kV radiotherapy of breast cancer and quantitatively in the order of previous observations for 15 nm AuNPs. These results of a significant dose enhancement were obtained at 15 nm AuNPs concentration as low as several nanomolar units, at dose levels typical of a single dose fraction in a radiotherapy session. Dynamical behavior of the 3D spatial distribution of 15 nm AuNPs outside the nucleus of single breast cancer cell was observed, with possible implications for future models of AuNPs sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Tudda
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,INFN Division of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Medical Physics Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Physics, Specialty School of Medical Physics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Donzelli
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,INFN Division of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nicolini
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,INFN Division of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Semperboni
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,INFN Division of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Bossi
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Guido Cavaletti
- Experimental Neurology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberta Castriconi
- Medical Physics Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,INFN Division of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Mangili
- Medical Physics Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,INFN Division of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Del Vecchio
- Medical Physics Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,INFN Division of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Sarno
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,INFN Division of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mettivier
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,INFN Division of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Russo
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,INFN Division of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Guarra F, Pratesi A, Gabbiani C, Biver T. A focus on the biological targets for coinage metal-NHCs as potential anticancer complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 217:111355. [PMID: 33596529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands are the object of increasing attention for therapeutic purposes. Among the different metal centres, interest on Au-based compounds started with the application as anti-arthritis drugs. On the other hand, Ag(I) antimicrobial properties have been known for a long time. For Au(I)/Au(III)-NHC and Ag(I)-NHC anti-tumour and anti-proliferative properties have been quite recently demonstrated. In addition to these and as for Group 11, copper is a much less investigated metal centre, but a few papers underline its pharmacological potential. This review wants to focus on the different biological targets for these metal-based compounds. It is divided into chapters which are respectively devoted on: i) mitochondria and thiol oxidoreductase systems; ii) other relevant enzymes; iii) nucleic acids. Examples of representative coinage NHCs for each of the targets are provided together with significant references on recent advances on the topic. Moreover, a final comment summarises the aspects enlightened by each chapter and provides some hints to better understand the metal-NHCs mechanistic behaviour based on structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Guarra
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Mármol I, Montanel-Perez S, Royo JC, Gimeno MC, Villacampa MD, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Cerrada E. Gold(I) and Silver(I) Complexes with 2-Anilinopyridine-Based Heterocycles as Multitarget Drugs against Colon Cancer. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17732-17745. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inés Mármol
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Unidad de Fisiología. and CIBERobn, IIS Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Montanel-Perez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Carlos Royo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Unidad de Fisiología. and CIBERobn, IIS Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Villacampa
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Unidad de Fisiología. and CIBERobn, IIS Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Cerrada
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Chen C, Zhou L, Xie B, Wang Y, Ren L, Chen X, Cen B, Lv H, Wang H. Novel fast-acting pyrazole/pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes assembled with nanoparticles show enhanced safety and efficacy as anticancer therapeutics. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2505-2516. [PMID: 32022055 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04751d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthesized four novel multi-nuclear silver complexes (1-4) coordinated with pyrazole- or pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. The crystal structures of the silver-NHC complexes were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. In vitro assays showed that the silver-NHC complexes effectively killed a broad range of cancer cells after short-term drug exposure, serving as fast-acting cytotoxic agents. Of note, in cisplatin-resistant A549 cancer cells, the silver complexes were not cross-resistant with the clinically used cisplatin agent. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed that complex 2 triggered caspase-independent cell necrosis associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depletion. By exploiting a facile nano-assembly process, silver-NHC complexes 1, 2 and 4 were successfully integrated into the hydrophobic cores of amphiphilic matrices (DSPE-PEG2K), enabling systemic injection. The silver complex-loaded nanotherapeutics (1-NPs, 2-NPs, and 4-NPs) showed high safety margins with reduced systemic drug toxicities relative to cisplatin in animals. Furthermore, in a xenograft model of human colorectal cancer, the administration of the nanotherapeutics resulted in a marked inhibition of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China. and College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Liqian Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
| | - Binbin Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
| | - Lulu Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
| | - Beini Cen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
| | - He Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China.
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Liu X, Han Y, Ge X, Liu Z. Imidazole and Benzimidazole Modified Half-Sandwich Iridium III N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis, Anticancer Application, and Organelle Targeting. Front Chem 2020; 8:182. [PMID: 32257999 PMCID: PMC7090125 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of a series of half-sandwich iridiumIII imidazole and benzimidazole N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) anticancer complexes, and the general formula of which can be expressed as [(η5-Cpx)Ir(C∧N)Cl]Cl (Cpx: pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) or biphenyl derivatives (Cpxbiph); C∧N: imidazole and benzimidazole NHC chelating ligands). Compared with cis-platin, these complexes showed interesting antitumor activity against A549 cells. Complexes could bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by means of static quenching mode, catalyze the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, these complexes could arrest the cell cycles of A549 cells and influence the mitochondrial membrane potential significantly. Due to the inherent luminescence property, laser confocal test show that complexes could enter cells followed an energy-dependent mechanism and effectively accumulate in lysosome (the value of Pearson's co-localization coefficient is 0.70 after 1 h), further destroy lysosome integrity and induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xicheng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Yali Han
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Xingxing Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
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7
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Yu B, Liu Y, Peng X, Hua S, Zhou G, Yan K, Liu Y. Synthesis, characterization, and antitumor properties of Au(i)–thiourea complexes. Metallomics 2020; 12:104-113. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00232d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The complex Au(i)(3c)2OTf induced the ROS elevation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in a synergistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqiong Yu
- Medical Science Research Center
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Xian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Siyu Hua
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Gangcheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE) College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences
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Hutchinson SM, Ardón-Muñoz LG, Ratliff ML, Bolliger JL. Catalytic Preparation of 1-Aryl-Substituted 1,2,4-Triazolium Salts. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17923-17933. [PMID: 31681902 PMCID: PMC6822220 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
1,4-Diaryl- and 1-aryl-4-alkyl-substituted 1,2,4-triazolium salts are convenient air-stable precursors to carbenes used both as organocatalysts or as ligands for transition metal complexes. Traditionally, they are prepared via a multistep synthetic pathway with the low-yielding formation of the triazolium ring occurring in the last step. We have developed an alternative two-step synthesis involving the conversion of a primary amine or aniline derivative to the corresponding 4-substituted triazole followed by a copper-catalyzed arylation with diaryliodonium salts. This transition metal-catalyzed arylation can be carried out under mild conditions in acetonitrile and is tolerant toward both water and oxygen. Additionally, the high functional group tolerance of the protocol described here gives easy access to triazolium salts containing heterocyclic substituents or sulfides.
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Sayin K, Kariper SE, Taştan M, Sayin TA, Karakaş D. Investigations of structural, spectral, electronic and biological properties of N-heterocyclic carbene Ag(I) and Pd(II) complexes. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Geigle S, Rasale DB, Gillingham D. Synthesis of Various Water Soluble and Stable Copper Complexes Bearing N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands and Their Activity in DNA Alkylation. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Geigle
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Dnyaneshwar B. Rasale
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Dennis Gillingham
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
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Movassaghi S, Singh S, Mansur A, Tong KKH, Hanif M, Holtkamp HU, Söhnel T, Jamieson SMF, Hartinger CG. (Pyridin-2-yl)-NHC Organoruthenium Complexes: Antiproliferative Properties and Reactivity toward Biomolecules. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Movassaghi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sukhjit Singh
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Aewan Mansur
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kelvin K. H. Tong
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Hannah U. Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M. F. Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Vanicek S, Podewitz M, Stubbe J, Schulze D, Kopacka H, Wurst K, Müller T, Lippmann P, Haslinger S, Schottenberger H, Liedl KR, Ott I, Sarkar B, Bildstein B. Highly Electrophilic, Catalytically Active and Redox-Responsive Cobaltoceniumyl and Ferrocenyl Triazolylidene Coinage Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:3742-3753. [PMID: 29214677 PMCID: PMC6100101 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A convenient access to a triad of triazoles with ferrocenyl and cobaltoceniumyl substituents is reported. N-Alkylation, deprotonation and metalation with CuI /AgI /AuI synthons affords the heteroleptic triazolylidene complexes. Due to the combination of neutral, electron-donating ferrocenyl substituents and cationic, strongly electron-withdrawing cobaltocenium substituents, the mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands of these complexes are electronically interesting "push-pull", "pull-push" and "pull-pull" metalloligands with further switchable redox states based on their fully reversible FeII /FeIII , (ferrocene/ferrocenium) and CoIII /CoII , (cobaltocenium/cobaltocene) redox couples. These are the first examples of metal complexes of (di)cationic NHC ligands based on cobaltoceniumyl substituents. DFT calculated Tolman electronic parameter (TEP) of the new MIC ligands, show these metalloligands to be extremely electron-poor NHCs with properties unmatched in other carbene chemistry. Utilization of these multimetallic electronically tunable compounds in catalytic oxazoline synthesis and in antitumor studies are presented. Remarkably, 1 mol % of the AuI complex with the dicationic MIC ligand displays full catalytic conversion, without the need for any other additives, in less than 2 hours at ambient temperatures. These results thus firmly establish these new classes of cobaltoceniumyl based (di)cationic MIC ligands as prominent players in several branches of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vanicek
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Jessica Stubbe
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic ChemistryFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Dennis Schulze
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic ChemistryFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Holger Kopacka
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Petra Lippmann
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigBeethovenstr. 5538106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Simone Haslinger
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Herwig Schottenberger
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Klaus R. Liedl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigBeethovenstr. 5538106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic ChemistryFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Benno Bildstein
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Innsbruck, Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
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Evaluation of the Profile and Mechanism of Neurotoxicity of Water-Soluble [Cu(P)4]PF6 and [Au(P)4]PF6 (P = thp or PTA) Anticancer Complexes. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:93-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9864-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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14
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Zhang L, Han YF. A macrocyclic silver polycarbene complex based on 1,2,4-triazole units: synthesis and postsynthetic modification. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4267-4272. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00169c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A method for the synthesis of a new rectangular 1,2,4-triazole-containing macrocycle via photochemical [2 + 2] cycloaddition with a metal–carbene template was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- FM & EM International Joint Laboratory
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- FM & EM International Joint Laboratory
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
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15
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Pellei M, Gandin V, Marzano C, Marinelli M, Del Bello F, Santini C. The first water‐soluble copper(I) complexes bearing sulfonated imidazole‐ and benzimidazole‐derived N‐heterocyclic carbenes: Synthesis and anticancer studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry DivisionUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of Padova Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of Padova Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Marika Marinelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry DivisionUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry UnitUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry DivisionUniversity of Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
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16
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Recent Developments in the Medicinal Applications of Silver-NHC Complexes and Imidazolium Salts. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081263. [PMID: 28749425 PMCID: PMC6152056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of their great structural diversity and multitude of chemical properties, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been utilized in a variety of capacities. Most recently, NHCs have been utilized as carrier molecules for many transition metals in medicinal chemistry. Specifically, Ag(I)-NHCs have been investigated as potent antibacterial agents and chemotherapeutics and have shown great efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Ag(I)-NHC compounds have been shown to be effective against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Many compounds have also shown great efficacy as antitumor agents demonstrating comparable or better antitumor activity than standard chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. While these compounds have shown great promise, clinical use has remained an unattained goal. Current research has been focused upon synthesis of novel Ag(I)-NHC compounds and further investigations of their antibacterial and antitumor activity. This review will focus on recent advances of Ag(I)-NHCs in medicinal applications.
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17
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Funt LD, Tomashenko OA, Mosiagin IP, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF. Synthesis of Pyrrolotriazoloisoquinoline Frameworks by Intramolecular Cu-Mediated or Free Radical Arylation of Triazoles. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7583-7594. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liya D. Funt
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Olesya A. Tomashenko
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Ivan P. Mosiagin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander F. Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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18
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Coinage Metal Complexes of the Carbenic Tautomer of a Conjugated Mesomeric Betaine Akin to Nitron. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071133. [PMID: 28686202 PMCID: PMC6152182 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was motivated by our recent observation that the analytical reagent Nitron (2) is an “instant carbene”, whose reaction with coinage metal salts MX afforded complexes of its carbenic tautomer 1,4-diphenyl-3-phenylamino-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidene (2′). Our aim was to establish an alkyl homologue of 2 in order to achieve a carbenic tautomer of higher donicity. For this purpose 1-tert-butyl-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium-3-tert-butylaminide (6) was synthesized. Its reactions with MX afforded complexes of the carbenic tautomer 1-tert-butyl-3-tert-butylamino-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidene (6′). With a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 complexes of the type [MX(6′)] were obtained. A ratio of 2:1 furnished complexes of the type [MX(6′)2] or [M(6′)2]X. 6′ is a better σ-donor and less electrophilic than 2′ according to NMR spectroscopic data of 6H[BF4] and 6′ = Se, respectively, and IR spectroscopic data of [RhCl(6′)(CO)2] confirm that its net electron donor capacity is superior to that of 2′. A comparison of the complexes of 2′ and 6′ reveals two pronounced structural differences. [CuX(6′)2] (X = Cl, Br) exhibit more acute C–Cu–C bond angles than [CuX(2′)2]. In contrast to [CuCl(2′)], [CuCl(6′)] aggregates through Cu···Cu contacts of ca. 2.87 Å, compatible with cuprophilic interactions. These differences may be explained by the complementary steric requirements of the t-Bu and the Me substituent of 6′.
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19
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Jopp M, Becker J, Becker S, Miska A, Gandin V, Marzano C, Schindler S. Anticancer activity of a series of copper(II) complexes with tripodal ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:274-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Mono- and bis-N-heterocyclic carbene silver(I) and palladium(II) complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and in vitro anticancer studies. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Xie L, Luo Z, Zhao Z, Chen T. Anticancer and Antiangiogenic Iron(II) Complexes That Target Thioredoxin Reductase to Trigger Cancer Cell Apoptosis. J Med Chem 2016; 60:202-214. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zuandi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhennan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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22
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Liu W, Gust R. Update on metal N-heterocyclic carbene complexes as potential anti-tumor metallodrugs. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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23
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24
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Shang D, Ni J, Gao X, Li C, Lin X, Wang Z, Du N, Li S, Xing Y. Various structures of complexes fabricated using transition metals and triazole ligands and their inhibition effects on xanthine luminescence. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01503d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between novel transition metal complexes and xanthine luminescence was studied for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Shang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
| | - Juechen Ni
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- College of Physics and Electronic Technology
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Chengren Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Technology
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
| | - Zhinan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
| | - Yongheng Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaoning Normal University
- Dalian City
- P. R. China
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