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Franca-Oliveira G, Monreal Peinado S, Alves de Souza SM, Kalume DE, Ferraz de Souza TL, Hernández-Ledesma B, Martinez-Rodriguez AJ. Proteomic Characterization of a Lunasin-Enriched Soybean Extract Potentially Useful in the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Nutrients 2024; 16:2056. [PMID: 38999803 PMCID: PMC11242994 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection affects over 50% of the world's population and leads to chronic inflammation and gastric disorders, being the main pathogen correlated to gastric cancer development. Increasing antibiotic resistance levels are a major global concern and alternative treatments are needed. Soybean peptides and other compounds might be an alternative in the treatment to avoid, eradicate and/or control symptoms of H. pylori infection. This study aimed to characterize a lunasin-enriched soybean extract (LSE) using proteomics tools and to evaluate its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties against H. pylori infection. By LC-MS/MS analysis, 124 proteins were identified, with 2S albumin (lunasin and large-chain subunits) being the fourth most abundant protein (8.9%). Lunasin consists of 44 amino acid residues and an intramolecular disulfide bond. LSE at a low dose (0.0625 mg/mL) reduced ROS production in both H. pylori-infected and non-infected AGS gastric cells. This led to a significant reduction of 6.71% in the levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-8. LSE also showed antibacterial activity against H. pylori, which can be attributed to other soybean proteins and phenolic compounds. Our findings suggest that LSE might be a promising alternative in the management of H. pylori infection and its associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Franca-Oliveira
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM + CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Monreal Peinado
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM + CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephanny Miranda Alves de Souza
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanobiossistemas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias 25240-005, Brazil
| | - Dario Eluan Kalume
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, Brazil
| | - Theo Luiz Ferraz de Souza
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanobiossistemas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias 25240-005, Brazil
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM + CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Zhou Y, Zhou S, Lu C, Zhang Y, Zhao H. Enrichment of Trypsin Inhibitor from Soybean Whey Wastewater Using Different Precipitating Agents and Analysis of Their Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:2613. [PMID: 38893489 PMCID: PMC11173672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Recovering valuable active substances from the by-products of agricultural processing is a crucial concern for scientific researchers. This paper focuses on the enrichment of soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) from soybean whey wastewater using either ammonium sulfate salting or ethanol precipitation, and discusses their physicochemical properties. The results show that at a 60% ethanol content, the yield of STI was 3.983 mg/mL, whereas the yield was 3.833 mg/mL at 60% ammonium sulfate saturation. The inhibitory activity of STI obtained by ammonium sulfate salting out (A-STI) was higher than that obtained by ethanol precipitation (E-STI). A-STI exhibited better solubility than E-STI at specific temperatures and pH levels, as confirmed by turbidity and surface hydrophobicity measurements. Thermal characterization revealed that both A-STI and E-STI showed thermal transition temperatures above 90 °C. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that A-STI had a smooth surface with fewer pores, while E-STI had a rough surface with more pores. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in the yield of A-STI and E-STI (p < 0.05); however, the physicochemical properties of A-STI were superior to those of E-STI, making it more suitable for further processing and utilization. This study provides a theoretical reference for the enrichment of STI from soybean whey wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yihao Zhang
- College of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin 546199, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- College of Food and Biochemical Engineering, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin 546199, China
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3
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Ethier R, Krishnamurthy A, Jeffrey M, Tompkins TA. Profiling of Metabolites in a Fermented Soy Dietary Supplement Reinforces its Role in the Management of Intestinal Inflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300770. [PMID: 38522032 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Gastro-AD (GAD) is a soy flour derived product that undergoes an industrial fermentation with Lactobacillus delbrueckii R0187 and has demonstrated clinical effects in gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer symptom resolution. The aim of this study is to describe and link GAD's metabolomic profile to plausible mechanisms that manifest and explain the documented clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS 1H NMR spectroscopy with multivariate statistical analysis is used to characterize the prefermented soy flour and GAD products. The acquired spectra are screened using various resources and the molecular assignments are confirmed using total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY). Peaks corresponding to different metabolites are integrated and compared between the two products for relative changes. HPLC and GC are used to quantify some specific molecules. NMR analyses demonstrate significant changes in the composition of various assigned bioactive moieties. HPLC and GC analysis demonstrate deglycation of isoflavones after fermentation, resulting in estrogenically active secondary metabolites that have been previously shown to help to reduce inflammation. CONCLUSION The identification of bioactive molecules, such as genistein and SCFAs, capable of modulating anti-inflammatory signaling cascades in the stomach's gastric and neuroendocrine tissues can explain the reported biological effects in GAD and is supported by in vivo data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ethier
- Richard Ethier Consulting, Montreal, Quebec, H4C 2J9, Canada
| | - Arun Krishnamurthy
- Purity-IQ Inc., Suite# 102, 150 Research Lane, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 4T2, Canada
| | - Michael Jeffrey
- Faculty of Science, Engineering & Information Technology, Durham College, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - Thomas A Tompkins
- Lallemand Bio-Ingredients, 1620 rue Prefontaine, Montreal, Quebec, H1W 2N8, Canada
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4
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Kaufman-Szymczyk A, Kaczmarek W, Fabianowska-Majewska K, Lubecka-Gajewska K. Lunasin and Its Epigenetic Impact in Cancer Chemoprevention. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119187. [PMID: 37298139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, it is pivotal to search for bioactive dietary compounds that can avert tumor development. A diet rich in vegetables, including legumes, provides chemopreventive substances, which have the potential to prevent many diseases, including cancer. Lunasin is a soy-derived peptide whose anti-cancer activity has been studied for over 20 years. The results of the previous research have shown that lunasin inhibits histone acetylation, regulates the cell cycle, suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, lunasin seems to be a promising bioactive anti-cancer agent and a potent epigenetic modulator. The present review discusses studies of the underlying molecular mechanisms and new perspectives on lunasin application in epigenetic prevention and anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kaufman-Szymczyk
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Kaczmarek
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Lubecka-Gajewska
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Pourali G, Kazemi D, Pourali R, Rahmani N, Razzaghi E, Maftooh M, Fiuji H, Ghorbani E, Khazaei M, Ferns GA, Hassanian SM, Avan A. Bioactive Peptides: Potential Impact on the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2450-2460. [PMID: 37877510 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128261378231019201709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed the potential use of bioactive peptides in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, which are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Conventional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, are associated with numerous side effects that may lead to longterm complications. Bioactive peptides are short-chain amino acids that can be extracted from natural sources or synthesized, and they have various potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-cancer properties. Bioactive peptides can be acquired from animal or plant sources, and can be classified based on their function, such as ACE-inhibiting, antimicrobial, and electrolyte- regulating peptides. Recent studies have demonstrated the promising role of bioactive peptides in tumor suppression, especially when combined with conventional therapies. In this study, we have reviewed the beneficial properties of bioactive peptides and their role in suppressing tumor activity. The mechanisms of bioactive peptides in tumor suppression are discussed. We have further reviewed the findings of preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated the application of bioactive peptides in the treatment of GI cancers. This review highlights the potential use of bioactive peptides as a promising treatment method for GI malignancies to increase the quality of life of GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Danial Kazemi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Street, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Pourali
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nafise Rahmani
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Erfan Razzaghi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Street, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Maftooh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Ghorbani
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Kusumah J, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Impact of soybean bioactive compounds as response to diet-induced chronic inflammation: A systematic review. Food Res Int 2022; 162:111928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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7
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Lunasin as a Promising Plant-Derived Peptide for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179548. [PMID: 36076946 PMCID: PMC9455814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the main public health problems worldwide, demanding the development of new therapeutic agents that can help reduce mortality. Lunasin is a soybean peptide that has emerged as an attractive option because its preventive and therapeutic actions against cancer. In this review, we evaluated available research on lunasin’s structure and mechanism of action, which should be useful for the development of lunasin-based therapeutic products. We described data on its primary, secondary, tertiary, and possible quaternary structure, susceptibility to post-translational modifications, and structural stability. These characteristics are important for understanding drug activity and characterizing lunasin products. We also provided an overview of research on lunasin pharmacokinetics and safety. Studies examining lunasin’s mechanisms of action against cancer were reviewed, highlighting reported activities, and known molecular partners. Finally, we briefly discussed commercially available lunasin products and potential combination therapeutics.
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Peng S, Song H, Chen Y, Li S, Guan X. Oral Delivery of Food-derived Bioactive Peptides: Challenges and Strategies. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2062772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Peng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongdong Song
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong Chen
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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9
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Swallah MS, Yang X, Li J, Korese JK, Wang S, Fan H, Yu H, Huang Q. The Pros and Cons of Soybean Bioactive Compounds: An Overview. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2062763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sharif Swallah
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Processing, Soybean Research & Development Centre, Chinese Agricultural Research SystemDivision of Soybean, Changchun, China
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Processing, Soybean Research & Development Centre, Chinese Agricultural Research SystemDivision of Soybean, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Processing, Soybean Research & Development Centre, Chinese Agricultural Research SystemDivision of Soybean, Changchun, China
| | - Joseph Kudadam Korese
- Agricultural Mechanization and Irrigation Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Sciences, University for Development StudiesDepartment of, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Sainan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Processing, Soybean Research & Development Centre, Chinese Agricultural Research SystemDivision of Soybean, Changchun, China
| | - Hongliang Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Processing, Soybean Research & Development Centre, Chinese Agricultural Research SystemDivision of Soybean, Changchun, China
| | - Hansong Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Processing, Soybean Research & Development Centre, Chinese Agricultural Research SystemDivision of Soybean, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Iron Beam Physical Biology, Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key, Hefei, China
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Cid-Gallegos MS, Corzo-Ríos LJ, Jiménez-Martínez C, Sánchez-Chino XM. Protease Inhibitors from Plants as Therapeutic Agents- A Review. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:20-29. [PMID: 35000105 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based diets are a great source of protease inhibitors (PIs). Two of the most well-known families of PIs are Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBI) and Kunitz-type inhibitors (KTI). The first group acts mainly on trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase; the second is on serine, cysteine, and aspartic proteases. PIs can retard or inhibit the catalytic action of enzymes; therefore, they are considered non-nutritional compounds; nevertheless, animal studies and cell line experiments showed promising results of PIs in treating human illnesses such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory processes, and different types of cancer (gastric, colorectal, breast, and lung cancer). Anticarcinogenic activity's proposed mechanisms of action comprise several inhibitory effects at different molecular levels, i.e., transcription, post-transcription, translation, post-translation, and secretion of cancer cells. This work reviews the potential therapeutic applications of PIs as anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory agents in human diseases and the mechanisms by which they exert these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Cid-Gallegos
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa s/n, México City, C.P. 07738, México
| | - L J Corzo-Ríos
- Departamento de Bioprocesos, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Av. Acueducto S/N, Barrio La Laguna, Col. Ticomán, México City, C.P. 07340, México
| | - C Jiménez-Martínez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa s/n, México City, C.P. 07738, México
| | - X M Sánchez-Chino
- CONACYT, Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur-Villahermosa, Tabasco, México.
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11
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Characterisation of Endogenous Peptides Present in Virgin Olive Oil. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031712. [PMID: 35163634 PMCID: PMC8836281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The low molecular weight peptide composition of virgin olive oil (VOO) is mostly unknown. We aimed to investigate the composition of the endogenous peptides present in VOO, the protein sources from which those peptides originate and their biological activities. A water-soluble extract containing peptides was obtained from VOO. The peptides were separated by size-exclusion using fast protein liquid chromatography, and the low molecular weight fraction (1600–700 kDa) was analysed by nanoscale liquid chromatography Orbitrap coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and de novo sequencing. Nineteen new peptides were identified by Peaks database algorithm, using the available Olea europaea (cv. Farga) genome database. Eight new peptides were also identified by Peaks de novo sequencing. The protein sources of the peptides detected in the database by Peaks DB were identified by BLAST-P search. Seed storage proteins were among the most frequent sources of VOO peptides. BIOPEP software was used to predict the biological activities of peptides and to simulate (in silico) the proteolytic activity of digestive enzymes on the detected peptide sequences. A selection of synthetic peptides was obtained for investigation of their bioactivities. Peptides VCGEAFGKA, NALLCSNS, CPANGFY, CCYSVY and DCHYFL possessed strong ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant activities in vitro. Antioxidant peptides could play a role in VOO quality.
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12
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Kårlund A, Paukkonen I, Gómez-Gallego C, Kolehmainen M. Intestinal Exposure to Food-Derived Protease Inhibitors: Digestion Physiology- and Gut Health-Related Effects. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1002. [PMID: 34442141 PMCID: PMC8394810 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9081002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived protease inhibitors (PI), such as Bowman-Birk inhibitors and Kunitz-type inhibitors, have been suggested to negatively affect dietary protein digestion by blocking the activity of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the human gastrointestinal system. In addition, some PIs may possess proinflammatory activities. However, there is also scientific evidence on some beneficial effects of PIs, for example, gut-related anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive activities in vitro and in vivo. Some PIs are sensitive to processing and digestion; thus, their survival is an important aspect when considering their positive and negative bioactivities. The aim of this review was to evaluate the relevance of PIs in protein digestion in humans and to discuss the potential of PIs from whole foods and as purified compounds in decreasing symptoms of bowel-related conditions. Based on the reviewed literature, we concluded that while the complex interactions affecting plant protein digestibility and bioavailability remain unclear, PI supplements could be considered for targeted purposes to mitigate inflammation and gastric pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kårlund
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (C.G.-G.); (M.K.)
| | - Isa Paukkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Carlos Gómez-Gallego
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (C.G.-G.); (M.K.)
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (C.G.-G.); (M.K.)
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13
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Avilés-Gaxiola S, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP, León-Felix J, Angulo-Escalante MA, Heredia JB. Peptides in Colorectal Cancer: Current State of Knowledge. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:467-476. [PMID: 32964320 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly and the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. CRC treatment is mainly based on surgery, chemotherapy, and even though the probability of complications after surgery is very low, chemo drugs affect the patient's quality of life. Multiple studies have shown a strong correlation between diet and the onset and progression of CRC. Thus, the consumption of dietary nutraceuticals for its treatment and prevention has been suggested as a promising option. Peptides have increasingly become of interest in human health due to their antioxidant, antihypertensive, and anticancer potential. In recent years, there have been extensive reports on peptides with anti-tumor activity, and some studies suggest that peptides modulate cell proliferation, evasion of cell death, and metastasis in malignant cells. Plant-derived peptides such as soybean, bean, and rice have received main attention. In this review, we show evidence of several mechanisms through which bioactive peptides exert anti-tumor activity over in vitro and in vivo CRC models. We also report the current status of major production techniques, as well as limitations and future perspectives. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Avilés-Gaxiola
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Col. Campo El Diez, CP 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Erick P Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Col. Campo El Diez, CP 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Josefina León-Felix
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Col. Campo El Diez, CP 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Angulo-Escalante
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Col. Campo El Diez, CP 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - J Basilio Heredia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Col. Campo El Diez, CP 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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14
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Gitlin-Domagalska A, Maciejewska A, Dębowski D. Bowman-Birk Inhibitors: Insights into Family of Multifunctional Proteins and Peptides with Potential Therapeutical Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120421. [PMID: 33255583 PMCID: PMC7760496 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBIs) are found primarily in seeds of legumes and in cereal grains. These canonical inhibitors share a highly conserved nine-amino acids binding loop motif CTP1SXPPXC (where P1 is the inhibitory active site, while X stands for various amino acids). They are natural controllers of plants' endogenous proteases, but they are also inhibitors of exogenous proteases present in microbials and insects. They are considered as plants' protective agents, as their elevated levels are observed during injury, presence of pathogens, or abiotic stress, i.a. Similar properties are observed for peptides isolated from amphibians' skin containing 11-amino acids disulfide-bridged loop CWTP1SXPPXPC. They are classified as Bowman-Birk like trypsin inhibitors (BBLTIs). These inhibitors are resistant to proteolysis and not toxic, and they are reported to be beneficial in the treatment of various pathological states. In this review, we summarize up-to-date research results regarding BBIs' and BBLTIs' inhibitory activity, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial and insecticidal strength, as well as chemopreventive properties.
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15
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Fernández-Tomé S, Hernández-Ledesma B. Gastrointestinal Digestion of Food Proteins under the Effects of Released Bioactive Peptides on Digestive Health. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000401. [PMID: 32974997 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract represents a specialized interface between the organism and the external environment. Because of its direct contact with lumen substances, the modulation of digestive functions by dietary substances is supported by a growing body of evidence. Food-derived bioactive peptides have demonstrated a plethora of activities in the organism with increasing interest toward their impact over the digestive system and related physiological effects. This review updates the biological effects of food proteins, specifically milk and soybean proteins, associated to gastrointestinal health and highlights the study of digestion products and released peptides, the identification of the active form/s, and the evaluation of the mechanisms of action underlying their relationship with the digestive cells and receptors. The approach toward the modifications that food proteins and peptides undergo during gastrointestinal digestion and their bioavailability is a crucial step for current investigations on the field. The recent literature on the regulation of digestive functions by peptides has been mostly considered in terms of their influence on gastrointestinal motility and signaling, oxidative damage and inflammation, and malignant cellular proliferation. A final section regarding the actual challenges and future perspectives in this scientific topic is critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fernández-Tomé
- Samuel Fernández-Tomé. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Blanca Hernández-Ledesma. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Amigo L, Hernández-Ledesma B. Current Evidence on the Bioavailability of Food Bioactive Peptides. Molecules 2020; 25:E4479. [PMID: 33003506 PMCID: PMC7582556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food protein-derived bioactive peptides are recognized as valuable ingredients of functional foods and/or nutraceuticals to promote health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, although peptides have been demonstrated to exert multiple benefits by biochemical assays, cell culture, and animal models, the ability to translate the new findings into practical or commercial uses remains delayed. This fact is mainly due to the lack of correlation of in vitro findings with in vivo functions of peptides because of their low bioavailability. Once ingested, peptides need to resist the action of digestive enzymes during their transit through the gastrointestinal tract and cross the intestinal epithelial barrier to reach the target organs in an intact and active form to exert their health-promoting properties. Thus, for a better understanding of the in vivo physiological effects of food bioactive peptides, extensive research studies on their gastrointestinal stability and transport are needed. This review summarizes the most current evidence on those factors affecting the digestive and absorptive processes of food bioactive peptides, the recently designed models mimicking the gastrointestinal environment, as well as the novel strategies developed and currently applied to enhance the absorption and bioavailability of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Research in Food Sciences (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI-UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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Li Q, Huang L, Luo Z, Tamer TM. Stability of trypsin inhibitor isolated from potato fruit juice against pH and heating treatment and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Chem 2020; 328:127152. [PMID: 32474234 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Potato trypsin inhibitor (PTI) was obtained from imitated potato wastewater through a sustainable method of sequential acid precipitation, salting out, and ultrafiltration. PTI had a favorable inhibition with the low IC50 of 6.861 ± 0.107 mg/L. To explore stability of PTI against pH and heating treatment, PTI secondary structure was investigated by circular dichroism and inhibition was determined using the BAPNA method. The results indicated that PTI exerted a certain heat resistance and excellent stability over a wide pH range. Also, correlation analysis displayed β-sheet and β-turn contents of PTI had a positive correlation with inhibition, whereas α-helix and random coil contents were negatively correlated with inhibition. During in vitro digestion, the limited loss rate of activity (29.28%) and degree of hydrolysis (24.39%) suggested that PTI presented sufficient resistance to gastrointestinal digestion. These findings would extend beneficial hints to convert potato wastewater by-product into the potential anti-obesity ingredient in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimeng Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lei Huang
- China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Zhigang Luo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Dongguan 523808, China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Tamer Mahmoud Tamer
- Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt
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18
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19
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Multifunctionality of lunasin and peptides released during its simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Food Res Int 2019; 125:108513. [PMID: 31554062 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, inflammation, and hypertension are recognized risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Because of the preventable character of these factors, the searching of dietary compounds with counteracting effects against them would provide a new framework for the development of novel multifunctional foods or nutraceuticals. Lunasin is a naturally occurring soybean peptide with chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory properties. Upon oral intake, lunasin is susceptible to the action of digestive enzymes during its transit through gastrointestinal tract. In spite of its cleavage into smaller peptides, these fragments have been suggested to contribute on the health beneficial effects attributed to lunasin. To confirm this hypothesis, the multifunctionality of lunasin derived-fragments was investigated. In vitro, peptides corresponding to the N-terminal and central regions of lunasin were demonstrated to inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme and to scavenge peroxyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radicals. Moreover, lunasin and fragments released during its gastrointestinal digestion exerted potent protective effects on cell viability and oxidative status in macrophages RAW264.7 challenged with chemicals tert-butylhydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide. These peptides were also able to reduce the nitric oxide production in pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. These results confirm the promising role of lunasin and its derived-fragments as protective agents against oxidative damage and inflammation-associated diseases.
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20
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Guarneire GJ, Cardoso Junior O, Marques Lima N, Aguilar Santos E, Aguiar Schulze C, Pereira Silva W, Pedro Oliveira Batista J, de Paula Carli G, Castro SB, Alves CCS, Carli AP. Effect of Anadenanthera colubrina protease inhibitors as an antiinflamatory mediator. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1690-1695. [PMID: 31198054 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1624962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to obtain and characterize protease inhibitors from A. colubrina leaves and evaluate their potential as inflammatory mediator and cell viability. The protein extract was analyzed and characterized by SDS-PAGE, RP-HPLC-PDA, MALDI-TOF/MS and Zeta potential. Bioassays were conducted in order to evaluate the cell viability in RAW 264.7, in vitro (NO and TNF-α production inhibition) and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential, inhibition rate of trypsin and hemagglutination activity from protein extract. The results revealed the presence of bands at 14, 21 and 30 kDa in SDS-PAGE, the RP-HPLC-PDA analysis showed peaks at 12, 13, 28 and 40 minutes and MALDI-TOF/MS showed peaks with 3.4, 4.7, 5.6, 9.4 and 11.2 kDa. The protein extracts presented enzymatic activity inhibition of trypsin (IC50 59.2 μgmL-1), did not show any cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells, hemagglutination 8HU and insignificant reduction in NO and TNF-α production and reduced anti-inflammatory potential in vivo compared to dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracimério J Guarneire
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Cardoso Junior
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel Aguilar Santos
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | - Caio Aguiar Schulze
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | - Wellington Pereira Silva
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Oliveira Batista
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Br Castro
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Caio Cesar S Alves
- Faculdade de Medicina do Mucuri, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra P Carli
- Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Teófilo Otoni, MG, Brazil
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Haddad Tabrizi S, Haddad E, Rajaram S, Oda K, Kaur A, Sabaté J. The Effect of Soybean Lunasin on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Diet Suppl 2019; 17:286-299. [PMID: 30955400 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2019.1577937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lunasin, a peptide isolated from soybeans, has been shown to exert antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and hypocholesterolemic effects in animal and in vitro models. In a triple-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, 31 participants (female: 19, male: 12, mean age 61 ± 9.9 years) were randomized to an 8-week treatment of lunasin-enriched soy extract (335mg/d) or placebo. A 3-week washout period was utilized between treatments. Serum lipids, glucose, and insulin, as well as blood pressure and anthropometrics, were measured at baseline, week 7, and week 8 of each treatment period. There were nonsignificant reductions in cardiometabolic risk factors with treatment: total cholesterol -0.1mmol/L, 95% CI [-0.28, 0.03]; LDL cholesterol -0.07mmol/L, 95% CI [-0.2, 0.06]; triglyceride 0% mmol/L, 95% CI (-10%, 11%]; fasting serum glucose -2% mmol/L, 95% CI [-4%, 1%]; BMI -0.05 kg/m2, 95% CI [-0.17, 0.07] and waist circumference -0.63cm, 95% CI [-1.8, 0.53]. Supplementation with lunasin-enriched soy extract for 8 weeks did not result in significant changes in serum lipids, glucose, insulin resistance, blood pressure, BMI, or waist circumference. Future studies should focus on a higher dosage, larger sample size, and/or longer treatment to determine the independent role of lunasin, if any, in the effect of soy on cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Haddad Tabrizi
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ella Haddad
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Keiji Oda
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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22
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Fernández-Tomé S, Hernández-Ledesma B. Current state of art after twenty years of the discovery of bioactive peptide lunasin. Food Res Int 2019; 116:71-78. [PMID: 30716999 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases have become the medical challenge of the 21st century because of their high incidence and mortality rates. Accumulating evidence has suggested that the modulation of diet and other lifestyle habits is the best strategy for the prevention of these diseases. An increasing number of dietary compounds have been found to exert health promoting benefits beyond their nutritional effects. Among them, lunasin is considered one of the most studied bioactive peptides. Since its discovery in soybean twenty years ago, many researchers around the world have focused their studies on demonstrating the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity of lunasin. Moreover, in the last years, promising protective effects of this peptide against hypercholesterolemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome and associated cardiovascular disorders, and inflammatory and immune-regulated diseases have been described. This review summarizes recent remarkable advances on the use of peptide lunasin as a potential functional ingredient to provide health benefits. Moreover, novel aspects related to the influence of lunasin's digestion and bioavailability, the mechanisms of action proposed to explain the underlying biological properties, and the incorporation of this peptide into nutritional supplements are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fernández-Tomé
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Chatterjee C, Gleddie S, Xiao CW. Soybean Bioactive Peptides and Their Functional Properties. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1211. [PMID: 30200502 PMCID: PMC6164536 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soy consumption has been associated with many potential health benefits in reducing chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, insulin-resistance/type II diabetes, certain type of cancers, and immune disorders. These physiological functions have been attributed to soy proteins either as intact soy protein or more commonly as functional or bioactive peptides derived from soybean processing. These findings have led to the approval of a health claim in the USA regarding the ability of soy proteins in reducing the risk for coronary heart disease and the acceptance of a health claim in Canada that soy protein can help lower cholesterol levels. Using different approaches, many soy bioactive peptides that have a variety of physiological functions such as hypolipidemic, anti-hypertensive, and anti-cancer properties, and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects have been identified. Some soy peptides like lunasin and soymorphins possess more than one of these properties and play a role in the prevention of multiple chronic diseases. Overall, progress has been made in understanding the functional and bioactive components of soy. However, more studies are required to further identify their target organs, and elucidate their biological mechanisms of action in order to be potentially used as functional foods or even therapeutics for the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Chatterjee
- Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
- Ottawa Research & Development Centre, Central Experimental Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue Building#21, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Stephen Gleddie
- Ottawa Research & Development Centre, Central Experimental Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue Building#21, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
| | - Chao-Wu Xiao
- Nutrition Research Division, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
- Food and Nutrition Science Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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24
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Price SJ, Pangloli P, Dia VP. Pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis reduced the ability of lunasin-enriched material to inhibit activation of the inflammasomes in THP-1 human macrophages. Food Funct 2018; 8:4449-4458. [PMID: 29090713 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation caused by the NLRP3 inflammasome has been linked to many diseases. Lunasin is a bioactive peptide from soybeans with reported anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis (PPH) on the ability of lunasin-enriched preparation (LEP) to inhibit inflammasome activation in differentiated THP-1 human macrophages. THP-1 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of LEP (0.0625 to 0.25 mg mL-1), primed with 1 μg mL-1 lipopolysaccharide for 6 h and activated by 5 mM adenosine triphosphate for 1 h. LEP reduced secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. In addition, LEP treatment inhibited the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in THP-1 human macrophages without affecting the expressions of NLRP3 and ASC proteins involved in inflammasomes. PPH reduced the ability of LEP to inhibit production of intracellular ROS. Our results showed that LEP inhibited activation of inflammasomes by reducing intracellular ROS in vitro which was reduced by PPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel James Price
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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25
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Transepithelial transport of lunasin and derived peptides: Inhibitory effects on the gastrointestinal cancer cells viability. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Luna-Vital D, González de Mejía E. Peptides from legumes with antigastrointestinal cancer potential: current evidence for their molecular mechanisms. Curr Opin Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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27
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Hsieh CC, Martínez-Villaluenga C, de Lumen BO, Hernández-Ledesma B. Updating the research on the chemopreventive and therapeutic role of the peptide lunasin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2070-2079. [PMID: 28990666 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic diseases have become the medical challenge of the 21st century because of their high incidence and mortality rates. Modulation of diet and lifestyle habits is considered as the best strategy for the prevention of these disorders. Health promoting benefits beyond their nutritional effects have been described for multiple dietary compounds. Among these compounds, the peptide lunasin is considered as one of the most promising. Naturally present in soybean, lunasin has been extensively studied in the last two decades because of its potential against chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and immunological disorders. The purpose of this article is to summarise the evidence on the presence of lunasin in soybean and derived foods, and its bioavailability once it is orally ingested. The protective and therapeutic effects of this peptide against cancer, oxidative stress, inflammation, and high cholesterol levels as well as the molecular mechanisms of action involved in these effects are also described in this review. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chien Hsieh
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies (Nutritional Science & Education), National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ben O de Lumen
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM, CEI UAM+CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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28
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Impact of ultrasonication on the physicochemical properties of sorghum kafirin and in vitro pepsin-pancreatin digestibility of sorghum gluten-like flour. Food Chem 2018; 240:1121-1130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Abstract
Microbial fermentation has been used historically for the preservation of foods, the health benefits of which have since come to light. Early dairy fermentations depended on the spontaneous activity of the indigenous microbiota of the milk. Modern fermentations rely on defined starter cultures with desirable characteristics to ensure consistency and commercial viability. The selection of defined starters depends on specific phenotypes that benefit the product by guaranteeing shelf life and ensuring safety, texture, and flavour. Lactic acid bacteria can produce a number of bioactive metabolites during fermentation, such as bacteriocins, biogenic amines, exopolysaccharides, and proteolytically released peptides, among others. Prebiotics are added to food fermentations to improve the performance of probiotics. It has also been found that prebiotics fermented in the gut can have benefits that go beyond helping probiotic growth. Studies are now looking at how the fermentation of prebiotics such as fructo-oligosaccharides can help in the prevention of diseases such as osteoporosis, obesity, and colorectal cancer. The potential to prevent or even treat disease through the fermentation of food is a medically and commercially attractive goal and is showing increasing promise. However, the stringent regulation of probiotics is beginning to detrimentally affect the field and limit their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daragh Hill
- Department of Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,The School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ivan Sugrue
- Department of Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elke Arendt
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,The School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Department of Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,College of Science Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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30
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31
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He H, Li X, Kong X, Zhang C, Hua Y, Chen Y. Effects of Disulfide Bond Reduction on the Conformation and Trypsin/Chymotrypsin Inhibitor Activity of Soybean Bowman-Birk Inhibitor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2461-2467. [PMID: 28249116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soybean seeds contain three groups (A, C, and D) of Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBIs). In this study, highly purified BBI-A (approximately 96%) was obtained from soybean whey at the 0.1 g level by the complex coacervation method. BBI-A has seven disulfide bonds (SS) and no sulfhydryl group and exhibits trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) and chymotrypsin inhibitor activity (CIA). The X-ray structure has shown that BBI-A has five exposed SS and two buried SS. Because of steric hindrance, it was reasonable to consider that dithiothreitol first attacks the five exposed SS and then the two buried SS, which was supported by the results that SS reduction with dithiothreitol could be divided into quick and slow stages, and the critical point was close to 5/7. The effects of SS reduction on TIA and CIA could be divided into three stages: when one exposed SS was reduced, both TIA and CIA decreased to approximately 60%; with further reduction of exposed SS, CIA gradually decreased to 8% and TIA gradually decreased to 26%; with further reduction of buried SS, CIA gradually decreased to 2% and TIA slightly decreased to 24%. Far-ultraviolet (far-UV) circular dichroism (CD) spectra showed that the secondary structure of BBI-A was slightly changed, whereas near-ultraviolet (near-UV) CD spectra showed that the conformation of BBI-A was substantially changed after the five exposed SS were reduced; further reduction of buried SS affected the conformation to some extent. The results of Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and from a C8 column showed the same trend as near-UV CD spectra. BBI-A has a structural peculiarity in that two hydrophobic patches are exposed to the exterior (in contrast to typical soluble proteins), which was attributed to the seven SS by some researchers. These results support the hypothesis that hydrophobic collapse of the exposed hydrophobic patches into a regular hydrophobic core occurred after the reduction of SS in BBI-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xingfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Caimeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yeming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
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Price SJ, Pangloli P, Krishnan HB, Dia VP. Kunitz trypsin inhibitor in addition to Bowman-Birk inhibitor influence stability of lunasin against pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis. Food Res Int 2016; 90:205-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Muceniece R, Namniece J, Nakurte I, Jekabsons K, Riekstina U, Jansone B. Pharmacological research on natural substances in Latvia: Focus on lunasin, betulin, polyprenol and phlorizin. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:760-770. [PMID: 27109319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this concise review the current research in plant bioactive compound studies in Latvia is described. The paper summarizes recent studies on substances from edible plants (e.g., cereals and apples) or their synthetic analogues, such as peptide lunasin, as well as substances isolated from inedible plants (e.g., birch and conifer), such as pentacyclic triterpenes (e.g., betulin, betulinic acid, and lupeol) and polyprenols. Latvian researchers have been first to demonstrate the presence of lunasin in triticale and oats. Additionally, the impact of genotype on the levels of lunasin in cereals was shown. Pharmacological studies have revealed effects of lunasin and synthetic triterpenes on the central nervous system in rodents. We were first to show that synthetic lunasin causes a marked neuroleptic/cataleptic effect and that betulin antagonizes bicuculline-induced seizures (a GABA A receptor antagonist). Studies on the mechanisms of action showed that lunasin binds to dopamine D1 receptors and betulin binds to melanocortin and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors therefore we suggest that these receptors play an essential role in lunasin's and betulin's central effects. Recent studies on conifer polyprenols demonstrated the ability of polyprenols to prevent statin-induced muscle weakness in a rat model. Another study on plant compounds has demonstrated the anti-hyperglycemic activity of phlorizin-containing unripe apple pomace in healthy volunteers. In summary, research into plant-derived compounds in Latvia has been focused on fractionating, isolating and characterizing of lunasin, triterpenes, polyprenols and phlorizin using in vitro, and in vivo assays, and human observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Muceniece
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia.
| | - Jana Namniece
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Ilva Nakurte
- Department of Physical chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Jekabsons
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Una Riekstina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Baiba Jansone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd, Riga, LV1586, Latvia
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