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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Shining New Light on Biological Systems: Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 39052606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging is a powerful and versatile technique for investigating cell physiology and pathology in living systems, making significant contributions to life science research and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, luminescent transition metal complexes have gained significant attention for diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, with a focus on transition metal centers with a d6, d8, and d10 electronic configuration. We elucidate the structure-property relationships of luminescent transition metal complexes, exploring how their structural characteristics can be manipulated to control their biological behavior such as cellular uptake, localization, biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Furthermore, we introduce the various design strategies that leverage the interesting photophysical properties of luminescent transition metal complexes for a wide variety of biological applications, including autofluorescence-free imaging, multimodal imaging, organelle imaging, biological sensing, microenvironment monitoring, bioorthogonal labeling, bacterial imaging, and cell viability assessment. Finally, we provide insights into the challenges and perspectives of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, as well as their use in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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2
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Li D, Pan C, Zong Y, Wu D, Ding Y, Wang C, Wang S, Crittenden JC. Ru(III)-Periodate for High Performance and Selective Degradation of Aqueous Organic Pollutants: Important Role of Ru(V) and Ru(IV). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12094-12104. [PMID: 37490389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Ru(III) ions were utilized to activate periodate (PI) for oxidation of trace organic pollutants (TOPs, e.g., carbamazepine (CBZ)). The Ru(III)/PI system can significantly promote the oxidation of CBZ in a wide initial pH range (3.0-11.0) at 1 μM Ru(III), showing much higher performance than transition metal ions (i.e., Fe(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Fe(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), and Ce(III)) and noble metal ion (i.e., Ag(I), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Ir(III)) activated PI systems. Probe experiments, UV-vis spectra, and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra confirmed high-valent Ru-oxo species (Ru(V)=O) as the dominant oxidant in the process. Because of the dominant role of Ru(V)=O, the Ru(III)/PI process exhibited a remarkable selectivity and strong anti-interference in the oxidation of TOPs in complex water matrices. The Ru(V)=O species can undertake 1-e- and 2-e- transfer reactions via the catalytic cycles of Ru(V)=O → Ru(IV) → Ru(III) and Ru(V)=O → Ru(III), respectively. The utilization efficiency of PI in the Ru(III)/PI process for the oxidation of TOPs can approach 100% under optimal conditions. PI stoichiometrically transformed into IO3- without production of undesired iodine species (e.g., HOI and I2). This study developed an efficient and environmentally benign advanced oxidation process for rapid removal of TOPs and enriched understandings on reactivity of Ru(V)=O and Ru catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defenna Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Cong Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yang Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Deli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yaobin Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Chengjun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - John C Crittenden
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Siebe HS, Sardjan AS, Maßmann SC, Flapper J, van den Berg KJ, Eisink NNHM, Kentgens APM, Feringa BL, Kumar A, Browne WR. Formation of substituted dioxanes in the oxidation of gum arabic with periodate. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2023; 25:4058-4066. [PMID: 37223211 PMCID: PMC10202368 DOI: 10.1039/d2gc04923f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Renewable polysaccharide feedstocks are of interest in bio-based food packaging, coatings and hydrogels. Their physical properties often need to be tuned by chemical modification, e.g. by oxidation using periodate, to introduce carboxylic acid, ketone or aldehyde functional groups. The reproducibility required for application on an industrial scale, however, is challenged by uncertainty about the composition of product mixtures obtained and of the precise structural changes that the reaction with periodate induces. Here, we show that despite the structural diversity of gum arabic, primarily rhamnose and arabinose subunits undergo oxidation, whereas (in-chain) galacturonic acids are unreactive towards periodate. Using model sugars, we show that periodate preferentially oxidises the anti 1,2-diols in the rhamnopyranoside monosaccharides present as terminal groups in the biopolymer. While formally oxidation of vicinal diols results in the formation of two aldehyde groups, only traces of aldehydes are observed in solution, with the main final products obtained being substituted dioxanes, both in solution and in the solid state. The substituted dioxanes form most likely by the intramolecular reaction of one aldehyde with a nearby hydroxyl group, followed by hydration of the remaining aldehyde to form a geminal diol. The absence of significant amounts of aldehyde functional groups in the modified polymer impacts crosslinking strategies currently attempted in the preparation of renewable polysaccharide-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmke S Siebe
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Andy S Sardjan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Sarina C Maßmann
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jitte Flapper
- Akzo Nobel Decorative Coatings BV Rijksstraatweg 31 Sassenheim 2171 AJ The Netherlands
| | | | - Niek N H M Eisink
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Arno P M Kentgens
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Akshay Kumar
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI) P.O. Box 902 5600 AX Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Wesley R Browne
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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4
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Gámez S, Magerat A, de la Torre E, Gaigneaux EM. Functionalization of carbon black for Ru complexation towards the oxidative cleavage of oleic acid. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.113097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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5
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Almi M, Zhou M, Saal A, Springborg M. Mechanistic insights into aerobic oxidative cleavage of glycol catalyzed by an Anderson-type polyoxometalate [IMo 6O 24] 5. J Mol Model 2023; 29:57. [PMID: 36710274 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A computational investigation of the aerobic oxidative C-C bond cleavage reaction of glycol catalyzed by an Anderson-type heteropolyanion HPA [IMo6O24]5- in the presence of acetonitrile as solvent has been performed at the WB97XD/6-31G(d,p)/lanl2dz level. Two reaction pathways have been identified. The catalytic cycle of each pathway consists of three steps: oxidation cleavage of a glycol molecule by the HPA, oxidation of the HPA by one dioxygen molecule, and, finally, oxidation of a second glycol and regeneration of the catalyst. These reaction pathways have been thoroughly investigated in terms of energetic, natural bond orbital (NBO), natural charges, and geometrical parameters. It is found that (i) even though the top oxygen atoms of the Anderson heteropolyanion are not the most negatively charged ones, they are more likely to react with the diol hydroxyl groups, (ii) a direct relationship between the presence of the iodine ion I(VII) and the studied oxidation reaction could not be identified, and (iii) in terms of energy, the transfer of the two hydrogen atoms is the most energetic step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Almi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique Computationnelle Et Photonique, Faculté de Chimie, Université Des Sciences Et de La Technologie Houari-Boumédiène (USTHB), El Alia, BP32, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Meijuan Zhou
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, People's Republic of China.
| | - Amar Saal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique Computationnelle Et Photonique, Faculté de Chimie, Université Des Sciences Et de La Technologie Houari-Boumédiène (USTHB), El Alia, BP32, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.,LCAGC Laboratory, Université Mouloud Mammeri Tizi Ouzou, UMMTO, 15000, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Michael Springborg
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium.,Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
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6
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Le TA, Huynh TP. Current advances in the Chemical functionalization and Potential applications of Guar gum and its derivatives. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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7
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Katanski CD, Watkins CP, Zhang W, Reyer M, Miller S, Pan T. Analysis of queuosine and 2-thio tRNA modifications by high throughput sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:e99. [PMID: 35713550 PMCID: PMC9508811 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Queuosine (Q) is a conserved tRNA modification at the wobble anticodon position of tRNAs that read the codons of amino acids Tyr, His, Asn, and Asp. Q-modification in tRNA plays important roles in the regulation of translation efficiency and fidelity. Queuosine tRNA modification is synthesized de novo in bacteria, whereas in mammals the substrate for Q-modification in tRNA is queuine, the catabolic product of the Q-base of gut bacteria. This gut microbiome dependent tRNA modification may play pivotal roles in translational regulation in different cellular contexts, but extensive studies of Q-modification biology are hindered by the lack of high throughput sequencing methods for its detection and quantitation. Here, we describe a periodate-treatment method that enables single base resolution profiling of Q-modification in tRNAs by Nextgen sequencing from biological RNA samples. Periodate oxidizes the Q-base, which results in specific deletion signatures in the RNA-seq data. Unexpectedly, we found that periodate-treatment also enables the detection of several 2-thio-modifications including τm5s2U, mcm5s2U, cmnm5s2U, and s2C by sequencing in human and E. coli tRNA. We term this method periodate-dependent analysis of queuosine and sulfur modification sequencing (PAQS-seq). We assess Q- and 2-thio-modifications at the tRNA isodecoder level, and 2-thio modification changes in stress response. PAQS-seq should be widely applicable in the biological studies of Q- and 2-thio-modifications in mammalian and microbial tRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Katanski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Christopher P Watkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Reyer
- Program of Biophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Samuel Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tao Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Arndt S, Kohlpaintner PJ, Donsbach K, Waldvogel SR. Synthesis and Applications of Periodate for Fine Chemicals and Important Pharmaceuticals. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Arndt
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp J. Kohlpaintner
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kai Donsbach
- Virginia Commonwealth University, College of Engineering, Medicines for All Institute, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-3068, United States
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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9
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Kisukuri CM, Bednarz RJ, Kampf C, Arndt S, Waldvogel SR. Robust and Self-Cleaning Electrochemical Production of Periodate. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200874. [PMID: 35670517 PMCID: PMC9546426 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Periodate, a platform oxidizer, can be electrochemically recycled in a self-cleaning process. Electrosynthesis of periodate is well established at boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes. However, recovered iodate and other iodo species for recycling can contain traces of organic impurities from previous applications. For the first time, it was shown that the organic impurities do not hamper the electrochemical re-oxidation of used periodate. In a hydroxyl-mediated environment, the organic compounds form CO2 and H2 O during the degradation process. This process is often referred to as "cold combustion" and provides orthogonal conditions to periodate synthesis. To demonstrate the strategy, different dyes, pharmaceutically active ingredients, and iodine compounds were added as model contaminations into the process of electrochemical periodate production. UV/Vis spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to monitor the degradation of organic molecules, and liquid chromatography-MS was used to control the purity of periodate. As a representative example, dimethyl 5-iodoisophthalate (2 mm), was degraded in 90, 95, and 99 % while generating 0.042, 0.054, and 0.082 kilo equiv. of periodate, respectively. In addition, various organic iodo compounds could be fed into the periodate generation for upcycling such iodo-containing waste, for example, contrast media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila M. Kisukuri
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | | | - Christopher Kampf
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Sebastian Arndt
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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Selective One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of N-Substituted 2,3,5-Functionalized 3-Cyanopyrroles via the Reaction between α-Hydroxyketones, Oxoacetonitriles, and Primary Amines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165285. [PMID: 36014523 PMCID: PMC9416797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A one-step, three-component reaction between α-hydroxyketones, oxoacetonitriles, and primary amines gives N-substituted 2,3,5-functionalized 3-cyanopyrroles with complete selectivity in up to 90% isolated yields. The reaction worked on a wide substrate scope under mild reaction conditions (AcOH as a catalyst, EtOH, 70 °C, 3 h). The reaction proceeded with very high atom efficiency as water is the only molecule lost during the reaction. The practicality of the reaction was demonstrated on a large gram scale. The structures of the 3-cyanopyrroles were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR; this work provides a general and practical entry to pyrrole scaffolds suitably decorated for the synthesis of various bioactive pyrroles in a concise manner.
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Arndt S, Rücker R, Stenglein A, Waldvogel SR. Reactor Design for the Direct Electrosynthesis of Periodate. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Arndt
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Richard Rücker
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Stenglein
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10−14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Richardson AD, Vogel TR, Traficante EF, Glover KJ, Schindler CS. Total Synthesis of (+)‐Cochlearol B by an Approach Based on a Catellani Reaction and Visible‐Light‐Enabled [2+2] Cycloaddition**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201213. [PMID: 35417620 PMCID: PMC9401860 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alistair D. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Willard Henry Dow Laboratory 930 North University Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Trenton R. Vogel
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Willard Henry Dow Laboratory 930 North University Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Emily F. Traficante
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Willard Henry Dow Laboratory 930 North University Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Kason J. Glover
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Willard Henry Dow Laboratory 930 North University Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Corinna S. Schindler
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Willard Henry Dow Laboratory 930 North University Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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Santos MGDC, Trindade CNDR, Vommaro RC, Domingues RMCP, Ferreira EDO. Binding of the extracellular matrix laminin-1 to Clostridioides difficile strains. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220035. [PMID: 35730804 PMCID: PMC9208321 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridioides difficile is the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhea associated with antibiotic use. The disease’s symptoms are caused by enterotoxins, but other surface adhesion factors also play a role in the pathogenesis. These adhesins will bind to components of extracellular matrix. OBJECTIVE There is a lack of knowledge on MSCRAMM, this work set-out to determine the adhesive properties of several C. difficile ribotypes (027, 133, 135, 014, 012) towards laminin-1 (LMN-1). METHODS A binding experiment revealed that different ribotypes have distinct adhesion capabilities. To identify this adhesin, an affinity chromatography column containing LMN-1 was prepared and total protein extracts were analysed using mass spectrometry. FINDINGS Strains from ribotypes 012 and 027 had the best adhesion when incubated with glucose supplementations (0.2%, 0.5%, and 1%), while RT135 had a poor adherence. The criteria were not met by RT014 and RT133. In the absence of glucose, there was no adhesion for any ribotype, implying that glucose is required and plays a significant role in adhesion. MAIN CONCLUSIONS These findings show that in the presence of glucose, each C. difficile ribotype interacts differently with LMN-1, and the adhesin responsible for recognition could be SlpA protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Gil de Castro Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Laboratório de Biologia de Anaeróbios, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Camilla Nunes Dos Reis Trindade
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Laboratório de Biologia de Anaeróbios, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rossiane Cláudia Vommaro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens, Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Eliane de Oliveira Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Laboratório de Biologia de Anaeróbios, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Deepankumar K, Guo Q, Mohanram H, Lim J, Mu Y, Pervushin K, Yu J, Miserez A. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of the Green Mussel Adhesive Protein Pvfp-5 is Regulated by the Post-Translated Dopa Amino Acid. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103828. [PMID: 34436789 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The underwater adhesive prowess of aquatic mussels has been largely attributed to the abundant post-translationally modified amino acid l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa) in mussel foot proteins (MFPs) that make up their adhesive threads. More recently, it has been suggested that during thread fabrication, MFPs form intermediate fluidic phases such as liquid crystals or coacervates regulated by a liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) process. Here, it is shown that Dopa plays another central role during mussel fiber formation, by enabling LLPS of Pvfp-5β, a main MFP of the green mussel Perna viridis. Using residue-specific substitution of Tyrosine (Tyr) for Dopa during recombinant expression, Dopa-substituted Pvfp-5β is shown to exhibit LLPS under seawater-like conditions, whereas the Tyr-only version forms insoluble aggregates. Combining quantum chemistry calculations and solution NMR, a transient H-bonding network requiring the two hydroxyl groups of Dopa is found to be critical to enable LLPS in Dopa-mutated Pvfp-5β. Overall, the study suggests that Dopa plays an important role in regulating LLPS of MFPs, which may be critical to concentrate the adhesive proteins at the plaque/substrate interface and therefore produce a more robust adhesive. The findings also provide molecular-level lessons to guide biomanufacturing of protein-based materials such as bioadhesives and load-bearing fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagavel Deepankumar
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Qi Guo
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Harini Mohanram
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Jessica Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Yuguang Mu
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Konstantin Pervushin
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Jing Yu
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Ali Miserez
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
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15
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Kim Y, Lee H, Oh H, Haider Z, Choi J, Shin YU, Kim HI, Lee J. Revisiting the Oxidizing Capacity of the Periodate-H 2O 2 Mixture: Identification of the Primary Oxidants and Their Formation Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5763-5774. [PMID: 35442651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study reexamined the mechanisms for oxidative organic degradation by the binary mixture of periodate and H2O2 (PI/H2O2) that was recently identified as a new advanced oxidation process. Our findings conflicted with the previous claims that (i) hydroxyl radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) contributed as the primary oxidants, and (ii) •OH production resulted from H2O2 reduction by superoxide radical anion (O2•-). PI/H2O2 exhibited substantial oxidizing capacity at pH < 5, decomposing organics predominantly by •OH. The likelihood of a switch in the major oxidant under varying pH conditions was revealed. IO4- as the major PI form under acidic conditions underwent one-electron reduction by H2O2 to yield radical intermediates, whereas H2I2O104- preferentially occurring at pH > 7 caused 1O2 generation through two-electron oxidation of H2O2. PI reduction by O2•- was suggested to be a key reaction in •OH production, on the basis of the electron paramagnetic resonance detection of methyl radicals in the dimethyl sulfoxide solutions containing PI and KO2, and the absence of deuterated and 18O-labeled hydroxylated intermediates during PI activation using D2O and H218O2. Finally, simple oxyanion mixing subsequent to electrochemical PI and H2O2 production achieved organic oxidation, enabling a potential strategy to minimize the use of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelim Kim
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hongshin Lee
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hoon Oh
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Zeeshan Haider
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jaemin Choi
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yong-Uk Shin
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Il Kim
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jaesang Lee
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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16
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Schindler CS, Richardson AD, Vogel TR, Traficante EF, Glover KJ. Total Synthesis of (+)‐Cochlearol B by an Approach Based on a Catellani Reaction and Visible‐Light‐Enabled [2+2] Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Wu L, Fei W, Liu Z, Zhang L, Fang C, Lu H. Specific and Reversible Enrichment of Early-Stage Glycated Proteome Based on Thiazolidine Chemistry and Palladium-Mediated Cleavage. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5213-5220. [PMID: 35333042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive analysis of protein glycation is important for better understanding of its formation mechanism and biological significance. The current preconcentration methods of glycated proteome mainly depend on the reversible combination of boronic acid and cis-dihydroxy group by pH adjustment, but it has inherent limitations (e.g., poor specificity and time-consuming). Herein, for the first time, a novel enrichment method for glycated peptides is proposed based on the reversible chemical reaction between aldehyde and 1,2-aminothiol groups, in which oxidized glycated peptides are captured onto the magnetic nanoparticles via thiazolidine chemistry and then released by palladium-mediated cleavage. The method is rapid, with excellent selectivity (even at a 1:1000 molar ratio of glycated peptides/nonglycated peptides) and high sensitivity (1 fmol/μL). As a good evidence, 1549 glycated peptides were identified from glycated human serum with 94.6% specificity, providing a powerful technique for high-throughput analysis of glycated peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Fang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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18
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Ryu S, Park JE, Ham YJ, Lim DC, Kwiatkowski NP, Kim DH, Bhunia D, Kim ND, Yaffe MB, Son W, Kim N, Choi TI, Swain P, Kim CH, Lee JY, Gray NS, Lee KS, Sim T. Novel Macrocyclic Peptidomimetics Targeting the Polo-Box Domain of Polo-Like Kinase 1. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1915-1932. [PMID: 35029981 PMCID: PMC10411393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The polo-box domain (PBD) of Plk1 is a promising target for cancer therapeutics. We designed and synthesized novel phosphorylated macrocyclic peptidomimetics targeting PBD based on acyclic phosphopeptide PMQSpTPL. The inhibitory activities of 16e on Plk1-PBD is >30-fold higher than those of PMQSpTPL. Both 16a and 16e possess excellent selectivity for Plk1-PBD over Plk2/3-PBD. Analysis of the cocrystal structure of Plk1-PBD in complex with 16a reveals that the 3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl group in 16a interacts with Arg516 through a π-stacking interaction. This π-stacking interaction, which has not been reported previously, provides insight into the design of novel and potent Plk1-PBD inhibitors. Furthermore, 16h, a PEGlyated macrocyclic phosphopeptide derivative, induces Plk1 delocalization and mitotic failure in HeLa cells. Also, the number of phospho-H3-positive cells in a zebrafish embryo increases in proportion to the amount of 16a. Collectively, the novel macrocyclic peptidomimetics should serve as valuable templates for the design of potent and novel Plk1-PBD inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeongShick Ryu
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Young Jin Ham
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C. Lim
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nicholas P. Kwiatkowski
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, College of Convergence and Integrated Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Debabrata Bhunia
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- Voronoibio Inc., Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael B. Yaffe
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Center for Precision Cancer Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States; Divisions of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma, and Surgical Critical Care, and Surgical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Woolim Son
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkyoung Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ik Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Puspanjali Swain
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, ChEM-H, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kyung S. Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of, Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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19
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Darvishi R, Moghadas H, Moshkriz A. Oxidized gum arabic cross-linked pectin/O-carboxymethyl chitosan: An antibiotic adsorbent hydrogel. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-1038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Bertini S, Henryon D, Edmunds AJF, Albrecht M. Pyridylidene Amide Ru Complex for Selective Oxidation in Organic Synthesis. Org Lett 2022; 24:1378-1382. [PMID: 35129978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium(II) bis(PYA) complex 1 (PYA = p-pyridylidene amide) is a powerful catalyst for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfones, of alkenes to carbonyl compounds, and of terminal alkynes to carboxylic acids by using NaIO4 as the terminal oxidant. The catalytic system shows a broad functional group tolerance and rate differences between alkyne and sulfide oxidation that are sufficiently large to effectively achieve selective sulfide oxidation with exquisite selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bertini
- Department für Chemie, Biochemie & Pharmazie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dorothée Henryon
- Syngenta Crop Protection Muenchwilen AG, Schaffhauseserstrasse, CH-4322 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J F Edmunds
- Syngenta Crop Protection Muenchwilen AG, Schaffhauseserstrasse, CH-4322 Stein, Switzerland
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department für Chemie, Biochemie & Pharmazie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Wang R, Sun P, Jin W, Zhang Y, Wang B, Xia Y, Xue F, Abdukader A, Liu C. Efficient and eco-friendly oxidative cleavage C–C bonds of 1,2-diols to ketones: electrochemistry vs thermochemistry. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00221c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two efficient methods for the oxidative cleavage C–C single bonds of vicinal tertiary diols by electrochemical and thermochemical strategies have been independently developed. The corresponding ketone products are smoothly assembled...
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22
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Yang G, Shi J, Sun H, Tong X. A product-controllable aerobic oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols using vanadium-based photocatalyst. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00566a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalytic controllable oxidative cleavage of C-C bond is developed with molecular oxygen as the oxidant. Herein, a series of vanadium oxide-based photocatalysts were synthesized and characterized by XPS, PL,...
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23
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Osetrov K, Uspenskaya M, Sitnikova V. The Influence of Oxidant on Gelatin-Tannin Hydrogel Properties and Structure for Potential Biomedical Application. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:150. [PMID: 35012172 PMCID: PMC8747450 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a widespread usage of sodium periodate as an oxidant for synthesizing gelatin-tannin hydrogels. The impact of iodine compounds could have a harmful effect on human health. The study focuses on the proposal of alternative oxidizing systems for tannin oxidation. Gelatin-tannin hydrogels were obtained based on the usage of H2O2/DMSO/KMnO4/KIO4 oxidants and characterized with sorption, thermal (TGA, DTG, DSC), mechanical, FTIR and other methods. The sorption experiments were carried out in a phosphate buffer (pH = 5.8/7.4/9) and distilled water and were investigated with Fick's law and pseudosecond order equation. The pH dependence of materials in acid media indicates the possibility of further usage as stimuli-responsive systems for drug delivery. Thermal transitions demonstrate the variation of structure with melting (306 ÷ 319 °C) and glass transition temperatures (261 ÷ 301 °C). The activation energy of water evaporation was calculated by isoconversional methods (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) ranging from 4 ÷ 18 to 14 ÷ 38 kJ/mole and model-fitting (Coats-Redfern, Kennedy-Clark) methods at 24.7 ÷ 45.3 kJ/mole, indicating the smooth growth of values with extent of conversion. The network parameters of the hydrogels were established by modified Flory-Rehner and rubber elasticity theories, which demonstrated differences in values (5.96 ÷ 21.27·10-3 mol/cm3), suggesting the limitations of theories. The sorption capacity, tensile strength and permeability for water/oxygen indicate that these materials may find their application in field of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Osetrov
- Bioengineering Institute, ITMO University, 197101 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (M.U.); (V.S.)
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24
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Zartner L, Maffeis V, Schoenenberger CA, Dinu IA, Palivan CG. Membrane protein channels equipped with a cleavable linker for inducing catalysis inside nanocompartments. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9012-9022. [PMID: 34623367 PMCID: PMC8580015 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01463c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Precisely timed initiation of reactions and stability of the catalysts are fundamental in catalysis. We introduce here an efficient closing-opening method for nanocompartments that contain sensitive catalysts and so achieve a controlled and extended catalytic activity. We developed a chemistry-oriented approach for modifying a pore-forming membrane protein which allows for a stimuli-responsive pore opening within the membrane of polymeric nanocompartments. We synthesized a diol-containing linker that selectively binds to the pores, blocking them completely. In the presence of an external stimulus (periodate), the linker is cleaved allowing the diffusion of substrate through the pores to the nanocompartment interior where it sets off the in situ enzymatic reaction. Besides the precise initiation of catalytic activity by opening of the pores, oxidation by periodate guarantees the cleavage of the linker under mild conditions. Accordingly, this kind of responsive nanocompartment lends itself to harboring a large variety of sensitive catalysts such as proteins and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zartner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Viviana Maffeis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, BPR1095, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cora-Ann Schoenenberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, BPR1095, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ionel Adrian Dinu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, BPR1095, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, BPR1095, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Lan B, Jin R, Liu G, Dong B, Zhou J, Xing D. Improving waste activated sludge dewaterability with sodium periodate pre-oxidation on extracellular polymeric substances. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1680-1689. [PMID: 33713351 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of sludge dewatering is affected by the structure and composition of hydrated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Degrading EPS can improve the sludge dewatering performance. As an oxidizing agent, sodium periodate (NaIO4 ) has ability to oxidize organics, which is expected to decompose the protein and polysaccharide in EPS and improve the efficiency of sludge dewaterability. This study adopted NaIO4 , for the first time, as an advanced oxidation agent to regulate EPS of waste activated sludge and was combined with anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) as a flocculant to subsequently enhance sludge dewatering. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimal conditions of pH, NaIO4 , and APAM. The results showed that the composite conditioner's specific resistance of filtration (SRF) and the water content of the vacuum-filtered cake (Wc) were highly enhanced compared with those of the raw sludge (RS) under pH 6.5, a NaIO4 concentration of 50 mg/g dry solids (DS), and an APAM concentration of 5 mg/g DS. Owing to the pre-oxidation achieved by NaIO4 under a mildly acid environment, sludge flocs were broken. Subsequently, chemical coagulation (APAM) agglomerated the smaller particles into larger flocs of sludge by adsorption and bridging, thus improving sludge dewaterability. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A novel conditioner, pH/NaIO4 /APAM, was explored for sludge dewatering. IO3 • and HO• oxidized extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Degradation of the protein content of EPS released bound water. Highly enhanced sludge dewaterability was achieved under optimal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Lan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Ruofei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Guangfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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26
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Meng L, Li W, Guo P, Wang S, Tong X. A novel selective oxidative cleavage of C C bond mediated by black nickel oxide in the presence of molecular oxygen. CATAL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2021.106305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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27
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Scinto SL, Bilodeau DA, Hincapie R, Lee W, Nguyen SS, Xu M, am Ende CW, Finn MG, Lang K, Lin Q, Pezacki JP, Prescher JA, Robillard MS, Fox JM. Bioorthogonal chemistry. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2021; 1:30. [PMID: 34585143 PMCID: PMC8469592 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry represents a class of high-yielding chemical reactions that proceed rapidly and selectively in biological environments without side reactions towards endogenous functional groups. Rooted in the principles of physical organic chemistry, bioorthogonal reactions are intrinsically selective transformations not commonly found in biology. Key reactions include native chemical ligation and the Staudinger ligation, copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, strain-promoted [3 + 2] reactions, tetrazine ligation, metal-catalysed coupling reactions, oxime and hydrazone ligations as well as photoinducible bioorthogonal reactions. Bioorthogonal chemistry has significant overlap with the broader field of 'click chemistry' - high-yielding reactions that are wide in scope and simple to perform, as recently exemplified by sulfuryl fluoride exchange chemistry. The underlying mechanisms of these transformations and their optimal conditions are described in this Primer, followed by discussion of how bioorthogonal chemistry has become essential to the fields of biomedical imaging, medicinal chemistry, protein synthesis, polymer science, materials science and surface science. The applications of bioorthogonal chemistry are diverse and include genetic code expansion and metabolic engineering, drug target identification, antibody-drug conjugation and drug delivery. This Primer describes standards for reproducibility and data deposition, outlines how current limitations are driving new research directions and discusses new opportunities for applying bioorthogonal chemistry to emerging problems in biology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L. Scinto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Didier A. Bilodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Robert Hincapie
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Wankyu Lee
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Sean S. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Minghao Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | | | - M. G. Finn
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathrin Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Paul Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Joseph M. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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28
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Danton F, Najjar R, Othman M, Lawson AM, Moncol J, Ghinet A, Rigo B, Oulyadi H, Daïch A. Site‐Selective Pd‐Catalysed Fujiwara‐Moritani type Reaction of
N,S
‐Heterocyclic Systems with Olefins. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Danton
- Normandie Univ UNILEHAVRE, CNRS, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre, France EA 3221 CNRS INC3M FR3030, UFS-ST 25 Rue Philippe Lebon, BP. 1123 76063 Le Havre Cedex France
| | - Riham Najjar
- Normandie Univ UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA 76000 Rouen France
| | - Mohamed Othman
- Normandie Univ UNILEHAVRE, CNRS, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre, France EA 3221 CNRS INC3M FR3030, UFS-ST 25 Rue Philippe Lebon, BP. 1123 76063 Le Havre Cedex France
| | - Ata Martin Lawson
- Normandie Univ UNILEHAVRE, CNRS, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre, France EA 3221 CNRS INC3M FR3030, UFS-ST 25 Rue Philippe Lebon, BP. 1123 76063 Le Havre Cedex France
| | - Ján Moncol
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical & Food Technology Slovak University of Technology Radlinského 9 SK-81237 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Alina Ghinet
- Yncréa Hauts-de-France Laboratory of Sustainable Chemistry and Health Health & Environment Department Team Sustainable Chemistry Ecole des Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), UCLille 13 rue de Toul F-59046 Lille France
- Univ. Lille, Inserm CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 – RID-AGE – Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement F-59000 Lille France
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry ‘Al. I. Cuza' University of Iasi Bd. Carol I nr. 11 700506 Iasi Romania
| | - Benoît Rigo
- Yncréa Hauts-de-France Laboratory of Sustainable Chemistry and Health Health & Environment Department Team Sustainable Chemistry Ecole des Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), UCLille 13 rue de Toul F-59046 Lille France
- Univ. Lille, Inserm CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 – RID-AGE – Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement F-59000 Lille France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Normandie Univ UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA 76000 Rouen France
| | - Adam Daïch
- Normandie Univ UNILEHAVRE, CNRS, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre, France EA 3221 CNRS INC3M FR3030, UFS-ST 25 Rue Philippe Lebon, BP. 1123 76063 Le Havre Cedex France
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Anselmi S, Liu S, Kim SH, Barry SM, Moody TS, Castagnolo D. A mild and chemoselective CALB biocatalysed synthesis of sulfoxides exploiting the dual role of AcOEt as solvent and reagent. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:156-161. [PMID: 33179689 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01966f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A mild, chemoselective and sustainable biocatalysed synthesis of sulfoxides has been developed exploiting CALB and using AcOEt with a dual role of more environmentally friendly reaction solvent and enzyme substrate. A series of sulfoxides, including the drug omeprazole, have been synthesised in high yields and with excellent E-factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Anselmi
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.
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30
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Zhu R, Zhou G, Teng JN, Li X, Fu Y. Metal-free Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of C-C Bonds in 1,2-Diols. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5248-5255. [PMID: 32702154 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of carbonyl compounds by the aerobic oxidative cleavage of C-C bonds in 1,2-diols under mild reaction conditions is a very significant reaction and is widely employed in various scenarios. Avoiding the use of harmful stoichiometric oxidants and adopting a greener chemical process remain a challenge for this reaction to date. In this manuscript, a heterogeneous metal-free photocatalytic strategy without any additive was developed for aerobic oxidative cleavage of C-C bonds in 1,2-diols at ambient conditions with visible light. The reaction mechanism was further studied through a series of control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In addition, the catalytic system showed a broad substrates scope, including aliphatic (linear or cyclic) 1,2-diols, benzylic, alkenyl 1,2-diols, and α-hydroxy acids (such as lactic acid). Thus, this strategy could serve as a method for the transformation of 1,2-diols to corresponding carbonyl compounds by the aerobic oxidative cleavage of C-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Gongyu Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Nan Teng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yao Fu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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31
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Song Y, Xiong F, Peng J, Fung YME, Huang Y, Li X. Introducing aldehyde functionality to proteins using ligand-directed affinity labeling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6134-6137. [PMID: 32364188 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01982h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde is a versatile chemical handle for protein modification. Although many methods have been developed to label proteins with aldehyde, target-specific methods amenable to endogenous proteins are limited. Here, we report a simple affinity probe strategy to introduce aldehydes to native proteins. Notably, the probe contains a latent aldehyde functionality that is only exposed upon target binding, thereby enabling a one-pot labeling procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Song
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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32
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Arndt S, Weis D, Donsbach K, Waldvogel SR. The "Green" Electrochemical Synthesis of Periodate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8036-8041. [PMID: 32181555 PMCID: PMC7317427 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High-grade periodate is relatively expensive, but is required for many sensitive applications such as the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. These high costs originate from using lead dioxide anodes in contemporary electrochemical methods and from expensive starting materials. A direct and cost-efficient electrochemical synthesis of periodate from iodide, which is less costly and relies on a readily available starting material, is reported. The oxidation is conducted at boron-doped diamond anodes, which are durable, metal-free, and nontoxic. The avoidance of lead dioxide ultimately lowers the cost of purification and quality assurance. The electrolytic process was optimized by statistical methods and was scaled up in an electrolysis flow cell that enhanced the space-time yields by a cyclization protocol. An LC-PDA analytical protocol was established enabling simple quantification of iodide, iodate, and periodate simultaneously with remarkable precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Arndt
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Weis
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kai Donsbach
- PharmaZell GmbH, Hochstrass-Süd 7, 83064, Raubling, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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33
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Arndt S, Weis D, Donsbach K, Waldvogel SR. Die “grüne” elektrochemische Synthese von Periodat. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Arndt
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Dominik Weis
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Kai Donsbach
- PharmaZell GmbH Hochstraß Süd 7 83064 Raubling Deutschland
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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34
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Kirihara M, Okada T, Asawa T, Sugiyama Y, Kimura Y. Organic Syntheses Using Sodium Hypochlorite Pentahydrate (NaOCl·5H<sub>2</sub>O) Crystals. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2020. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.78.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kirihara
- Department of Materials & Life Science, Shizuoka Institute of Science & Technology
| | - Tomohide Okada
- Market Development Department, Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd
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35
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Liu P, Pang B, Dechert S, Zhang XC, Andreas LB, Fischer S, Meyer F, Zhang K. Structure Selectivity of Alkaline Periodate Oxidation on Lignocellulose for Facile Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Liu
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry Georg-August-University of Göttingen 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Bo Pang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry Georg-August-University of Göttingen 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Georg-August-University of Göttingen 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Xizhou Cecily Zhang
- NMR-based Structural Biology Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Loren B Andreas
- NMR-based Structural Biology Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Steffen Fischer
- Institute of Wood and Plant Chemistry Dresden University of Technology 01307 Tharandt Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Georg-August-University of Göttingen 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry Georg-August-University of Göttingen 37077 Göttingen Germany
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36
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Liu P, Pang B, Dechert S, Zhang XC, Andreas LB, Fischer S, Meyer F, Zhang K. Structure Selectivity of Alkaline Periodate Oxidation on Lignocellulose for Facile Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:3218-3225. [PMID: 31692150 PMCID: PMC7027850 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Reported here for the first time is the alkaline periodate oxidation of lignocelluloses for the selective isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). With the high concentrations as a potassium salt at pH 10, periodate ions predominantly exist as dimeric orthoperiodate ions (H2I2O104−). With reduced oxidizing activity in alkaline solutions, dimeric orthoperiodate ions preferentially oxidized non‐ordered cellulose regions. The alkaline surroundings promoted the degradation of these oxidized cellulose chains by β‐alkoxy fragmentation and generated CNCs. The obtained CNCs were uniform in size and generally contained carboxy groups. Furthermore, the reaction solution could be reused after regeneration of the periodate with ozone gas. This method allows direct production of CNCs from diverse sources, in particular lignocellulosic raw materials including sawdust (European beech and Scots pine), flax, and kenaf, in addition to microcrystalline cellulose and pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Liu
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bo Pang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xizhou Cecily Zhang
- NMR-based Structural Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Loren B Andreas
- NMR-based Structural Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Fischer
- Institute of Wood and Plant Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, 01307, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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37
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Mecozzi F, Dong JJ, Angelone D, Browne WR, Eisink NNHM. Oxidative Cleavage of Alkene C=C Bonds Using a Manganese Catalyzed Oxidation with H 2O 2 Combined with Periodate Oxidation. European J Org Chem 2019; 2019:7151-7158. [PMID: 31866758 PMCID: PMC6899713 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A one‐pot multi‐step method for the oxidative cleavage of alkenes to aldehydes/ketones under ambient conditions is described as an alternative to ozonolysis. The first step is a highly efficient manganese catalyzed epoxidation/cis‐dihydroxylation of alkenes. This step is followed by an Fe(III) assisted ring opening of the epoxide (where necessary) to a 1,2‐diol. Carbon–carbon bond cleavage is achieved by treatment of the diol with sodium periodate. The conditions used in each step are not only compatible with the subsequent step(s), but also provide for increased conversion compared to the equivalent reactions carried out on the isolated intermediate compounds. The described procedure allows for carbon–carbon bond cleavage in the presence of other alkenes, oxidation sensitive moieties and other functional groups; the mild conditions (r.t.) used in all three steps make this a viable general alternative to ozonolysis and especially for use under flow or continuous batch conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mecozzi
- Molecular Inorganic ChemistryStratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jia Jia Dong
- Molecular Inorganic ChemistryStratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Davide Angelone
- Molecular Inorganic ChemistryStratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wesley R. Browne
- Molecular Inorganic ChemistryStratingh Institute for ChemistryFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Niek N. H. M. Eisink
- USSEFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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38
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Characterization of human norovirus binding to gut-associated bacterial ligands. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:607. [PMID: 31547886 PMCID: PMC6755701 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Research suggests human norovirus binding to histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-like molecules on enteric bacteria may enhance viral pathogenesis; however, the properties of these bacterial ligands are not well known. Previous work identified, but did not characterize, seven norovirus-binding bacteria. To further examine this bacteria–virus binding interaction, enteric bacteria were analyzed via Western blot with anti-HBGA antibodies and lectins targeting HBGA-associated sugar components. Virus overlay assays using capsids from six different human norovirus strains further identified responsible ligands and strain dependent binding properties. Results Each bacterial species possessed varying degrees of HBGA-like activity, and lectin binding further elucidated potential sugar residues involved (N-acetyl-galactosamine, α-d-galactose or α-l-fucose). Both GI and GII norovirus capsids bound specific bacterial ligand sizes, and generally corresponded to anti-HBGA Western blot patterns. A 35-kDa band reacted with all HBGA antibodies, bound all six of the noroviruses tested, and had a high affinity for the lectins. Collectively, this work characterizes the varying carbohydrate residues potentially responsible for norovirus–bacteria interactions and provides a basis for future ligand identification.
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39
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Kirihara M, Osugi R, Saito K, Adachi K, Yamazaki K, Matsushima R, Kimura Y. Sodium Hypochlorite Pentahydrate as a Reagent for the Cleavage of trans-Cyclic Glycols. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8330-8336. [PMID: 31117583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate (NaOCl·5H2O) can be used toward the efficient glycol cleavage of trans-cyclic glycols, which are generally resistant to this transformation. Interestingly, the reaction of cis-cyclic glycols with NaOCl·5H2O is slower than that observed for the corresponding trans-isomer. This trans selectivity is in sharp contrast to traditional oxidants used for glycol cleavage. Acyclic glycols can also react efficiently with NaOCl·5H2O to form their corresponding carbonyl compounds in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Kirihara
- Department of Materials and Life Science , Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , 2200-2 Toyosawa , Fukuroi , Shizuoka 437-8555 , Japan
| | - Rie Osugi
- Department of Materials and Life Science , Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , 2200-2 Toyosawa , Fukuroi , Shizuoka 437-8555 , Japan
| | - Katsuya Saito
- Department of Materials and Life Science , Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , 2200-2 Toyosawa , Fukuroi , Shizuoka 437-8555 , Japan
| | - Kouta Adachi
- Department of Materials and Life Science , Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , 2200-2 Toyosawa , Fukuroi , Shizuoka 437-8555 , Japan
| | - Kento Yamazaki
- Department of Materials and Life Science , Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , 2200-2 Toyosawa , Fukuroi , Shizuoka 437-8555 , Japan
| | - Ryoji Matsushima
- Department of Materials and Life Science , Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology , 2200-2 Toyosawa , Fukuroi , Shizuoka 437-8555 , Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kimura
- Research and Development Department , Iharanikkei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. , Kambara , Shimizu-ku , Shizuoka 421-3203 , Japan
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40
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Bhaumik I, Pal K, Debnath U, Karmakar P, Jana K, Misra AK. Natural product inspired allicin analogs as novel anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:259-272. [PMID: 30731359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel analogs of Allicin (S-allyl prop-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate) present in garlic has been synthesized in high yield. Synthesized 23 compounds were evaluated against different breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7) and non-cancer cells (WI38). Four compounds (3f, 3h, 3m and 3u) showed significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells whereas nontoxic to the normal cells. Based on the LD50 values and selectivity index (SI), compound 3h (S-p-methoxybenzyl (p-methoxyphenyl)methanesulfinothioate) was considered as most promising anticancer agent amongst the above three compounds. Further bio-chemical studies confirmed that compound 3h promotes ROS generation, changes in mitochondrial permeability transition and induced caspase mediated DNA damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bhaumik
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Kunal Pal
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Utsab Debnath
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Anup Kumar Misra
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India.
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41
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Almeida RG, de Carvalho RL, Nunes MP, Gomes RS, Pedrosa LF, de Simone CA, Gopi E, Geertsen V, Gravel E, Doris E, da Silva Júnior EN. Carbon nanotube–ruthenium hybrid towards mild oxidation of sulfides to sulfones: efficient synthesis of diverse sulfonyl compounds. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes were used in the mild oxidation of sulfides to sulfones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata G. Almeida
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Renato L. de Carvalho
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Mateus P. Nunes
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Roberto S. Gomes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
- USA
| | | | | | - Elumalai Gopi
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM) CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | | | - Edmond Gravel
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM) CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - Eric Doris
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM) CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
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Sakamoto S, Yusakul G, Tsuneura Y, Putalun W, Usui K, Miyamoto T, Tanaka H, Morimoto S. Sodium periodate-mediated conjugation of harringtonine enabling the production of a highly specific monoclonal antibody, and the development of a sensitive quantitative analysis method. Analyst 2018; 142:1140-1148. [PMID: 28304015 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02751b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Harringtonine (HT) is a promising natural product that is mainly isolated from plants of the genus Cephalotaxus. Due to its remarkable antileukemic activities, HT has been utilized clinically in China for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). No antibody that recognizes free HT has been reported to date due to the difficulty of preparing antigen conjugates in which haptens bind to a carrier protein. To overcome this difficulty, we focused on sodium periodate (NaIO4), which catalyzes unique oxidative reactions; the resulting conjugates enabled the production of a highly specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) against HT (MAb 1D2) and the establishment of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) for the determination of HT. Further analysis revealed that MAb 1D2 was produced by the HT3 (8-carbonyl HT)-based conjugate antigen; HT3 was synthesized by a NaIO4-mediated oxidative reaction. The minimum detectable concentration for HT in the icELISA system was found to be 0.76 ng mL-1, which is approximately 13 to 160 times more sensitive than a conventional HPLC system. Several validation analyses revealed that the icELISA using MAb 1D2 is sufficiently accurate, reliable, and sensitive to assess small amounts of HT in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yumi Tsuneura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kazuteru Usui
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Tomofumi Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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43
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Dereven’kov IA, Shpagilev NI, Makarov SV. Mechanism of the Reaction between Cobalamin(II) and Periodate. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024418110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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45
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Muthumari S, Ramesh R. Synthesis and Structure of Ru(II) Complexes of Thiosemicarbazone: Highly Selective Catalysts for Oxidative Scission of Olefins to Aldehydes. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Muthumari
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Bharathidasan University; Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rengan Ramesh
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Bharathidasan University; Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu India
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46
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Barrientos RC, Zhang Q. Isobaric Labeling of Intact Gangliosides toward Multiplexed LC-MS/MS-Based Quantitative Analysis. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2578-2586. [PMID: 29384363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids recognized to play essential role in biological processes. Both the glycan and lipid structures influence their biological function and thus necessitate their determination as intact molecular species. To our knowledge, no multiplexed method for intact gangliosides currently exists. In this paper, we aimed to demonstrate an approach for isobaric labeling of intact gangliosides. Specifically, we carried out the rapid, chemoselective oxidation of sialic acid side chain in common ganglioside core structures using NaIO4 followed by ligation with a carbonyl-reactive isobaric tandem mass tag (TMT) reagent and subsequent RPLC-MS/MS analysis. Attachment of the isobaric label was observed to improve the ionization efficiency of complex gangliosides using electrospray ionization. Fragmentation of the resulting [M + 2H]2+ ions of TMT-labeled gangliosides provided information-rich spectra containing fragments from the glycan, lipid, and TMT reporter ions. This facile approach enabled simultaneous quantification of up to six samples as well as identification of glycan and lipid compositions in a single injection. As a proof-of-concept, using porcine brain total ganglioside extracts pooled at known ratios, we obtained overall sample-to-sample precision of <12% RSD and mean error of <10%. This showcased the great promise and feasibility of this strategy for high-throughput analysis of intact gangliosides in biological extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodell C Barrientos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States.,UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, NC Research Campus , Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Qibin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States.,UNCG Center for Translational Biomedical Research, NC Research Campus , Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
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47
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Sakamoto S, Miyamoto T, Usui K, Tanaka H, Morimoto S. Sodium-Periodate-Mediated Harringtonine Derivatives and Their Antiproliferative Activity against HL-60 Acute Leukemia Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:34-40. [PMID: 29286665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Harringtonine (HT) is a naturally occurring alkaloid isolated from the plant genus Cephalotaxus. It possesses antileukemic activity and has been clinically utilized for the treatment of acute leukemia and lymphoma. Sodium periodate (NaIO4) was reacted with HT to produce five HT derivatives including four novel compounds. Their antiproliferative activity against HL-60 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells revealed that the presence of the C-5' methyl group enhances the antiproliferative activity because the IC50 values of the HT derivatives, including HT1 (5'-de-O-methylharringtonine), were at least 2000 times higher (>100 μM) than that of HT (∼47 nM). In addition, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) using a monoclonal antibody against HT (mAb 1D2) revealed that these antiproliferative activities were related to their cellular uptake. These results indicated that esterification of HT1 at the C-4' carboxylic acid group may enhance the antiproliferative activity of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuteru Usui
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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48
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Galletti P, Martelli G, Prandini G, Colucci C, Giacomini D. Sodium periodate/TEMPO as a selective and efficient system for amine oxidation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:9723-9730. [PMID: 35540807 PMCID: PMC9078700 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A new metal-free protocol for promoting oxidation of amines in aqueous-organic medium was developed. NaIO4 and TEMPO as the catalyst emerged as the most efficient and selective system for oxidation of differently substituted benzyl amines to the corresponding benzaldehydes without overoxidation. Unsymmetrical secondary amines underwent selective oxidation only at the benzylic position thus realising an oxidative deprotection of a benzylic group with an easy amine recovery. NaIO4/TEMPO efficiently allowed a metal-free oxidation of benzylamines to benzaldehydes with complete selectivity for N-benzyl residues in secondary amines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Galletti
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” University of Bologna
- Bologna 40126
- Italy
| | - G. Martelli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” University of Bologna
- Bologna 40126
- Italy
| | - G. Prandini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” University of Bologna
- Bologna 40126
- Italy
| | - C. Colucci
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” University of Bologna
- Bologna 40126
- Italy
| | - D. Giacomini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician” University of Bologna
- Bologna 40126
- Italy
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49
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Valkai L, Peintler G, Horváth AK. Clarifying the Equilibrium Speciation of Periodate Ions in Aqueous Medium. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11417-11425. [PMID: 28858495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Equilibria of periodate ion were reinvestigated in aqueous solution by using potentiometric titration, UV and Raman spectroscopies, and gravimetry simultaneously at 0.5 M ionic strength and at 25.0 ± 0.2 °C. Stepwise acid dissociation constants of orthoperiodic acid were found to be pK1 = 0.98 ± 0.18, pK2 = 7.42 ± 0.03, and pK3 = 10.99 ± 0.02, as well as pK2 = 7.55 ± 0.04 and pK3 = 11.25 ± 0.03 in the presence of sodium nitrate and sodium perchlorate as background salts, respectively. pK1 cannot be determined unambiguously from our experiments in the presence of sodium perchlorate. The molar absorptivity spectrum of H4IO6- and H3IO62- was determined in the range of 215-335 nm, as major species of periodate present from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline conditions. The solubility of periodate decreases significantly under alkaline conditions, and it was determined to be (2.8 ± 0.4) mM by gravimetry, under our experimental conditions. None of these studies gave any clear evidence for an ortho-meta equilibrium and the frequently invoked dimerization of periodate. All measurements can quantitatively be described by the presence of orthoperiodic acid and its three successive deprotonation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Valkai
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Peintler
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Physical Chemistry and Material Sciences, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila K Horváth
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
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50
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Abstract
The formation of oximes and hydrazones is employed in numerous scientific fields as a simple and versatile conjugation strategy. This imine-forming reaction is applied in fields as diverse as polymer chemistry, biomaterials and hydrogels, dynamic combinatorial chemistry, organic synthesis, and chemical biology. Here we outline chemical developments in this field, with special focus on the past ∼10 years of developments. Recent strategies for installing reactive carbonyl groups and α-nucleophiles into biomolecules are described. The basic chemical properties of reactants and products in this reaction are then reviewed, with an eye to understanding the reaction's mechanism and how reactant structure controls rates and equilibria in the process. Recent work that has uncovered structural features and new mechanisms for speeding the reaction, sometimes by orders of magnitude, is discussed. We describe recent studies that have identified especially fast reacting aldehyde/ketone substrates and structural effects that lead to rapid-reacting α-nucleophiles as well. Among the most effective new strategies has been the development of substituents near the reactive aldehyde group that either transfer protons at the transition state or trap the initially formed tetrahedral intermediates. In addition, the recent development of efficient nucleophilic catalysts for the reaction is outlined, improving greatly upon aniline, the classical catalyst for imine formation. A number of uses of such second- and third-generation catalysts in bioconjugation and in cellular applications are highlighted. While formation of hydrazone and oxime has been traditionally regarded as being limited by slow rates, developments in the past 5 years have resulted in completely overturning this limitation; indeed, the reaction is now one of the fastest and most versatile reactions available for conjugations of biomolecules and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik K Kölmel
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Eric T Kool
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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