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Ma M, Kwon Y. Simultaneous Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties, Performance and Insensitivity of an Energetic Elastomeric Polyurethane Binder by Kinetically Grafting Reactive Spiranes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4564. [PMID: 38231984 PMCID: PMC10708326 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of robust energetic polyurethane binders was developed by in situ grafting reactive spiranes to achieve the migration-resistant processing aid and compensate for the energy output. The reactive grafting spiranes (RGSs), bearing two highly ring-strained spiranes, were synthesized sequentially to provide a promising ring strain energy up to a maximum value of 290 kJ mol-1. The thermodynamic compatibility of the RGS with uncured glycidyl azido polymer (GAP) was studied quantitatively by analyzing the glass transition temperature of their blendings. The reactivity study of the catalyst-free click reaction with respect to spacer-dependent species was amplified by tracing the extent of the reaction and measuring the activation energy. The faster reactivity of propargyl species was evident from two experimental approaches, which were verified further by theoretical predictions. Interestingly, the energy gap difference in the frontier molecular orbitals agreed well with the difference in activation energy between the two types of spacer-dependent species. The mechanical and thermochemical enhancements of GAP-based polyurethane with RGS were basically gained from those highly ring-strained moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China;
| | - Younghwan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Republic of Korea
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2
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Min B, Lee J, Kim SJ, Shim HM. Propiolate‐Terminated Polybutadiene‐Based Network Binders for Solid Propellants via Catalyst‐Free Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202200162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ByoungSun Min
- Agency for Defense Development KOREA (THE REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Agency for Defense Development KOREA (THE REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Sung June Kim
- Agency for Defense Development KOREA (THE REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Hong-Min Shim
- Agency for Defense Development KOREA (THE REPUBLIC OF)
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3
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Li P, Wang X. Study on Nitrile Oxide for Low-Temperature Curing of Liquid Polybutadiene. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093396. [PMID: 35591729 PMCID: PMC9101573 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
As a significant component of composite solid propellants, the cross-link alkenyl polymers need to cure at high temperatures and the current isocyanate curing systems are highly humidity sensitive. This paper presented a low-temperature curing method for a cross-linked polymer (polybutadiene) with stable wettability by using cycloaddition of the nitrile oxide of tetramethyl-terephthalobisnitrile oxide (TTNO) and the C=C group of liquid polybutadiene (PB). The TTNO was synthesized in four steps from 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene and evaluated as a low-temperature hardener for curing liquid PB. To characterize the reaction ability of TTNO at 25 °C, the cross-linked rubber materials of various contents (8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%) of curing agent TTNO were prepared. The feasibility of the curing method can be proved by the disappearance of the absorption peak of the nitrile oxide group (2300 cm−1) by FT-IR analysis. Contact angle, TG-DTA and tensile-test experiments were conducted to characterize the wettability, thermo-stability and mechanical properties of the obtained cross-linked rubber materials, respectively. The results showed that the curing agent TTNO could cure PB at room temperature. With the growing content of the curing agent TTNO, the tensile strength of the obtained cross-linked rubber material increased by 260% and the contact angle increased from 75.29° to 89.44°. Moreover, the thermo-stability performances of the cross-linked rubber materials have proved to be very stable, even at a temperature of 300 °C, by TGA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
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4
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Lei D, Fu YZ, Hu W, Li D, He Y, Gan LH, Gan L, Huang J. Molecular dynamics research on interfacial reinforcement between ε-CL-20 and polymeric bonding agents for humidity-insensitive solid propellant systems. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Sykam K, Harika P, Donempudi S. Flame‐retardant, phosphorous‐based polyurethane triazoles via
solvent‐free
and
catalyst‐free azide–alkyne
cycloaddition and their cure kinetics. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kesavarao Sykam
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) New Delhi India
| | - Pothireddy Harika
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India
| | - Shailaja Donempudi
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) New Delhi India
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6
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Plumet J. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Nitrile Oxides under "Non-Conventional" Conditions: Green Solvents, Irradiation, and Continuous Flow. Chempluschem 2021; 85:2252-2271. [PMID: 33044044 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions (DCs) of nitrile oxides (NOs) to alkenes and alkynes are useful methods for the synthesis of 2-isoxazolines and isoxazoles respectively, which are important classes of heterocyclic compounds in organic and medicinal chemistry. Most of these reactions are carried out in organic solvents and under thermal activation. Nevertheless the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2 ) and ionic liquids (Ils) as alternative solvents and the application of microwave (MW) and ultrasound (US) as alternative activation procedures have evident advantages from the "Green Chemistry" point of view. The critical discussion on the applications of these "unconventional" activation methods and reaction conditions in the 1,3-DCs of NOs is the objective of the present Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Plumet
- Department of Organic Chemistry. Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Bartlett ME, Shuler SA, Rose DJ, Gilbert LM, Hegab RA, Lawton TJ, Messersmith RE. Paintable proteins: biofunctional coatings via covalent incorporation of proteins into a polymer network. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04687j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Attaching proteins to surfaces while maintaining bioactivity is a promising avenue for developing new functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairead E. Bartlett
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | - Scott A. Shuler
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | - Daniel J. Rose
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | - Lindsey M. Gilbert
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | - Rachel A. Hegab
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | - Thomas J. Lawton
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | - Reid E. Messersmith
- Research and Exploratory Development Department, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
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8
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Li N, Zhao F, An T, Yang Y, Li H, Zhang J, Zhang M. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Curing Reaction Between Azide Binder ATP and Bispropargyl Succinate. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.201900302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
| | - Fengqi Zhao
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
| | - Ting An
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
| | - Jiankan Zhang
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Propellant and Explosion Combustion Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 P.R. China
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Ma M, Shen Y, Kwon Y. Fabrication of polyurethane binders grafted with functional reactive plasticizers by a catalyst‐free click reaction. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Ma
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and DevicesEast China University of Technology Nanchang 330013 China
| | - Yechen Shen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDaegu University Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712‐714 Korea
| | - Younghwan Kwon
- Department of Chemical EngineeringDaegu University Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 712‐714 Korea
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10
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Ma M, Kwon Y. Preparation of energetic polyurethane binders with enhanced properties by nonmigratory reactive monocyclic plasticizers. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Min BS, Go C, Kim SJ, Shim HM. In‐situ Robust Polymeric Networks Prepared via Facile Uncatalyzed Huisgen Cycloaddition of Alkyne‐terminated Polyurethane with Terminal Azides. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.201800292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung S. Min
- Agency for Defense DevelopmentRocket Propulsion Directorate Yuseong P.O.BOX 35 Daejeon 34186 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheongah Go
- Agency for Defense DevelopmentRocket Propulsion Directorate Yuseong P.O.BOX 35 Daejeon 34186 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung J. Kim
- Agency for Defense DevelopmentRocket Propulsion Directorate Yuseong P.O.BOX 35 Daejeon 34186 Republic of Korea
| | - Hong M. Shim
- Agency for Defense DevelopmentRocket Propulsion Directorate Yuseong P.O.BOX 35 Daejeon 34186 Republic of Korea
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12
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Ma M, Kwon Y. Reactive Energetic Plasticizers Utilizing Cu-Free Azide-Alkyne 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition for In-Situ Preparation of Poly(THF- co-GAP)-Based Polyurethane Energetic Binders. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10050516. [PMID: 30966550 PMCID: PMC6415412 DOI: 10.3390/polym10050516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive energetic plasticizers (REPs) coupled with hydroxy-telechelic poly(glycidyl azide-co-tetrahydrofuran) (PGT)-based energetic polyurethane (PU) binders for use in solid propellants and plastic-bonded explosives (PBXs) were investigated. The generation of gem-dinitro REPs along with a terminal alkyne stemmed from a series of finely designed approaches to not only satisfy common demands as conventional energetic plasticizers, but also to prevent the migration of plasticizers. The miscibility and rheological behavior of a binary mixture of PGT/REP with various REP fractions were quantitatively determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheometer, respectively, highlighting the promising performance of REPs in the formulation process. The kinetics on the distinct reactivity of propargyl vs. 3-butynyl species of REPs towards the azide group of the PGT prepolymer in terms of Cu-free azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (1,3-DPCA) was studied by monitoring ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and analyzing the activation energies (Ea) obtained using DSC. The thermal stability of the finally cured energetic binders with the incorporation of REPs indicated that the thermal stability of the REP/PGT-based PUs was maintained independently of the REP content. The tensile strength and modulus of the PUs increased with an increase in the REP content. In addition, the energetic performance and sensitivity of REP and REP triazole species was predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Ma
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Younghwan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Korea.
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Ma M, Kwon Y. Reactive cycloalkane plasticizers covalently linked to energetic polyurethane binders via facile control of an in situ Cu-free azide–alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00969d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic performance of a spacer-controlled Huisgen azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction for alkyne-bearing reactive cycloalkane plasticizers is explored in combination with the computational protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Ma
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- China
| | - Younghwan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Daegu University
- Gyeongsan
- Korea
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14
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Kaur T, Wadhwa P, Bagchi S, Sharma A. Isocyanide based [4+1] cycloaddition reactions: an indispensable tool in multi-component reactions (MCRs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6958-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The advent of cycloaddition reactions in the synthesis of heterocycles and their ever burgeoning applications in the fields of materials chemistry, catalysis and drugs have been a profound scientific development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Preeti Wadhwa
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Sourav Bagchi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
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