1
|
De Bon F, Fantin M, Pereira VA, Lourenço Bernardino TJ, Serra AC, Matyjaszewski K, Coelho JFJ. Electrochemically Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Driven by Alternating Current. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406484. [PMID: 38647172 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Alternating current (AC) and pulsed electrolysis are gaining traction in electro(organic) synthesis due to their advantageous characteristics. We employed AC electrolysis in electrochemically mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (eATRP) to facilitate the regeneration of the activator CuI complex on Cu0 electrodes. Additionally, Cu0 served as a slow supplemental activator and reducing agent (SARA ATRP), enabling the activation of alkyl halides and the regeneration of the CuI activator through a comproportionation reaction. We harnessed the distinct properties of Cu0 dual regeneration, both chemical and electrochemical, by employing sinusoidal, triangular, and square-wave AC electrolysis alongside some of the most active ATRP catalysts available. Compared to linear waveform (DC electrolysis) or SARA ATRP (without electrolysis), pulsed and AC electrolysis facilitated slightly faster and more controlled polymerizations of acrylates. The same AC electrolysis conditions could successfully polymerize eleven different monomers across different mediums, from water to bulk. Moreover, it proved effective across a spectrum of catalyst activity, from low-activity Cu/2,2-bipyridine to highly active Cu complexes with substituted tripodal amine ligands. Chain extension experiments confirmed the high chain-end fidelity of the produced polymers, yielding functional and high molecular-weight block copolymers. SEM analysis indicated the robustness of the Cu0 electrodes, sustaining at least 15 consecutive polymerizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Bon
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Vanessa A Pereira
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa J Lourenço Bernardino
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Armenio C Serra
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jorge F J Coelho
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
- IPN, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Associação para a Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Ciência e Tecnologia, Rua Pedro Nunes, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao X, Vishnu JA, Lupfer C, Hoenders D, Skarsetz O, Chen W, Dattler D, Perrot A, Wang WZ, Gao C, Giuseppone N, Schmid F, Walther A. Scalable Approach to Molecular Motor-Polymer Conjugates for Light-Driven Artificial Muscles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403514. [PMID: 38613525 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The integration of molecular machines and motors into materials represents a promising avenue for creating dynamic and functional molecular systems, with potential applications in soft robotics or reconfigurable biomaterials. However, the development of truly scalable and controllable approaches for incorporating molecular motors into polymeric matrices has remained a challenge. Here, it is shown that light-driven molecular motors with sensitive photo-isomerizable double bonds can be converted into initiators for Cu-mediated controlled/living radical polymerization enabling the synthesis of star-shaped motor-polymer conjugates. This approach enables scalability, precise control over the molecular structure, block copolymer structures, and high-end group fidelity. Moreover, it is demonstrated that these materials can be crosslinked to form gels with quasi-ideal network topology, exhibiting light-triggered contraction. The influence of arm length and polymer structure is investigated, and the first molecular dynamics simulation framework to gain deeper insights into the contraction processes is developed. Leveraging this scalable methodology, the creation of bilayer soft robotic devices and cargo-lifting artificial muscles is showcased, highlighting the versatility and potential applications of this advanced polymer chemistry approach. It is anticipated that the integrated experimental and simulation framework will accelerate scalable approaches for active polymer materials based on molecular machines, opening up new horizons in materials science and bioscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Yao
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jude Ann Vishnu
- KOMET 1, Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, D 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudius Lupfer
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoenders
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Skarsetz
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Weixiang Chen
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Wen-Zhi Wang
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Chuan Gao
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron - CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, 75005, France
| | - Friederike Schmid
- KOMET 1, Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, D 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Freiburg, Germany
- Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Křivánková N, Kaya K, van der Wijngaart W, Edlund U. Copper-mediated synthesis of temperature-responsive poly( N-acryloyl glycinamide) polymers: a step towards greener and simple polymerisation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29099-29108. [PMID: 37800134 PMCID: PMC10548432 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials with reversible supramolecular networks controlled by a change in temperature are of interest in medicine, biomedicine and analytical chemistry. For these materials to become more impactful, the development of greener synthetic practices with more sustainable solvents, lower energy consumption and a reduction in metallic catalysts is needed. In this work, we investigate the polymerisation of N-acryloyl glycinamide monomer by single-electron transfer reversible-deactivation radical polymerisation and its effect on the cloud point of the resulting PNAGA polymers. We accomplished 80% conversion within 5 min in water media using a copper wire catalyst. The material exhibited a sharp upper critical solution temperature (UCST) phase transition (10-80% transition within 6 K). These results indicate that UCST-exhibiting PNAGA can be synthesized at ambient temperatures and under non-inert conditions, eliminating the cost- and energy-consuming deoxygenation step. The choice of copper wire as the catalyst allows the possibility of catalyst recycling. Furthermore, we show that the reaction is feasible in a simple vial which would facilitate upscaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Křivánková
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Intelligent Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Wouter van der Wijngaart
- Intelligent Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- Digital Futures, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Parkatzidis K, de Haro Amez L, Truong NP, Anastasaki A. Cu(0)-RDRP of acrylates using an alkyl iodide initiator. Polym Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01563c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
In the vast majority of atom transfer radical polymerizations, alkyl bromides or alkyl chlorides are commonly employed as initiators. Herein, alkyl iodides are demonstrated as ATRP initiators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo de Haro Amez
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P. Truong
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scaling-Up an Aqueous Self-Degassing Electrochemically Mediated ATRP in Dispersion for the Preparation of Cellulose-Polymer Composites and Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224981. [PMID: 36433108 PMCID: PMC9692721 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP) is developed in dispersion conditions to assist the preparation of cellulose-based films. Self-degassing conditions are achieved by the addition of sodium pyruvate (SP) as a ROS scavenger, while an aluminum counter electrode provides a simplified and more cost-effective electrochemical setup. Different polyacrylamides were grown on a model cellulose substrate which was previously esterified with 2-bromoisobutyrate (-BriB), serving as initiator groups. Small-scale polymerizations (15 mL) provided optimized conditions to pursue the scale-up up to 1000 mL (scale-up factor ~67). Cellulose-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) was then chosen to prepare the tunable, thermoresponsive, solvent-free, and flexible films through a dissolution/regeneration method. The produced films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen TPT, Barroca-Aubry N, Aymes-Chodur C, Dragoe D, Pembouong G, Roger P. Copolymers Derived from Two Active Esters: Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Properties, and Reactivity in Post-Modification. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206827. [PMID: 36296419 PMCID: PMC9607591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copolymers with two distinguished reactive repeating units are of great interest, as such copolymers might open the possibility of obtaining selective and/or consequent copolymers with different chemical structures and properties. In the present work, copolymers based on two active esters (pentafluorophenyl methacrylate and p-nitrophenyl methacrylate) with varied compositions were synthesized by Cu(0)-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization. This polymerization technique allows the preparation of copolymers with high to quantitative conversion of both comonomers, with moderate control over dispersity (Đ = 1.3–1.7). Additionally, by in-depth study on the composition of each copolymer by various techniques including elemental analysis, NMR, FT-IR, and XPS, it was possible to confirm the coherence between expected and obtained composition. Thermal analyses by DSC and TGA were implemented to investigate the relation between copolymers’ composition and their thermal properties. Finally, an evaluation of the difference in reactivity of the two monomer moieties was confirmed by post-modification of copolymers with a primary amine and a primary alcohol as the model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Phuong Thu Nguyen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nadine Barroca-Aubry
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Caroline Aymes-Chodur
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Diana Dragoe
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gaëlle Pembouong
- Equipe Chimie des Polymères, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Roger
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pelras T, Hofman AH, Germain LMH, Maan AMC, Loos K, Kamperman M. Strong Anionic/Charge-Neutral Block Copolymers from Cu(0)-Mediated Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2022; 55:8795-8807. [PMID: 36245548 PMCID: PMC9558488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Despite recent developments in controlled polymerization
techniques,
the straightforward synthesis of block copolymers that feature both
strong anionic and charge-neutral segments remains a difficult endeavor.
In particular, solubility issues may arise during the direct synthesis
of strong amphiphiles and typical postpolymerization deprotection
often requires harsh conditions. To overcome these challenges, we
employed Cu(0)-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization
(Cu(0)-RDRP) on a hydrophobic isobutoxy-protected 3-sulfopropyl acrylate.
Cu(0)-RDRP enables the rapid synthesis of the polymer, reaching high
conversions and low dispersities while using a single solvent system
and low amounts of copper species. These macromolecules are straightforward
to characterize and can subsequently be deprotected in a mild yet
highly efficient fashion to expose their strongly charged nature.
Furthermore, a protected sulfonate segment could be grown from a variety
of charge-neutral macroinitiators to produce, after the use of the
same deprotection chemistry, a library of amphiphilic, double-hydrophilic
as well as thermoresponsive block copolymers (BCPs). The ability of
these various BCPs to self-assemble in aqueous media was further studied
by dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential measurements as well
as atomic force and electron microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Théophile Pelras
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anton H. Hofman
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke M. H. Germain
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M. C. Maan
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Farh MK, Gruschwitz FV, Ziegenbalg N, Abul-Futouh H, Görls H, Weigand W, Brendel JC. Dual Function of β-hydroxy Dithiocinnamic Esters: RAFT Agent and Ligand for Metal Complexation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200428. [PMID: 35751415 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) process has become a versatile tool for the preparation of defined polymers tolerating a large variety of functional groups. Several dithioesters, trithiocarbonates, xanthates, or dithiocarbamates have been developed as effective chain transfer agents (CTA), but only few examples have been reported, where the resulting end groups are directly considered for a secondary use besides controlling the polymerization. We here demonstrate that β-hydroxy dithiocinnamic esters represent a hitherto overlooked class of materials, which were originally designed for the complexation of transition metals but might as well act as reversible CTA. Modified with a suitable leaving group (R-group), these vinyl conjugated dithioesters indeed provide reasonable control over the polymerization of acrylates, acrylamides, or styrene via the RAFT process. Kinetic studies revealed linear evolutions of molar mass with conversion, while different substituents on the aromatic unit had only a minor influence. Block extensions prove the livingness of the polymer chains, although extended polymerization times may lead to side reactions. The resulting dithiocinnamic ester end groups are still able to form complexes with platinum, which verifies that the structural integrity of the end group is maintained. These findings open a versatile new route to tailor-made polymer bound metal complexes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micheal K Farh
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Franka V Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Ziegenbalg
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Hassan Abul-Futouh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Helmar Görls
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
De Bon F, Lorandi F, Coelho JFJ, Serra AC, Matyjaszewski K, Isse AA. Dual electrochemical and chemical control in atom transfer radical polymerization with copper electrodes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6008-6018. [PMID: 35685801 PMCID: PMC9132085 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01982e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP), Cu0 acts as a supplemental activator and reducing agent (SARA ATRP) by activating alkyl halides and (re)generating the CuI activator through a comproportionation reaction, respectively. Cu0 is also an unexplored, exciting metal that can act as a cathode in electrochemically mediated ATRP (eATRP). Contrary to conventional inert electrodes, a Cu cathode can trigger a dual catalyst regeneration, simultaneously driven by electrochemistry and comproportionation, if a free ligand is present in solution. The dual regeneration explored herein allowed for introducing the concept of pulsed galvanostatic electrolysis (PGE) in eATRP. During a PGE, the process alternates between a period of constant current electrolysis and a period with no applied current in which polymerization continues via SARA ATRP. The introduction of no electrolysis periods without compromising the overall polymerization rate and control is very attractive, if large current densities are needed. Moreover, it permits a drastic charge saving, which is of unique value for a future scale-up, as electrochemistry coupled to SARA ATRP saves energy, and shortens the equipment usage. The use of a Cu cathode in eATRP allows exploiting the synergistic effect between electrochemical and chemical stimuli to halt or accelerate polymerizations, reduce energy consumption and achieve control in challenging systems.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Bon
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 I-35131 Padova Italy .,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Ave 15213 Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Jorge F J Coelho
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Armenio C Serra
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Abdirisak A Isse
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 I-35131 Padova Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wei Z, Chen D, Zhang X, Wang L, Yang W. Precise Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Polyacrylates by Cu(0)-Catalyzed SET-LRP with Macromolecular Structure-Correlated Emission. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Syntheses and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma Q, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Lin J, Graff B, Hu S, Lalevée J, Liao S. Organocatalytic PET-RAFT polymerization with a low ppm of organic photocatalyst under visible light. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01431e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of light-mediated controlled radical polymerization has benefited from the discovery of novel photocatalysts, which could allow precise light control over the polymerization process and the production of well-defined polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - Xun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Junqiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Siping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Saihu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shimizu T, Truong NP, Whitfield R, Anastasaki A. Tuning Ligand Concentration in Cu(0)-RDRP: A Simple Approach to Control Polymer Dispersity. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:187-195. [PMID: 34901951 PMCID: PMC8662723 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cu(0)-reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) is a versatile polymerization tool, providing rapid access to well-defined polymers while utilizing mild reaction conditions and low catalyst loadings. However, thus far, this method has not been applied to tailor dispersity, a key parameter that determines the physical properties and applications of polymeric materials. Here, we report a simple to perform method, whereby Cu(0)-RDRP can systematically control polymer dispersity (Đ = 1.07-1.72), while maintaining monomodal molecular weight distributions. By varying the ligand concentration, we could effectively regulate the rates of initiation and deactivation, resulting in polymers of various dispersities. Importantly, both low and high dispersity PMA possess high end-group fidelity, as evidenced by MALDI-ToF-MS, allowing for a range of block copolymers to be prepared with different dispersity configurations. The scope of our method can also be extended to include inexpensive ligands (i.e., PMDETA), which also facilitated the polymerization of lower propagation rate constant monomers (i.e., styrene) and the in situ synthesis of block copolymers. This work significantly expands the toolbox of RDRP methods for tailoring dispersity in polymeric materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shimizu
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland,Science
& Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical
Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku,
Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 227-8502, Japan
| | - Nghia P. Truong
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland,
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Heravi MM, Abedian‐Dehaghani N, Zadsirjan V, Rangraz Y. Catalytic Function of Cu (I) and Cu (II) in Total Synthesis of Alkaloids. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry School of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, PO.Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran
| | - Neda Abedian‐Dehaghani
- Department of Chemistry School of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, PO.Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran
| | - Vahideh Zadsirjan
- Department of Chemistry School of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, PO.Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran
| | - Yalda Rangraz
- Department of Chemistry School of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, PO.Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zheng Z, Wang B, Chen J, Wang Y, Miao Z, Shang C, Zhang Q. Facile synthesis of Antibacterial, Biocompatible, quaternized Poly(ionic liquid)s with pendant saccharides. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
15
|
Chen S, Zhang ZL, Song F, Wang XL, Wang YZ. Rapid Synthesis of Polymer-Grafted Cellulose Nanofiber Nanocomposite via Surface-Initiated Cu(0)-Mediated Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sikai Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ze-Lian Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Fei Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nagao M, Kichize M, Hoshino Y, Miura Y. Influence of Monomer Structures for Polymeric Multivalent Ligands: Consideration of the Molecular Mobility of Glycopolymers. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3119-3127. [PMID: 34152744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular mobility is important for interactions of biofunctional polymers with target molecules. Monomer structures for synthetic biofunctional polymers are usually selected based on their compatibility with polymerization systems, whereas the influence of monomer structures on the interaction with target molecules is hardly considered. In this report, we evaluate the correlation between the monomer structures of glycopolymers and their interactions with concanavalin A (ConA) with respect to the molecular mobility. Two types of glycopolymers bearing mannose are synthesized with acrylamide or acrylate monomers. Despite the similar structures, except for amide or ester bonds in the side chains, the acrylate-type glycopolymers exhibit stronger interaction with ConA both in the isothermal titration calorimetry measurement and in a hemagglutination inhibition assay. Characterization of the acrylate-type glycopolymers suggests that the higher binding constant arises from the higher molecular mobility of mannose units, which results from the rotational freedom of ester bonds in their side chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Nagao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaya Kichize
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pelras T, Loos K. Strategies for the synthesis of sequence-controlled glycopolymers and their potential for advanced applications. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
18
|
Bexis P, Arno MC, Bell CA, Thomas AW, Dove AP. Thermally-induced hyperbranching of bromine-containing polyesters by insertion of in situ generated chain-end carbenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4275-4278. [PMID: 33913987 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00821h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbranched, biodegradable PCL-based polymers are obtained through a random but invasive migration of an in situ generated carbene end group which is unmasked via the thermolysis of its precursor diazirine moiety. These hyperbranched cores are used as macroinitiators for 'grafting-from' polymerisation using controlled radical polymerisation to achieve amphiphilic copolymers which can subsequently be self-assembled into spherical core-shell micelles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Bexis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK and School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Maria C Arno
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. and Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Craig A Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK and Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anthony W Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Frickenstein AN, Hagood JM, Britten CN, Abbott BS, McNally MW, Vopat CA, Patterson EG, MacCuaig WM, Jain A, Walters KB, McNally LR. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Properties and Strategies for Enhancing Clinical Effect. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:570. [PMID: 33920503 PMCID: PMC8072651 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the theragnostic potential of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), these were extensively investigated as a novel approach to improve clinical outcomes. Boasting an impressive array of formulations and modifications, MSNs demonstrate significant in vivo efficacy when used to identify or treat myriad malignant diseases in preclinical models. As MSNs continue transitioning into clinical trials, a thorough understanding of the characteristics of effective MSNs is necessary. This review highlights recent discoveries and advances in MSN understanding and technology. Specific focus is given to cancer theragnostic approaches using MSNs. Characteristics of MSNs such as size, shape, and surface properties are discussed in relation to effective nanomedicine practice and projected clinical efficacy. Additionally, tumor-targeting options used with MSNs are presented with extensive discussion on active-targeting molecules. Methods for decreasing MSN toxicity, improving site-specific delivery, and controlling release of loaded molecules are further explained. Challenges facing the field and translation to clinical environments are presented alongside potential avenues for continuing investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex N. Frickenstein
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (A.N.F.); (C.A.V.); (W.M.M.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.M.H.); (M.W.M.)
| | - Jordan M. Hagood
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.M.H.); (M.W.M.)
| | - Collin N. Britten
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (C.N.B.); (B.S.A.); (K.B.W.)
| | - Brandon S. Abbott
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (C.N.B.); (B.S.A.); (K.B.W.)
| | - Molly W. McNally
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.M.H.); (M.W.M.)
| | - Catherine A. Vopat
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (A.N.F.); (C.A.V.); (W.M.M.)
| | - Eian G. Patterson
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
| | - William M. MacCuaig
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (A.N.F.); (C.A.V.); (W.M.M.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.M.H.); (M.W.M.)
| | - Ajay Jain
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Keisha B. Walters
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; (C.N.B.); (B.S.A.); (K.B.W.)
| | - Lacey R. McNally
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (J.M.H.); (M.W.M.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stuart-Walker W, Mahon CS. Glycomacromolecules: Addressing challenges in drug delivery and therapeutic development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:77-93. [PMID: 33539854 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-based materials offer exciting opportunities for drug delivery. They present readily available, biocompatible components for the construction of macromolecular systems which can be loaded with cargo, and can enable targeting of a payload to particular cell types through carbohydrate recognition events established in biological systems. These systems can additionally be engineered to respond to environmental stimuli, enabling triggered release of payload, to encompass multiple modes of therapeutic action, or to simultaneously fulfil a secondary function such as enabling imaging of target tissue. Here, we will explore the use of glycomacromolecules to deliver therapeutic benefits to address key health challenges, and suggest future directions for development of next-generation systems.
Collapse
|
21
|
Efstathiou S, Wemyss AM, Patias G, Al-Shok L, Grypioti M, Coursari D, Ma C, Atkins CJ, Shegiwal A, Wan C, Haddleton DM. Self-healing and mechanical performance of dynamic glycol chitosan hydrogel nanocomposites. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:809-823. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02390f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of Schiff base nanocomposite hydrogels properties using a benzaldehyde multifunctional amphiphilic polyacrylamide crosslinker in conjunction with glycol chitosan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan M. Wemyss
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM)
| | | | - Lucas Al-Shok
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | | | - Congkai Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | | | - Chaoying Wan
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM)
- WMG
- University of Warwick
- UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yoo HJ, Kim DH, Shin D, Oh Y, Lee S, Lee JY, Choi YJ, Lee SH, Lee KS, Kim Y, Cho K. Recent developments in pre-treatment and analytical techniques for synthetic polymers by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5767-5800. [PMID: 33241791 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01729a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A great deal of effort has been expended to develop accurate means of determining the properties of synthetic polymers using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Many studies have focused on the importance of sample pre-treatment to obtain accurate analysis results. This review discusses the history of synthetic polymer characterization and highlights several applications of MALDI-TOF MS that recognize the importance of pre-treatment technologies. The subject area is of significance in the field of analytical chemistry, especially for users of the MALDI technique. Since the 2000s, many such technologies have been developed that feature improved methods and conditions, including solvent-free systems. In addition, the recent diversification of matrix types and the development of carbon-based matrix materials are described herein together with the current status and future directions of MALDI-TOF MS hardware and software development. We provide a summary of processes used for obtaining the best analytical results with synthetic polymeric materials using MALDI-TOF MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jin Yoo
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28119, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Moreno A, Jiménez-Alesanco A, Ronda JC, Cádiz V, Galià M, Percec V, Abian O, Lligadas G. Dual Biochemically Breakable Drug Carriers from Programmed Telechelic Homopolymers. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4313-4325. [PMID: 32897693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined hydrophilic telechelic dibromo poly(triethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate)s were prepared by single-electron transfer living radical polymerization employing a hydrophobic difunctional initiator containing acetal and disulfide linkages. Although the resulting homopolymers have low hydrophobic contents (<8.5 wt % of the entire structure), they are able to self-assemble in water into nanoscale micellelike particles via chain folding. Acetal and disulfide linkages were demonstrated to be "keystone" units for their dual stimuli-responsive behavior under biochemically relevant conditions. Their site-selective middle-chain cleavage under both acidic pH and reductive conditions splits the homopolymer into two equal-sized fragments and results in the breakdown of the nanoassemblies. The drug loading/delivery potential of these nanoparticles was investigated using curcumine combining in vitro drug release, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake studies with human cancer cell lines (HT-29 and HeLa). Importantly, this strategy may be extended to prepare innovative nanoplatforms based on hydrophilic homopolymers or random copolymers for intelligent drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Ana Jiménez-Alesanco
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Juan C Ronda
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Virginia Cádiz
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Marina Galià
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Olga Abian
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza 50018, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza 50009 Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50013, Spain
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain.,Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Moreno A, Ronda JC, Cádiz V, Galià M, Percec V, Lligadas G. Programming Self-Assembly and Stimuli-Triggered Response of Hydrophilic Telechelic Polymers with Sequence-Encoded Hydrophobic Initiators. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Juan C. Ronda
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Virginia Cádiz
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Marina Galià
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ding L, Li Y, Cang H, Li J, Wang C, Song W. Controlled synthesis of azobenzene-containing block copolymers both in the main- and side-chain from SET-LRP polymers via ADMET polymerization. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
26
|
Gurnani P, Perrier S. Controlled radical polymerization in dispersed systems for biological applications. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
27
|
Maurya DS, Malik A, Feng X, Bensabeh N, Lligadas G, Percec V. Me6-TREN/TREN Mixed-Ligand Effect During SET-LRP in the Catalytically Active DMSO Revitalizes TREN into an Excellent Ligand. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1902-1919. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra S. Maurya
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ayesha Malik
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Xiaojing Feng
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nabil Bensabeh
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hoffmann M, Gau E, Braun S, Pich A, Elling L. Enzymatic Synthesis of 2-(β-Galactosyl)-ethyl Methacrylate by β-Galactosidase from Pyrococcus woesei and Application for Glycopolymer Synthesis and Lectin Studies. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:974-987. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Hoffmann
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Gau
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Braun
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liarou E, Staniforth M, Town JS, Marathianos A, Grypioti M, Li Y, Chang Y, Efstathiou S, Hancox E, Wemyss AM, Wilson P, Jones BA, Aljuaid M, Stavros VG, Haddleton DM. UV irradiation of Cu-based complexes with aliphatic amine ligands as used in living radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
30
|
Gurnani P, Floyd T, Tanaka J, Stubbs C, Lester D, Sanchez-Cano C, Perrier S. PCR-RAFT: rapid high throughput oxygen tolerant RAFT polymer synthesis in a biology laboratory. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01521c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We performed high-throughput oxygen tolerant ultra-fast RAFT polymerisation producing complex polymer libraries utilising PCR thermocyclers. This now enables the preparation of these libraries in under 5 min without chemistry equipment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Floyd
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | - Joji Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | - Daniel Lester
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
- Warwick Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mocny P, Klok HA. Complex polymer topologies and polymer—nanoparticle hybrid films prepared via surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
32
|
Feng X, Maurya DS, Bensabeh N, Moreno A, Oh T, Luo Y, Lejnieks J, Galià M, Miura Y, Monteiro MJ, Lligadas G, Percec V. Replacing Cu(II)Br2 with Me6-TREN in Biphasic Cu(0)/TREN Catalyzed SET-LRP Reveals the Mixed-Ligand Effect. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:250-261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Feng
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Devendra S. Maurya
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Nabil Bensabeh
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Adrian Moreno
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Takahiro Oh
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuqing Luo
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ja̅nis Lejnieks
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Marina Galià
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen S, Hori N, Kajiyama M, Takemura A. Graft modification of methyl acrylate onto chicken feather via surface initiated Cu(0)‐mediated reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sikai Chen
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐8657 Japan
| | - Naruhito Hori
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐8657 Japan
| | - Mikio Kajiyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, 1‐1‐1 Tennodai, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8577 Japan
| | - Akio Takemura
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku Tokyo 113‐8657 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xiao Y, Tang C, Chen Y, Lang M. Dual stimuli-responsive polypeptide prepared by thiol-ene click reaction of poly(l-cysteine) and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate. Biopolymers 2019; 110:e23318. [PMID: 31274198 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers that can undergo conformational changes with external triggers have enabled themselves as smart materials for various utilizations, among which biodegradability is of particular importance to be engineered for biomedical application. In this study, a thermo and pH dual responsive polypeptide (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate-modified poly(l-cysteine)) (PLC-g-DMAEA) was prepared by the combination of N-carboxyanhydride ring-open polymerization and thiol-ene click chemistry. The biodegradable poly(l-cysteine) (PLC) with pendant thiol groups provided an easily clickable backbone for postmodification, which was demonstrated by reacting with a well-known monomer of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (DMAEA) to achieve both temperature and pH responsiveness. The irreversible thermo-response of PLC-g-DMAEA could be attributed to the ordered β-sheets formed upon heating, leading to the trapped side groups with poor water accessibility. Moreover, this copolymer precipitated at pH ranging from 7.5 to 9.7, but protonation of tertiary amine groups (pH < 7.5) and salt forming of masked thiol groups (pH > 9.7) rendered it soluble in water. Our results revealed that a ready available vinyl monomer could be easily clicked onto the biodegradable PLC and its stimuli responsiveness would be reserved. Moreover, the primary and secondary structures of PLC might influence the conformation, thus leading to the unique responsive behavior of the resulted copolymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenna Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Meidong Lang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aksakal S, Aksakal R, Becer CR. Transformation of Thioester-Initiated Star Polymers into Linear Arms via Native Chemical Ligation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900247. [PMID: 31237720 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new class of Cu-mediated polymerization initiators with thioester functionality is demonstrated and their polymerization kinetics via single-electron transfer living radical polymerization is reported. From periodic sampling, it is found that thioester- or ester-based initiators can be employed interchangeably, resulting in very similar polymerization rates. Furthermore, a multifunctional thioester initiator is employed for the preparation of a well-defined four-arm star-shaped polymer. It is further shown that the full dissociation of the star polymer into linear arms via native chemical ligation can easily be followed via size exclusion chromatography, as a result of the change in hydrodynamic volume. Finally, the obtained linear polymers are characterized via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and found to be in good agreement with the expected molecular weight distribution that confirms the successful transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Aksakal
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Resat Aksakal
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Caglar Remzi Becer
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Controlled Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Styrene via Cu(0)-Mediated RDRP by Selecting the Optimal Reaction Conditions. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
37
|
Wang X, Yang R, Huang L, Li J, Liu Z. Preparation of starch-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) via SET-LRP at molecular level and its self-assembly. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
38
|
Moreno A, Bensabeh N, Parve J, Ronda JC, Cádiz V, Galià M, Vares L, Lligadas G, Percec V. SET-LRP of Bio- and Petroleum-Sourced Methacrylates in Aqueous Alcoholic Mixtures. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1816-1827. [PMID: 30882211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) in "programmed" aqueous organic biphasic systems eliminates the judicious choice of solvent and also provides accelerated reaction rates. Herein, we report efforts to expand the monomer scope for these systems by targeting methacrylic monomers and polymers. Various environmentally friendly aqueous alcoholic mixtures were used in combination with Cu(0) wire catalyst, tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine (Me6-TREN) ligand, and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (Ts-Cl) initiator to deliver well-defined polymethacrylates from methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and other monomers derived from biomass feedstock (e.g., lactic acid, isosorbide, furfural, and lauric acid). The effect of water on the nature of the reaction mixture during the SET-LRP process, reaction rate, and control of the polymerization is discussed. The control retained under the reported conditions is demonstrated by synthesizing polymers of different targeted molar mass as well as quasi-block AB copolymers by "in situ" chain extension at high conversion. These results highlight the capabilities of SET-LRP to provide sustainable solutions based on renewable resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Moreno
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry , University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona 43007 , Spain
| | - Nabil Bensabeh
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry , University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona 43007 , Spain
| | - Jaan Parve
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology , Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5 , Tallinn 19086 , Estonia
| | - Juan C Ronda
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry , University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona 43007 , Spain
| | - Virginia Cádiz
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry , University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona 43007 , Spain
| | - Marina Galià
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry , University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona 43007 , Spain
| | - Lauri Vares
- Institute of Technology , University of Tartu , Nooruse 1 , Tartu 50411 , Estonia
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry , University Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona 43007 , Spain.,Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nagao M, Hoshino Y, Miura Y. Quantitative preparation of multiblock glycopolymers bearing glycounits at the terminal segments by aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of acrylamide monomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Nagao
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku; Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku; Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku; Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang T, Benetti EM, Jordan R. Surface-Initiated Cu(0)-Mediated CRP for the Rapid and Controlled Synthesis of Quasi-3D Structured Polymer Brushes. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:145-153. [PMID: 35619435 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization mediated by Cu(0) plate (SI-Cu(0)plate-CRP) is an extremely effective and versatile technique for the synthesis of functional polymer brushes from vinyl monomers on planar substrates. The advantages of SI-Cu(0)plate-CRP in comparison to "classical" SI-CRP methods not only rely on the easy accessibility, handling, and recycling of the catalyst source, but also on the faster brush growth rates, and exceptionally high reinitiation efficiencies and grafting densities for the obtained brushes. The confined geometry of the SI-Cu(0)plate-CRP reaction setup, with a Cu(0) plate placed in close proximity to the initiator bearing substrate, considerably simplifies the preparation of polymer brushes over large areas, and the fabrication of gradient, patterned and arrayed polymer brushes. In this viewpoint we summarize the recent developments and applications of SI-Cu(0)plate-CRP, emphasizing its mechanism, advantages, and standing challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Jordan
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vorobii M, Kostina NY, Rahimi K, Grama S, Söder D, Pop-Georgievski O, Sturcova A, Horak D, Grottke O, Singh S, Rodriguez-Emmenegger C. Antifouling Microparticles To Scavenge Lipopolysaccharide from Human Blood Plasma. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:959-968. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Vorobii
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nina Yu. Kostina
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Khosrow Rahimi
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Silvia Grama
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Söder
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ognen Pop-Georgievski
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adriana Sturcova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horak
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Grottke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Emmenegger
- DWI−Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tonge CM, Yuan F, Lu ZH, Hudson ZM. Cu(0)-RDRP as an efficient and low-cost synthetic route to blue-emissive polymers for OLEDs. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00294d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cu(0)-RDRP has been used to prepare deep-blue emissive polymers for OLEDs using a simple room-temperature procedure with copper wire catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Tonge
- Department of Chemistry
- 2026 Main Mall
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Fanglong Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- 184 College Street
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada MS5 3E4
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- 184 College Street
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada MS5 3E4
| | - Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry
- 2026 Main Mall
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Creusen G, Roshanasan A, Garcia Lopez J, Peneva K, Walther A. Bottom-up design of model network elastomers and hydrogels from precise star polymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00731h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined high-molecular weight star polymers based on low-Tg water-soluble polymers enable bottom-up design of model network elastomers and functional hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Creusen
- A3BMS Lab – Active
- Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
| | - Ardeshir Roshanasan
- A3BMS Lab – Active
- Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
| | - Javier Garcia Lopez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Jena Center of Soft Matter
- Friedrich Schiller University of Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Kalina Peneva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Jena Center of Soft Matter
- Friedrich Schiller University of Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab – Active
- Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tanaka J, Gurnani P, Cook AB, Häkkinen S, Zhang J, Yang J, Kerr A, Haddleton DM, Perrier S, Wilson P. Microscale synthesis of multiblock copolymers using ultrafast RAFT polymerisation. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01437j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that ultrafast RAFT in the presence of air can be scaled down to 2 μL with good control using microvolume insert vials as the polymerisation vessel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joji Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
| | | | - Satu Häkkinen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
| | - Andrew Kerr
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
| | | | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Paul Wilson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- CV4 7AL Coventry
- UK
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liarou E, Anastasaki A, Whitfield R, Iacono CE, Patias G, Engelis NG, Marathianos A, Jones GR, Haddleton DM. Ultra-low volume oxygen tolerant photoinduced Cu-RDRP. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01720d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We introduce the first oxygen tolerant ultra-low volume (as low as 5 μL) photoinduced Cu-RDRP of a range of hydrophobic, hydrophilic and semi-fluorinated monomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Glen R. Jones
- University of Warwick
- Department of Chemistry
- Coventry
- UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Prasher A, Hu H, Tanaka J, Nicewicz DA, You W. Alcohol mediated degenerate chain transfer controlled cationic polymerisation of para-alkoxystyrene. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00480g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this report we demonstrate methanol as an effective degenerative chain transfer agent to control the cationic polymerisation (initiated by triflic acid) of electron rich p-alkoxy-styrenes, such as p-methoxystyrene (p-MOS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alka Prasher
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Huamin Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Joji Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - David A. Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
This review describes several general chemical approaches for the preparation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-mimetic polymers based on different backbones and sidechains, and highlights the importance of these synthetic GAG-mimetic polymers in controlling key biofunctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Gaojian Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vishwakarma NK, Hwang YH, Mishra AK, Kim JK, Kim DP. A platform for accelerated continuous-flow radical polymerization of acrylates and styrene with copper-wire threads. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00186g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated Cu(0)-mediated homo-/block (co)polymerization of the vinyl monomers is conducted via continuous-flow process with a copper metal-wire catalyst threaded through perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) tube.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj K. Vishwakarma
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Hwang
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Avnish Kumar Mishra
- Center for Smart Block Copolymers
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- Center for Smart Block Copolymers
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
van Ravensteijn BGP, Bou Zerdan R, Helgeson ME, Hawker CJ. Minimizing Star–Star Coupling in Cu(0)-Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
50
|
Duque-Sanchez L, Brack N, Postma A, Meagher L, Pigram PJ. Engineering the Biointerface of Electrospun 3D Scaffolds with Functionalized Polymer Brushes for Enhanced Cell Binding. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:813-825. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Duque-Sanchez
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Narelle Brack
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Almar Postma
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- Monash Institute of Medical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
| | - Paul J. Pigram
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| |
Collapse
|