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El-Semary MS, Belal F, El-Emam AA, El-Shaheny RN, El-Masry AA. A new fabricated hetero-atom doped carbon quantum dots as a fluorescent probe for metronidazole determination using garlic and red lentils with microwave assistance. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4826. [PMID: 39004784 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible and highly fluorescent phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur carbon quantum dots (P,N,S-CQDs) were synthesized using a quick and ecologically friendly process inspired from plant sources. Garlic and red lentils were utilized as natural and inexpensive sources for efficient synthesis of the carbon-based quantum dots using green microwave-irradiation, which provides an ultrafast route for carbonization of the organic biomass and subsequent fabrication of P,N,S-CQDs within only 3 min. The formed P,N,S-CQDs showed excellent blue fluorescence at λem = 412 nm when excited at 325 nm with a quantum yield up to 26.4%. These fluorescent dots were used as a nano-sensor for the determination of the commonly used antibacterial and antiprotozoal drug, metronidazole (MTR). As MTR lacked native fluorescence and prior published techniques had several limitations, the proposed methodology became increasingly relevant. This approach affords sensitive detection with a wide linear range of 0.5-100.0 μM and LOD and LOQ values of 0.14 μM and 0.42 μM, respectively. As well as, it is cost-effective and ecologically benign. The MTT test was used to evaluate the in-vitro cytotoxicity of the fabricated P,N,S-CQDs. The findings supported a minimally cytotoxic impact and good biocompatibility, which provide a future perspective for the applicability of these CQDs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam S El-Semary
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ali A El-Emam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania N El-Shaheny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal A El-Masry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Zarei A, Rezaei A, Shahlaei M, Asani Z, Ramazani A, Wang C. Selective and sensitive CQD-based sensing platform for Cu 2+ detection in Wilson's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13183. [PMID: 38851799 PMCID: PMC11162432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive Cu2+ intake can cause neurological disorders (e.g. Wilson's disease) and adversely affect the gastrointestinal, liver, and kidney organs. The presence of Cu2+ is strongly linked to the emergence and progression of Wilson's disease (WD), and accurately measuring the amount of copper is a crucial step in diagnosing WD at an early stage in a clinical setting. In this work, CQDs were fabricated through a facile technique as a novel fluorescence-based sensing platform for detecting Cu(II) in aqueous solutions, and in the serum samples of healthy and affected individuals by WD. The CQDs interact with Cu(II) ions to produce Turn-on and Turn-off states at nano-molar and micro-molar levels, respectively, with LODs of 0.001 µM and 1 µM. In fact, the Cu2+ ions can act like a bridge between two CQDs by which the charge and electron transfer between the CQDs may increase, possibly can have significant effects on the spectroscopic features of the CQDs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported research that can detect Cu(II) at low levels using two different complexation states, with promising results in testing serum. The potential of the sensor to detect Cu(II) was tested on serum samples from healthy and affected individuals by WD, and compared to results obtained by ICP-OES. Astonishingly, the results showed an excellent correlation between the measured Cu(II) levels using the proposed technique and ICP-OES, indicating the high potential of the fluorimetric CQD-based probe for Cu(II) detection. The accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, high precision, accuracy, and applicability of the probe toward Cu(II) ions make it a potential diagnostic tool for Wilson's disease in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zarei
- The Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory (OCRL), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Aram Rezaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Shahlaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Asani
- Students Research Committee,, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- The Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory (OCRL), Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
- The Convergent Sciences & Technologies Laboratory (CSTL), Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
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Ayisha Naziba T, Praveen Kumar D, Karthikeyan S, Sriramajayam S, Djanaguiraman M, Sundaram S, Ghamari M, Prasada Rao R, Ramakrishna S, Ramesh D. Biomass Derived Biofluorescent Carbon Dots for Energy Applications: Current Progress and Prospects. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400030. [PMID: 38837295 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomass resources are often disposed of inefficiently and it causes environmental degradation. These wastes can be turned into bio-products using effective conversion techniques. The synthesis of high-value bio-products from biomass adheres to the principles of a sustainable circular economy in a variety of industries, including agriculture. Recently, fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots) derived from biowastes have emerged as a breakthrough in the field, showcasing outstanding fluorescence properties and biocompatibility. The C-dots exhibit unique quantum confinement properties due to their small size, contributing to their exceptional fluorescence. The significance of their fluorescent properties lies in their versatile applications, particularly in bio-imaging and energy devices. Their rapid and straight-forward production using green/chemical precursors has further accelerated their adoption in diverse applications. The use of green precursors for C-dot not only addresses the biomass disposal issue through a scientific approach, but also establishes a path for a circular economy. This approach not only minimizes biowaste, which also harnesses the potential of fluorescent C-dots to contribute to sustainable practices in agriculture. This review explores recent developments and challenges in synthesizing high-quality C-dots from agro-residues, shedding light on their crucial role in advancing technologies for a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ayisha Naziba
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Praveen Kumar
- Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathya Mangalam, 638 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthikeyan
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sriramajayam
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam, 628 252., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Djanaguiraman
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthilarasu Sundaram
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Mehrdad Ghamari
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - R Prasada Rao
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering, Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering, Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - D Ramesh
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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Sahana S, Gautam A, Singh R, Chandel S. A recent update on development, synthesis methods, properties and application of natural products derived carbon dots. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:51. [PMID: 37953431 PMCID: PMC10641086 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural resources are practically infinitely abundant in nature, which stimulates scientists to create new materials with inventive uses and minimal environmental impact. Due to the various benefits of natural carbon dots (NCDs) from them has received a lot of attention recently. Natural products-derived carbon dots have recently emerged as a highly promising class of nanomaterials, showcasing exceptional properties and eco-friendly nature, which make them appealing for diverse applications in various fields such as biomedical, environmental sensing and monitoring, energy storage and conversion, optoelectronics and photonics, agriculture, quantum computing, nanomedicine and cancer therapy. Characterization techniques such as Photoinduced electron transfer, Aggregation-Induced-Emission (AIE), Absorbance, Fluorescence in UV-Vis and NIR Regions play crucial roles in understanding the structural and optical properties of Carbon dots (CDs). The exceptional photoluminescence properties exhibited by CDs derived from natural products have paved the way for applications in tissue engineering, cancer treatment, bioimaging, sensing, drug delivery, photocatalysis, and promising remarkable advancements in these fields. In this review, we summarized the various synthesis methods, physical and optical properties, applications, challenges, future prospects of natural products-derived carbon dots etc. In this expanding sector, the difficulties and prospects for NCD-based materials research will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Sahana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal-Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Anupam Gautam
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School "From Molecules to Organisms", Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence: EXC 2124: Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rajveer Singh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal-Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
| | - Shivani Chandel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal-Kalan, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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Kumara BN, Kalimuthu P, Prasad KS. Synthesis, properties and potential applications of photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1268:341430. [PMID: 37268342 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescent-carbon nanoparticles (PL-CNPs) are a new class of materials that received immense interest among researchers due to their distinct characteristics, including photoluminescence, high surface-to-volume ratio, low cost, ease of synthesis, high quantum yield, and biocompatibility. By exploiting these outstanding properties, many studies have been reported on its utility as sensors, photocatalysts, probes for bio-imaging, and optoelectronics applications. From clinical applications to point-of-care test devices, drug loading to tracking of drug delivery, and other research innovations demonstrated PL-CNPs as an emerging material that could substitute conventional approaches. However, some of the PL-CNPs have poor PL properties and selectivity due to the presence of impurities (e.g., molecular fluorophores) and unfavourable surface charges by the passivation molecules, which impede their applications in many fields. To address these issues, many researchers have been paying great attention to developing new PL-CNPs with different composite combinations to achieve high PL properties and selectivity. Herein, we thoroughly discussed the recent development of various synthetic strategies employed to prepare PL-CNPs, doping effects, photostability, biocompatibility, and applications in sensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery fields. Moreover, the review discussed the limitations, future direction, and perspectives of PL-CNPs in possible potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Kumara
- Nanomaterial Research Laboratory (NMRL), Nano Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575 018, India
| | - Palraj Kalimuthu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
| | - K S Prasad
- Centre for Nutrition Studies, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575 018, India.
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Hindi SS, Sabir JSM, Dawoud UM, Ismail IM, Asiry KA, Mirdad ZM, Abo-Elyousr KA, Shiboob MH, Gabal MA, Albureikan MOI, Alanazi RA, Ibrahim OHM. Nanocellulose-Based Passivated-Carbon Quantum Dots (P-CQDs) for Antimicrobial Applications: A Practical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2660. [PMID: 37376306 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Passivated-carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs) have been attracting great interest as an antimicrobial therapy tool due to their bright fluorescence, lack of toxicity, eco-friendly nature, simple synthetic schemes, and possession of photocatalytic functions comparable to those present in traditional nanometric semiconductors. Besides synthetic precursors, CQDs can be synthesized from a plethora of natural resources including microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). Converting MCC into NCC is performed chemically via the top-down route, while synthesizing CODs from NCC can be performed via the bottom-up route. Due to the good surface charge status with the NCC precursor, we focused in this review on synthesizing CQDs from nanocelluloses (MCC and NCC) since they could become a potential source for fabricating carbon quantum dots that are affected by pyrolysis temperature. There are several P-CQDs synthesized with a wide spectrum of featured properties, namely functionalized carbon quantum dots (F-CQDs) and passivated carbon quantum dots (P-CQDs). There are two different important P-CQDs, namely 2,2'-ethylenedioxy-bis-ethylamine (EDA-CQDs) and 3-ethoxypropylamine (EPA-CQDs), that have achieved desirable results in the antiviral therapy field. Since NoV is the most common dangerous cause of nonbacterial, acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, this review deals with NoV in detail. The surficial charge status (SCS) of the P-CQDs plays an important role in their interactions with NoVs. The EDA-CQDs were found to be more effective than EPA-CQDs in inhibiting the NoV binding. This difference may be attributed to their SCS as well as the virus surface. EDA-CQDs with surficial terminal amino (-NH2) groups are positively charged at physiological pH (-NH3+), whereas EPA-CQDs with surficial terminal methyl groups (-CH3) are not charged. Since the NoV particles are negatively charged, they are attracted to the positively charged EDA-CQDs, resulting in enhancing the P-CQDs concentration around the virus particles. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were found to be comparable to the P-CQDs in the non-specific binding with NoV capsid proteins, through complementary charges, π-π stacking, and/or hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif S Hindi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uthman M Dawoud
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal M Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Asiry
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair M Mirdad
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal A Abo-Elyousr
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Shiboob
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Gabal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Othman I Albureikan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan A Alanazi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer H M Ibrahim
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdullaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Gedda G, Sankaranarayanan SA, Putta CL, Gudimella KK, Rengan AK, Girma WM. Green synthesis of multi-functional carbon dots from medicinal plant leaves for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and bioimaging applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6371. [PMID: 37076562 PMCID: PMC10115846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33652-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research work, carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized from the renewable leaves of an indigenous medicinal plant by the one-pot sand bath method, Azadirachta indica. The synthesized CDs were characterized for its optical properties using UV-Vis, Fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry and for structural properties using dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and high resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The synthesized CDs exhibited concentration dependent biocompatibility when tested in mouse fibroblast L929 cell line. The EC50 values of biomedical studies, free radical scavenging activity (13.87 μgmL-1), and total antioxidant capacity (38 μgmL-1) proved CDs were exceptionally good. These CDs showed an appreciable zone of inhibition when examined on four bacterial (two gram-positive and gram-negative) and two fungal strains at minimum concentrations. Cellular internalisation studies performed on human breast cancer cells (MCF 7- bioimaging) revealed the applicability of CDs in bioimaging, wherein the inherent fluorescence of CDs were utilised. Thus, the CDs developed are potential as bioimaging, antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangaraju Gedda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Sri Amruthaa Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Chandra Lekha Putta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Krishna Kanthi Gudimella
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Rudraram, Telangana, 502329, India.
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India.
| | - Wubshet Mekonnen Girma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
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Shibata H, Abe M, Sato K, Uwai K, Tokuraku K, Iimori T. Microwave-assisted synthesis and formation mechanism of fluorescent carbon dots from starch. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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10
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Clustering of photoluminescent carbon quantum dots using biopolymers for biomedical applications. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Malavika JP, Shobana C, Sundarraj S, Ganeshbabu M, Kumar P, Selvan RK. Green synthesis of multifunctional carbon quantum dots: An approach in cancer theranostics. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212756. [PMID: 35929302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have gained significant growing attention in the recent past due to their peculiar characteristics including smaller size, high surface area, photoluminescence, chemical stability, facile synthesis and functionalization possibilities. They are carbon nanostructures having less than 10 nm size with fluorescent properties. In recent years, the scientific community is curiously adopting biomass precursors for the preparation of CQDs over the chemical compounds. These biomass sources are sustainable, eco-friendly, inexpensive, widely available and convert waste into valuable materials. Hence in our work the fundamental understating of diverse fabrication methodologies of CQDs, and the types of raw materials employed in recent times, are all examined and correlated comprehensively. Their unique combination of remarkable properties, together with the ease with which they can be fabricated, makes CQDs as promising materials for applications in diverse biomedical fields, in particular for bio-imaging, targeted drug delivery and phototherapy for cancer treatment. The mechanism for luminescence is of considerable significance for leading the synthesis of CQDs with tunable fluorescence emission. Therefore, it is aimed to explore and provide an updated review on (i) the recent progress on the different synthesis methods of biomass-derived CQDs, (ii) the contribution of surface states or functional groups on the luminescence origin and (iii) its potential application for cancer theranostics, concentrating on their fluorescence properties. Finally, we explored the challenges in modification for the synthesis of CQDs from biomass derivatives and the future scope of CQDs in phototherapy for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalaja Prasad Malavika
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shenbagamoorthy Sundarraj
- Department of Zoology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi - 626 124, Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mariappan Ganeshbabu
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sarisozen S, Polat N, Mert Balci F, Guvenc CM, Kocabas C, Yaglioglu HG, Balci S. Strong Coupling of Carbon Quantum Dots in Liquid Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3562-3570. [PMID: 35426302 PMCID: PMC9059182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CDs) have recently received a tremendous amount of interest owing to their attractive optical properties. However, CDs have broad absorption and emission spectra limiting their application ranges. We herein, for the first time, show synthesis of water-soluble red emissive CDs with a very narrow line width (∼75 meV) spectral absorbance and hence demonstrate strong coupling of CDs and plasmon polaritons in liquid crystalline mesophases. The excited state dynamics of CDs has been studied by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, and CDs display very stable and strong photoluminescence emission with a quantum yield of 35.4% and a lifetime of ∼2 ns. More importantly, we compare J-aggregate dyes with CDs in terms of their absorption line width, photostability, and ability to do strong coupling, and we conclude that highly fluorescent CDs have a bright future in the mixed light-matter states for emerging applications in future quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Sarisozen
- Department
of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Nahit Polat
- Department
of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Fadime Mert Balci
- Department
of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - C. Meric Guvenc
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Izmir
Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Coskun Kocabas
- Department
of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- National
Graphene Institute (NGI), University of
Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry Royce
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Sinan Balci
- Department
of Photonics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir 35430, Turkey
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13
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Rawat P, Nain P, Sharma S, Sharma PK, Malik V, Majumder S, Verma VP, Rawat V, Rhyee JS. An Overview of Synthetic Methods and Applications of Photoluminescent Properties of Carbon Quantum Dots. LUMINESCENCE 2022. [PMID: 35419945 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are promising carbonaceous nanomaterials fortuitously discovered in 2004. CQDs are the rising stars in the nanotechnology ensemble because of their unique properties and widespread applications in sensing, imaging, medicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics. CQDs are notable for their excellent solubility and effective luminescence, and as a result, they are also known as carbon nanolights. Many strategies are used for the efficient and economical preparation of CQDs; however, CQDs prepared from waste or green sustainable methods have greater requirements due to their safety and ease of synthesis. Sustainable chemical strategies for CQDs have been developed, emphasizing green synthetic methodologies based on "top-down" and "bottom-up" approaches. This review summarizes many such studies relevant to the development of sustainable methods for photoluminescent CQDs. Furthermore, we have emphasized recent advances in CQDs' photoluminescent applications in chemical and biological fields. Finally, a brief overview of synthetic processes utilizing the green source and their associated applications are tabulated, providing a clear understanding of the new optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India.,Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hyee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea
| | - Parul Nain
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Shaveta Sharma
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Parshant Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, S.D. College of Engineering & Technology, Muzaffarnagar, U.P, India
| | - Vidhu Malik
- Department of Chemistry, DCRUST Murthal, Sonipat
| | - Sudip Majumder
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali , Banasthali Newai University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Varun Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India.,School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jong Soo Rhyee
- Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hyee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea
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14
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Durrani S, Zhang J, Yang Z, Pang AP, Zeng J, Sayed SM, Khan A, Zhang Y, Wu FG, Lin F. Plant-derived Ca, N, S-Doped carbon dots for fast universal cell imaging and intracellular Congo red detection. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1202:339672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Naik VM, Bhosale SV, Kolekar GB. A brief review on the synthesis, characterisation and analytical applications of nitrogen doped carbon dots. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:877-891. [PMID: 35174374 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay02105b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 2004, fluorescent carbon nanoparticles have been tremendously studied due to their tunable optical properties. Recent studies on the synthesis and application of doped carbon dots highlight the effortless doping strategy with high quantum yields and applications in diverse fields. Among these, nitrogen doped carbon dots (NCDs) have been extensively investigated for their potential analytical and biological applications. This review features the synthetic methods and important characterisation studies required to verify successful synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon dots. Analytical applications of NCDs in metal ion, biomolecule, temperature, pH and gas sensing along with cell imaging and drug delivery applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav M Naik
- P. E. S's. Ravi S. Naik College of Arts and Science, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, India
- Fluorescence Spectroscopy Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sheshanath V Bhosale
- School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403206, India.
| | - Govind B Kolekar
- Fluorescence Spectroscopy Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, Maharashtra, India.
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16
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Dual-excitation red-emissive carbon dots excited by ultraviolet light for the mitochondria-targetable imaging and monitoring of biological process in living cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Synthesis, Characterization and Ecotoxicity Evaluation of Biochar-Derived Carbon Dots from Spruce Tree, Purple Moor-Grass and African Oil Palm. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar-derived C-Dots from Picea, Molinia caerulea and Elaeis guineensis were synthesized through a hydrothermal process, and their physicochemical and optical characteristics and environmental effects were compared. These C-Dots were characterized by techniques such as Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Z potential, and High-Resolution Transmission Electronical Microscopy (HR-TEM). The ecotoxicity tests were performed using the Microtox™ test, making this study one of the few that use this method. The C-Dots from Molinia caerulea showed the best quantum yield (QY) of 8.39% and moderate ecotoxicity, while Elaeis guineensis has the lowest QY (2.31%) but with zero toxicity. Furthermore, the C-Dots from Picea presents good optical properties but showed high toxicity and limits its use. Finally, all C-Dots showed functional groups that could be biofunctionalized with biomolecules, especially C-Dots from Molinia caerulea and Elaeis guineensis show potential for use in the development of optical biosensors.
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18
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Humaera NA, Fahri AN, Armynah B, Tahir D. Natural source of carbon dots from part of a plant and its applications: a review. LUMINESCENCE 2021; 36:1354-1364. [PMID: 33982393 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon nanoparticles with a size of less than 10 nm, and are synthesized from various sources; they have been of great interest to scientists worldwide due to their unique optical, electrical, and chemical properties. Sources of carbon are inexpensive and can be classified as a renewable natural resources. Many researchers use CDs because of their low toxicity, better water solubility, high biocompatibility, and stable photoluminescence. The simple methods for producing CDs are hydrothermal and use inexpensive equipment, have low energy consumption, simple manipulation, and one-step preparation. Since the discovery of CDs, researchers have used them in various applications such as sensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and catalysis. In this review, CDs synthesized from natural resources such as samples from herbs, roots, leaves, flowers, and fruit and some applications are described. This review provides a summary of carbon dots that is expected to provide further information for development of new CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dahlang Tahir
- Department of Physics, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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19
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Recent advances in analytical, bioanalytical and miscellaneous applications of green nanomaterial. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Iravani S, Varma RS. Green synthesis, biomedical and biotechnological applications of carbon and graphene quantum dots. A review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2020; 18:703-727. [PMID: 32206050 PMCID: PMC7088420 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-020-00984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon and graphene quantum dots are prepared using top-down and bottom-up methods. Sustainable synthesis of quantum dots has several advantages such as the use of low-cost and non-toxic raw materials, simple operations, expeditious reactions, renewable resources and straightforward post-processing steps. These nanomaterials are promising for clinical and biomedical sciences, especially in bioimaging, diagnosis, bioanalytical assays and biosensors. Here we review green methods for the fabrication of quantum dots, and biomedical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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21
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Xie Y, Cheng D, Liu X, Han A. Green Hydrothermal Synthesis of N-doped Carbon Dots from Biomass Highland Barley for the Detection of Hg 2. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E3169. [PMID: 31323887 PMCID: PMC6679557 DOI: 10.3390/s19143169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Totally water-soluble N-doped Carbon dots (N-CDs) were synthesized by a green hydrothermal method from biomass using Highland barley as a carbon source and ethanediamine as nitrogen source. TEM and XRD showed the graphitic amorphous structure and narrow diameter distribution of these N-CDs. N-doping to the crystal lattice and carrying many hydrophilic groups on the surface of N-CDs were verified by XPS and FT-IR. The as-synthesized N-CDs emitted strong blue fluorescence at 480 nm and owned a relatively high quantum yield of 14.4%. The product also could sensitively and selectively detect Hg2+ ions in the range of 10-160 μM and the limit of detection was equal to 0.48 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadian Xie
- Chemical Engineering College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Dandan Cheng
- School of Life Science, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Xingliang Liu
- Chemical Engineering College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Aixia Han
- Chemical Engineering College, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
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22
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Pudza MY, Abidin ZZ, Abdul‐Rashid S, Yassin FM, Noor ASM, Abdullah M. Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Tapioca. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Musa Y. Pudza
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Zurina Z. Abidin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Suraya Abdul‐Rashid
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Faizah Md. Yassin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ahmad S. M Noor
- Department of Computer and Communication System EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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23
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Jia J, Lin B, Gao Y, Jiao Y, Li L, Dong C, Shuang S. Highly luminescent N-doped carbon dots from black soya beans for free radical scavenging, Fe 3+ sensing and cellular imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 211:363-372. [PMID: 30593946 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The novel N doped carbon dots (N-CDs) were readily fabricated through one-step pyrolysis method from black soya beans. The obtained N-CDs possessed excellent photoluminescence properties with quantum yield of 38.7 ± 0.64% and dual responsive properties towards free radical and Fe3+. The N-CDs exhibited favorable radical scavenging activity (RSA) against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide anion radicals. Fe3+ could induce photoluminescence quenching of N-CDs through static quenching characteristics. The possible quenching mechanism was presented. Combining with negligible toxicity and preferable biocompatibility, the N-CDs were extended to imaging intracellular Fe3+. As an attractive candidate, the N-CDs demonstrated a great potential in free radical scavenging, sensing and cellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering Research, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering Research, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yifang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering Research, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuan Jiao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering Research, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Chuan Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering Research, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center of Environmental Science and Engineering Research, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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24
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Jayanthi M, Megarajan S, Subramaniyan SB, Kamlekar RK, Veerappan A. A convenient green method to synthesize luminescent carbon dots from edible carrot and its application in bioimaging and preparation of nanocatalyst. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Yang X, Chang J, Liu Z, Jiang K. Fish-scale-derived carbon dots as efficient fluorescent nanoprobes for detection of ferric ions. RSC Adv 2019; 9:940-949. [PMID: 35517605 PMCID: PMC9059499 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09471c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, highly fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) with the incorporation of N and O functionalities were prepared through a facile and cost-effective hydrothermal reaction using fish scales of the crucian carp as the precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
| | - Zhiyong Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine
- Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang 453003
- PR China
| | - Jiuli Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
| | - Ziyan Liu
- Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Xinxiang City
- Xinxiang 453000
- PR China
| | - Kai Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
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26
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Wei Z, Wang B, Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhang H, Zhang S, Chang J, Lu S. Green synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots from Allium fistulosum for cell imaging. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05783d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots were synthesised via Allium fistulosum, that exhibit low cytotoxicity and provide good optical stability for cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Boyang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Zhongyi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
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27
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Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped highly luminescent carbon dots for sensitive detection of Cd (II) ions and living cell imaging applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 186:144-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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28
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Atchudan R, Edison TNJI, Aseer KR, Perumal S, Lee YR. Hydrothermal conversion of Magnolia liliiflora into nitrogen-doped carbon dots as an effective turn-off fluorescence sensing, multi-colour cell imaging and fluorescent ink. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 169:321-328. [PMID: 29800907 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present work illustrates the potential uses of nitrogen-doped multi-fluorescent carbon dots (N-CDs) for Fe3+ sensing, cellular multi-colour imaging, and fluorescent ink. N-CDs were synthesized using Magnolia liliiflora flower by the simple hydrothermal method. The resulted N-CDs was found to be nearly spherical in shape with the size of about 4 ± 1 nm and showed competitive quantum yield around 11%. The synthesized N-CDs with uniform size distribution and high content of nitrogen and oxygen-bearing functional groups exhibit excellent dispersibility in aqueous media. The N-CDs were able to detect a high concentration of Fe3+ ions (1-1000 μM) with a limit of detection is about 1.2 μM by forming N-CDs-Fe3+ complex due to the functional groups such as nitrogen, carbonyl and carboxyl on the surface of N-CDs. Thus they could be used to remove pollutants from industrial wastewater. The electronic charge on the surface of the N-CDs and N-CDs-Fe3+ complex (zeta potential) is around -36 and 18 mV, respectively. In addition, these N-CDs show excitation-dependent fluorescence that was utilized for multi-colour in vitro cellular imaging in rat liver cells (Clone 9 hepatocytes). The N-CDs are rapidly uptake in the cell cytoplasm and showed high cytocompatibility on cellular morphology. Moreover, as the N-CDs possess strong fluorescence and anti-coagulation they could be utilized in fluorescent ink pens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Kanikkai Raja Aseer
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Suguna Perumal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Liu W, Cui Y, Li T, Diao H, Wei S, Li L, Chang H, Zhang B, Wei W. Green and Facile Synthesis of Highly Photoluminescent Nitrogen-doped Carbon Dots for Sensors and Cell Imaging. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.171155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030-024, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030-001, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Cui
- Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030-012, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030-001, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Diao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030-001, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyan Wei
- Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030-012, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030-001, P. R. China
| | - Honghong Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030-024, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030-024, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030-024, P. R. China
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30
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Hua J, Yang J, Zhu Y, Zhao C, Yang Y. Highly fluorescent carbon quantum dots as nanoprobes for sensitive and selective determination of mercury (II) in surface waters. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 187:149-155. [PMID: 28683370 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A novel carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was successfully prepared through one-step green hydrothermal method using polyacrylamide as carbon source. The prepared CQDs were characterized using TEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The CQDs was demonstrated as nanoprobes for mercury ion detection, moreover, it demonstrated excitation-dependent and superior stability in acidic and alkaline media. Besides, the probe exhibited a good linearity range (0.25-50μM) and a low detection limit (13.48nM). These attractive properties indicated that this novel CQDs can adapt to a variety of complex pH environment, which had extensive prospect and promising application for detection of mercury ions in complex water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Hua
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Central Monitoring Center of Kunming City, Yunnan Province 650228, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Central Monitoring Center of Kunming City, Yunnan Province 650228, China
| | - Chunxi Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China
| | - Yaling Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province 650500, China.
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31
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Zhao Y, Mu L, Su Y, Shi L, Feng X. Pt-Ni nanoframes functionalized with carbon dots: an emerging class of bio-nanoplatforms. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6233-6236. [PMID: 32264438 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01678f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We designed a unique and novel bio-nanoplatform based on Pt-Ni nanoframes (PNnf) functionalized with carbon dots via the EDC/NHS coupling chemistry. The PNnf with open three-dimensional surfaces exhibited excellent water solubility after polyethylenimine modification. Due to low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility, the bio-nanoplatforms were firstly used for MCF-7 cell imaging in vitro. More importantly, the design strategy can be readily generalized to facilitate other multi-functional bio-nanoplatforms for biological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
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32
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Carbon quantum dots originated from chitin nanofibers as a fluorescent chemoprobe for drug sensing. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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33
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Ye Q, Yan F, Luo Y, Wang Y, Zhou X, Chen L. Formation of N, S-codoped fluorescent carbon dots from biomass and their application for the selective detection of mercury and iron ion. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 173:854-862. [PMID: 27816885 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Biomass is regarded as an excellent candidate for the preparation of heteroatom-doped carbon nanomaterials. We have developed a simple and facile one-pot synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur codoped fluorescent carbon dots from pigeon feathers, egg and manure via the pyrolysis carbonization method. The as-prepared four PCDs have high fluorescence quantum yield about 24.87% (PCDs-f), 17.48% (PCDs-w), 16.34% (PCDs-y), 33.50% (PCDs-m), respectively, which is higher than the other carbon dots preparing from biomass. We found that the preparation of PCDs-m with pigeon manure has no favourable selectively with heavy metal ions. However, other PCDs exhibit highly sensitive and selective detection behavior of Hg2+/Fe3+ ions with a low detection limit of 10.3 and 60.9nM. They were applied to imaging of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, showing low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Fanyong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Yunmei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory for Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical College, China
| | - Yinyin Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xuguang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
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34
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Shen P, Gao J, Cong J, Liu Z, Li C, Yao J. Synthesis of Cellulose-Based Carbon Dots for Bioimaging. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peilian Shen
- The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile; Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education; National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang); College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Junkuo Gao
- The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile; Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education; National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang); College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Jingkun Cong
- The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile; Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education; National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang); College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile; Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education; National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang); College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Changqing Li
- The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile; Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education; National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang); College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
| | - Juming Yao
- The Key laboratory of Advanced Textile; Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education; National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang); College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 P. R. China
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35
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Liu X, Wei Z, Wu M, Zhang X, Zhang D, Li B, Liu J. A highly stable and biocompatible optical bioimaging nanoprobe based on carbon nanospheres. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02754g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, a facile one-step synthesis strategy has been developed for producing fluorescent carbon nanospheres (CNs) using lactobionic acid (LBA) as a precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province
- Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province
| | - Zuwu Wei
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province
- Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province
| | - Ming Wu
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province
- Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province
- Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province
| | - Da Zhang
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province
- Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province
| | - Buhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The Liver Center of Fujian Province
- Fujian Medical University
- Fuzhou
- People’s Republic of China
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province
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36
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Parvin N, Mandal TK. Synthesis of a highly fluorescence nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots bioimaging probe and its in vivo clearance and printing applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly fluorescent, broad range pH and ionic-stable N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were successfully synthesized and their chemical structure and fluorescence mechanism were characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nargish Parvin
- Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Tapas K. Mandal
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Department of Biotechnology
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37
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Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Feng X, Fang J, Shi L. TEMPO-mediated oxidized nanocellulose incorporating with its derivatives of carbon dots for luminescent hybrid films. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17242j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Transparent, photoluminescent hybrid film was constructed using nanocellulose as fibrous network skeleton and CDs derived from nanocellulose as fluorescent nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoquan Jiang
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Yafei Zhao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Feng
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Fang
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200093
- P. R. China
| | - Liyi Shi
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
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38
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Bandi R, Gangapuram BR, Dadigala R, Eslavath R, Singh SS, Guttena V. Facile and green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from onion waste and their potential applications as sensor and multicolour imaging agents. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01669c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, green approach for the synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon dots with 28% quantum yield by utilizing onion waste as precursor and employing a simple autoclave is reported, and applied them as Fe3+ sensor & multi-coloured imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Bandi
- Department of Chemistry
- Osmania University
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
| | | | | | | | - Surya S. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry
- Osmania University
- Hyderabad 500007
- India
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39
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Gogoi S, Kumar M, Mandal BB, Karak N. A renewable resource based carbon dot decorated hydroxyapatite nanohybrid and its fabrication with waterborne hyperbranched polyurethane for bone tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02341j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dot decorated hydroxyapatite/water borne hyperbranched polyurethane nanocomposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyabrat Gogoi
- Advanced Polymer & Nanomaterial Laboratory
- Center for Polymer Science & Technology
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- India
| | - Manishekhar Kumar
- Biomaterial & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Biman B. Mandal
- Biomaterial & Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Niranjan Karak
- Advanced Polymer & Nanomaterial Laboratory
- Center for Polymer Science & Technology
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- India
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40
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Zhao Y, Shi L, Fang J, Feng X. Bio-nanoplatforms based on carbon dots conjugating with F-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite for cellular imaging. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:20033-20041. [PMID: 26568461 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have shown great promise in a wide range of bioapplications due to their tunable optical properties and noncytotoxicity. For the first time, a rational strategy was designed to construct new bio-nanoplatforms based on carboxylic acid terminated CDs (CDs-COOH) conjugating with amino terminated F-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite (NFAp) via EDC/NHS coupling chemistry. The monodisperse NFAp nanorods were functionalized with o-phosphoethanolamine (PEA) to provide them with amino groups and render them hydrophilic with respect to the ligand exchange process. The CDs-COOH@PEA-NFAp conjugates exhibits bright blue fluorescence under UV illumination, excellent photostability and colloidal stability. Due to their low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility as determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, the CDs-COOH@PEA-NFAp conjugates were successfully applied as bio-nanoplatforms to MCF-7 breast cancer cells for cellular imaging in vitro. More importantly, the functional CDs conjugated to NFAp provide an extended and general approach to construct different water-soluble NFAp bio-nanoplatforms for other easily functionalised luminescent materials. Therefore, these green nanoplatforms may be a prospective candidate for applications in bioimaging or targeted biological therapy and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
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