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Hedayati S, Tarahi M, Iraji A, Hashempur MH. Recent developments in the encapsulation of lavender essential oil. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103229. [PMID: 38878587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The unregulated and extensive application of synthetic compounds, such as preservatives, pesticides, and drugs, poses serious concerns to the environment, food security, and global health. Essential oils (EOs) are valid alternatives to these synthetic chemicals due to their therapeutic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. Lavender essential oil (LEO) can be potentially applied in food, cosmetic, textile, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries. However, its bioactivity can be compromised by its poor stability and solubility, which severely restrict its industrial applications. Encapsulation techniques can improve the functionality of LEO and preserve its bioactivity during storage. This review reports recent advances in the encapsulation of LEO by different methods, such as liposomes, emulsification, spray drying, complex coacervation, inclusion complexation, and electrospinning. It also outlines the effects of different processing conditions and carriers on the stability, physicochemical properties, and release behavior of encapsulated LEO. Moreover, this review focuses on the applications of encapsulated LEO in different food and non-food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hedayati
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tarahi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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2
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Shlosman K, Rein DM, Shemesh R, Cohen Y. Lyophilized Emulsions of Thymol and Eugenol Essential Oils Encapsulated in Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1422. [PMID: 38794616 PMCID: PMC11125086 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Efforts to tap into the broad antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antioxidant activities of essential oils (EOs) are limited due to their strong odor and susceptibility to light and oxidation. Encapsulation of EOs and subsequent drying overcome these limitations and extend their applications. This study characterized freeze-dried (lyophilized) emulsions of eugenol (EU) and thymol (TY) EOs, encapsulated by chemically unmodified cellulose, a sustainable and low-cost resource. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy showed successful lyophilization. While the observed "flake-like" structure of the powders differed significantly from that of the emulsified microcapsules, useful properties were retained. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of EOs in their corresponding powders and thermo-gravimetric analysis demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (87-88%), improved thermal stability and resistance to evaporation, and slow EO release rates in comparison to their free forms. The lightweight and low-cost cellulose encapsulation, together with the results showing retained properties of the dried powder, enable the use of EOs in applications requiring high temperatures, such as EO incorporation into polymer films, that can be used to protect agricultural crops from microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koranit Shlosman
- The Interdepartmental Program in Polymer Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
- R&D and Customer Service Department Carmel Olefins Ltd., Haifa 31014, Israel;
| | - Dmitry M. Rein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Rotem Shemesh
- R&D and Customer Service Department Carmel Olefins Ltd., Haifa 31014, Israel;
| | - Yachin Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
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Woźniak-Budych M, Staszak K, Wieszczycka K, Bajek A, Staszak M, Roszkowski S, Giamberini M, Tylkowski B. Microplastic label in microencapsulation field - Consequence of shell material selection. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133000. [PMID: 38029585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plastics make our lives easier in many ways; however, if they are not appropriately disposed of or recycled, they may end up in the environment where they stay for centuries and degrade into smaller and smaller pieces, called microplastics. Each year, approximately 42000 tonnes of microplastics end up in the environment when products containing them are used. According to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) one of the significant sources of microplastics are microcapsules formulated in home care and consumer care products. As part of the EU's plastics strategy, ECHA has proposed new regulations to ban intentionally added microplastics starting from 2022. It means that the current cross-linked microcapsules widely applied in consumer goods must be transformed into biodegradable shell capsules. The aim of this review is to provide the readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of recent developments in the art of microencapsulation. Thus, considering the chemical structure of the capsule shell's materials, we discuss whether microcapsules should also be categorized as microplastic and therefore, feared and avoided or whether they should be used despite the persisting concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak-Budych
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Wieszczycka
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bajek
- Tissue Engineering Department, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, ul. Karlowicza str 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Szymon Roszkowski
- Department of Geriatrics, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, ul. Jagiellonska 13/15, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Giamberini
- Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Tecnologia Química, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health Science, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, ul. Sklodowskiej Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Goli SAH, Keramat S, Soleimanian-Zad S, Ghasemi Baghabrishami R. Antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy of microencapsulated mustard essential oil against Escherichia coli and Salmonella Enteritidis in mayonnaise. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 410:110484. [PMID: 37977079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pure and encapsulated mustard essential oil (MEO) on the shelf life of mayonnaise and its ability to be an alternative for synthetic preservatives. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) indicated higher sensitivity of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) (MIC: 512 ppm, MBC: 1024 ppm) than Salmonella Enteritidis (S. enteritidis) (MIC: 1024 ppm, MBC: 2048 ppm) to MEO. Mayonnaise samples, were subsequently prepared according to the determined MIC and MBC of MEO for microbial analysis and physicochemical analysis. The antimicrobial activity of MEO in mayonnaise over 40-day storage indicated that the application of free and encapsulated MEO could inhibit the growth of target bacteria. In addition, the oxidative stability of mayonnaise samples exhibited decreasing trends over the storage time. At the end of the storage, the control sample without any preservatives revealed the highest peroxide value (3.59 meq O2 /kg of oil) whereas the sample containing 4096 ppm encapsulated MEO (2 meq O2/kg of oil) exhibited better oxidative stability, following t-butyl-hydroxyquinone (TBHQ) (1.84 meq O2 /kg of oil) as commercial antioxidant. Interestingly, the application of 2048 and 4096 ppm encapsulated essential oil had no undesirable effect on overall acceptance of mayonnaise, while the application of pure MEO at the same concentrations negatively affected the color, odor, taste and overall acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Amir Hossein Goli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran.
| | - Sara Keramat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Sabihe Soleimanian-Zad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Ghasemi Baghabrishami
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran
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Pandey VK, Tripathi A, Srivastava S, Dar AH, Singh R, Farooqui A, Pandey S. Exploiting the bioactive properties of essential oils and their potential applications in food industry. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:885-902. [PMID: 37123062 PMCID: PMC10130317 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits are an abundant source of minerals and nutrients. High nutritional value and easy-to-consume property have increased its demand. In a way to fulfil this need, farmers have increased production, thus making it available for consumers in various regions. This distribution of fruits to various regions deals with many associated problems like deterioration and spoilage. In a way, the common practices that are being used are stored at low temperatures, preservation with chemicals, and many more. Recently, edible coating has emerged as a promising preservation technique to combat the above-mentioned problems. Edible coating stands for coating fruits with bioactive compounds which maintains the nutritional characteristics of fruit and also enhances the shelf life. The property of edible coating to control moisture loss, solute movement, gas exchange, and oxidation makes it most suitable to use. Preservation is uplifted by maintaining the nutritional and physicochemical properties of fruits with the effectiveness of essential oils. The essential oil contains antioxidant, antimicrobial, flavor, and probiotic properties. The utilization of essential oil in the edible coating has increased the property of coating. This review includes the process of extraction, potential benefits and applications of essential oils in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, UP India
- Department of Biotechnology, Axis Institute of Higher Education, Kanpur, UP India
| | - Anjali Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Axis Institute of Higher Education, Kanpur, UP India
| | | | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, UP India
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, UP India
| | - Sneha Pandey
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP India
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Chmiel M, Drzymała G, Bocianowski J, Komnenić A, Baran A, Synowiec A. Maltodextrin-Coated Peppermint and Caraway Essential Oils Effects on Soil Microbiota. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3343. [PMID: 36501384 PMCID: PMC9739318 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils exhibit strong antimicrobial effects that can serve as a substitute for synthetic pesticides. However, many reports mention the use of essential oils in protecting above-ground plant organs and storing raw materials and seeds, but only a few address the effects of treatments on soil microbiota. Regarding this, it is necessary to find a solution that will prevent the rapid degradation of oils in soil and extend the period of their action on the soil microbiota. The solution to this problem can be microencapsulation, where the choice of carrier plays a key role. In our experiment, maltodextrin was studied, often used in the microencapsulation of essential oils. It was examined independently in two doses (M1 and M2, with 50 and 200 g kg-1, respectively) and a combination with two essential oils known for their antimicrobial activity. We hypothesized that the selected microbial communities would react differently to the stress caused by maltodextrin-encapsulated essential oils. The serial dilution method assessed the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. As the goal of microencapsulation was to prolong the effect of essential oils, their reaction was observed over a longer period. The soil microbial populations were examined in sandy and loamy soil at 1, 7, 14, and 78 days after encapsulated essential oils were mixed with the soil samples. In both types of soil, a significant increase in bacteria and actinomycetes was observed with maltodextrin in both doses. Encapsulated peppermint and caraway oils had different effects on microbes, both inhibitory and stimulatory. It is also important to note that peppermint with a smaller dose of maltodextrin significantly inhibited the growth of fungi in sandy soil in all measurements, as well as that caraway oil with a higher dose of maltodextrin significantly stimulated the growth of bacteria and actinomycetes in sandy soil. The higher dose of maltodextrin could explain this stimulation. Further research is recommended to test different doses of essential oils and maltodextrin, which would lead to the optimal dose of both wall and core materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chmiel
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, The University of Agriculture in Kraków, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Drzymała
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, The University of Agriculture in Kraków, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Andreja Komnenić
- Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Biotechnical Faculty Podgorica, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, The University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Synowiec
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, The University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
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Cao Z, Zhou D, Ge X, Luo Y, Su J. The role of essential oils in maintaining the postharvest quality and preservation of peach and other fruits. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14513. [PMID: 36385402 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fruits are highly susceptible to postharvest losses induced majorly by postharvest diseases. Peach are favored by consumers because of their high nutritional value and delicious taste. However, it was easy to be affected by fungal infection. The current effective method to control postharvest diseases of fruits is to use chemical fungicides, but these chemicals may cause adverse effects on human health and the residual was potentially harmful to nature and the environment. So, it is especially important to develop safe, non-toxic, and highly effective strategies for the preservation of the fruits. Essential oil, as a class of the natural bacterial inhibitor, has been proven to exhibit strong antibacterial activity, low toxicity, environmental friendliness, and induce fruit resistance to microorganism, which could be recognized as one of the alternatives to chemical fungicides. This paper reviews the research progress of essential oils (Eos) in the storage and preservation of fruits, especially the application in peach, as well as the application in active packaging such as edible coatings, microcapsules, and electrospinning loading. Electrospinning can prepare a variety of nanofibers from different viscoelastic polymer solutions, and has broad application prospects. The paper especially summarizes the application of the new Eos technology on peach. The essential oil with thymol, eugenol, and carvacrol as the main components has a better inhibitory effect on the postharvest disease of peaches, and can be further applied. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: As an environmentally friendly natural antibacterial agent, essential oil can be used as a substitute for chemical preservatives to keep fruits fresh. This paper summarizes the different preservation methods of essential oils for fruits, and especially summarizes the different preservation methods of essential oils for peaches after harvesting, as well as their inhibitory effects on pathogenic fungi. It could provide ideas for preservation of fruits and vegetables by essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Cao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Ge
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Luo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Nano-technology platforms to increase the antibacterial drug suitability of essential oils: A drug prospective assessment. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Amani F, Azadi A, Rezaei A, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Preparation of soluble complex carriers from Aloe vera mucilage/gelatin for cinnamon essential oil: Characterization and antibacterial activity. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sabry BA, Badr AN, Ahmed KA, Desoukey MA, Mohammed DM. Utilizing lemon peel extract and its nano-emulsion to control aflatoxin toxicity in rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Phytochemistry, pharmacological investigations, industrial applications, and encapsulation of Thymbra capitata L., a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hemp protein isolate – gum Arabic complex coacervates as a means for oregano essential oil encapsulation. Comparison with whey protein isolate – gum Arabic system. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kurrimboccus F, Orchard A, Danckwerts MP, van Vuuren S. Antimicrobial Formulation of Chrysopogon zizanioides Essential Oil in an Emulsified Lotion for Acne. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1256-1262. [PMID: 34963181 DOI: 10.1055/a-1699-3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acne is a skin condition arising from excess sebum production and microbial overgrowth within the pilosebaceous unit. Several commercial essential oils have shown promising activity against acne-related pathogens. Due to their volatility and thermal instability, the formulation of essential oils into commercial products remains a pharmaceutical challenge. Thus, this study aimed to develop a viable anti-acne topical treatment as an oil-in-water emulsified lotion to overcome these challenges. Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) displayed noteworthy antimicrobial activity with a mean minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.14 mg/mL against Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Emulsified lotions containing C. zizanioides were developed through the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance approach. At tested hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values of 8, 9, and 10, C. zizanioides emulsified lotions displayed maximum stability at hydrophilic-lipophilic balance 9 with a minimum change in mean droplet size and polydispersity index of 20.61 and 33.33%, respectively, over 84 days. The C. zizanioides emulsified lotion at optimum hydrophilic-lipophilic balance 9 completely inhibited the growth of C. acnes and killed S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. pyogenes within 24 h. Additionally, the lotion retained antimicrobial activity against these test micro-organisms over the 84-day stability test period. Thus, the C. zizanioides emulsified lotion demonstrated physical stability and antimicrobial efficiency, making it an ideal natural product anti-acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadilah Kurrimboccus
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ané Orchard
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michael Paul Danckwerts
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sandy van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Microfluidic-Based Formulation of Essential Oils-Loaded Chitosan Coated PLGA Particles Enhances Their Bioavailability and Nematocidal Activity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102030. [PMID: 36297465 PMCID: PMC9608619 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) particles were synthesized and coated with chitosan. Three essential oil (EO) components (eugenol, linalool, and geraniol) were entrapped inside these PLGA particles by using the continuous flow-focusing microfluidic method and a partially water-miscible solvent mixture (dichloromethane: acetone mixture (1:10)). Encapsulation of EO components in PLGA particles was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction, with encapsulation efficiencies 95.14%, 79.68%, and 71.34% and loading capacities 8.88%, 8.38%, and 5.65% in particles entrapped with eugenol, linalool, and geraniol, respectively. The EO components’ dissociation from the loaded particles exhibited an initial burst release in the first 8 h followed by a sustained release phase at significantly slower rates from the coated particles, extending beyond 5 days. The EO components encapsulated in chitosan coated particles up to 5 μg/mL were not cytotoxic to bovine gut cell line (FFKD-1-R) and had no adverse effect on cell growth and membrane integrity compared with free EO components or uncoated particles. Chitosan coated PLGA particles loaded with combined EO components (10 µg/mL) significantly inhibited the motility of the larval stage of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus axei by 76.9%, and completely inhibited the motility of adult worms (p < 0.05). This nematocidal effect was accompanied by considerable cuticular damage in the treated worms, reflecting a synergistic effect of the combined EO components and an additive effect of chitosan. These results show that encapsulation of EO components, with a potent anthelmintic activity, in chitosan coated PLGA particles improve the bioavailability and efficacy of EO components against ovine gastrointestinal nematodes.
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Tavares L, Zapata Noreña CP, Barros HL, Smaoui S, Lima PS, Marques de Oliveira M. Rheological and structural trends on encapsulation of bioactive compounds of essential oils: A global systematic review of recent research. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Chaudhari AK, Singh VK, Das S, Kujur A, Deepika, Dubey NK. Unveiling the cellular and molecular mode of action of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell. essential oil against aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus isolated from stored maize samples. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Eluting Porous Silicon Microparticles Mitigate Cariogenic Biofilms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071428. [PMID: 35890323 PMCID: PMC9322055 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries, a preventable disease, is caused by highly-adherent, acid-producing biofilms composed of bacteria and yeasts. Current caries-preventive approaches are ineffective in controlling biofilm development. Recent studies demonstrate definite advantages in using natural compounds such as trans-cinnamaldehyde in thwarting biofilm assembly, and yet, the remarkable difficulty in delivering such hydrophobic bioactive molecules prevents further development. To address this critical challenge, we have developed an innovative platform composed of components with a proven track record of safety. We fabricated and thoroughly characterised porous silicon (pSi) microparticles to carry and deliver the natural phenyl propanoid trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC). We investigated its effects on preventing the development of cross-kingdom biofilms (Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans), typical of dental caries found in children. The prepared pSi microparticles were roughly cubic in structure with 70–75% porosity, to which the TC (pSi-TC) was loaded with about 45% efficiency. The pSi-TC particles exhibited a controlled release of the cargo over a 14-day period. Notably, pSi-TC significantly inhibited biofilms, specifically downregulating the glucan synthesis pathways, leading to reduced adhesion to the substrate. Acid production, a vital virulent trait for caries development, was also hindered by pSi-TC. This pioneering study highlights the potential to develop the novel pSi-TC as a dental caries-preventive material.
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Nanomedicine as an Emerging Technology to Foster Application of Essential Oils to Fight Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070793. [PMID: 35890092 PMCID: PMC9320655 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural prodrugs extracted from plants are increasingly used in many sectors, including the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Among these prodrugs, essential oils (EOs) are of particular importance. These biologically active volatile oily liquids are produced by medicinal and aromatic plants and characterized by a distinctive odor. EOs possess high anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant potential but often are associated with low stability; high volatility; and a high risk of deterioration with exposure to heat, humidity, light, or oxygen. Furthermore, their bioavailability is limited because they are not soluble in water, and enhancements are needed to increase their potential to target specific cells or tissues, as well as for controlled release. Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology in medicine, may offer efficient solutions to these problems. The technology is based on creating nanostructures in which the natural prodrug is connected to or encapsulated in nanoparticles or submicron-sized capsules that ensure their solubility in water and their targeting properties, as well as controlled delivery. The potential of EOs as anticancer prodrugs is considerable but not fully exploited. This review focusses on the recent progress towards the practical application of EOs in cancer therapy based on nanotechnology applications.
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The Efficiency of Lemon Essential Oil-Based Nanoemulsions on the Inhibition of Phomopsis sp. and Reduction of Postharvest Decay of Kiwifruit. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101510. [PMID: 35627080 PMCID: PMC9140209 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have excellent antibacterial activity and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food preservatives. However, the application of EOs is limited because of their strong volatility and easily oxidized. Encapsulation of EOs into nanoemulsions could effectively prevent oxidative deterioration. In this study, lemon essential oil-based nanoemulsion (LEO/NE) was prepared by high-pressure homogenization. FT-IR and encapsulation efficiency analysis indicated that LEO was effectively encapsulated in the nanoemulsion. The results of zeta potential changes after 35 d storage indicated that LEO/NE exhibits good stability at room temperature. The effect of LEO/NE on the main soft rot pathogens of kiwifruit Phomopsis sp. was investigated, and the results showed that LEO/NE significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelia growth of Phomopsis sp. by promoting ROS accumulation, intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities, and cell apoptosis. The preservation experiment was carried out by inoculating Phomopsis sp. spores into fresh kiwifruit, and the LEO/NE effectively inhibited soft rot development in kiwifruit in a LEO dose dependent manner. LEO/NE with 1% LEO loading amount has a good effect on preventing postharvest decay of kiwifruit caused by Phomopsis sp.
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Abstract
Citrus essential oils (EOs) are widely used as flavoring agents in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetical and chemical industries. For this reason, their demand is constantly increasing all over the world. Besides industrial applications, the abundance of EOs in the epicarp is particularly relevant for the quality of citrus fruit. In fact, these compounds represent a natural protection against postharvest deteriorations due to their remarkable antimicrobial, insecticidal and antioxidant activities. Several factors, including genotype, climatic conditions and cultural practices, can influence the assortment and accumulation of EOs in citrus peels. This review is focused on factors influencing variation of the EOs’ composition during ripening and on the implications on postharvest quality of the fruit.
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El Mihyaoui A, Esteves da Silva JCG, Charfi S, Candela Castillo ME, Lamarti A, Arnao MB. Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): A Review of Ethnomedicinal Use, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Uses. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040479. [PMID: 35454969 PMCID: PMC9032859 DOI: 10.3390/life12040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricaria chamomilla L. is a famous medicinal plant distributed worldwide. It is widely used in traditional medicine to treat all kinds of diseases, including infections, neuropsychiatric, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and liver disorders. It is also used as a sedative, antispasmodic, antiseptic, and antiemetic. In this review, reports on M. chamomilla taxonomy, botanical and ecology description, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, biological and pharmacological properties, possible application in different industries, and encapsulation were critically gathered and summarized. Scientific search engines such as Web of Science, PubMed, Wiley Online, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar were used to gather data on M. chamomilla. The phytochemistry composition of essential oils and extracts of M. chamomilla has been widely analyzed, showing that the plant contains over 120 constituents. Essential oils are generally composed of terpenoids, such as α-bisabolol and its oxides A and B, bisabolone oxide A, chamazulene, and β-farnesene, among other compounds. On the other hand, M. chamomilla extracts were dominated by phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and coumarins. In addition, M. chamomilla demonstrated several biological properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-parasitic, insecticidal, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. These activities allow the application of M. chamomilla in the medicinal and veterinary field, food preservation, phytosanitary control, and as a surfactant and anti-corrosive agent. Finally, the encapsulation of M. chamomilla essential oils or extracts allows the enhancement of its biological activities and improvement of its applications. According to the findings, the pharmacological activities of M. chamomilla confirm its traditional uses. Indeed, M. chamomilla essential oils and extracts showed interesting antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, anti-pyretic, anti-allergic, and analgesic activities. Moreover, the most important application of M. chamomilla was in the medicinal field on animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina El Mihyaoui
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.E.M.); (M.E.C.C.)
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco;
- CIQ(UP)—Research Center in Chemistry, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
- CIQ(UP)—Research Center in Chemistry, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Saoulajan Charfi
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco;
| | - María Emilia Candela Castillo
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.E.M.); (M.E.C.C.)
| | - Ahmed Lamarti
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco;
| | - Marino B. Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.E.M.); (M.E.C.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Zubair M, Shahzad S, Hussain A, Pradhan RA, Arshad M, Ullah A. Current Trends in the Utilization of Essential Oils for Polysaccharide- and Protein-Derived Food Packaging Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061146. [PMID: 35335477 PMCID: PMC8950623 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have received attention in the food industry for developing biopolymer-derived food packaging materials. EOs are an excellent choice to replace petroleum-derived additives in food packaging materials due to their abundance in nature, eco-friendliness, and superior antimicrobial and antioxidant attributes. Thus far, EOs have been used in cellulose-, starch-, chitosan-, and protein-based food packaging materials. Biopolymer-based materials have lower antioxidant and antibacterial properties in comparison with their counterparts, and are not suitable for food packaging applications. Various synthetic-based compounds are being used to improve the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of biopolymers. However, natural essential oils are sustainable and non-harmful alternatives to synthetic antimicrobial and antioxidant agents for use in biopolymer-derived food packaging materials. The incorporation of EOs into the polymeric matrix affects their physicochemical properties, particularly improving their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. EOs in the food packaging materials increase the shelf life of the packaged food, inhibit the growth of microorganisms, and provide protection against oxidation. Essential oils also influence other properties, such as tensile, barrier, and optical properties of the biopolymers. This review article gives a detailed overview of the use of EOs in biopolymer-derived food packaging materials. The innovative ways of incorporating of EOs into food packaging materials are also highlighted, and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Lab# 540, South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (M.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Sohail Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan;
| | - Ajaz Hussain
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan;
| | - Rehan Ali Pradhan
- Biopolymer Innovation Head, Yash Pakka Limited, Ayodhya 224135, UP, India;
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Lab# 540, South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (M.Z.); (M.A.)
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Lab# 540, South Academic Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; (M.Z.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Wongchompoo W, Buntem R. Microencapsulation of camphor using trimethylsilylcellulose. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Mukurumbira A, Shellie R, Keast R, Palombo E, Jadhav S. Encapsulation of essential oils and their application in antimicrobial active packaging. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Saeed K, Pasha I, Jahangir Chughtai MF, Ali Z, Bukhari H, Zuhair M. Application of essential oils in food industry: challenges and innovation. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2029776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanza Saeed
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Imran Pasha
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | | | - Hina Bukhari
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad Pakistan
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Plati F, Paraskevopoulou A. Micro- and Nano-encapsulation as Tools for Essential Oils Advantages’ Exploitation in Food Applications: the Case of Oregano Essential Oil. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Chang Y, Harmon PF, Treadwell DD, Carrillo D, Sarkhosh A, Brecht JK. Biocontrol Potential of Essential Oils in Organic Horticulture Systems: From Farm to Fork. Front Nutr 2022; 8:805138. [PMID: 35096947 PMCID: PMC8792766 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.805138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to food safety and organic horticulture. Thus, people are looking for natural products to manage plant diseases, pests, and weeds. Essential oils (EOs) or EO-based products are potentially promising candidates for biocontrol agents due to their safe, bioactive, biodegradable, ecologically, and economically viable properties. Born of necessity or commercial interest to satisfy market demand for natural products, this emerging technology is highly anticipated, but its application has been limited without the benefit of a thorough analysis of the scientific evidence on efficacy, scope, and mechanism of action. This review covers the uses of EOs as broad-spectrum biocontrol agents in both preharvest and postharvest systems. The known functions of EOs in suppressing fungi, bacteria, viruses, pests, and weeds are briefly summarized. Related results and possible modes of action from recent research are listed. The weaknesses of applying EOs are also discussed, such as high volatility and low stability, low water solubility, strong influence on organoleptic properties, and phytotoxic effects. Therefore, EO formulations and methods of incorporation to enhance the strengths and compensate for the shortages are outlined. This review also concludes with research directions needed to better understand and fully evaluate EOs and provides an outlook on the prospects for future applications of EOs in organic horticulture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Chang
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Philip F. Harmon
- Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Danielle D. Treadwell
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Daniel Carrillo
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, United States
| | - Ali Sarkhosh
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jeffrey K. Brecht
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Low energy nanoemulsions as carriers for essential oils in topical formulations for antioxidant skin protection. HEMIJSKA INDUSTRIJA 2022. [DOI: 10.2298/hemind210509004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study several essential oils (EOs): basil - BA, lemon balm - LB and
oregano - OR were incorporated into nanoemulsions (NEs) as prospective
carriers for natural and sensitive bioactives. NEs were prepared via the
phase inversion composition (PIC) method, which is an energy-efficient cold
process. Physicochemical stability of NEs was confirmed by particle size
distribution analysis, electrical conductivity and pH value measurements, as
well as by optical microscopy observations. The type of EO and the
surfactant and oil mix concentration were found to be crucial factors
governing the NE properties and stability. Raman spectra of the EOs
confirmed main active ingredients and provided detection of interactions
with the nanocarrier, which is a novel application of this technique. The
antioxidant activity towards DPPH radical in methanol was
concentration-dependent with a similar trend for individual oils and
oil-loaded NEs (OR> LB> BA). However, the ABTS test in an aqueous medium
revealed notable change in the order of activity after EO nanonisation at
higher EO concentrations. Overall, it was found that OR-NE was the most
effective and stable system, since OR acted as a co-stabiliser in the NE
formulation, and its remarkably high antioxidant activity was successfully
preserved during 6 months of storage.
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29
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Sampaio CI, Bourbon AI, Gonçalves C, Pastrana LM, Dias AM, Cerqueira MA. Low energy nanoemulsions as carriers of thyme and lemon balm essential oils. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Encapsulation of volatile compounds in liquid media: Fragrances, flavors, and essential oils in commercial formulations. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 298:102544. [PMID: 34717207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The first marketed example of the application of microcapsules dates back to 1957. Since then, microencapsulation techniques and knowledge have progressed in a plethora of technological fields, and efforts have been directed toward the design of progressively more efficient carriers. The protection of payloads from the exposure to unfavorable environments indeed grants enhanced efficacy, safety, and stability of encapsulated species while allowing for a fine tuning of their release profile and longer lasting beneficial effects. Perfumes or, more generally, active-loaded microcapsules are nowadays present in a very large number of consumer products. Commercial products currently make use of rigid, stable polymer-based microcapsules with excellent release properties. However, this type of microcapsules does not meet certain sustainability requirements such as biocompatibility and biodegradability: the leaking via wastewater contributes to the alarming phenomenon of microplastic pollution with about 4% of total microplastic in the environment. Therefore, there is a need to address new issues which have been emerging in relation to the poor environmental profile of such materials. The progresses in some of the main application fields of microencapsulation, such as household care, toiletries, cosmetics, food, and pesticides are reviewed herein. The main technologies employed in microcapsules production and the mechanisms underlying the release of actives are also discussed. Both the advantages and disadvantages of every technique have been considered to allow a careful choice of the most suitable technique for a specific target application and prepare the ground for novel ideas and approaches for encapsulation strategies that we expect to be proposed within the next years.
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Formulation of wheat germ oil based on nanoemulsions to mitigate cisplatin's nephrotoxic effects. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 158:106603. [PMID: 34852296 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to fabricate wheat germ oil nanoemulsions (WGO-NEs) by using two different emulsifiers in their physical properties and their chemical structures which were Triton X-100 and Lecithin to form Triton X-100 coated WGO nanoemulsion (WGOT-NE) and Lecithin coated WGO nanoemulsion (WGOL-NE) then characterized them using Transmission Electron Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and study their biological effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The experimental study was performed on fifty male albino rats divided into 5 groups. healthy group, group injected with a single dose of cisplatin (CP), group injected with a single dose of CP then received WGO orally, group injected with a single dose of CP then received WGOL-NE and group injected a single dose of CP then received WGOT-NE. The results showed that the shape of the particles of WGOL-NE is spherical with poorly aggregation and average particle size is 161.2 nm while WGOT-NE is nearly spherical but with noticeable agglomeration and an average particle size of 194.6 nm. In the experimental study, the results showed involvement of cisplatin in nephrotoxicity through disturbance kidney function and histological examination of the cortical tissue of the kidney and increased biochemical markers related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptotic pathway. Otherwise, treatment with WGO, WGOT-NE, and WGOL-NE increased a significant amelioration in all the biochemical markers. In conclusion, WGOT-NE and WGOL-NE were more efficient than the native WGO in attenuating the kidney damage induced by CP although WGOL-NE showed the nearest results to the control group.
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Plati F, Papi R, Paraskevopoulou A. Characterization of Oregano Essential Oil ( Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum) Particles Produced by the Novel Nano Spray Drying Technique. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122923. [PMID: 34945475 PMCID: PMC8700915 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oregano essential oil (OEO), due to its wide variety of biological activities, could be a “green” alternative to chemical preservatives. On the other hand, the difficulties in its use or storage have turned researchers’ interest in encapsulation strategies as a way to face stability and handling issues. Fabrication of OEO-loaded particles, using nano spray drying technique (NSD) and whey protein isolate-maltodextrin mixtures (1:1, 1:3) as wall materials appears to be a novel and promising strategy. The obtained particles were characterized in terms of volatile composition, encapsulation efficiency, and physicochemical, molecular, morphological, and antibacterial properties. The results confirmed that encapsulation of OEO using NSD achieved high levels of powder recovery (>77%) and encapsulation efficiency (>98%) while assisting in the retention of the main bioactive compounds. The partial replacement of WPI by MD significantly affected particles’ physical properties. FTIR analyses revealed the possible structural stabilization of core and wall materials, while SEM verified the very fine size and spherical shape. Finally, antibacterial studies demonstrated their activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which is much stronger in comparison with that of pure OEO, proving the positive effect of NSD and particles’ potential in future food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotini Plati
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Rigini Papi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Adamantini Paraskevopoulou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-23-1099-7832
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Persistence Enhancement of a Promising Tick Repellent, Benzyl Isothiocyanate, by Yeast Microcarriers. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226817. [PMID: 34833912 PMCID: PMC8624053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenethyl isothiocyanate isolated from Armoracia rusticana root oil and its derivatives were tested at different doses in a bioassay designed to evaluate repellency against individual Haemaphysalis longicornis nymphs. Among the tested compounds, benzyl isothiocyanate exhibited repellency against H. longicornis nymphs at the lowest dose of 0.00625 mg/cm2, followed by phenethyl isothiocyanate (0.0125 mg/cm2) and phenyl isothiocyanate (0.025 mg/cm2). The behavioral responses of H. longicornis nymphs exposed to benzyl isothiocyanate and phenethyl isothiocyanate indicated that the mode of action of these compounds can be mainly attributed to the vapor phase. Encapsulated benzyl isothiocyanate showed repellency up to 120 min post-application at 0.1 mg/cm2, whereas pure benzyl isothiocyanate showed repellency up to 60 min post-application at 0.1 mg/cm2. The present study suggests that benzyl isothiocyanate is a potential repellent for protection against H. longicornis nymphs, and encapsulation in yeast cells may enhance the repellency effect.
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Baranauskaite J, Ockun MA, Uner B, Tas C, Ivanauskas L. Effect of the Amount of Polysorbate 80 and Oregano Essential Oil on the Emulsion Stability and Characterization Properties of Sodium Alginate Microcapsules. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206304. [PMID: 34684886 PMCID: PMC8538521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils have a high volatility that leads to evaporation and loss of their pharmacological effect when exposed to the environment. The objectives of the present work were to prepare microcapsules with oregano essential oil by extrusion using sodium alginate as a shell material and non-ionic surfactant polysorbate 80 as an emulsifier to stabilize the emulsion. The present study was aimed to evaluate the physical parameters of microcapsules and to compare the influence of the amount of emulsifier and the essential oil-to-emulsifier ratio on the capsules’ physical parameters and encapsulation efficiency; to our knowledge, the existing research had not yet revealed whether unstable emulsion affects the encapsulation efficiency of oregano essential oil. This study showed that increasing the emulsifier amount in the formulation significantly influenced encapsulation efficiency and particle size. Moreover, increasing the emulsion stability positively influenced the encapsulation efficiency. The emulsion creaming index depended on the emulsifier amount in the formulation: the highest creaming index (%) was obtained with the highest amount of polysorbate 80. However, the essential oil-to-polysorbate 80 ratio and essential oil amount did not affect the hardness of the microcapsules (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the obtained results could be promising information for production of microcapsules. Despite the fact that microencapsulation of essential oils is a promising and extremely attractive application area for the pharmaceutical industry, further basic research needs to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juste Baranauskaite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cd., Atasehir, Istanbul 34755, Turkey; (J.B.); (B.U.); (C.T.)
| | - Mehmet Ali Ockun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cd., Atasehir, Istanbul 34755, Turkey;
| | - Burcu Uner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cd., Atasehir, Istanbul 34755, Turkey; (J.B.); (B.U.); (C.T.)
| | - Cetin Tas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Kayisdagi Cd., Atasehir, Istanbul 34755, Turkey; (J.B.); (B.U.); (C.T.)
| | - Liudas Ivanauskas
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 13 Sukileliu Str., LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
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Chakraborty S, Dutta H. Use of nature‐derived antimicrobial substances as safe disinfectants and preservatives in food processing industries: A review. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Himjyoti Dutta
- Department of Food Technology Mizoram University Aizawl India
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Tavares L, Santos L, Zapata Noreña CP. Bioactive compounds of garlic: A comprehensive review of encapsulation technologies, characterization of the encapsulated garlic compounds and their industrial applicability. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sivakumar D, Tuna Gunes N, Romanazzi G. A Comprehensive Review on the Impact of Edible Coatings, Essential Oils, and Their Nano Formulations on Postharvest Decay Anthracnose of Avocados, Mangoes, and Papayas. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:711092. [PMID: 34394060 PMCID: PMC8360855 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.711092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Subtropical fruit such as avocados (Persea americana), mangoes (Mangifera indica L.), and papayas (Carica papaya L.) are economically important in international trade and predominantly exported to European destinations. These fruits are highly consumed due to their health benefits. However, due to long-distance shipping and the time required to reach the retail department stores, postharvest losses, due to postharvest decay occurring during the supply chain, affect the fruit quality on arrival at the long-distance distribution points. Currently, the use of synthetic fungicide, Prochloraz®, is used at the packing line to reduce postharvest decay and retain the overall quality of mangoes and avocados. Due to the ban imposed on the use of synthetic fungicides on fresh fruit, several studies have focused on the development of alternative technologies to retain the overall quality during marketing. Among the developed alternative technologies for commercial adoption is the use of edible coatings, such as chitosan biocontrol agents and essential oil vapors. The objective of this review is to summarize and analyze the recent advances and trends in the use of these alternative postharvest treatments on anthracnose decay in avocados, mangoes, and papayas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharini Sivakumar
- Phytochemical Food Network, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nurdan Tuna Gunes
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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Ji J, Shankar S, Royon F, Salmieri S, Lacroix M. Essential oils as natural antimicrobials applied in meat and meat products-a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:993-1009. [PMID: 34309444 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1957766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Meat and meat products are highly susceptible to the growth of micro-organism and foodborne pathogens that leads to severe economic loss and health hazards. High consumption and a considerable waste of meat and meat products result in the demand for safe and efficient preservation methods. Instead of synthetic additives, the use of natural preservative materials represents an interest. Essential oils (EOs), as the all-natural and green-label trend attributing to remarkable biological potency, have been adopted for controlling the safety and quality of meat products. Some EOs, such as thyme, cinnamon, rosemary, and garlic, showed a strong antimicrobial activity individually and in combination. To eliminate or reduce the organoleptic defects of EOs in practical application, EOs encapsulation in wall materials can improve the stability and antimicrobial ability of EOs in meat products. In this review, meat deteriorations, antimicrobial capacity (components, effectiveness, and interactions), and mechanisms of EOs are reviewed, as well as the demonstration of using encapsulation for masking intense aroma and conducting control release is presented. The use of EOs individually or in combination and encapsulated applications of EOs in meat and meat products are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Ji
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS Armand-Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shiv Shankar
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS Armand-Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fiona Royon
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS Armand-Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Salmieri
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS Armand-Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Monique Lacroix
- Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Canadian Irradiation Center, INRS Armand-Frappier, Health and Biotechnology Centre, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Pinilla CMB, Lopes NA, Brandelli A. Lipid-Based Nanostructures for the Delivery of Natural Antimicrobials. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123587. [PMID: 34208209 PMCID: PMC8230829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation can be a suitable strategy to protect natural antimicrobial substances against some harsh conditions of processing and storage and to provide efficient formulations for antimicrobial delivery. Lipid-based nanostructures, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid nanocarriers (NLCs), are valuable systems for the delivery and controlled release of natural antimicrobial substances. These nanostructures have been used as carriers for bacteriocins and other antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial enzymes, essential oils, and antimicrobial phytochemicals. Most studies are conducted with liposomes, although the potential of SLNs and NLCs as antimicrobial nanocarriers is not yet fully established. Some studies reveal that lipid-based formulations can be used for co-encapsulation of natural antimicrobials, improving their potential to control microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Mauricio Barreto Pinilla
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICTA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil; (C.M.B.P.); (N.A.L.)
| | - Nathalie Almeida Lopes
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICTA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil; (C.M.B.P.); (N.A.L.)
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICTA), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil; (C.M.B.P.); (N.A.L.)
- Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CNANO), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-51-3308-6249
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Effect of edible chitosan and cinnamon essential oil coatings on the shelf life of minimally processed pineapple (Smooth cayenne). FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Nasr G, Greige-Gerges H, Elaissari A, Khreich N. Liposome Permeability to Essential Oil Components: A Focus on Cholesterol Content. J Membr Biol 2021; 254:381-395. [PMID: 33939003 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-021-00180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation in liposomes has been an efficient strategy to improve the stability of sensitive bioactive compounds such as essential oils (EOs). However, the stability of liposomal formulations remains a key parameter controlling the delivery of encapsulated ingredients. Cholesterol (Chol) modulates the membrane properties conferring stability to the lipid bilayer. Thus, the Chol content in the liposome formulations encapsulating EO components should be carefully chosen. In this work, various liposome formulations differing by Chol content (DPPC:Chol 100:10; 100:25; 100:50; 100:75; 100:100) were exposed to a series of 22 EO components at DPPC/EO 100/25. The formulations were characterized for their final composition and their permeability to the hydrophilic fluorophore, sulforhodamine B (SRB), was monitored. Results showed that the Chol content experimentally determined for the various formulations (above 10% Chol) was below the theoretical weighed Chol. Among the tested components, 13 molecules displayed a significant permeabilizing effect on 10% Chol membranes. Most of these possess a hydroxyl group. The EO induced permeability was dependent on the Chol content which affects the membrane phase: their effect was reduced upon increasing Chol content keeping five EOs components effective at 40% Chol. The EO's effect was also linked to the hydrophobicity of the molecule. Hence, the DPPC:Chol ratio of the formulation is chosen considering the structure of the compound, its hydrophobicity and its effect on the permeability at different Chol content: a formulation comprising 40% Chol is suggested for highly hydrophobic molecules whereas a formulation with higher Chol content could be selected for less hydrophobic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenwa Nasr
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,ISA-UMR 5280, CNRS, Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- ISA-UMR 5280, CNRS, Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon-1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nathalie Khreich
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Kaur R, Kaur L. Encapsulated natural antimicrobials: A promising way to reduce microbial growth in different food systems. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chitosan-Coating Effect on the Characteristics of Liposomes: A Focus on Bioactive Compounds and Essential Oils: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, liposomes have gained increasing attention for their potential applications as drug delivery systems in the pharmaceutic, cosmetic and food industries. However, they have a tendency to aggregate and are sensitive to degradation caused by several factors, which may limit their effectiveness. A promising approach to improve liposomal stability is to modify liposomal surfaces by forming polymeric layers. Among natural polymers, chitosan has received great interest due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review discussed the characteristics of this combined system, called chitosomes, in comparison to those of conventional liposomes. The coating of liposomes with chitosan or its derivatives improved liposome stability, provided sustained drug release and increased drug penetration across mucus layers. The mechanisms behind these results are highlighted in this paper. Alternative assembly of polyelectrolytes using alginate, sodium hyaluronate, or pectin with chitosan could further improve the liposomal characteristics. Chitosomal encapsulation could also ensure targeted delivery and boost the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils (EOs). Moreover, chitosomes could be an efficient tool to overcome the major drawbacks related to the chemical properties of EOs (low water solubility, sensitivity to oxygen, light, heat, and humidity) and their poor bioavailability. Overall, chitosomes could be considered as a promising strategy to enlarge the use of liposomes.
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Fabrication, Characterization, and Antifungal Assessment of Jasmine Essential Oil-Loaded Chitosan Nanomatrix Against Aspergillus flavus in Food System. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tian Q, Zhou W, Cai Q, Ma G, Lian G. Concepts, processing, and recent developments in encapsulating essential oils. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Huang Y, Liu H, Liu S, Li S. Cinnamon Cassia Oil Emulsions Stabilized by Chitin Nanofibrils: Physicochemical Properties and Antibacterial Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14620-14631. [PMID: 33226223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays consumers are increasingly demanding food with fewer synthetic preservatives, which makes antimicrobial essential oils (EOs) from plants promising alternatives. In this work, surfactant-free emulsions were successfully fabricated from Cinnamon cassia oil (C. cassia oil) with partially deacetylated chitin nanofiber (ChNF) adopted as a Pickering stabilizer. The storage stability and microstructures of the emulsions with different concentrations of ChNF were studied in detail. As ChNF concentration increased, the emulsion droplet size decreased while the emulsion stability increased with stable periods as long as 90 days. This could be attributed to the Pickering stabilization realized by irreversible adsorption of the ChNF at the oil-water interface (revealed by fluorescent microscopy) and subsequent formation of an interdroplet ChNF network in the continuous phase, which was further strengthened in the presence of the aldehyde moiety in the C. cassia oil (verified by FTIR spectra). The rheological data and SEM images provided further evidence for network formation in the emulsions with increased ChNF concentration. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the emulsion against Escherichia coli and the release patterns of EOs from emulsions were also investigated. The emulsions showed prolonged antibacterial activities but enhanced diffusion efficiency with the introduction of ChNF, which turned out to be a good encapsulation system for the controlled release of EOs. This work evidences the promising advantages of ChNF-stabilized Pickering emulsions as a facile EOs delivery system for application in food preservation and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Hubei Gedian Humanwell Pharmaceutical Excipients Company, Limited, Ezhou 436070, China
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Matulyte I, Kasparaviciene G, Bernatoniene J. Development of New Formula Microcapsules from Nutmeg Essential Oil Using Sucrose Esters and Magnesium Aluminometasilicate. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E628. [PMID: 32635497 PMCID: PMC7408566 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are volatile liquids which evaporate and lose their pharmacological effect when exposed to the environment. The aim of this study is to protect nutmeg essential oil from environmental factors by encapsulation (shell material, sodium alginate) and determine the influence of crosslinker concentration (2%, 5% calcium chloride), different emulsifiers (polysorbate 80, sucrose esters), and magnesium aluminometasilicate on microcapsule physical parameters, encapsulation efficiency (EE), swelling index (SI), and other parameters. Nutmeg essential oil (NEO)-loaded calcium alginate microcapsules were prepared by extrusion. The swelling test was performed with and without enzymes in simulated gastric, intestinal, and gastrointestinal media. This study shows that the crosslinker concentration has a significant influence on EE, with 2% calcium chloride solution being more effective than 5%, and capsules being softer with 2% crosslinker solution. Using sucrose esters, EE is higher when polysorbate 80 is used. The swelling index is nearly three times higher in an intestinal medium without enzymes than in the medium with pancreatin. Microcapsule physical parameters depend on the excipients: the hardest capsules were obtained with the biggest amount of sodium alginate; the largest with magnesium aluminometasilicate. Sucrose esters and magnesium aluminometasilicate are new materials used in extrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Matulyte
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Kasparaviciene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Characterization of chitosan based polyelectrolyte films incorporated with OSA-modified gum arabic-stabilized cinnamon essential oil emulsions. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:362-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Tampau A, González-Martínez C, Chiralt A. Polylactic acid-based materials encapsulating carvacrol obtained by solvent casting and electrospinning. J Food Sci 2020; 85:1177-1185. [PMID: 32144808 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) dissolved (15 wt.%) in ethyl acetate (EtAc): dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) binary systems (0:1; 1:3, and 2:3 v/v) was used as carrier to obtain carvacrol (CA)-loaded (20 wt.% with respect to PLA) matrices by electrospinning, in comparison with solvent casting. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) observations showed that CA-loaded electrospun fibers were thinner than the CA-free ones, and their encapsulating efficiency (EE) increased when EtAc was present in the solvent. The cast films had higher EE (up to 89%) than the electrospun mats (maximum 68%). Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry revealed that CA-free matrices retain more solvent than the samples with CA; this effect is being more noticeable in fibers rather than in cast films. The thermal analysis revealed stronger retention forces of CA in the fibers than in the cast material and the CA plasticizing effect in the PLA matrices, in accordance with its retained amount. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The carvacrol-loaded polylactic acid materials obtained in this study are intended to serve as possible active layer in obtaining active (antimicrobial and/or antioxidant) multilayer materials for the packaging of foodstuffs, when applied onto a supporting polymer layer. Active properties of the material, as well as the potential carvacrol sensory impact, in packaged products should be assessed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Tampau
- Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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de Menezes CWG, Carvalho GA, Alves DS, de Carvalho AA, Aazza S, de Oliveira Ramos V, Pinto JEBP, Bertolucci SKV. Biocontrol potential of methyl chavicol for managing Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an important corn pest. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5030-5041. [PMID: 31848958 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic insecticides applied to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) can have negative impacts on environment and human health. Botanical essential oils can be sources of organic molecules with biocontrol potential and advantages, such as minor impacts on the selection of resistant pest insects and low toxicity to humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the biocontrol action of essential oils from Brazilian species and methyl chavicol compounds on the development and metabolism of S. frugiperda. Essential oils of Eremanthus erythropappus (Asteraceae), Ocimum selloi, Hyptis suaveolens, and Hyptis marrubioides (Lamiaceae) were distilled by the steam distillation method and analyzed by gas chromatograph techniques. The essential oils were incorporated into an artificial diet (at 1, 2, and 4 mg mL-1) and offered to S. frugiperda caterpillars. Larvae of S. frugiperda at 48 h of age were fed an artificial diet containing the major constituent of O. selloi (methyl chavicol). The major compounds of the essential oils were methyl chavicol for O. selloi, α-bisabolol for E. erythropappus, bicyclogermacrene for H. suaveolens, and β-thujone for H. marrubioides. O. selloi caused 100% mortality in S. frugiperda larvae at a concentration of 1 mg mL-1 after 48 h. H. marrubioides essential oil caused 100% mortality in larvae at a concentration of 4 mg mL-1 after 48 h. O. selloi and H. marrubioides inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity in 72.87% and 81.69% of larvae, respectively. O. selloi presented the highest toxicity to S. frugiperda and the lowest inhibition of AchE. Methyl chavicol was lethal to all larvae within 24 h at a concentration of 0.92 mg mL-1 of diet. Methyl chavicol showed the best insecticidal activity and potential to be used as a natural insecticide to control S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geraldo Andrade Carvalho
- Entomology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Mail Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Dejane Santos Alves
- Entomology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Mail Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | | | - Smail Aazza
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, BP 159, Taounate, Morocco
| | - Vinicius de Oliveira Ramos
- Entomology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Mail Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
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