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Lowdon JW, Diliën H, Singla P, Peeters M, Cleij TJ, van Grinsven B, Eersels K. MIPs for commercial application in low-cost sensors and assays - An overview of the current status quo. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2020; 325:128973. [PMID: 33012991 PMCID: PMC7525251 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.128973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged over the past few decades as interesting synthetic alternatives due to their long-term chemical and physical stability and low-cost synthesis procedure. They have been integrated into many sensing platforms and assay formats for the detection of various targets, ranging from small molecules to macromolecular entities such as pathogens and whole cells. Despite the advantages MIPs have over natural receptors in terms of commercialization, the striking success stories of biosensor applications such as the glucose meter or the self-test for pregnancy have not been matched by MIP-based sensor or detection kits yet. In this review, we zoom in on the commercial potential of MIP technology and aim to summarize the latest developments in their commercialization and integration into sensors and assays with high commercial potential. We will also analyze which bottlenecks are inflicting with commercialization and how recent advances in commercial MIP synthesis could overcome these obstacles in order for MIPs to truly achieve their commercial potential in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pankaj Singla
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for advanced studies-1, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Munawar A, Tahir MA, Shaheen A, Lieberzeit PA, Khan WS, Bajwa SZ. Investigating nanohybrid material based on 3D CNTs@Cu nanoparticle composite and imprinted polymer for highly selective detection of chloramphenicol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 342:96-106. [PMID: 28823921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds great promise for the fabrication of versatile materials that can be used as sensor platforms for the highly selective detection of analytes. In this research article we report a new nanohybrid material, where 3D imprinted nanostructures are constructed. First, copper nanoparticles are deposited on carbon nanotubes and then a hybrid structure is formed by coating molecularly imprinted polymer on 3D CNTs@Cu NPs; and a layer by layer assembly is achieved. SEM and AFM revealed the presence of Cu NPs (100-500nm) anchored along the whole length of CNTs, topped with imprinted layer. This material was applied to fabricate an electrochemical sensor to monitor a model veterinary drug, chloramphenicol. The high electron transfer ability and conductivity of the prepared material produced sensitive response, whereas, molecular imprinting produces selectivity towards drug detection. The sensor responses were found concentration dependent and the detection limit was calculated to be 10μM (S/N=3). Finally, we showed how changing the polymer composition, the extent of cross linking, and sensor layer thickness greatly affects the number of binding sites for the recognition of drug. This work paves the way to build variants of 3D imprinted materials for the detection of other kinds of biomolecules and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Munawar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Tahir
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Shaheen
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Peter A Lieberzeit
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Waehringerstrasse 38, 1090, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Waheed S Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sadia Z Bajwa
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Li J, Shen Y, Jiang Y, He L, Sun Z. Bioinformatic Survey of S-Layer Proteins in Bifidobacteria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/cmb.2018.82003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wastl DS. Ambient atomic resolution atomic force microscopy with qPlus sensors: Part 1. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:50-65. [PMID: 27474417 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an enormous tool to observe nature in highest resolution and understand fundamental processes like friction and tribology on the nanoscale. Atomic resolution in highest quality was possible only in well-controlled environments like ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) or controlled buffer environments (liquid conditions) and more specified for long-term high-resolution analysis at low temperatures (∼4 K) in UHV where drift is nearly completely absent. Atomic resolution in these environments is possible and is widely used. However, in uncontrolled environments like air, with all its pollutants and aerosols, unspecified thin liquid films as thin as a single molecular water-layer of 200 pm or thicker condensation films with thicknesses up to hundred nanometer, have been a problem for highest resolution since the invention of the AFM. The goal of true atomic resolution on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic samples was reached recently. In this manuscript we want to review the concept of ambient AFM with atomic resolution. The reader will be introduced to the phenomenology in ambient conditions and the problems will be explained and analyzed while a method for scan parameter optimization will be explained. Recently developed concepts and techniques how to reach atomic resolution in air and ultra-thin liquid films will be shown and explained in detail, using several examples. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:50-65, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Wastl
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biophysics, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Muthgasse 11, Vienna, 1190, Austria.,Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
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Eersels K, Lieberzeit P, Wagner P. A Review on Synthetic Receptors for Bioparticle Detection Created by Surface-Imprinting Techniques—From Principles to Applications. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Eersels
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Lieberzeit
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department
of Physical Chemistry, Währinger Straße 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Wagner
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Dopaminergic receptor-ligand binding assays based on molecularly imprinted polymers on quartz crystal microbalance sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 81:117-124. [PMID: 26926593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been successfully applied as selective materials for assessing the binding activity of agonist and antagonist of dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) by using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). In this study, D1R derived from rat hypothalamus was used as a template and thus self-organized on stamps. Those were pressed into an oligomer film consisting of acrylic acid: N-vinylpyrrolidone: N,N'-(1,2-dihydroxyethylene) bis-acrylamide in a ratio of 2:3:12 spin coated onto a dual electrode QCM. Such we obtained one D1R-MIP-QCM electrode, whereas the other electrode carried the non-imprinted control polymer (NIP) that had remained untreated. Successful imprinting of D1R was confirmed by AFM. The polymer can re-incorporate D1R leading to frequency responses of 100-1200Hz in a concentration range of 5.9-47.2µM. In a further step such frequency changes proved inherently useful for examining the binding properties of test ligands to D1R. The resulting mass-sensitive measurements revealed Kd of dopamine∙HCl, haloperidol, and (+)-SCH23390 at 0.874, 25.6, and 0.004nM, respectively. These results correlate well with the values determined in radio ligand binding assays. Our experiments revealed that D1R-MIP sensors are useful for estimating the strength of ligand binding to the active single site. Therefore, we have developed a biomimetic surface imprinting strategy for QCM studies of D1R-ligand binding and presented a new method to ligand binding assay for D1R.
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