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Kumar N, Sharma AK, Guleria M, Shelar SB, Chakraborty A, Rakshit S, Kolay S, Satpati D, Das T. Nuclear Localization Signal Enhances the Targeting and Therapeutic Efficacy of a Porphyrin-Based Molecular Cargo: A Systemic In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2351-2364. [PMID: 38477252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the potential of a nuclear localization signal (NLS) toward facilitating intracellular delivery and enhancement in the therapeutic efficacy of the molecular cargo. Toward this, an in-house synthesized porphyrin derivative, namely, 5-carboxymethyelene-oxyphenyl-10,15,20-tris(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin (UTriMA), was utilized for conjugation with the NLS sequence [PKKKRKV]. The three compounds synthesized during the course of the present work, namely DOTA-Lys-NLS, DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS, and DOTA-Lys-UTriMA, were evaluated for cellular toxicity in cancer cell lines (HT1080), wherein all exhibited minimal dark toxicity. However, during photocytotoxicity studies with DOTA-Lys-UTriMA and DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS conjugates in the same cell line, the latter exhibited significantly higher light-dependent toxicity compared to the former. Furthermore, the photocytotoxicity for DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS in a healthy cell line (WI26VA4) was found to be significantly lower than that observed in the cancer cells. Fluorescence cell imaging studies carried out in HT1080 cancer cells revealed intracellular accumulation for the NLS-conjugated porphyrin (DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS), whereas unconjugated porphyrin (DOTA-Lys-UTriMA) failed to do so. To evaluate the radiotherapeutic effects of the synthesized conjugates, all three compounds were radiolabeled with 177Lu, a well-known therapeutic radionuclide with high radiochemical purity (>95%). During in vitro studies, the [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS complex exhibited the highest cell binding as well as internalization among the three radiolabeled complexes. Biological distribution studies for the radiolabeled compounds were performed in a fibrosarcoma-bearing small animal model, wherein significantly higher accumulation and prolonged retention of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS (9.32 ± 1.27% IA/g at 24 h p.i.) in the tumorous lesion compared to [177Lu]Lu-UTriMA-Lys-DOTA (2.3 ± 0.13% IA/g at 24 h p.i.) and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-Lys-NLS complexes (0.26 ± 0.17% IA/g at 24 h p.i.) were observed. The results of the biodistribution studies were further corroborated by recording serial SPECT-CT images of fibrosarcoma-bearing Swiss mice administered with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS at different time points. Tumor regression studies performed with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS in the same animal model with two different doses [250 μCi (9.25 MBq) and 500 μCi (18.5 MBq)] resulted in a significant reduction in tumor mass in the treated group of animals. The above results revealed a definite enhancement in the targeting ability of molecular cargo upon conjugation with NLS and hence indicated that this strategy may be helpful for the preparation of drug-NLS conjugates as multimodal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Amit K Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sandeep B Shelar
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Avik Chakraborty
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sutapa Rakshit
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Soumi Kolay
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Drishty Satpati
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Kumar N, Guleria M, Shelar S, Amirdhanayagam J, Das T. Copper metal insertion in porphyrin core compromises the photocytotoxicity of free base porphyrin: Revelation during synthesis of natCu/[64Cu]Cu-porphyrin complex. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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Coordination Properties of Porphyrin Analogues Ionized Forms by Experiment and Quantum Chemistry: 5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenyl‐21‐thia‐ and 5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenyl‐21,23‐Dithiaporphyrins. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Guleria M, Suman SK, Kumar N, Sharma AK, Amirdhanayagam J, Sarma HD, Satpati D, Das T. Evaluation of the effect of a cell penetrating peptide (TAT) towards tailoring the targeting efficacy and tumor uptake of porphyrin. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:1378-1390. [PMID: 36439980 PMCID: PMC9667781 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00097k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are known to possess a unique capacity to penetrate biological membranes and translocate various molecules into the cells. Therefore, porphyrin-CPP conjugates could be envisaged to boost the intracellular delivery of porphyrins thereby providing an improved tool for the development of agents for multi-modal applications for cancer management. Working in this direction, an unsymmetrically substituted porphyrin derivative was conjugated with a transactivating transcriptional activator peptide (TAT) and various in vitro and in vivo studies were carried out in order to study the effect of adding a CPP to the porphyrin derivative. MTT assay revealed the preferential light dependent toxicity of the porphyrin derivative which was further enhanced upon peptide conjugation. Fluorescence and flow cytometry studies revealed the relatively higher cellular internalization of the porphyrin-TAT conjugate in comparison with the porphyrin derivative. The elevated light dependent cell toxicity of the porphyrin-TAT conjugate along with its capability of generating cytotoxic singlet oxygen indicated the advantages of using the porphyrin-TAT conjugate for PDT applications. Also, porphyrin and the porphyrin-peptide conjugate were radiolabelled with 68Ga to investigate their possible potential as PET agents. In vivo biodistribution studies revealed a higher tumor uptake for the 68Ga-porphyrin-TAT conjugate (6.32 ± 1.24% IA per g) than for 68Ga-porphyrin (2.45 ± 0.88% IA per g) at 60 min post-administration. However, the observation of a higher non-target retention of the radiolabelled agents during in vivo studies might pose a limitation on their possible application in PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Shishu K Suman
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Amit K Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Jeyachitra Amirdhanayagam
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India
| | - Drishty Satpati
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai - 400085 India 91 22 2550 5151 91 22 2559 0613
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai - 400094 India
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5
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Kumar N, Guleria M, Chakraborty A, Amirdhanayagam J, Bannore TU, Damle A, Sarma HD, Das T. Synthesis and evaluation of [
177
Lu]Lu‐labeled porphyrin loaded PAMAM dendrimer: Impact on tumor uptake and pharmacokinetics. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1777-1790. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai Maharashtra India
- Department of Chemical Sciences Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai Maharashtra India
- Department of Chemical Sciences Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Avik Chakraborty
- Radiation Medicine Centre Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | | | | | - Archana Damle
- Radiation Medicine Centre Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Haladhar D. Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai Maharashtra India
- Department of Chemical Sciences Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai Maharashtra India
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6
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Advantages of combined photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oncological diseases. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:941-963. [DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Koifman OI, Ageeva TA. Main Strategies for the Synthesis of meso-Arylporphyrins. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9156840 DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
meso-Arylporphyrins as most accessible tetrapyrrole macroheterocycles have always been the focus of attention from researchers concerned with practically useful properties of these compounds. The first syntheses of meso-arylporphyrins date back to about 90 years ago. Up to now, the yields of these compounds have been improved from 5 to 80%. The present review analyzes different ways and strategies for the synthesis of meso-aryl-substituted porphyrins. The most efficient methods that can be scaled up to an industrial level have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. I. Koifman
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - T. A. Ageeva
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
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Ivanova YB, Pukhovskaya SG, Kiselev AN, Syrbu SA. Physicochemical Basis for the Creation of Liquid-Phase Sensor Materials Based on Tetraaryldithiaporphyrins. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Glymenaki E, Kandyli M, Apostolidou CP, Kokotidou C, Charalambidis G, Nikoloudakis E, Panagiotakis S, Koutserinaki E, Klontza V, Michail P, Charisiadis A, Yannakopoulou K, Mitraki A, Coutsolelos AG. Design and Synthesis of Porphyrin-Nitrilotriacetic Acid Dyads with Potential Applications in Peptide Labeling through Metallochelate Coupling. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1803-1818. [PMID: 35071874 PMCID: PMC8771699 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The need to detect and monitor biomolecules, especially within cells, has led to the emerging growth of fluorescent probes. One of the most commonly used labeling techniques for this purpose is reversible metallochelate coupling via a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) moiety. In this study, we focus on the synthesis and characterization of three new porphyrin-NTA dyads, TPP-Lys-NTA, TPP-CC-Lys-NTA, and Py 3 P-Lys-NTA composed of a porphyrin derivative covalently connected with a modified nitrilotriacetic acid chelate ligand (NTA), for possible metallochelate coupling with Ni2+ ions and histidine sequences. Emission spectroscopy studies revealed that all of the probes are able to coordinate with Ni2+ ions and consequently can be applied as fluorophores in protein/peptide labeling applications. Using two different histidine-containing peptides as His6-tag mimic, we demonstrated that the porphyrin-NTA hybrids are able to coordinate efficiently with the peptides through the metallochelate coupling process. Moving one step forward, we examined the ability of these porphyrin-peptide complexes to penetrate and accumulate in cancer cells, exploring the potential utilization of our system as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Glymenaki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Kandyli
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Pinelopi Apostolidou
- Department
of Materials Science and Technology and Institute of Electronic Structure
and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
(FO.R.T.H.), University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Chrysoula Kokotidou
- Department
of Materials Science and Technology and Institute of Electronic Structure
and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
(FO.R.T.H.), University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Nikoloudakis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Stylianos Panagiotakis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
- Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National
Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki 15341, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Koutserinaki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Vithleem Klontza
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Panagiota Michail
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Asterios Charisiadis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantina Yannakopoulou
- Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National
Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki 15341, Greece
| | - Anna Mitraki
- Department
of Materials Science and Technology and Institute of Electronic Structure
and Laser (I.E.S.L.), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas
(FO.R.T.H.), University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Athanassios G. Coutsolelos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Crete, Laboratory
of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Voutes Campus, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
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Effect of structural variation on tumor targeting efficacy of cationically charged porphyrin derivatives: Comparative in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation for possible potential in PET and PDT. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113184. [PMID: 33497889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
tetracationic (TMPyP) and tricationic porphyrin (TriMPyCOOHP) derivatives were synthesized, characterized and investigated for binding with DNA by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry as well as by UV-Vis spectroscopy in order to study the effect of structural variation on tumor targeting efficacy of cationically charged porphyrin derivatives. Fluorescence cell imaging studies performed in cancer cell lines corroborated the findings of aforementioned studies. Photocytotoxicity experiments in A549 cell lines revealed relatively higher light dependent cytotoxic effects exerted by TMPyP compared to TriMPyCOOHP. In-vivo experiments in tumor bearing animal model revealed relatively longer retention of 68Ga-TMPyP in tumorous lesion compared to that of 68Ga-TriMPyCOOHP. The study reveals that removal of one of the positive charges of the tetracationic porphyrin derivatives significantly reduces their DNA binding ability and cytotoxicity as well as brings changes in the pharmacokinetic pattern and tumor retention in small animal model.
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Munch M, Rotstein BH, Ulrich G. Fluorine-18-Labeled Fluorescent Dyes for Dual-Mode Molecular Imaging. Molecules 2020; 25:E6042. [PMID: 33371284 PMCID: PMC7766373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress realized in the development of optical imaging (OPI) probes and devices has made this technique more and more affordable for imaging studies and fluorescence-guided surgery procedures. However, this imaging modality still suffers from a low depth of penetration, thus limiting its use to shallow tissues or endoscopy-based procedures. In contrast, positron emission tomography (PET) presents a high depth of penetration and the resulting signal is less attenuated, allowing for imaging in-depth tissues. Thus, association of these imaging techniques has the potential to push back the limits of each single modality. Recently, several research groups have been involved in the development of radiolabeled fluorophores with the aim of affording dual-mode PET/OPI probes used in preclinical imaging studies of diverse pathological conditions such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, or cardiovascular diseases. Among all the available PET-active radionuclides, 18F stands out as the most widely used for clinical imaging thanks to its advantageous characteristics (t1/2 = 109.77 min; 97% β+ emitter). This review focuses on the recent efforts in the synthesis and radiofluorination of fluorescent scaffolds such as 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-diazaindacenes (BODIPYs), cyanines, and xanthene derivatives and their use in preclinical imaging studies using both PET and OPI technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Munch
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Benjamin H. Rotstein
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Énergie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), UMR CNRS 7515, École Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, CEDEX 02, 67087 Strasbourg, France;
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12
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Porphyrin–Nanodiamond Hybrid Materials—Active, Stable and Reusable Cyclohexene Oxidation Catalysts. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for active, yet “green” non-toxic catalysts is a continuous challenge. In this work, covalently linked hybrid porphyrin–nanodiamonds were prepared via ipso nitro substitution reaction and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The amine-functionalized nanodiamonds (ND@NH2) and 2-nitro-5,10,15,20-tetra(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)porphyrin covalently linked to nanodiamonds (ND@βNH-TPPpCF3) were tested using Allium cepa as a plant model, and showed neither phytotoxicity nor cytotoxicity. The hybrid nanodiamond–copper(II)–porphyrin material ND@βNH-TPPpCF3-Cu(II) was also evaluated as a reusable catalyst in cyclohexene allylic oxidation, and displayed a remarkable turnover number (TON) value of ≈265,000, using O2 as green oxidant, in the total absence of sacrificial additives, which is the highest activity ever reported for said allylic oxidation. Additionally, ND@βNH-TPPpCF3-Cu(II) could be easily separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation, and reused in three consecutive catalytic cycles without major loss of activity.
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Calvete MJ, Pinto SM, Burrows HD, Castro MMC, Geraldes CF, Pereira MM. Multifunctionalization of cyanuric chloride for the stepwise synthesis of potential multimodal imaging chemical entities. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Guleria M, Das T, Vats K, Amirdhanayagam J, Mathur A, Sarma HD, Dash A. Preparation and evaluation of 99mTc-labeled porphyrin complexes prepared using PNP and HYNIC cores: studying the effects of core selection on pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake in a mouse model. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:606-615. [PMID: 31057740 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00559a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are tetrapyrrolic macrocyclic ligands known for their affinity towards neoplastic tissues and once radiolabeled with a suitable diagnostic radioisotope could potentially be used for the imaging of tumorous lesions. In the present study, an unsymmetrically substituted porphyrin derivative namely 5-(p-amino-propyloxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(carboxymethyleneoxyphenyl)-porphyrin was synthesized and modified further to enable radiolabeling with 99mTc using two different 99mTc-cores viz. 99mTc-HYNIC (hydrazino nicotinic acid) and 99mTc(N)PNP2 (PNP2 = bis-[(2-dimethylphosphino)ethyl]-methoxy-ethylamine) in order to study the effect of employing different 99mTc-cores on tumor affinity and pharmacokinetic behavior of the resultant 99mTc-labeled porphyrin complexes. 99mTc-Porphyrin complexes were characterized by reversed phase HPLC studies and could be prepared with >95% radiochemical purity under optimized radiolabeling conditions. Both 99mTc-complexes were found to be adequately stable in human blood serum till 3 h post-preparation. Bio-distribution studies, carried out in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors, revealed relatively higher tumor uptake for the 99mTc-HYNIC-porphyrin complex (3.95 ± 1.42 and 3.28 ± 0.27% IA per g) compared to that exhibited by the 99mTc(N)PNP-DTC-porphyrin complex (1.52 ± 0.53 and 1.56 ± 0.10% IA per g) at 1.5 and 3 h post-administration, although the former complex exhibited comparatively lower lipophilicity in the octanol-water system. Higher uptake and longer retention in the blood were observed for the 99mTc-HYNIC-porphyrin complex (6.63 ± 0.75 and 4.36 ± 0.25% IA per g) compared to that exhibited by the 99mTc(N)PNP-DTC-porphyrin complex (2.41 ± 0.54 and 2.30 ± 0.16% IA per g) at both 1.5 and 3 h post-administration. However, relatively lower liver uptake was observed for the former complex (19.26 ± 3.48 and 18.45 ± 1.05% IA per g) than that exhibited by the latter one (39.37 ± 3.88 and 34.15 ± 8.25% IA per g) at both 1.5 and 3 h post-administration. This study indicates that the in vivo behavior exhibited by the 99mTc-labeled porphyrins not only depends on their lipophilicity/hydrophilicity but is also governed by the Tc-cores employed for radiolabeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
| | - Kusum Vats
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Jeyachitra Amirdhanayagam
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Anupam Mathur
- Radiopharmaceuticals Program , Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology , Vashi , Navi Mumbai - 400703 , India
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
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Pinto SMA, Calvete MJF, Ghica ME, Soler S, Gallardo I, Pallier A, Laranjo MB, Cardoso AMS, Castro MMCA, Brett CMA, Pereira MM, Tóth É, Geraldes CFGC. A biocompatible redox MRI probe based on a Mn(ii)/Mn(iii) porphyrin. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3249-3262. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04775h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble fluorinated MnIII/II porphyrin responds reversibly to ascorbate redox state as a turn-on MRI probe.
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16
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Guleria M, Kumar C, Das T, Amirdhanayagam J, Sharma R, Sarma HD, Dash A. Studies towards elucidating the potential of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis( p-carboxy-methyleneoxyphenyl)porphyrin as a theranostic agent for applications in PET and PDT. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:657-666. [PMID: 30108956 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins, owing to their inherent tendency to accumulate in tumorous lesions, are considered suitable for developing agents for theranostic applications involving tumor diagnosis and targeted tumor therapy. The aim of the present work is to study the potential of a porphyrin derivative namely, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-carboxymethyleneoxyphenyl)porphyrin (SPTA) as a theranostic agent for applications in positron emission tomography (PET) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). SPTA was synthesized in-house following a three-step reaction process and characterized by using spectroscopic techniques, viz. UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, as well as by mass spectrometry. SPTA was labeled with 68Ga, a generator produced PET radioisotope, and the radiolabeled product was characterized by HPLC. The 68Ga-SPTA complex was prepared with a radiochemical purity of >95% under optimized conditions. The diagnostic potential of 68Ga-SPTA was evaluated by cell uptake studies in two different tumor cell lines (HT1080 and A549) which revealed the affinity of 68Ga-SPTA towards the cancer cells. Biodistribution studies carried out in Swiss mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumors exhibited the accumulation of the radiotracer in the tumor. The therapeutic potential of SPTA was evaluated by determining its photo-cytotoxicity employing the MTT assay in HT1080 and A549 cell lines using three different light doses, which indicated the significant cytotoxicity of SPTA in the presence of light. The present study indicates the possible potential of SPTA in radionuclide imaging as well as in photodynamic therapy (PDT) thus confirming the promising theranostic nature of this porphyrin derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Chandan Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
| | - Jeyachitra Amirdhanayagam
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay , Mumbai - 400085 , India . ; ; Tel: +91 22 2559 0613.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai - 400094 , India
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17
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Calvete MJF, Dias LD, Henriques CA, Pinto SMA, Carrilho RMB, Pereira MM. A Cost-Efficient Method for Unsymmetrical Meso-Aryl Porphyrin Synthesis Using NaY Zeolite as an Inorganic Acid Catalyst. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050741. [PMID: 28475140 PMCID: PMC6154588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of unsymmetrical meso-aryl substituted porphyrins, using NaY zeolite as an inorganic acid catalyst. A comparative study between this method and the several synthetic strategies available in the literature was carried out. Our method presented a better, more cost-efficient rationale and displayed a significantly lower environmental impact. Furthermore, it was possible to verify the scalability of the process as well as the reutilization of the inorganic catalyst NaY (up to 6 times) without significant yield decrease. In addition, this method was applied to the synthesis of several other unsymmetrical porphyrins, from a low melting point porphyrin to mono-carboxylated halogenated unsymmetrical porphyrins, in yields higher than those found in the literature. Additionally, for the first time, two acetamide functionalized halogenated porphyrins were prepared in high yields. This methodology opens the way to the preparation of high yielding functionalized porphyrins, which can be easily immobilized for a variety of applications, either in catalysis or in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário J F Calvete
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Lucas D Dias
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - César A Henriques
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Sara M A Pinto
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rui M B Carrilho
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mariette M Pereira
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, CQC, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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18
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Porphyrin-based Pt/Pd-containing metallopolymers: Synthesis, characterization, optical property and potential application in bioimaging. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Kooriyaden FR, Sujatha S, Arunkumar C. Study of scrambling in porphyrin forming reactions: Synthesis, structure, photophysical, electrochemical and antimicrobial studies. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Metal coordinated pyrrole-based macrocycles as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging technologies: Synthesis and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Dini D, Calvete MJF, Hanack M. Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13043-13233. [PMID: 27933768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting. All known mechanisms of optical limiting have been analyzed and discussed for the different types of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza" , P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mário J F Calvete
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra , Rua Larga, P 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Michael Hanack
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Henriques CA, Pinto SMA, Pina J, Serpa C, Fernandes A, Rossi LM, Ribeiro MF, Pereira MM, Calvete MJF. Cost-efficient method for unsymmetrical meso-aryl porphyrins and iron oxide-porphyrin hybrids prepared thereof. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:16211-16220. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, characterisation and photophysical properties of magnetic iron oxide-porphyrin hybrids starting from unsymmetrical porphyrins, which are prepared by a cost-efficient methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A. Henriques
- CQC
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Sara M. A. Pinto
- CQC
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Carlos Serpa
- CQC
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Auguste Fernandes
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Liane M. Rossi
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo
- 05508-000 São Paulo
- Brasil
| | - M. Filipa Ribeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Mariette M. Pereira
- CQC
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Mário J. F. Calvete
- CQC
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
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