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Zhang Z, Chaudhuri K, Kaefer F, Malanoski AP, Page KA, Smieska LM, Pham JT, Ober CK. Controlling Anti-Penetration Performance by Post-Grafting of Fluorinated Alkyl Chains onto Polystyrene- block-poly(vinyl methyl siloxane). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19594-19604. [PMID: 38588386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been widely used as a surface coating material, which has been reported to possess dynamic omniphobicity to a wide range of both polar and nonpolar solvents due to its high segmental flexibility and mobility. However, such high flexibility and mobility also enable penetration of small molecules into PDMS coatings, which alter the chemical and physical properties of the coating layers. To improve the anti-penetration properties of PDMS, a series of fluorinated alkyl segments are grafted to a diblock copolymer of polystyrene-block-poly(vinyl methyl siloxane) (PS-b-PVMS) using thiol-ene click reactions. This article reports the chemical characterization of these model fluorosilicone block copolymers and uses fluorescence measurements to investigate the dye penetration characteristics of polymer thin films. The introduction of longer fluorinated alkyl chains can gradually increase the anti-penetration properties as the time to reach the maximum fluorescence intensity (tpeak) gradually increases from 11 s of PS-b-PVMS to more than 1000 s of PS-b-P(n-C6F13-VMS). The improvement of anti-penetration properties is attributed to stronger inter-/intrachain interactions, phase segregation of ordered fluorinated side chains, and enhanced hydrophobicity caused by the grafting of fluorinated alkyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Krishnaroop Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Florian Kaefer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anthony P Malanoski
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Kirt A Page
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES Inc., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Louisa M Smieska
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jonathan T Pham
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Christopher K Ober
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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2
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Qiu S, Li Z, Ye X, Ying X, Zhou J, Wang Y. Selective Swelling of Polystyrene (PS)/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) Block Copolymers in Alkanes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoutian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyue Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jiemei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing211816, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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3
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Soldado A, Barrio LC, Díaz-Gonzalez M, de la Escosura-Muñiz A, Costa-Fernandez JM. Advances in quantum dots as diagnostic tools. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 107:1-40. [PMID: 35337601 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are crystalline inorganic semiconductor nanoparticles a few nanometers in size that possess unique optical electronic properties vs those of larger materials. For example, QDs usually exhibit a strong and long-lived photoluminescence emission, a feature dependent on size, shape and composition. These special optoelectronic properties make them a promising alternative to conventional luminescent dyes as optical labels in biomedical applications including biomarker quantification, biomolecule targeting and molecular imaging. A key parameter for use of QDs is to functionalize their surface with suitable (bio)molecules to provide stability in aqueous solutions and efficient and selective tagging biomolecules of interest. Researchers have successfully developed biocompatible QDs and have linked them to various biomolecule recognition elements, i.e., antibodies, proteins, DNA, etc. In this chapter, QD synthesis and characterization strategies are reviewed as well as the development of nanoplatforms for luminescent biosensing and imaging-guided targeting. Relevant biomedical applications are highlighted with a particular focus on recent progress in ultrasensitive detection of clinical biomarkers. Finally, key future research goals to functionalize QDs as diagnostic tools are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Soldado
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Cid Barrio
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Díaz-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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4
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Michalska M, Laney SK, Li T, Tiwari MK, Parkin IP, Papakonstantinou I. A route to engineered high aspect-ratio silicon nanostructures through regenerative secondary mask lithography. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1847-1854. [PMID: 35040848 PMCID: PMC9115640 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07024j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanostructuring imparts unique material properties including antireflectivity, antifogging, anti-icing, self-cleaning, and/or antimicrobial activity. To tune these properties however, a good control over features' size and shape is essential. Here, a versatile fabrication process is presented to achieve tailored silicon nanostructures (thin/thick pillars, sharp/truncated/re-entrant cones), of pitch down to ∼50 nm, and high-aspect ratio (>10). The approach relies on pre-assembled block copolymer (BCP) micelles and their direct transfer into a glass hard mask of an arbitrary thickness, now enabled by our recently reported regenerative secondary mask lithography. During this pattern transfer, not only can the mask diameter be decreased but also uniquely increased, constituting the first method to achieve such tunability without necessitating a different molecular weight BCP. Consequently, the hard mask modulation (height, diameter) advances the flexibility in attainable inter-pillar spacing, aspect ratios, and re-entrant profiles (= glass on silicon). Combined with adjusted silicon etch conditions, the morphology of nanopatterns can be highly customized. The process control and scalability enable uniform patterning of a 6-inch wafer which is verified through cross-wafer excellent antireflectivity (<5%) and water-repellency (advancing contact angle 158°; hysteresis 1°). The implementation of this approach to silicon nanostructuring is envisioned to be far-reaching, facilitating fundamental studies and targeting applications spanning solar panels, antifogging/antibacterial surfaces, sensing, amongst many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Michalska
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Sophia K Laney
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Tao Li
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Manish K Tiwari
- Nanoengineered Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, London, W1W 7TS, UK
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Ioannis Papakonstantinou
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
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Abstract
Hierarchic self-assembly underpins much of the form and function seen in synthetic or biological soft materials. Lipids are paramount examples, building themselves in nature or synthetically in a variety of meso/nanostructures. Synthetic block copolymers capture many of lipid's structural and functional properties. Lipids are typically biocompatible and high molecular weight polymers are mechanically robust and chemically versatile. The development of new materials for applications like controlled drug/gene/protein delivery, biosensors, and artificial cells often requires the combination of lipids and polymers. The emergent composite material, a "polymer-lipid hybrid membrane", displays synergistic properties not seen in pure components. Specific examples include the observation that hybrid membranes undergo lateral phase separation that can correlate in registry across multiple layers into a three-dimensional phase-separated system with enhanced permeability of encapsulated drugs. It is timely to underpin these emergent properties in several categories of hybrid systems ranging from colloidal suspensions to supported hybrid films. In this review, we discuss the form and function of a vast number of polymer-lipid hybrid systems published to date. We rationalize the results to raise new fundamental understanding of hybrid self-assembling soft materials as well as to enable the design of new supramolecular systems and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Kyung Go
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Keil M, Wetzel AE, Wu K, Khomtchenko E, Urbankova J, Boisen A, Rindzevicius T, Bunea AI, Taboryski RJ. Large plasmonic color metasurfaces fabricated by super resolution deep UV lithography. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2236-2244. [PMID: 36133765 PMCID: PMC9419299 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00934b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate plasmonic color metasurfaces as large as ∼60 cm2 fabricated by deep UV projection lithography employing an innovative combination of resolution enhancement techniques. Briefly, in addition to the established off-axis dipole illumination, double- and cross-exposure resolution enhancement of lithography, we introduce a novel element, the inclusion of transparent assist features to the mask layout. With this approach, we demonstrate the fabrication of relief arrays having critical dimensions such as 159 nm nanopillars or 210 nm nanoholes with 300 nm pitches, which is near the theoretical resolution limit expressed by the Rayleigh criterion for the 248 nm lithography tool used in this work. The type of surface structure, i.e. nanopillar or nanohole, and their diameters can be tailored simply by changing the width of the assist features included in the mask layout. By coating the obtained nanopatterns with thin layers of either Au or Al, we observe color spectra originating from the phenomenon known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). We demonstrate the generation of color palettes representing a broad spectral range of colors, and we employ finite element modelling to corroborate the measured LSPR fingerprint spectra. Most importantly, the ∼60 cm2 nanostructure arrays can be written in only a few minutes, which is a tremendous improvement compared to the more established techniques employed for fabricating similar structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Keil
- DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark Ørsted Plads, Building 347 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark +45 45258101
| | - Alexandre Emmanuel Wetzel
- DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark Ørsted Plads, Building 347 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark +45 45258101
| | - Kaiyu Wu
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Elena Khomtchenko
- DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark Ørsted Plads, Building 347 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark +45 45258101
| | - Jitka Urbankova
- DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark Ørsted Plads, Building 347 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark +45 45258101
| | - Anja Boisen
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Tomas Rindzevicius
- DTU Health Tech, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Ada-Ioana Bunea
- DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark Ørsted Plads, Building 347 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark +45 45258101
| | - Rafael J Taboryski
- DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark Ørsted Plads, Building 347 DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark +45 45258101
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Optical Properties of Site-Selectively Grown InAs/InP Quantum Dots with Predefined Positioning by Block Copolymer Lithography. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020391. [PMID: 33466881 PMCID: PMC7830905 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The InAs/InP quantum dots (QDs) are investigated by time-integrated (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) experiments. The QDs are fabricated site-selectively by droplet epitaxy technique using block copolymer lithography. The estimated QDs surface density is ∼1.5 × 1010 cm−2. The PL emission at T=300 K is centered at 1.5 μm. Below T=250 K, the PL spectrum shows a fine structure consisting of emission modes attributed to the multimodal QDs size distribution. Temperature-dependent PL reveals negligible carrier transfer among QDs, suggesting good carrier confinement confirmed by theoretical calculations and the TRPL experiment. The PL intensity quench and related energies imply the presence of carrier losses among InP barrier states before carrier capture by QD states. The TRPL experiment highlighted the role of the carrier reservoir in InP. The elongation of PL rise time with temperature imply inefficient carrier capture from the reservoir to QDs. The TRPL experiment at T=15 K reveals the existence of two PL decay components with strong dispersion across the emission spectrum. The decay times dispersion is attributed to different electron-hole confinement regimes for the studied QDs within their broad distribution affected by the size and chemical content inhomogeneities.
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8
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Telecka A, Li T, Ndoni S, Taboryski R. Nanotextured Si surfaces derived from block-copolymer self-assembly with superhydrophobic, superhydrophilic, or superamphiphobic properties. RSC Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of wafer-scale nanolithography based on block-copolymer (BCP) self-assembly for the fabrication of surfaces with enhanced wetting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Telecka
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
- University College London
| | - Sokol Ndoni
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
- Center for Nanostructured Graphene, CNG
- Technical University of Denmark
| | - Rafael Taboryski
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
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Cummins C, Borah D, Rasappa S, Senthamaraikannan R, Simao C, Francone A, Kehagias N, Sotomayor-Torres CM, Morris MA. Self-Assembled Nanofeatures in Complex Three-Dimensional Topographies via Nanoimprint and Block Copolymer Lithography Methods. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:4417-4423. [PMID: 31457733 PMCID: PMC6641768 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Achieving ultrasmall dimensions of materials and retaining high throughput are critical fabrication considerations for nanotechnology use. This article demonstrates an integrated approach for developing isolated sub-20 nm silicon oxide features through combined "top-down" and "bottom-up" methods: nanoimprint lithography (NIL) and block copolymer (BCP) lithography. Although techniques like those demonstrated here have been developed for nanolithographic application in the microelectronics processing industry, similar approaches could be utilized for sensor, fluidic, and optical-based devices. Thus, this article centers on looking at the possibility of generating isolated silica structures on substrates. NIL was used to create intriguing three-dimensional (3-D) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) topographical arrays that guided and confined polystyrene-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PS-b-PDMS) BCP nanofeatures in isolated regions. A cylinder forming PS-b-PDMS BCP system was successfully etched using a one-step etching process to create line-space arrays with a period of 35 nm in confined POSS arrays. We highlight large-area (>6 μm) coverage of line-space arrays in 3-D topographies that could potentially be utilized, for example, in nanofluidic systems. Aligned features for directed self-assembly application are also demonstrated. The high-density, confined silicon oxide nanofeatures in soft lithographic templates over macroscopic areas illustrate the advantages of integrating distinct lithographic methods for attaining discrete features in the deep nanoscale regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian Cummins
- AMBER
Centre and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Dipu Borah
- AMBER
Centre and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sozaraj Rasappa
- Optoelectronics
Research Center, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Claudia Simao
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Achille Francone
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nikolaos Kehagias
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clivia M. Sotomayor-Torres
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís
Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Wang Z, Li T, Almdal K, Asger Mortensen N, Xiao S, Ndoni S. Experimental demonstration of graphene plasmons working close to the near-infrared window. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:5345-5348. [PMID: 27842143 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to strong mode confinement, long propagation distance, and unique tunability, graphene plasmons have been widely explored in the mid-infrared and terahertz windows. However, it remains a big challenge to push graphene plasmons to shorter wavelengths to integrate graphene plasmon concepts with existing mature technologies in the near-infrared region. We investigate localized graphene plasmons supported by graphene nanodisks and experimentally demonstrate graphene plasmon working at 2 μm with the aid of a fully scalable block copolymer self-assembly method. Our results show a promising way to promote graphene plasmons for both fundamental studies and potential applications in the near-infrared window.
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Li T, Wu K, Rindzevicius T, Wang Z, Schulte L, Schmidt MS, Boisen A, Ndoni S. Wafer-Scale Nanopillars Derived from Block Copolymer Lithography for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15668-15675. [PMID: 27254397 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel nanofabrication process via block copolymer lithography using solvent vapor annealing. The nanolithography process is facile and scalable, enabling fabrication of highly ordered periodic patterns over entire wafers as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Direct silicon etching with high aspect ratio templated by the block copolymer mask is realized without any intermediate layer or external precursors. Uniquely, an atomic layer deposition (ALD)-assisted method is introduced to allow reversing of the morphology relative to the initial pattern. As a result, highly ordered silicon nanopillar arrays are fabricated with controlled aspect ratios. After metallization, the resulting nanopillar arrays are suitable for SERS applications. These structures readily exhibit an average SERS enhancement factor of above 10(8), SERS uniformities of 8.5% relative standard deviation across 4 cm, and 6.5% relative standard deviation over 5 × 5 mm(2) surface area, as well as a very low SERS background. The as-prepared SERS substrate, with a good enhancement and large-area uniformity, is promising for practical SERS sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Kaiyu Wu
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Tomas Rindzevicius
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Zhongli Wang
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Lars Schulte
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Michael S Schmidt
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Sokol Ndoni
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU) , Anker Engelunds Vej 1, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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Wang Z, Li T, Schulte L, Almdal K, Ndoni S. Photocatalytic Nanostructuring of Graphene Guided by Block Copolymer Self-Assembly. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:8329-8334. [PMID: 26999508 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured graphene exhibits many intriguing properties. For example, precisely controlled graphene nanomeshes can be applied in electronic, photonic, or sensing devices. However, fabrication of nanopatterned graphene with periodic supperlattice remains a challenge. In this work, periodic graphene nanomesh was fabricated by photocatalysis of single-layer graphene suspended on top of TiO2-covered nanopillars, which were produced by combining block copolymer nanolithography with atomic layer deposition. Graphene nanoribbons were also prepared by the same method applied to a line-forming block copolymer template. This mask-free and nonchemical/nonplasma route offers an exciting platform for nanopatterning of graphene and other UV-transparent materials for device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Wang
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology and ‡Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Konegs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology and ‡Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Konegs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars Schulte
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology and ‡Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Konegs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Almdal
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology and ‡Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Konegs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sokol Ndoni
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology and ‡Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Konegs Lyngby, Denmark
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